1999 Atlantic hurricane season

none Atl 1999 1999 Atlantic hurricane season summary.png June 11, 1999 November 23, 1999 Floyd 921 135 1 16 12 8 5 177 775 total 8780 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 Timeline of the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season 1999 Pacific typhoon season 1999 Pacific hurricane season 1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1999 Atlantic hurricane season was a very active, destructive and deadly season in which 16 tropical cyclones formed. Among them, 12 became named storms, of which 8 became hurricanes. Five hurricanes intensified further into major hurricanes.A major hurricane is one that reaches Category 3 intensity or higher on the Saffir–Simpson scale "nb" The season featured a record-tying five Category 4 hurricanes. This high activity is mostly due to a persistent La Niña that developed in the latter half of the previous year. The season officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first storm, Arlene, formed on June 11 to the southeast of Bermuda. It meandered slowly for a week and caused no impact on land. Other tropical cyclones that did not affect land were Hurricane Cindy, Tropical Storm Emily, and Tropical Depression Twelve. Localized or otherwise minor damage occurred from Hurricanes Bret, Gert, and Jose, and tropical storms Harvey and Katrina. The most significant storm of the season was Hurricane Floyd, a strong Category 4 hurricane that caused devastating flooding along the East Coast of the United States, especially in North Carolina. Damage from the storm totaled approximately $6.5 billion (1999 USD)All damage figures are in 1999 USD, unless otherwise noted "nb" and there were at least 77 fatalities, making it the deadliest hurricane in the United States since Hurricane Agnes in 1972. Flooding from Floyd in North Carolina followed Hurricane Dennis, a slow and erratic–moving storm that dropped heavy rainfall in the eastern portion of the state. Tropical Depression Eleven in October contributed to extreme flooding in Mexico, which left 636 people dead and caused $491.3 million in damage, though impact could not be distinguished from the storm itself. Hurricane Irene caused extensive flooding in Cuba and Florida, with lesser effects in the Bahamas and North Carolina. Irene was the second–costliest storm of the season, with about $800 million in damage. Hurricane Lenny was an unusual eastward–moving storm in the Caribbean Sea and a strong late–season storm. It caused extensive damage in the Lesser Antilles in the month of November. Collectively, the storms of the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season caused at least 775 fatalities and $8.78 billion in losses. Seasonal forecasts +Predictions of tropical activity in the 1999 seasonSourceDateNamedstormsHurricanesMajorhurricanesRefAverage (1981–2010) 12.1 6.4 2.7 Climate Prediction Center http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outlooks/background_information.shtml Background Information: The North Atlantic Hurricane Season National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9 August 2012 College Park, Maryland 11 April 2013Record high activity30157†North Atlantic Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/index.php?arch&loc=northatlantic Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 19 July 2023Record low activity10†0†CSUDecember 4, 19981494http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/forecast_verifications.xls Forecast Verifications 2011 Colorado State University 9 May 2013 XLS Fort Collins, Colorado https://web.archive.org/web/20131214201025/http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/forecast_verifications.xls 14 December 2013 deadWRCEarly 1999106N/Ahttp://www.wxresearch.com/outlook/2008wrcvsco.pdf Comparison of Weather Research Center's OCSI Atlantic Annual Seasonal Hurricane Forecasts with Colorado State Professor Bill Gray's Seasonal Forecast Jill F. Hasling 1 May 2008 Weather Research Center 9 May 2013 Houston, Texas 18 July 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110718124747/http://www.wxresearch.com/outlook/2008wrcvsco.pdf deadCSUApril 7, 19991494TSRJune 1, 19991272https://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSUNAMI-ATL_7-12-99.pdf Summary of 1999 Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Season and Verification of Authors' Seasonal Forecasts 7 December 1999 Tropical Storm Risk 3 8 September 2016 London, EnglandCSUJune 4, 19991494CSUAugust 6, 19991494Actual activity 1285† Most recent of several such occurrences. (See all) Ahead of and during each hurricane season, various national meteorological services, scientific agencies, and noted hurricane experts issue forecasts of hurricane activity. These include forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Hurricane and Climate Prediction Center's, William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University (CSU), as well as Weather Research Center (WRC) and Tropical Storm Risk (TSR), then known as TSUNAMI. The forecasts include weekly or monthly assessments of the significant factors that help determine the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular year. Gray and his team at CSU issued their initial season outlook on December 4, 1998, predicting fourteen named storms, nine hurricanes, and four major hurricanes. The three main factors for this above average season forecast cited included a continuation of abnormally warm sea surface temperatures, the probability that La Niña conditions would remain, and that the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) winds would be in a westerly phase.http://tropical.colostate.edu/media/sites/111/2016/07/1998-12.pdf Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and U.S. Landfall Strike Probability for 1999 William M. Gray Christopher W. Landsea Paul W. Mielke, Jr. Kenneth J. Berry 4 December 1998 Colorado State University 9 September 2016 Fort Collins, Colorado https://web.archive.org/web/20030910125045/http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/forecasts/1999/fcst99/ 10 September 2003 Early in 1999, WRC issued its forecast for the season, projecting ten named storms and six hurricanes, but no prediction on the number of major hurricanes. In subsequent outlooks from Gray and his associates in April, June, and August, the predictions were unchanged. On April 7, CSU noted that the probability of a major hurricane landfall in the United States was 72%, including a 54% chance on the East Coast and a 40% likelihood on the Gulf Coast.http://tropical.colostate.edu/media/sites/111/2016/07/1999-04.pdf Early April Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and U.S. Landfall Strike Probability for 1999 William M. Gray Christopher W. Landsea Paul W. Mielke, Jr. Kenneth J. Berry 7 April 1999 Colorado State University 9 September 2016 Fort Collins, Colorado 24 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160924071113/http://tropical.colostate.edu/media/sites/111/2016/07/1999-04.pdf dead In their outlook on May 27, experts at NOAA noted that an above average season was a strong possibility. An addition to a La Niña, vertical wind shear would be decreased across much of the Caribbean Sea and tropical Atlantic Ocean, and a favorable jet pattern for tropical waves to develop into tropical cyclones.http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outlooks/hurricane1999/May/hurricane.html June–November Atlantic Hurricane Outlook 27 May 1999 Climate Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2 April 2016 Camp Springs, Maryland On June 1, TSR predicted that there would be 12 named storms, 7 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. As stated by NOAA and CSU, an average Atlantic hurricane season between 1981 and –2010 contains roughly 12 tropical storms, 6 hurricanes, 3 major hurricanes, and an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) Index of 66–103 units. NOAA typically categorizes a season as either above-average, average, of below-average based on the cumulative ACE Index; however, the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a hurricane season is considered occasionally as well.Philip J. Klotzbach William M. Gray 10 December 2008 Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and U.S. Landfall Strike Probability for 2009 Colorado State University 1 January 2009 http://hurricane.atmos.colostate.edu/Forecasts/2008/dec2008/dec2008.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20090505202212/http://hurricane.atmos.colostate.edu/forecasts/2008/dec2008/dec2008.pdf 5 May 2009 Fort Collins, Colorado live Seasonal summary thumb|right|250px|Hurricanes Floyd (left) and Gert (right) pictured on September 13 The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1999, and the first tropical cyclone developed on June 11. It was an above–average season in which 16 tropical cyclones formed.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1999.pdf Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1999 Miles B. Lawrence Lixion A. Avila Jack L. Beven James L. Franklin John L. Guiney Richard J. Pasch December 2001 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5 April 2016 Miami, Florida Twelve depressions attained tropical storm status, and eight of these became hurricanes. Five hurricanes intensified further into major hurricanes. The season featured a record-tying five Category 4 hurricanes,http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s425c.htm Atlantic Hurricane 1999 Season Summary 10 May 2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5 April 2016 Silver Spring, Maryland later tied again in 2005 and 2020.