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1960 United States presidential debates
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1960 United States presidential debates United States presidential no September 26, 1960October 7, 1960October 13, 1960October 21, 1960 1976 United States presidential debates 1976 Richard Nixon official portrait as Vice President (cropped).tiff Richard Nixon Republican Party (United States) Jfk2 (3x4).jpg John F. Kennedy Democratic Party (United States) California Massachusetts
The 1960 United States presidential debates were a series of debates held during the 1960 presidential election.
Four presidential debates were held between Republican nominee Richard Nixon and Democratic nominee John F. Kennedy. All four presidential debates were the first series of debates conducted for any US presidential election.A brief history of presidential candidate debates Constitution Center https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/a-brief-history-of-presidential-candidate-debates November 7, 2024 National Constitution Center – constitutioncenter.org en The next presidential debate did not occur until 1976, after which debates would become a regular feature of all presidential campaigns.
Background
In 1960, the Republican Party nominated the incumbent vice president Richard Nixon as their presidential nominee, with Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., the United States ambassador to the United Nations, as his running mate.Pietrusza 2008 221-228 John F. Kennedy, a senator from Massachusetts, was nominated by the Democratic Party as their presidential nominee.Donaldson 2007 76-80 He chose the Senate Democratic leader Lyndon B. Johnson as his running mate.Donaldson 2007 76-80 Most polls after the party conventions showed the NixonLodge ticket having a six-point lead over the KennedyJohnson ticket.Donaldson 2007 93
Debate schedule
1960 United States presidential election debates No. Number Date and time Host Location Moderator ParticipantsKey:black #90ff90 P Participant #FFF Republican#FFF Democratic Vice PresidentRichard Nixonof California SenatorJohn F. Kennedyof Massachusetts 1 Monday, September 26, 19609:30 –10:30 p.m. EDT1960 debates http://www.debates.org/index.php?page=1960-debates Commission on Presidential Debates December 30, 2014 WBBM-TV studios Chicago, Illinois Howard K. Smith of CBS P P 2 Friday, October 7, 19607:30 – 8:30 p.m. EDT1960 debates http://www.debates.org/index.php?page=1960-debates Commission on Presidential Debates December 30, 2014 WRC-TV studios Washington, D.C. Frank McGee of NBC P P 3 Thursday, October 13, 19607:30 – 8:30 p.m. EDT1960 debates http://www.debates.org/index.php?page=1960-debates Commission on Presidential Debates December 30, 2014 ABC studios Los Angeles, California(Nixon)New York City, New York(Kennedy) Bill Shadel of ABC P P 4 Friday, October 21, 196010:00 – 11:00 p.m. EDT1960 debates http://www.debates.org/index.php?page=1960-debates Commission on Presidential Debates December 30, 2014 ABC studios New York City, New York Quincy Howe of ABC P P
September 26: First presidential debate (WBBM-TV studios, Chicago)
First presidential debate 150 First 1960 presidential debate.jpg 58 minutes 1960 09 26 WBBM-TV studios Chicago, Illinois Richard NixonJohn F. Kennedy Howard K. Smith of CBS September 26, 1960 Debate transcript
The first presidential debate between Vice President Richard Nixon and Senator John F. Kennedy took place on Monday, September 26, 1960, at the WBBM-TV studios in Chicago, Illinois. The debate was moderated by Howard K. Smith of CBS with Sander Vanocur, Charles Warren, Stuart Novins and Bob Fleming as panelists. Questions were restricted to internal or domestic American matters. The format decided was:
Eight minute opening statements
Two and a half minute responses to questions
Optional rebuttal
three minute closing statements.
thumb|Full broadcast of the September 26 debate
Nixon refused make-up for the first debate, subsequently his facial stubble showed prominently on black-and-white television screens. During the debate, Nixon started sweating under the studio lights. His light gray suit faded into the backdrop of the set and seemed to match his skin tone. Reacting to this, his mother immediately called him and asked whether he was sick. Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley in an interview said:
My God, they’ve embalmed him before he even died.Donaldson 2007 128
Nixon blamed his poor performance on hitting his knee on a car door in Greensboro, North Carolina, after which he had to be hospitalized for a staph infection.https://greensboro.com/news/local/hail-to-the-chief-presidential-visits-to-guilford-county/article_af0d63ae-8a13-11ec-8d15-b337b9610362.html Hail to the Chief: Presidential visits to Guilford County Fernandez Jennifer News and Record February 21, 2022
October 7: Second presidential debate (WRC-TV studios, Washington D.C.)
