1955 Zheduotang earthquake

April 1955 earthquake in Sichuan, China the 1955 Yuzha earthquake which affected Sichuan in September 1955 Zheduotang earthquake 29.957 101.759 inline,title China Sichuan 1955-04-14 01:29:04 889422 iscgem889422 April 14, 1955 09:29:02 CST 10 km 7.0 w yes7.1 s yes Xianshuihe fault system Strike-slip Sichuan, China 9X Yes 70 dead The 1955 Zheduotang earthquake, also known as the Kangding earthquake occurred on April 14 at 09:29:02 local time near the city of Kangding in the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan. The earthquake had a moment magnitude of 7.0 and a surface wave magnitude of 7.1 and struck at a depth of 10 km.M 7.1 - 19 km WSW of Kangding, China https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem889422/executive earthquake.usgs.gov U.S. Geological Survey 5 December 2021 Severe damage occurred in Kangding with the loss of 70 lives. Tectonic setting Western Sichuan is situated at the edge of the Tibetan Plateau in a vast zone of complex continental deformation caused by the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate. As the thrusting of the Indian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate along the Himalayas continues, the continental crust within the Eurasian Plate is actively uplifted and thickened, forming the Tibetan Plateau. As there are no active thrust structures within the plateau, compression is accommodated by strike-slip motion along large structures including the Altyn Tagh Fault, Kunlun Fault, Haiyuan Fault and Xianshuihe fault system. Left-lateral strike-slip motion squeezes the crustal blocks of the Tibetan Plateau outwards, forcing it to move eastwards. Meanwhile, the strike-slip motion also results in east–west extension of the plateau, causing normal faults to break within the thickened crust.J. R. Elliott R. J. Walters P. C. England J. A. Jackson Z. Li B. Parsons Extension on the Tibetan plateau: recent normal faulting measured by InSAR and body wave seismology Geophysical Journal International 2010 183 2 503–535 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04754.x 2010GeoJI.183..503E 134590278 free Weijun Gan Peizhen Zhang Zheng-Kang Shen Zhijun Niu Min Wang Yongge Wan Demin Zhou Jia Cheng Present-day crustal motion within the Tibetan Plateau inferred from GPS measurements Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 2007 112 B8 10.1029/2005JB004120 American Geophysical Union 2007JGRB..112.8416G free The Xianshuihe fault system is a 1,400-km-long active left-lateral strike-slip fault that accommodate the strike-slip motion in the Tibetan Plateau. The fault is one of the largest active intracontinental geological structure in the world. Beginning in 1893, at least 350 km of the fault length has ruptured in large successive earthquakes with magnitudes 6.5 or larger.Eleftheria Papadimitriou Xueze Wen Vassilios Karakostas Xueshen Jin Earthquake Triggering along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Western Sichuan, China Pure and Applied Geophysics 2004 161 8 1683–1707 10.1007/s00024-003-2471-4 2004PApGe.161.1683P 129325246 Going back to the year 1700 to present-day, the fault has ruptured its entire 1,400 km length during large earthquakes.Mingkun Bai Marie-Luce Chevalier Jiawei Pan Anne Replumaz Philippe Hervé Leloup Marianne Métois Haibing Li Southeastward increase of the late Quaternary slip-rate of the Xianshuihe fault, eastern Tibet. Geodynamic and seismic hazard implications Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2018 485 19–31 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.12.045 2018E&PSL.485...19B Earthquake The earthquake specifically ruptured the Zheduotang Fault; a segment of the Xianshuihe fault system. The left-lateral strike-slip rupture mechanism is consistent with movement along the fault system. A 43-km-long surface rupture is associated with the mainshock. In a November 2020 study published in the academic journal Geological Journal, the moment magnitude of the mainshock was evaluated at 7.0 w. Previous studies have placed the surface wave and moment magnitudes at 7.5.Bing Yan Maomao Wang Dong Jia Jian Cui Investigation and magnitude re-evaluation of the 1955 Zheduotang earthquake, eastern Tibetan Plateau, China Geological Journal 2020 55 11, Special Issue: Neotectonics: Active Tectonics and Paleo-environmental Change in Western China 7272–7284 10.1002/gj.3628 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gj.3628 Wiley Online Library 2020GeolJ..55.7272Y 202921614 subscription Coulomb stress transfer after the 1955 earthquake increased seismic strain on the adjacent Selaha Fault, also part of the Xianshuihe fault system. In 2014, an earthquake measuring magnitudes 5.9 ruptured the Selaha Fault, releasing some of the strain.Bing Yan Shinji Toda Aiming Lin Coulomb Stress Evolution History as Implication on the Pattern of Strong Earthquakes along the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault System, China Journal of Earth Science 2018 29 2 427–440 10.1007/s12583-018-0840-2 2018JEaSc..29..427Y 134947507 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12583-018-0840-2 1674-487X subscription Since the 1955 quake, the Zheduotang Fault has accumulated enough strain to generate a magnitude 6.5–6.8 earthquake with the potential to cause severe destruction.Marie-Luce Chevalier Mingkun Bai Shiguang Wang Jiawei Pan Philippe Hervé Leloup Anne Replumaz Kaiyu Li Qiong Wu Fucai Liu Haibing Li Jinjiang Zhang Late Quaternary slip-rates along the Moxi and Zheduotang segments of the SE Xianshuihe fault, eastern Tibet, and geodynamic implications Ess Open Archive ePrints 2021 105 10.1002/essoar.10505744.1 https://zenodo.org/record/4417417 ESSOAr 2021esoar.10505744C 234134468 Damage Many landslides were triggered and the ground fissured. Natural springs erupted water intensely or dried up. Spring water discolored after the quake. A total of 624 homes and temples were destroyed and 1,083 were damaged in Kangding. At least 70 people died and 217 were injured.大灾无情！盘点历史上四川发生的10余次7级以上地震 The catastrophe is merciless! Inventory of more than 10 earthquakes of magnitude 7 and above that occurred in Sichuan in history http://www.chengdumingxiao.com/share?type=1&id=8022 chengdumingxiao.com 5 December 2021 Chinese 10 August 2017 9 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185248/http://www.chengdumingxiao.com/share?type=1&id=8022 dead Walls around the city toppled. Approximately 90% of the city's wooden-frame or adobe-constructed structures were destroyed. There were more than 30 landslides recorded, many of which blocked roads. In Luding County, shabby homes collapsed. Bridges, dams and ravines were seriously damaged or collapsed.Significant Earthquake Information https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/4070# ngdc.noaa.gov NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information 5 December 2021 Landslides affected an area of 4,416 km2.X. L. Chen Q. Zhou H. Ran R. Dong Earthquake-triggered landslides in southwest China Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2012 12 2 351–363 10.5194/nhess-12-351-2012 2012NHESS..12..351C free See also List of earthquakes in 1955 List of earthquakes in China List of earthquakes in Sichuan References External links 889422 Category:Earthquakes in Sichuan Category:1955 earthquakes Category:1955 in China Category:Kangding Category:April 1955 in Asia