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/2005.pdf Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005 John L. Beven II Lixion A. Avila Eric S. Blake Daniel P. Brown James L. Franklin Richard D. Knabb Richard J. Pasch Jamie R. Rhome Stacy R. Stewart March 2008 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5 April 2016 Miami, Florida dead https://web.archive.org/web/20080910002905/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/2005.pdf 10 September 2008 These were Bret, Cindy, Floyd, Gert, and Hurricane Lenny. The last storm of the season, Hurricane Lenny, dissipated on November 23, which was about a week before the official season ending on November 30, 1999. A persistent La Niña that developed during the previous season was attributed to the above average activity.http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensoyears.shtml Cold and Warm Episode by Season 6 July 2015 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Prediction Center 20 July 2015 College Park, Maryland Between August and October, there was very low wind shear over the Caribbean Sea and western Atlantic Ocean, attributed to a combination of abnormal upper-level easterly winds and low-level westerly winds.http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/assessments/assess_99/name.html Regional Climate Highlights - North America Climate Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 11 May 2000 5 April 2016 Six hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall during the season and caused at least 123 deaths and approximately $8.19 billion in damage. Hurricane Gert also caused damage and fatalities, despite not making landfall.Mata a 3 coletazo de ' Bret ' El Norte 25 August 1999 1 es Evacuan a 7 familias en Apodaca El Norte 26 August 1999 16 es National Weather Service in Houston-Galveston, Texas National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 20 June 2008 12 June 2009 Hurricane Bret (August 1999) http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20080411143121/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99.htm 11 April 2008 dead AL051999_Dennis Jack L. Beven Preliminary Report: Hurricane Dennis National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 10 January 2000 20 July 2015 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/nws-nhc-6.pdf The deadliest, costliest and most intense United States tropical cyclones from 1851 to 2010 (and other frequently requested hurricane facts) 47 20 July 2015 10 August 2011 NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-6 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Eric S. Blake Christopher W. Landsea Ethan J. Gibney National Climatic Data Center and National Hurricane Center http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremeevents/specialreports/Climate-Watch-September-1999.pdf Climate-Watch, September 1999 2–3 20 July 2015 2 March 2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~371449 Event Record Details: High Wind 22 April 2010 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center https://www.webcitation.org/5pBHcVFdV?url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~371449 22 April 2010 dead Environment Canada 14 September 2010 Gert-1999 12 May 2021 http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=228623AD-1 https://web.archive.org/web/20120901233332/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=228623AD-1 1 September 2012 Miles B. Lawrence Preliminary Report: Hurricane Gert 22 July 2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL091999_Gert John L. Guiney Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Harvey 9 December 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL101999_Harvey http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=EEFDF050-1 1999-Harvey 14 September 2010 Environment Canada 12 May 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20120901233440/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=EEFDF050-1 1 September 2012 Mary Miranda 15 October 1999 Four Dead or Missing; Thousands Evacuated as a Result of Irene Cuba Free Press 20 July 2015 http://www.cubafreepress.org/art2/cubap991015f.html Lixion A. Avila Preliminary Report: Hurricane Irene 12 November 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL131999_Irene http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~372396 Event Record Details: Hurricane 22 April 2010 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center https://web.archive.org/web/20061114172331/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~372396 14 November 2006 live John Zarrella Jeff Flock 15 October 1999 Hurricane Irene pulls plug on 700,000 utility customers CNN 28 June 2006 http://www.cnn.com/US/9910/15/irene.07/ https://web.archive.org/web/20060109021110/http://www.cnn.com/US/9910/15/irene.07/ 9 January 2006 dead Richard J. Pasch Preliminary Report: Hurricane Jose 22 December 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL141999_Jose http://reliefweb.int/report/anguilla/hurricane-jose-post-impact-situation-report-2 Hurricane Jose Post Impact Situation Report #2 21 October 1999 Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency ReliefWeb 10 January 2013 Wendy Griffin Honduras This Week National 29 November 1999 27 June 2009 Heavy rains wreak havoc on North Coast http://www.marrder.com/htw/nov99/national.htm Tegucigalpa, Honduras https://web.archive.org/web/20130317131252/http://www.marrder.com/htw/nov99/national.htm 17 March 2013 AL161999_Lenny Preliminary Report: Hurricane Lenny John L. Guiney 22 February 2000 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 20 July 2015 Miami, Florida PDF International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies ReliefWeb 18 November 1999 Eastern Caribbean: Hurricane Lenny Information Bulletin No. 3 20 July 2015 http://reliefweb.int/node/56796 US Agency for International Development ReliefWeb Northeastern Caribbean Hurricane Lenny Fact Sheet #1, FY 2000 23 November 1999 20 July 2015 http://reliefweb.int/node/56742http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/2000/summ9908.htm Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary August 1999 Gary Padgett 10 March 2015 Overall, the season's activity was reflected with a high cumulative accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 177.Hurricane Research Division; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration March 2011 Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT 9 May 2013 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Comparison_of_Original_and_Revised_HURDAT_mar11.html Virginia Key, Florida ACE is, broadly speaking, a measure of the power of the hurricane multiplied by the length of time it existed, so storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. It is only calculated for full advisories on tropical systems at or exceeding 34 kn mph km/h or tropical storm strength.David Levinson 20 August 2008 2005 Atlantic Ocean Tropical Cyclones National Climatic Data Center National Hurricane Center 9 May 2013 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html Asheville, North Carolina 1 December 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20051201033336/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html dead Systems Tropical Storm Arlene Atl Arlene 06-13-1999 1215Z.png Arlene 1999 path.png June 11 June 18 50 1006 Along a diffuse front, a broad area of low pressure in association with an upper-level low was noted several hundred miles northeast of Puerto Rico on June 8. After the circulation reformed within the area of stronger convection, the NHC estimated that Tropical Depression One developed at 18:00 UTC on June 11 about 535 mi km on southeast of Bermuda. Initially, the system resembled a subtropical cyclone, due to its frontal characteristics. The nascent depression drifted northward for 24 hours, and during this time, it strengthened and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Arlene at 12:00 UTC on June 12, based on Dvorak satellite classifications. The storm intensified further to its peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on June 13, with estimated maximum sustained winds of 60 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 1006 mbar inHg on on, based on ship reports and satellite. Subsequently, weakening due to westerly wind shear, Arlene tracking westward on June 13 and turned northwest the following day. Because the steering current became poorly defined, it drifted starting on June 15, and executed a small cyclonic loop later that day. At 00:00 UTC on June 17, Arlene was downgraded to a tropical depression. Later that day, it passed about 115 mi km on east of Bermuda,AL011999_Arlene Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Arlene James L. Franklin National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 7 July 1999 10 March 2015 Miami, Florida where gale-force winds and abnormally high tides were observed.https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1957&dat=19990620&id=xWtGAAAAIBAJ&pg=6136,4741245&hl=en Earthweek: A Diary of the Planet 20 June 1999 The Daily Gazette 29 3 May 2016 The depression weakened further due to decreasing sea surface temperatures and dissipated early on June 18. Tropical Depression Two Atl Tropical Depression Two1999.jpg 02L 1999 