1965 Soviet nuclear tests

1965 Soviet Union nuclear bomb tests List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union 1965 Nuclear Blast Animation Rising Mushroom Cloud.gif Nuclear blast animation Soviet Union Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Bashkortostan, Russia; Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan 1965 14 cratering, underground shaft, tunnel 140 ktTNT in 1964 Soviet nuclear tests 1966 Soviet nuclear tests 1965 Soviet nuclear tests The Soviet Union's 1965 nuclear test series was a group of 14 nuclear tests conducted in 1965. These testsA bomb test may be a salvo test, defined as two or more explosions "where a period of time between successive individual explosions does not exceed 5 seconds and where the burial points of all explosive devices can be connected by segments of straight lines, each of them connecting two burial points and does not exceed 40 kilometers in length". V. N. Mikhailov Catalog of World Wide Nuclear Testing Begell-Atom, LLC http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm 2013-12-15 https://web.archive.org/web/20140426102201/http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm 2014-04-26 dead followed the 1964 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1966 Soviet nuclear tests series. + Soviet Union's 1965 series tests and detonations Name The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known. Date time (UT) Local time zoneTo convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. Historical time zone data obtained from the IANA time zone database.Time Zone Historical Database iana.com http://www.ietf.org/timezones/ March 8, 2014 LocationRough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area. Elevation + height Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together. Delivery,Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.Purpose Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down. DeviceDesignations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed. YieldEstimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie). FalloutRadioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released. References Notes 231 Chagan231 Chagan dmy 1965 1 15 06:00:00.8 ALMT (6 hrs) Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1004 49.9354 79.008473 231 Chagan inline 000152330 m on – 178 m on cratering,earth moving 001400000 140 kt Equivalent to US Sedan experiment, first Soviet industrial use of nuclear force. The crater and a backup impoundment became Lake Chagan or Balapin, crater 408 x 100 m on. 232232 dmy 1965 2 4 06:00:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A 49.77238 77.99428 232 inline 000464726 m on – 262 m on tunnel,fundamental science 000440000 44 kt 233233 dmy 1965 3 3 06:14:59.4 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Zh-3 49.8247 78.0527 233 inline 000625625 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000270000 27 kt 234234 dmy 1965 3 27 06:30:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: V-2 or A-2p 49.77347 77.98465 234 inline 000700700 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000600 60 t 235 Butan (Butane) - 1235 Butan (Butane) dmy 1965 3 30 08:00:00.0 SVET (5 hrs) Bashkortostan, Russia: 617 53.1134 55.85229 235 Butan (Butane) - 1 inline 000000 – 1340 m on underground shaft,oil stimulation 000023000 2.3 kt First salvo explosion in 2 shafts; oil recovery intensification. 235 Butan (Butane) - 2235 Butan (Butane) dmy 1965 3 30 08:00:00 SVET (5 hrs) Bashkortostan, Russia: 618 53.1134 55.85029 235 Butan (Butane) - 2 inline 000000 – 1375 m on underground shaft,oil stimulation 000023000 2.3 kt 236236 dmy 1965 5 11 06:40:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A-p? 49.7702 77.9943 236 inline 000726726 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000140000 14 kt 237 Butan (Butane)237 Butan (Butane) dmy 1965 6 10 07:00:00.0 SVET (5 hrs) Bashkortostan, Russia: 622 53.1104 55.85029 237 Butan (Butane) inline 000000 – 1350 m on underground shaft,oil stimulation 000076000 7.6 kt Oil recovery intensification. 238238 dmy 1965 6 17 03:45:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Zh-1 49.8284 78.0669 238 inline 000630630 m on + tunnel,peaceful research 000240000 24 kt 239239 dmy 1965 7 29 03:05:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A-1sh 49.7797 77.9981 239 inline 000700700 m on + tunnel,fundamental science 000011000 1.1 kt 240240 dmy 1965 9 17 04:00:00.1 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1 49.8116 78.1467 240 inline 000685685 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000150000 15 kt 241241 dmy 1965 10 8 06:00:00.4 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Z-1 49.8259 78.1114 241 inline 000630630 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000290000 29 kt 242 Sary-Uzen242 Sary-Uzen dmy 1965 10 14 04:00:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs) Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1003 49.99102 77.63508 242 Sary-Uzen inline 000412460 m on – 48 m on cratering,earth moving 000011000 1.1 kt Cratering explosion for reservoir, test in Sary-Uzen. Cratered 107 x 31 m on, and a small chemical charge opened the lip. The crater filled with artesian water. 243243 dmy 1965 11 21 04:58:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Zh-2 49.8192 78.0636 243 inline 000650650 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000290000 29 kt 244244 dmy 1965 12 24 05:00:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Z-3 49.8045 78.1067 244 inline 000781781 m on + tunnel,peaceful research 000067000 6.7 kt note References RFNC-VNIIEF 1996 USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990 Sarov, Russia The official Russian list of Soviet tests. Podvig Pavel 2001 Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces MIT Press Cambridge, MA 9780262661812 https://books.google.com/books?id=CPRVbYDc-7kC&pg=PA453 January 9, 2014 Cochran Thomas B. Arkin William M. Robert S. Norris Jeffrey I. Sands Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons Harper and Row New York, NY Khalturin Vitaly I. Tatyana G. Rautian Paul G. Richards 2000 10.1007/pl00001153 Chemical explosions during 1961-1989 on the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan Pure and Applied Geophysics 158 143–171 128953780 http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf December 13, 2013 March 4, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120004/http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf dead Nordyke M.D. The Soviet Program for Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions UCRL-ID-12441O Rev 2 http://cryptocomb.org/The%20Soviet%20Program%20for%20Peaceful%20Uses%20of%20Nuclear%20Explosions.pdf December 13, 2013 Yang Xiaoping Robert North Carl Romney August 2000 CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3) SMDC Monitoring Research Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4 December 1, 2004 IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security http://www-ns.iaea.org/downloads/rw/waste-safety/north-test-site-final.pdf December 13, 2013 Andrushkin Vitaly V. William Leith September 1, 2001 The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions USGS Open File Report 01-312 https://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf December 13, 2013 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080818/http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf May 9, 2013 Won-Young Kim Paul G. Richards Vitaly Andrushkin Vladimir Ovtchinnikov April 1, 2001 Borovoye digital seismogram archive for underground nuclear tests during 1966-1996 LDEO http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/Monitoring/Data/Brv_arch_ex/brv_text_table.pdf December 13, 2013 1965 Category:1965 in the Soviet Union Category:1965 in military history Category:1965 explosions