Second presidential debate 150 Kennedy Nixon Debate (1960).jpg 60 minutes 1960 10 07 WRC-TV studios Washington, D.C. Richard NixonJohn F. Kennedy Frank McGee of NBC October 7, 1960 Debate transcript
The second presidential debate between Vice President Richard Nixon and Senator John F. Kennedy took place on Friday, October 7, 1960, at the WRC-TV studios in Washington, D.C. The debate was moderated by Frank McGee of NBC with Paul Niven, Edward P. Morgan, Alvin Spivak and Harold R. Levy as panelists. Questions were related to internal American matters, foreign relations, economy, etc. The format decided was:
No opening or closing statements
Each questioned in turn with optional rebuttal
October 13: Third presidential debate (ABC studios, Los Angeles and New York City)
Third presidential debate 150 60 minutes 1960 10 13 ABC studios in Los Angeles (Nixon)ABC studios in New York City (Kennedy) Los Angeles, California (Nixon)New York City, New York (Kennedy) Richard NixonJohn F. Kennedy Bill Shadel of ABC October 13, 1960 Debate transcript
The third presidential debate between Vice President Richard Nixon and Senator John F. Kennedy took place on Thursday, October 13, 1960, were held virtually at the ABC studios in Los Angeles, California (for Nixon) and New York City, New York (for Kennedy). The debate was moderated by Bill Shadel of ABC with Frank McGee, Charles Von Fremd, Douglass Cater and Roscoe Drummond as panelists. To ensure fairness, the journalists (who were in Los Angeles) and Nixon were placed in separate studios. All participants addressed the camera directly, with Kennedy and Nixon both situated without aides in studios that Shadel described as "identical in every detail." A major topic of the debate was whether military force should be used to prevent Quemoy and Matsu, two island archipelagos off the Chinese coast, from falling under Communist control, as had seemed possible during the 1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis.October 13, 1960, Debate Transcript The format decided was:
No opening or closing statements
Each questioned in turn with two and a half minutes to answer
One and a half minute rebuttals optional
This debate was considered a "monumental step for television".August 2026
October 21: Fourth presidential debate (ABC studios, New York City)
Fourth presidential debate 150 Kennedy Nixon debate New York 1960.jpg 60 minutes 1960 10 21 ABC studios New York City, New York Richard NixonJohn F. Kennedy Quincy Howe of ABC October 21, 1960 Debate transcript
The fourth and final presidential debate between Vice President Richard Nixon and Senator John F. Kennedy took place on Friday, October 21, 1960, at the ABC studios in New York City, New York. The debate was moderated by Quincy Howe of ABC with Frank Singiser, John Edwards, Walter Cronkite and John Chancellor as panelists. Questions were related to Foreign affairs. The format decided was:
Eight minute opening statements
Each questioned in turn with two and a half minutes to answer
One and a half minute rebuttal
Three minute closing statements.
See also
Richard Nixon 1960 presidential campaign
John F. Kennedy 1960 presidential campaign
1960 United States presidential election
References
Works cited
Books
Donaldson Gary The First Modern Campaign Kennedy, Nixon, and the Election of 1960 Rowman & Littlefield 2007 9780742547995 2007004168 22757375M
Pietrusza David 1960 LBJ vs. JFK vs. Nixon The Epic Campaign that Forged Three Presidencies Union Square Press 2008 9781402761140 20964234M
Other sources
1960 Debates https://www.debates.org/debate-history/1960-debates/#sept-26-1960 September 4, 2021 Commission on Presidential Debates 1960 Debates
September 26, 1960 Debate Transcript https://www.debates.org/voter-education/debate-transcripts/september-26-1960-debate-transcript/ September 4, 2021 Commission on Presidential Debates September 26, 1960, Debate Transcript
October 7, 1960 Debate Transcript https://www.debates.org/voter-education/debate-transcripts/october-7-1960-debate-transcript/ September 4, 2021 Commission on Presidential Debates October 7, 1960, Debate Transcript
October 13, 1960 Debate Transcript https://www.debates.org/voter-education/debate-transcripts/october-13-1960-debate-transcript/ September 4, 2021 Commission on Presidential Debates October 13, 1960, Debate Transcript
October 21, 1960 Debate Transcript https://www.debates.org/voter-education/debate-transcripts/october-21-1960-debate-transcript/ September 4, 2021 Commission on Presidential Debates October 21, 1960, Debate Transcript
Shafer Ronald G. October 15, 2020 Trump refused to debate virtually. But Nixon did and got the best of JFK The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2020/10/15/kennedy-nixon-virtual-debate-trump-biden/ subscription September 4, 2021
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