path.png July 2 July 3 30 1004 A tropical wave crossed the west coast of Africa on June 20. As the wave moved into the western Caribbean Sea on June 30, a broad cyclonic turning was noted. The system moved over the Yucatán Peninsula on July 1, a day before emerging into the Bay of Campeche as a weak low pressure area. Later on July 2, deep convection became more organized while the system was centered over the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. By 18:00 UTC, the low developed into Tropical Depression Two. Around 04:00 UTC on July 3, the depression made landfall about 40 mi km on south-southeast of Tuxpan, Veracruz, with winds of 35 mph km/h on. Eight hours later, it dissipated over the mountains of Mexico.Brief Information about Tropical Depression Two AL021999_Two Jack L. Beven PDF National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 20 January 2000 10 March 2015 Miami, Florida The depression dropped heavy rain on the area amounting to a maximum of 20.37 in mm on at Tanzabaca, San Luis Potosí. In some areas, up to 12.49 in mm on of precipitation fell in 24 hours. Hurricane Bret Atl Bret 08-22-1999 1431Z (cropped).png Bret 1999 path.png August 18 August 25 125 944 Hurricane Bret Late on August 18, a tropical wave in the Bay of Campeche spawned Tropical Depression Three. The depression drifted and was initially hampered by wind shear. By late on August 19, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Bret amid more favorable atmosphere conditions. Bret then moved generally northward and strengthened into a hurricane early on August 21. Bret strengthened significantly over the next 36 hours, peaking as a 145 mph km/h on Category 4 hurricane with a minimum barometric pressure of 944 mbar inHg on on August 22. Thereafter, the storm began to weaken while curving west-northwestward. At 00:00 UTC on August 23, Bret made landfall in central Padre Island, Texas, as a Category 3 hurricane with winds of 115 mph km/h on. After moving inland, the storm weakened quickly, falling to tropical depression status on August 24. Early the following day, Bret dissipated near the border of Coahuila and Chihuahua.Miles B. Lawrence Todd B. Kimberlain National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 26 February 2001 10 March 2015 Preliminary Report: Hurricane Bret AL031999_Bret Miami, Florida Bret was a small tropical cyclone that made landfall in a sparsely–populated region of Texas, resulting in relatively little damage. Heavy rainfall in the area peaked at 13.18 in mm on in Sarita. At least 200 homes and large agricultural fields were flooded in Duval County.http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-0F1FDFAD-2788-43D0-912C-8F9DE23FB89A.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena with Late Reports and Corrections 41 8 Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 166 10 March 2015 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20150310035351/http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-0F1FDFAD-2788-43D0-912C-8F9DE23FB89A.pdf 10 March 2015 0039-1972 Strong winds left approximately 64,000 people without electricity in South Texas.http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=9308 Hurricane Bret Disaster Update 24 August 1999 Federal Emergency Management Agency 10 March 2015 Washington, D.C. https://web.archive.org/web/20040314155715/http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=9308 14 March 2004 Four people died after a truck and a tractor collided near Laredo due to slick roads. In Mexico, the storm brought flooding to Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Tamaulipas,Vive Matamoros alerta permanente El Norte 24 August 1999 16 es with an estimated 14 in mm on of rain falling in Nuevo Leon. Numerous homes in the affected regions were damaged or destroyed, leaving roughly 150 people homeless.Pierden todo en una hora El Norte 27 August 1999 18 es Three people died in Mexico – one was trampled to death during evacuation, another was electrocuted, and the third drowned.Mata a 3 coletazo de ' Bret ' El Norte 25 August 1999 1 esEvacuan a 7 familias en Apodaca El Norte 26 August 1999 16 es Overall, the storm caused $15 million in damage.National Weather Service in Houston-Galveston, Texas National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 20 June 2008 12 June 2009 Hurricane Bret (August 1999) http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20080411143121/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99.htm 11 April 2008 dead Houston, Texas Hurricane Cindy Atl Cindy 1999-08-28 1145Z.png Cindy 1999 path.png August 19 August 31 120 942 On August 18, a tropical wave moved westward off the coast of Africa. With low pressures and gradually organizing convection, Tropical Depression Four developed west of Senegal early on August 19.John L. Guiney Preliminary Report: Hurricane Cindy 9 December 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 13 March 2015 AL041999_Cindy PDF Miami, Florida Initially it failed to intensify due to wind shear, and the center became ill-defined on August 20.Brian R. Jarvinen Tropical Depression Four Discussion Number 6 20 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.006.html Miami, Florida TXT After passing south of Cape Verde,Brian R. Jarvinen Tropical Depression Four Advisory Number 6 20 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/pub/PAL0499.006.html Miami, Florida TXT the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Cindy as the convection became concentrated around the center.Jack L. Beven Tropical Storm Cindy Discussion Number 8 20 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.008.html Miami, Florida TXT Due to a strong ridge, Cindy moved westward, before turning northwestward by August 21.Richard J. Pasch Tropical Storm Cindy Discussion Number 10 21 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.010.html Miami, Florida TXT Banding features gradually increased as outflow improved,B. Max Mayfield Tropical Storm Cindy Discussion Number 11 21 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.011.html Miami, Florida TXT and late on August 21, Cindy became a hurricane.Brian R. Jarvinen Hurricane Cindy Advisory Number 13 22 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/pub/PAL0499.013.html Miami, Florida TXT Afterward, increased wind shear dislocated the convection from the center,Brian R. Jarvinen Hurricane Cindy Discussion Number 14 22 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.014.html Miami, Florida TXT which weakened Cindy to a tropical storm.Lixion A. Avila Tropical Storm Cindy Discussion Number 16 22 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.016.html Miami, Florida TXT By August 23, high wind shear remained, and the storm's winds decreased to 60 mph km/h on.James L. Franklin Tropical Storm Cindy Discussion Number 17 23 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.017.html Miami, Florida TXT The shear decreased on August 24, and the convection increased over the center.B. Max Mayfield Tropical Storm Cindy Discussion Number 25 25 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.025.html Miami, Florida TXT By late on August 25, Cindy regained hurricane status. A ragged eye appeared on satellite imagery on August 27,James L. Franklin Hurricane Cindy Discussion Number 35 27 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.035.html Miami, Florida TXT and early the next day it attained major hurricane status.Brian R. Jarvinen Hurricane Cindy Discussion Number 37 28 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0499.037.html Miami, Florida TXT Cindy turned north-northwestward, now showing a well-defined eye, and reached Category 4 intensity with winds of 140 mph km/h on on August 28.James L. Franklin Hurricane Cindy Discussion Number 40 28 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/pub/PAL0499.040.html Miami, Florida TXT Turning northward, the storm remained at peak intensity until August 30, when prominent wind shear weakened Cindy again. On August 31, Cindy was downgraded to a tropical storm,Brian R. Jarvinen Tropical Storm Cindy Advisory Number 50 30 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/pub/PAL0499.050.html Miami, Florida TXT and later that day it merged with a large extratropical storm northwest of the Azores. Hurricane Dennis Atl Dennis 1999-08-29 2155Z.jpg Dennis 1999 path.png August 24 September 7 90 962 Hurricane Dennis (1999) Tropical Depression Five developed from a tropical wave about 220 mi km on east of the Turks Islands on August 23. On the following day, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Dennis despite unfavorable westerly shear, which became a hurricane by August 26. After striking the Abaco Islands in the Bahama, conditions improved, allowing for Dennis to strengthen into a Category 2 by August 28. Around this time, Dennis began to move parallel to the Southeastern United States. Early on August 30, the storm peaked with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 962 mbar inHg on. By the following day, steering currents collapsed and the storm interacted with a cold front, causing Dennis to move erratically offshore North Carolina. Wind shear and cold air associated with the front weakened Dennis to a tropical storm on September 1 and removed some of its tropical characteristics. Eventually, warmer ocean temperatures caused some re-strengthening. By September 4, Dennis turned northwestward and made landfall in Cape Lookout, North Carolina, as a strong tropical storm. The storm slowly weakened inland, before transitioning into an extratropical cyclone over western New York on September 7.AL051999_Dennis Jack L. Beven Preliminary Report: Hurricane Dennis National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 10 January 2000 20 July 2015 In the Bahamas, Dennis produced moderate winds, rain, and storm surge on San Salvador, Crooked Island, Eleuthera, and Abaco Islands, resulting in damage to roofs and coastal properties.http://www.bahamasweather.org.bs/index.php?page=storm-history https://web.archive.org/web/20110716143622/http://www.bahamasweather.org.bs/index.php?page=storm-history dead 16 July 2011 Tropical Cyclones which affected the Bahamas The Bahamas Meteorological Department 21 July 2015 Dennis brought 6 - 8 ft m on waves to the east coast of Florida, causing minor erosion and four drowning deaths. The waves left severe erosion and coastal flooding along the Outer Banks of North Carolina. An 8 ft m on deep channel created along Highway 12 isolated three towns on Hatteras Island.http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-22980252.html https://web.archive.org/web/20140714224300/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-22980252.html usurped 14 July 2014 Dennis Forcing Residents To Flee Estes Thompson 1 September 1999 The Columbian Associated Press 11 March 2016 HighBeam Research subscription Nags Head, North Carolina In Carteret, Craven, and Dare counties, the storm damaged at least 2,025 homes and businesses to some degree.Governor, officials view storm's damage firsthand Elizabeth A. Davis 6 September 1999 Associated Press The Herald-Sun A1 Buxton, North Carolina NewsBank.com Heavy rainfall, peaking at 19.91 in mm on at Ocracoke, fell in eastern North Carolina. Although the precipitation was generally beneficial due to drought conditions, it also damaged crops. Two indirect deaths occurred in Richlands during a weather-related car accident.http://azdailysun.com/hurricane-dennis-heading-out-to-sea/article_afc91b44-6253-5bc5-8a81-cccf33c456e5.html Hurricane Dennis heading out to sea Allen G. Breed 29 August 1999 Associated Press Arizona Daily Sun 11 March 2016 Atlantic Beach, North Carolina Similar inland flooding occurred in northern and eastern Virginia, with precipitation reaching 10.21 in mm on near Lawrenceville. A tornado in Hampton severely damaged five apartment complexes, three of which were condemned completely, as well an assisted living facility; about 460 people were forced to evacuate from the buildings, and as many as 800 vehicles may have been damaged. Overall damage in North Carolina and Virginia totaled about $157 million. Generally minor flooding occurred in the Mid-Atlantic and New England. Tropical Storm Emily Atl Emily 08-25-1999 1715Z.png Emily 1999 path.png August 24 August 28 45 1004 A tropical wave ahead of Hurricane Cindy exited the west coast of Africa on August 15. Minimal development occurred initially, although the structure gradually organized as it approached the Windward Islands. By 06:00 UTC on August 24, the NHC estimated that a tropical depression developed about 470 mi km on east-northeast of Tobago. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Emily six hours later. At 1800 UTC on August 24, Emily attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 1004 mbar inHg on.AL061999_Emily Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Emily Lixion A. Avila 30 September 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 13 March 2015 Miami, Florida The NHC did not initiate advisories until 2100 UTC, when a reconnaissance aircraft observed winds of 63 mph km/h on in association with the small circulation of Emily. The agency initially predicted that the storm would intensify into a hurricane near the Windward Islands.Lixion A. Avila Tropical Storm Emily Advisory Number 1 24 August 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 10 May 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0699.001.html Miami, Florida TXT Increased wind shear generated by Hurricane Cindy caused Emily to weaken slightly on August 25. Emily began moving slowly northwestward and progressively became more influenced by Cindy, developing occasional convective bursts. Later on August 26, the movement turned northward, well offshore the Lesser Antilles. Eventually, the storm no longer produced convective bursts, and by 12:00 UTC on August 28, Emily weakened to a tropical depression. Six hours later, the storm was absorbed into Cindy northeast of the Leeward Islands. Tropical Depression Seven Atl 07L 1999-09-06 1315Z.jpg 07L 1999 path.png September 5 September 7 30 1006 Interaction between a strong monsoon-type flow and a tropical wave in the Bay of Campeche resulted in the development of Tropical Depression Seven on September 5. By 00:00 UTC on September 6, the depression attained maximum sustained winds of 35 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 1006 mbar inHg on.AL071999_Seven Preliminary Report: Tropical Depression Seven Lixion A. Avila 17 October 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 13 March 2015 Miami, Florida Shortly thereafter, the center of circulation of the depression became difficult to locate, but was likely heading north-northwestward. Due to warm ocean temperatures, the SHIPS model predicted further intensification, despite the storm having almost no deep convection and being close to land.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0799.002.html Tropical Depression Seven Discussion Number 2 Miles B. Lawrence 5 September 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 14 July 2011 Miami, Florida TXT At 12:00 UTC on September 6, the depression made landfall near La Pesca, Tamaulipas, with winds of 35 mph km/h on. The depression quickly weakened inland, and dissipated about twenty-four hours after landfall. Due to forecasts that the depression would strengthen to a tropical storm, the government of Mexico issued a tropical storm warning for Tampico to Matamoros, Tamaulipas. The storm caused heavy rainfall in Mexico, with as much as 17.43 in mm on falling in Ciudad Mante in the state of Tamaulipas. In Texas, the depression produced light rainfall, peaking at 3.35 in mm on in Harlingen.http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td7of1999.html Tropical Depression #7 - September 3-10, 1999 David M. Roth 1 May 2009 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Prediction Center 13 March 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20110725063451/http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td7of1999.html 25 July 2011 live College Park, Maryland Hurricane Floyd Atl Floyd 1999-09-13 1215Z.png Floyd 1999 path.png September 7 September 17 135 921 Hurricane Floyd Effects of Hurricane Floyd in Florida Effects of Hurricane Floyd in North Carolina Effects of Hurricane Floyd in New Jersey A westward moving tropical wave developed into a tropical depression while located about 1,000 mi km on east of the Lesser Antilles on September 7. The depression strengthened and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Floyd on the following day. Floyd became a hurricane on September 10, while curving northwestward, before the storm resumed its initial west-northwestward course late on the following day. Significant intensification occurred on September 12 and September 13. At 12:00 UTC on the latter date, Floyd peaked with maximum sustained winds of 155 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 921 mbar inHg on. Thereafter, the storm began weakening while approaching the Bahamas, decreasing to Category 3 intensity at 06:00 UTC on September 14. Six hours later, Floyd made landfall near Alice Town on Eleuthera with winds of 120 mph km/h on, around the time that the cyclone began moving north-northwestward. Shortly before striking the Abaco Islands at 19:00 UTC, the hurricane re-intensified into a Category 4 hurricane. Early on September 15, Floyd weakened to a Category 3 hurricane and passed 110 mi km on offshore Florida. Floyd weakened to a Category 2 hurricane late on September 15, while re-curving to the north-northeast. At 16:30 UTC on September 16, Floyd made landfall near Cape Fear, North Carolina, with winds of 105 mph km/h on. Thereafter, the storm rapidly weakened and was a tropical storm by early on the following day. Floyd moved along the coasts of the Delmarva Peninsula and New Jersey, before striking Long Island in New York early on September 17. Shortly thereafter, Floyd transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while interacting with a frontal zone over Maine.Richard J. Pasch Todd B. Kimberlain Stacy R. Stewart 9 September 2014 Preliminary Report: Hurricane Floyd National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL081999_Floyd In the Bahamas, a combination of strong winds and storm surge destroyed numerous restaurants, hotels, shops, and homes,Agence France-Presse 16 September 1999 Battered Bahamas start difficult clean-up in Floyd's wake ReliefWeb 13 March 2016 http://reliefweb.int/report/bahamas/battered-bahamas-start-difficult-clean-floyds-wake and left tens of thousands without water, electricity, and food. One death was reported.Rick Graef The Abacos' Hurricane Floyd Information Pages Relief and Rebuilding Reports and Updates Go-Abacos.Com 27 January 2000 13 March 2016 http://www.go-abacos.com/storm/ https://web.archive.org/web/20010512140201/http://www.go-abacos.com/storm/ dead 12 May 2001 Although millions of people in Florida evacuated, damage was relatively minor. The outer bands of Floyd produced up to 3.2 in mm on of rain and tropical storm force winds. As a result, hundreds of trees were downed, which damaged at 467 houses, and several hotels and businesses. Impact in Georgia and South Carolina was minor. North Carolina bore the brunt of the storm. Heavy precipitation fell in the eastern portion of the state, peaking at 24.06 in mm on near Southport. Numerous rivers experienced at least 500-year floods, causing extensive flooding. About 7,000 homes were destroyed and an additional 56,000 suffered damage, of which 17,000 houses were left uninhabitable. At the height of the storm, more than 500,000 people lacked electricity. Thirty-five fatalities and about $4 billion in damage occurred in North Carolina.http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremeevents/specialreports/Climate-Watch-September-1999.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160304010101/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremeevents/specialreports/Climate%2DWatch%2DSeptember%2D1999.pdf Climate-Watch, September 1999 2–3 20 July 2015 2 March 2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center dead 4 March 2016 Flooding in Virginia damaged about 182 businesses and 9,250 houses, and left about 12 ft m on of standing water in Franklin. There were three deaths and $101 million in losses.http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/roth/valate20hur.htm Late Twentieth Century Virginia Hurricanes David M. Roth Hugh Cobb 1 March 2007 National Weather Service Office Wakefield, Virginia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 3 March 2014 Camp Springs, Maryland In Maryland, flooding damaged at least 694 homes, impacted numerous bridges and roads, and left over 250,000 residents without power. Similar effects occurred in Delaware, with at least 171 houses damaged and numerous roads being inundated or washed out. In Pennsylvania, flash flooding affected over 10,000 homes and left more than 500,000 people without electricity. Losses reached $60 million and there were 13 deaths in the state. The storm also caused significant impact in New Jersey, where 3,978 homes, 1,358 apartments, and 1,758 businesses were destroyed or suffered major damage. Six deaths occurred in the state. New York, New England, and Atlantic Canada also experienced flooding, but to a much lesser degree.http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=96268C73-1 1999-Floyd 14 September 2010 Environment Canada 12 May 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20130611082240/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=96268C73-1 11 June 2013 In New York City, Floyd dropped 5.02 in mm on of rainfall at the Central Park observatory, setting a daily record for precipitation on September 16.https://www.weather.gov/media/okx/Climate/CentralPark/GreatestDailyPrecip.pdf 9 May 2021 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service in New York City, New York Greatest Daily Precipitation at Central Park (1869 to Present) 12 May 2021 Overall, Floyd caused about $6.5 billion in damage and 73 fatalities. Hurricane Gert Atl Gert 1999-09-15 1715Z.png Gert 1999 path.png September 11 September 23 130 930 On September 10, a tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa and continued west-northwestward due to a subtropical ridge to its north. Due to the development of a low-level circulation and convective banding, the wave became a tropical depression at 12:00 UTC on September 11 to the south of the Cape Verde islands.Miles B. Lawrence Preliminary Report: Hurricane Gert 22 July 2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 20 July 2015 AL091999_Gert After increases in intensity, banding features, and outflow improvement,Lixion A. Avila 12 September 1999 Tropical Storm Gert Discussion 5 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.005.html the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Gert on September 12. Warm ocean temperatures and an anticyclone aloft allowed Gert to reach hurricane intensity by the following day.Lixion A. Avila 12 September 1999 Tropical Storm Gert Discussion 6 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.006.htmlRichard J. Pasch 13 September 1999 Tropical Storm Gert Discussion 7 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.007.html Early on September 15, Gert attained major hurricane strength, as it developed well-defined outflow around a central dense overcast.James Franklin 15 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion Fifteen National Hurricane Center 25 May 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.015.htmlLixion Avila 15 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion Eighteen National Hurricane Center 26 May 2011 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.018.html Early on September 16, Gert reached peak winds of 150 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 930 mbar inHg on, based on satellite-estimates. This made Gert a Category 4 hurricane. At the time, it was located about 720 mi (1160 km) east-northeast of Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles. An eyewall replacement cyclone and increasing wind shear caused it to weaken on September 18,Jack L. Beven 16 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion 20 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.020.htmlRichard J. Pasch 18 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion 27 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.027.html but Gert re-strengthened to a Category 4 hurricane on September 19. Dry air and colder sea surface temperatures caused the hurricane to weaken again, and by September 21, Gert fell to Category 2 status.James L. Franklin 20 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion 36 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.036.htmlJames L. Franklin 22 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion 44 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.044.html That day, the hurricane passed about 135 mi km on east of Bermuda. Accelerating northeastward under the influence of an approaching trough,Richard J. Pasch 21 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Discussion 42 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.042.html Gert weakened to a tropical storm on September 23 after convection decreased around the center. By 12:00 UTC on September 23, convection diminished enough that the storm transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while situated about 55 mi km on southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland.Richard J. Pasch 23 September 1999 Tropical Storm Gert Discussion 49 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 11 March 2016 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL0999.049.html About six hours later, the remnants of Gert were absorbed by a larger extratropical storm. For several days, Gert threatened to strike Bermuda, prompting the evacuation of tourists. Before Gert passed by the island, officials closed two schools and converted them to emergency shelters. Police workers advised 700 families to leave their houses. Cruise lines diverted ships away, while hundreds of tourists took flights to leave the island.Associated Press Raymond Hainey 22 September 1999 Hurricane Gert Takes Aim at Bermuda 11 March 2016 http://www.greatdreams.com/gert99.htm Hamilton, Bermuda Wind gusts on Bermuda reached 87 mph km/h on, while sustained winds peaked at 80 mph (130 km/h). Gert also dropped light rainfall of around 0.53 in mm on. Rough surf battered the island, resulting in extensive beach erosion. Natural Arches were damaged, and part of a house collapsed into the sea.World: Americas: Hurricane Gert wreaks havoc in Bermuda 22 September 1999 BBC News 21 June 2009 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/454284.stm Approximately 12,000 residents temporarily lost power.Hurricane Gert spares Bermuda 22 September 1999 The Royal Gazette 23 January 2026 Gareth Finighan https://www.royalgazette.com/other/news/article/20110210/hurricane-gert-spares-bermuda/ Several roads were flooded, and the intense winds downed trees.Enid Henry What's Doing in; Bermuda 10 October 1999 The New York Times 21 June 2009 https://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/10/travel/what-s-doing-in-bermuda.html In Maine, a rogue wave generated by Gert killed two people at Acadia National Park after sweeping them out to sea. Seas in the area generally ran 3 to 5 ft m on above normal.Staff Writer Two die when swept into ocean by high waves 20 September 1999 Associated Press 1 June 2011 https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/21/us/national-news-briefs-2-die-as-waves-sweep-them-from-maine-shore.html Along the coast of Newfoundland, Gert produced wave heights of 30 ft (9 m). In St. Bride's along the Avalon Peninsula, a large wave severely damaged a wharf, destroying five boats and damaging 45 others. The wave swept three people into the ocean, hospitalizing one of them. The wharf required $2 million (1999 CAD, $1.9 million 1999 USD) in repairs, forcing its closure. Further west, high waves damaged a fish plant in Lord's Cove.Environment Canada 14 September 2010 Gert-1999 12 May 2021 http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=228623AD-1 https://web.archive.org/web/20120901233332/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=228623AD-1 1 September 2012 Gale-force winds extended across southeastern Newfoundland. The winds downed trees and caused power outages, primarily in the St. John's area. St. John's International Airport canceled several flights. Tropical Storm Harvey Atl Harvey 1999-09-20 1740Z.png Harvey 1999 path.png September 19 September 22 50 994 Tropical Storm Harvey (1999) A tropical wave that emerged into the Atlantic from the west coast of Africa on September 4 reached the Gulf of Mexico by September 18. Following an increase in convection, the system became a tropical depression at 06:00 UTC on September 19. The depression initially tracked due northward and strengthened into Tropical Storm Harvey by early on September 20. Harvey gradually intensified further and 24 hours after the upgrade, the storm peaked with winds of 60 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 994 mbar inHg on. Thereafter, no significant change in intensity occurred before the storm made landfall in Everglades City, Florida, late on September 21. Harvey then accelerated across Florida and by early on September 22, merged with a developing extratropical low while located near Grand Bahama.John L. Guiney Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Harvey 9 December 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF Miami, Florida National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL101999_Harvey The remnants reached Atlantic Canada before dissipating on September 24. In Florida, precipitation peaked at 10.24 in mm on in Naples. As a result, at least 34 houses and businesses were flooded. There were sporadic reports of tropical storm-force winds throughout the state,http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-1627DEBB-4DF1-4B5D-8872-8966CC52451F.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena with Late Reports and Corrections National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 41 9 22–24, 28–29, 47, 49, 51–52, 55, 66, 68–70, 72–74, 99, 102–103, 108, 127–128 11 March 2016 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20160311060540/http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-1627DEBB-4DF1-4B5D-8872-8966CC52451F.pdf dead 11 March 2016 0039-1972 as well as two tornadoes, neither of which caused left severe impact. Damage estimates in Florida reached about $15 million. Throughout the rest of the United States, impact was limited, confined to light rainfall in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Heavy precipitation was reported in Atlantic Canada, with 11.89 in mm on of rain falling in Oxford, Nova Scotia, making Harvey the wettest tropical cyclone or remnants on record in that country. Significant flooding, especially to roads and houses, was reported throughout Atlantic Canada, with damage totaling at least $7.6 million.http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=EEFDF050-1 1999-Harvey 14 September 2010 Environment Canada 12 May 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20120901233440/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=EEFDF050-1 1 September 2012 Tropical Depression Eleven Atl 11L 1999-10-04 2015Z.png 11L 1999 path.png October 4 October 6 30 1002 October 1999 Mexico floods Until a westward moving tropical wave reached the western Caribbean Sea on September 30, minimal organization occurred. The system eventually emerged into the Gulf of Mexico and developed into Tropical Depression Eleven on October 4. Weak steering current caused the depression to drift slowly and erratically, with the depression initially heading southward, before curving northwest. A surface trough over the central and eastern Gulf of Mexico prevented significant strengthening. The depression remained below tropical storm intensity, attaining its peak intensity on October 5, with maximum sustained winds of 35 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 1002 mbar inHg on.John L. Beven Preliminary Report: Tropical Depression Eleven 1 December 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL111999_Eleven While approaching the Gulf Coast of Mexico, the depression was absorbed by the surface trough at 18:00 UTC on October 6. The depression and its remnants contributed significantly to the October 1999 Mexico floods, bring up to 43.23 in mm on of rain to Jalacingo, Veracruz.http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td11of1999.html Tropical Depression #11 – September 30-October 9, 1999 David M. Roth 16 June 2007 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Prediction Center 14 July 2011 College Park, Maryland Throughout Mexico, 90,000 houses were damaged or destroyed,Government of Mexico 18 October 1999 Mexico: Overview of support given to flood victims ReliefWeb 11 May 2016 http://reliefweb.int/report/mexico/mexico-overview-support-given-flood-victims leaving about 500,000 people homeless.Government of Mexico 18 October 1999 Mexico: Reports on the measures implemented by the Federal Government to aid communities affected by rain ReliefWeb 11 May 2016 http://reliefweb.int/report/mexico/mexico-reports-measures-implemented-federal-government-aid-communities-affected-rain-2 and more than 400 people dead.Lawrence Miles B. Avila Lixion A. JBeven Jack L. Franklin James L. Guiney John L. Pasch Richard J. Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1999 Monthly Weather Review 129 12 December 2001 3057–3084 American Meteorological Society 10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<3057:AHSO>2.0.CO;2 2001MWRv..129.3057L freeNorris Fran H. Baker Charlene K. Murphy Arthur D. Kaniasty Krzysztof 2005 Social support mobilization and deterioration after Mexico's 1999 flood: Effects of context, gender, and time American Journal of Community Psychology 36 1–2 15–28 10.1007/s10464-005-6230-9 16134042 10889621 https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/A_Murphy_Social_2005.pdf 23 July 2020 Society for Community Research and Action Flooding caused thousands of landslides and 39 rivers to overflow, leading to the destruction of bridges, houses,María Teresa Váquez Conde José Lugo Lucía Guadalupe Matías Coping with Flash Floods 2001 Heavy Rainfall Effects in Mexico During Early October 1999 289–296 Eve Gruntfest John Handmer Kluwer Academic Publishers The Netherlands 9780792368250 11 May 2016 https://books.google.com/books?id=pwsczTbbY9sC&q=hurricane+hilda+1955+-1964&pg=PA289 widespread crop fields,Oxfam ReliefWeb 29 October 1999 Oxfam Emergency Briefing: Mexico Floods 11 May 2016 http://reliefweb.int/report/mexico/oxfam-emergency-briefing-mexico-floods schools,José Lugo-Hubp José Juan Zamorano-Orozco Lucia Capra Moshe Inbar Irasema Alcántara-Ayala Los procesos de remoción en masa en la Sierra Norte de Puebla, octubre de 1999: Causa y efectos Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 22 2 2005 es http://satori.geociencias.unam.mx/22-2/(6)Lugo.pdf 11 May 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20070928004335/http://satori.geociencias.unam.mx/22-2/(6)Lugo.pdf 28 September 2007 dead and electrical networks.Government of Mexico 13 October 1999 Report on the advances made to offset the emergency caused by the rains ReliefWeb 11 May 2016 http://reliefweb.int/report/mexico/report-advances-made-offset-emergency-caused-rains Flooding also extended into Central America in late September through early October, causing $40 million (385 million pesos) in crop damage and 70 deaths.Save the Children SCF: Central America floods 12 October 1999 http://reliefweb.int/report/honduras/scf-central-america-floods 11 May 2016 However, impact by the depression itself cannot be distinguished. Tropical Depression Twelve Atl 12L 1999-10-06 1815Z.png 12L 1999 path.png October 6 October 8 30 1007 On September 30, a tropical wave emerged into the Atlantic Ocean from the west coast of Africa. It slowly began to organize during the next several days and by early on October 6, developed into Tropical Depression Twelve while located about 1075 mi km on east of Martinique.James L. Franklin Preliminary Report: Tropical Depression Twelve 9 November 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 20 July 2015 AL121999_Twelve Due to an anticyclone, conditions appeared favorable for significant strengthening, with the National Hurricane Center predicting the depression to be at least a strong tropical storm by October 9.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1299.001.html Tropical Depression Twelve Discussion Number 1 Lixion A. Avila 6 October 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 7 July 2012 TXT Miami, Florida However, wind shear began undercutting the anticyclone,http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1299.003.html Tropical Depression Twelve Discussion Number 3 Jack L. Beven 6 October 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 7 July 2012 Miami, Florida TXT which prevented any significant intensification. Later on October 6, the low-level circulation became exposed to the west of the deep convection.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1299.004.html Tropical Depression Twelve Discussion Number 4 Jack L. Beven 6 October 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 7 July 2012 TXT Miami, Florida The depression never re-organized and instead deteriorated in structure due to shearing. Despite a burst in convection on October 8,http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1299.011.html Tropical Depression Twelve Discussion Number 11 James L. Franklin 8 October 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hurricane Center 18 December 2012 TXT Miami, Florida the depression dissipated at 18:00 UTC while located about 875 mi km on east-northeast of Barbuda. Hurricane Irene Atl Irene 1999-10-18 1531Z.png Irene 1999 path.png October 12 October 19 95 958 Hurricane Irene (1999) A broad trough of low pressure developed into a tropical depression while south of the Isle of Youth on October 12. It headed north and soon intensified into Tropical Storm Irene. On October 14, the storm passed over the Isle of Youth and western Cuba. While over the Straits of Florida, Irene reached hurricane strength. The next day, it made landfall in Key West, Florida, and again near Cape Sable. Later on October 15, Irene moved back over water near Jupiter as a minimal hurricane. It slowly strengthened as it paralleled the East Coast of the United States. When Irene interacted with a trough from the west, while over the warm Gulf Stream waters, the hurricane rapidly intensified and attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds 110 mi/h km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 958 mbar inHg on on October 18. However, after accelerating northeast, Irene weakened over the cooler waters of the North Atlantic. On October 19, the hurricane transitioned into an extratropical cyclone near Newfoundland and was absorbed by an extratropical low shortly thereafter.Lixion A. Avila Preliminary Report: Hurricane Irene 12 November 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL131999_Irene Irene dropped heavy rainfall throughout its path, especially in Cuba and Florida. Rainfall on Cuba peaked at 35.6 in mm on in Manaca-Iznaga,Alejandro Bezanilla January 2000 Cyclone Season of 1999 on the North Atlantic Ocean SOMETCUBA Bulletin Cuban Meteorological Society 14 July 2011 http://www.met.inf.cu/sometcuba/boletin/v06_n01/english/season4.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20110716144238/http://www.met.inf.cu/sometcuba/boletin/v06_n01/english/season4.htm 16 July 2011 dead while the rest of the island reported more than 7 in mm on. Flooding resulted from the heavy rains, damaging more than 27,000 homes and causing significant effects to banana plantations and sugar cane fields.CubaNet News 1999 Cuba revela nuevas cifras de daños causados por huracán Irene es 14 July 2011 http://www.cubanet.org/CNews/y99/oct99/25o12.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20110616061117/http://www.cubanet.org/CNews/y99/oct99/25o12.htm 16 June 2011 dead Hurricane forces winds were also reported in Havana. Four fatalities were reported.BBC News Hurricane Irene lashes Cuba 14 July 2011 https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/475441.stm 15 October 1999Mary Miranda 15 October 1999 Four Dead or Missing; Thousands Evacuated as a Result of Irene Cuba Free Press 14 July 2011 http://www.cubafreepress.org/art2/cubap991015f.html The storm brought flooding to Florida, particularly the southern portion of the state, where 17.45 in mm on of rain fell in Boynton Beach. Hundreds were displaced from their homes and thousands were isolated. Five people died from walking through electrified water after a power line fell, while three others drowned after unintentionally driving their vehicle into a canal. Total damage in Florida was around $800 million. The hurricane left five deaths in the Bahamas, one direct and four indirect.Abaco Journal on the World Wide Web 1999 The Year in Review 28 June 2006 http://www.oii.net/Journal/jan00/year.shtml https://web.archive.org/web/20050321202905/http://www.oii.net/Journal/jan00/year.shtml 21 March 2005John Zarrella Jeff Flock 15 October 1999 Hurricane Irene pulls plug on 700,000 utility customers Cnn 28 June 2006 http://www.cnn.com/US/9910/15/irene.07/ https://web.archive.org/web/20060109021110/http://www.cnn.com/US/9910/15/irene.07/ 9 January 2006 dead Miami, Florida Irene also contributed slightly to ongoing flood problems in North Carolina in the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd. Hurricane Jose Atl Jose 10-20-1999 1515Z.png Jose 1999 path.png October 17 October 25 85 979 Hurricane Jose (1999) On October 17, a tropical wave entered the Atlantic on October 8 and developed into a tropical depression while located 700 mi km on east of the Windward Islands. The depression strengthened and by early on October 18, it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Jose. Intensification continued as Jose tracked west-northwestward and Jose reached hurricane status late on October 19. The storm became a Category 2 hurricane, though unfavorable conditions weakened it back. Later on October 21, Jose began moving through the Lesser Antilles as a Category 1 and fell to tropical storm intensity before reentering the Atlantic later that day. While north of Puerto Rico on October 22, Jose re-curved northeastward. The storm eventually began to accelerate and re-strengthen, reaching hurricane status again on October 24. After twelve hours as a hurricane, colder sea surface temperatures weakened Jose to a tropical storm on October 25, shortly before it became extratropical.Richard J. Pasch Preliminary Report: Hurricane Jose 22 December 1999 Miami, Florida National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 AL141999_Jose The worst of the effects from Jose occurred in Antigua and Barbuda, as winds up to 102 mph km/h on were reported. About 500 houses and a newly built church were destroyed. About 50% of residents were left without water and 90% of people experienced power outages.Caribbean Hurricane Network http://stormcarib.com/hurr99c.htm Hurricane Jose Tropical Cyclone Update Lixion A. Avila 20 October 1999 13 March 2015 Overall, twelve people were injured, one fatality occurred, and an elderly blind man was listed as missing.http://www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/99/3199.pdf Antigua and Barbuda: Hurricane Jose Margareta Wahlström George Weber 3 November 1999 International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies 13 March 2015 Flooding in Saint Kitts and Nevis washed out several major roads and caused landslides. Additionally, one person was killed during the storm. In Sint Maarten, mudslides and flooding damaged houses and roads, especially those in low-lying areas. Nearly 15 in mm on of rain and winds up to 100 mph km/h on in Anguilla left roads impassable and power outages, and damaged houses, crops, and shipping facilities.http://www.world-weather-travellers-guide.com/anguilla-weather.html Historical Tropical Cyclone (Hurricane) Information for Anguilla from 1955-2000 World-Weather-Travellers-Guide.com 13 March 2015 Strong winds and heavy rainfall in Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands caused extensive power outages and minor damage, estimated at $40,000. Overall, losses from the storm was less than $5 million.http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-C6FBADC3-B17E-4C08-97C5-78BEB5A618D9.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena with Late Reports and Corrections 41 10 Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 56 and 63 13 March 2015 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20150313023647/http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-C6FBADC3-B17E-4C08-97C5-78BEB5A618D9.pdf 13 March 2015 0039-1972 Tropical Storm Katrina Atl Katrina 1999-10-29 1915Z.png Katrina 1999 path.png October 28 November 1 35 999 The remnants of a cold front moved southward through the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, leading to a broad low pressure area forming by October 26. The pulsing thunderstorms and circulation organized into Tropical Depression Fifteen on October 28, located about 175 mi (280 km) east of Bluefields, Nicaragua.Miles B. Lawrence Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Katrina 30 November 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PDF National Hurricane Center 20 July 2015 Miami, Florida AL151999_Katrina Although wind shear displaced the circulation from the thunderstorms, the depression also developed rainbands, a sign of intensification. Late on October 29, the NHC upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Katrina, based on gale-force winds recorded by the Hurricane Hunters. Soon thereafter, Katrina moved ashore eastern Nicaragua near Puerto Cabezas with peak winds of 40 mph (65 km/h) around 00:00 UTC on October 30.John Guiney 29 October 1999 Tropical Depression Fifteen Discussion Four http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1599.004.html 11 August 2009 National Hurricane Center It quickly weakened to a depression over land as it moved northwestward. Roughly 24 hours after landfall, Katrina re-emerged over water into the Gulf of Honduras, after its circulation reformed.Jack Beven 31 October 1999 Tropical Depression Katrina Discussion Ten http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1599.010.html 11 August 2009 National Hurricane Center However, there was little remaining thunderstorms, and Katrina failed to re-intensify before making landfall again near the northern Belize–Mexico border on October 31. Although forecasters noted the potential for re-intensification over the Gulf of Mexico,Brian Jarvinen 31 October 1999 Tropical Depression Katrina Discussion Eleven http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/1999/dis/NAL1599.011.html 11 August 2009 National Hurricane Center Katrina dissipated on November 1 off the northern coast of the Yucatán Peninsula, where it was absorbed by another cold front. Upon the storm's formation, tropical storm warnings were issued for the coast of Nicaragua, as well as the San Andrés islands of Colombia shortly afterward. Roughly 1,200 people were evacuated to emergency shelters in Honduras. The storm dropped torrential rainfall across Central America, estimated between 10 and 15 in mm on, which affected areas devastated by Hurricane Mitch the year prior. However, there was little flooding and only minor landslides.Staff Writers 6 November 1999 Katrina a very short-lived storm https://www.usatoday.com/weather/huricane/1999/atlantic/wkatrina.htm dead https://web.archive.org/web/19991128054545/https://www.usatoday.com/weather/huricane/1999/atlantic/wkatrina.htm 28 November 1999 27 June 2009 USA Today The flooding also damaged five bridges in Honduras, and the cities of Tocoa and Trujillo were isolated as the Aguán and Siline rivers overflowed their banks.Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 7 November 1999 2 March 2013 Honduras - Floods OCHA - Situation Report No. 7 http://reliefweb.int/report/honduras/honduras-floods-ocha-situation-report-no7 Geneva, Switzerland Katrina also destroyed water pipes that were replaced after Mitch, worth HNL 170,000 (US$9,000).Wendy Griffin Honduras This Week National 29 November 1999 27 June 2009 Heavy rains wreck[sic] havoc on North Coast http://www.marrder.com/htw/nov99/national.htm Tegucigalpa, Honduras https://web.archive.org/web/20130317131252/http://www.marrder.com/htw/nov99/national.htm 17 March 2013 Between October 30 and November 1, the remnants of Katrina produced widespread moderate rainfall across the Yucatan Peninsula, peaking at 6.32 in mm on in Cunduacán.David M. Roth 2009 Tropical Storm Katrina - October 28-November 1, 1999 http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/katrina1999.html 28 June 2009 Hydrometeorological Prediction Center Moisture from the remnants of the storm enhanced rainfall across southern Florida in association with the cold front that absorbed the system.David Ballingrud 2 November 1999 Front likely to break up Katrina's remnants http://www.sptimes.com/News/110299/Weather/Front_likely_to_break.shtml 27 June 2009 St. Petersburg Times Hurricane Lenny Atl Lenny 1999-11-17 1815Z (cropped).png Lenny 1999 path.png November 13 November 23 135 933 Hurricane Lenny A low pressure area developed into a tropical depression about 175 mi km on south of the Cayman Islands at 18:00 UTC on November 13. The depression began to move in an unusual eastward track across the Caribbean Sea along the southern periphery of a trough and strengthened into Tropical Storm Lenny on the following day. It attained hurricane status south of Jamaica on November 15 and passed south of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico over the next few days. Beginning on November 16, Lenny underwent rapid deepening, becoming a major hurricane early on November 17 while south of the Mona Passage. Later that day, Lenny peaked as a Category 4 hurricane with winds of 155 mph km/h on and a minimum pressure of 933 mbar inHg on while near Saint Croix. It gradually weakened due to wind shear while moving through the Leeward Islands, where it struck Saint Martin, Anguilla, and Saint Barthélemy. The system weakened to a tropical storm on November 19. After clearing the islands, Lenny deteriorated to a tropical depression on November 21 and dissipated on November 23, while located about 690 mi km on east of the Lesser Antilles.AL161999_Lenny Preliminary Report: Hurricane Lenny John L. Guiney 22 February 2000 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 20 July 2015 Miami, Florida PDF Before moving through the Lesser Antilles, Lenny produced rough surf that killed two people in northern Colombia. Strong winds and rainfall resulted in heavy crop damage in southeastern Puerto Rico. Lenny brought more heavy rains to areas in the Leeward Islands that had been affected by Hurricane Jose just one month earlier, and brought more damage to areas struck by Hurricane Georges in 1998.San Juan, Puerto Rico National Weather Service Office Preliminary Storm Report on Hurricane Lenny November 16–19, 1999 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 20 July 2015 http://www.srh.noaa.gov/sju/?n=1999_lenny San Juan, Puerto Rico Despite the hurricane's passage near Saint Croix at peak intensity, damage on the small island was only described as "moderate", although there was widespread flooding and erosion. Damage in the United States territories totaled about $330 million. The highest precipitation total was 34.12 in mm on at the police station on the French side of Saint Martin. On the island, the hurricane killed three people and destroyed more than 200 properties.International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies ReliefWeb 18 November 1999 Eastern Caribbean: Hurricane Lenny Information Bulletin No. 3 20 July 2015 http://reliefweb.int/node/56796 In nearby Antigua and Barbuda, the hurricane killed one person;US Agency for International Development ReliefWeb Northeastern Caribbean Hurricane Lenny Fact Sheet #1, FY 2000 23 November 1999 20 July 2015 http://reliefweb.int/node/56742 torrential rainfall there contaminated the local water supply. Significant storm damage occurred as far south as Grenada, where high surf isolated towns from the capital city.USAID 17 April 2000 Hurricane Lenny Recovery in the Eastern Caribbean 20 July 2015 http://www.oas.org/cdcm_train/document/lennyspo.doc DOC Storm names Tropical cyclone naming History of tropical cyclone naming List of historical tropical cyclone names The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the north Atlantic in 1999.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/HOPs-1999.pdf 37 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan May 1999 19 January 2024http://ggweather.com/archive/weacornerjul06.htm Weather Corner: All About Hurricanes Null Jan 8 June 1999 San Jose Mercury News 10 April 2024 13 September 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130913052224/http://ggweather.com/archive/weacornerjul06.htm live This was the same list used for the 1993 season as no names were retired from that year.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/1993.pdf 36 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan April 1993 19 January 2024 A storm was named Lenny for the first (and only) time in 1999. Arlene Bret Cindy Dennis Emily Floyd Gert Harvey Irene Jose Katrina Lenny Maria Nate Ophelia Philippe Rita Stan Tammy Vince Wilma Retirement List of retired Atlantic hurricane names The World Meteorological Organization retired the names Floyd and Lenny in the spring of 2000 from the Atlantic hurricane name lists on account of their destructiveness. They were replaced with Franklin and Lee for the 2005 season.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames.shtml https://web.archive.org/web/20030411092257/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames.shtml 11 April 2003 Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Names 4 March 2003 National Hurricane Center 25 September 2011 Season effects This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1999 USD. center 1999 North Atlantic tropical cyclone center storm Arlene June 11 – 18 60 (95) 1006 Bermuda Minimal None depression Two July 2 – 3 35 (55) 1004 Mexico Unknown None cat4 Bret August 18 – 25 145 (230) 944 Central Mexico, Southern United States $15 million 1 (6) cat4 Cindy August 19 – 31 140 (220) 942 Cape Verde, Bermuda None 1 cat2 Dennis August 24 – September 7 105 (165) 962 Lucayan Archipelago, East Coast of the United States, Mid-Atlantic, Atlantic Canada $157 million 6 storm Emily August 24 – 28 50 (85) 1004 None None None depression Seven September 5 – 7 35 (55) 1006 Mexico, Texas Unknown None cat4 Floyd September 7 – 17 155 (250) 921 Lesser Antilles, Lucayan Archipelago, Greater Antilles, Bahamas, Southeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic, Atlantic Canada $6.5 billion 57 (20–30) cat4 Gert September 11 – 23 150 (240) 930 Bermuda, Atlantic Canada $1.9 million 2 storm Harvey September 19 – 22 60 (95) 994 Southeastern United States, Atlantic Canada $22.6 million None depression Eleven October 4 – 6 35 (55) 1002 Eastern Mexico, Central America $491.3 million 636 depression Twelve October 6 – 8 35 (55) 1007 None None None cat2 Irene October 12 – 19 110 (175) 958 Lucayan Archipelago, Greater Antilles, Southeastern United States $800 million 3 (15) cat2 Jose October 17 – 25 100 (155) 979 Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles $5 million 3 storm Katrina October 28 – November 1 40 (65) 999 Central America, Mexico $9,000 None cat4 Lenny November 13 – 23 155 (250) 933 South America, Greater Antilles, Lucayan Archipelago, Lesser Antilles $785.8 million 17 16 June 11 – November 23 155 (250) 921 $8.78 billion 726 (39-49) See also Tropical cyclones Tropical cyclones in 1999 1999 Pacific hurricane season 1999 Pacific typhoon season 1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone season Australian region cyclone season: 1998–99, 1999–2000 South Pacific cyclone season: 1998–99, 1999–2000 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 1998–99, 1999–2000 Notes nb References External links Monthly Weather Review National Hurricane Center 1999 Atlantic hurricane season summary 1990 Atlantic hurricane 1999 Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines Category:Atlantic hurricane seasons