1964 Malaysian general election

none July 2016 July 2016 Malaysia parliamentary 1959 Malayan general election 1959 Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 1st Malayan Parliament 1969 Malaysian general election 1969 104 of the 159 seats in the Dewan Rakyat Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 2nd Malaysian Parliament 53 2,681,895 80.03% 25 April 1964 130x130px Tunku Abdul Rahman 1960.jpg Tunku Abdul Rahman Alliance Party (Malaysia) 51.8%, 74 seats 89 15 1,204,340 58.5% 6.7pp Portrait of Tan Chee Khoon.jpg Tan Chee Khoon Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front 12.9%, 8 seats 2 6 330,898 16.1% 3.2pp Burhanuddin al-Helmy.jpg Burhanuddin al-Helmy Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 21.3%, 13 seats 9 4 301,187 14.6% 6.7pp Lim Chong Eu.jpg Lim Chong Eu United Democratic Party (Malaysia) – 1 New 88,223 4.3pp New Portrait of D.R. Seenivasagam.jpg D. R. Seenivasagam People's Progressive Party (Malaysia) 6.3%, 4 seats 2 2 69,898 3.4% 2.9pp Mr. Lee Kuan Yew Mayoral reception 1965 (3to4).jpg Lee Kuan Yew People's Action Party – 1 New 42,130 2.0% New Prime Minister Prime Minister-designate Tunku Abdul Rahman Alliance Party (Malaysia) Tunku Abdul Rahman Alliance Party (Malaysia) Malaysia election results map 1964.svg 400px General elections were held in Malaysia on Saturday, 25 April 1964, to elect members of the expanded Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Malaysia. These were the first federal elections since the Malaysia Agreement of 1963, which transformed the Federation of Malaya into Malaysia with the addition of Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. However, general elections were not held in these new states at the time. Voting took place in 104 of the 159 parliamentary constituencies, each returning one Member of Parliament (MP).Dieter Nohlen Florian Grotz Christof Hartmann Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific https://books.google.com/books?id=ceNmuQEACAAJ 15 November 2001 OUP Oxford 978-0-19-924959-6 152 State elections were also held on the same day in 282 state constituencies across 11 of Malaysia's 14 states, each electing one Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). The elections resulted in a victory for the Alliance Party, which secured 89 of the 104 contested seats with a voter turnout of 80 percent. Two Alliance candidates were returned uncontested. The outcome is regarded as one of the factors that contributed to the eventual expulsion of Singapore from Malaysia. The Singapore-based People's Action Party (PAP) had contested seats in the peninsula in response to the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) participating in the 1963 Singaporean general election, in breach of a prior agreement not to do so. Although the PAP drew large crowds at its rallies, it only won one seat out of nine contested, with Devan Nair elected at Bangsar.Thor Venessa Flashback Friday: PAP wins 1 seat in Malaysian General Election on April 25, 1964 https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/flashback-friday-pap-wins-1-seat-in-malaysian-general-election-on-april-25-1964 The Straits Times 16 September 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20210116155801/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/flashback-friday-pap-wins-1-seat-in-malaysian-general-election-on-april-25-1964 16 January 2021 en 25 April 2014 Some historians attribute the results to the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA) retaining its position as the "undisputed leader of the Chinese in the Malayan peninsula" to then Minister of Finance and MCA President Tan Siew Sin's appeal to the ethnic Chinese community to refrain from "challenging Malay special rights" and risking closer alignment with Indonesia. Nevertheless, Alliance leaders, particularly within UMNO and the MCA, were angered by the PAP's actions and regarded the party, as well as Lee Kuan Yew's personal appeal among voters, as a threat to their political dominance. As the first parliamentary general election held after the formation of Malaysia in 1963, no elections took place in Singapore, Sabah or Sarawak. Under transitional provisions, voters of these three states are to select their parliamentary representatives at the next election. Together, the three states were allocated 55 seats – 15 for Singapore, 16 for Sabah and 24 for Sarawak – representing 35 percent of the 159 seats in Parliament. This allocation was intended as a check and balance to prevent the passage of constitutional amendments, which required a two-thirds majority, without the consent of representatives from the new states. However, following Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak together held only 28 percent of parliamentary seats (40 out of 144), reducing their ability to block legislation that eroded the special rights granted to them as equal partners at the formation of Malaysia. The share fell further to 25 percent after the 1974 general election and, despite increases in the total number of seats over the years, has remained nearly constant since.Haziq Mahmud Aqil S Bedi Rashvinjeet IN FOCUS: Push for greater autonomy by Sabah and Sarawak is stronger than ever, but will they finally succeed? https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/malaysia-sabah-sarawak-autonomy-ma63-anwar-4595616 CNA 16 September 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240914005429/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/malaysia-sabah-sarawak-autonomy-ma63-anwar-4595616 14 September 2024 en Background In the lead-up to the election, Malaysia was still grappling with the political implications of its recent formation in September 1963. The merger of Malaya with Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak introduced complex federal dynamics and heightened ethnic sensitivities, particularly among Malay nationalists concerned about the demographic impact of Singapore's predominantly Chinese population. These anxieties were intensified by perceptions that the People's Action Party (PAP), led by prime minister of Singapore Lee Kuan Yew, sought to extend its influence into Peninsular Malaysia. United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) leaders, notably prime Minister of Malaysia Tunku Abdul Rahman, viewed this as a direct challenge to Malay political supremacy within the federation.Means Gordon P. Malaysian Politics New York University Press 1970 231–234 9780814704691 The political atmosphere was increasingly polarised along communal lines. The ruling Alliance coalition, although formally multiethnic, was dominated by UMNO and reliant on a formula of ethnic power-sharing that prioritised Malay political leadership. In contrast, opposition parties advanced varied critiques of the Alliance's race-based policies, with Islamist groups appealing to conservative Malay-Muslim sentiment, while leftist movements emphasised class-based inequality and opposed what they perceived as the consolidation of elite interests under the Alliance.Vasil R. K. Politics in a Plural Society: A Study of Non-Communal Political Parties in West Malaysia Oxford University Press Kuala Lumpur 1971 114–118 9780196381275 Tensions were further heightened by the Konfrontasi with Indonesia, which saw President Sukarno opposing the formation of Malaysia as a neo-colonial project. This external threat led the Alliance to campaign on a platform of national unity and anti-communism, portraying dissenting voices as threats to stability. The Internal Security Act (ISA) was used to detain political opponents, curtailing the activities of some left-wing and labour-aligned groups.Cheah Boon Kheng Malaysia: The Making of a Nation Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Singapore 2002 133–137 9789812301543 Results File:Dewan Rakyat 1964 (parties).svg Elected Appointed Total +/– Alliance Party 4 United Malays National Organisation 794578 59 0 59 +7 Malaysian Chinese Association 377969 27 0 27 +8 Malaysian Indian Congress 31793 3 0 3 0 1204340 89 0 89 +15 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 4 Labour Party of Malaya 212546 2 0 2 –4 Parti Ra'ayat 103045 0 0 0 –2 Parti Perhimpunan Kebangsaan 15307 0 0 0 New 330898 2 0 2 –6 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 301187 9 0 9 –4 United Democratic Party 88223 1 0 1 New People's Progressive Party 69898 2 0 2 –2 People's Action Party 42130 1 12 13 New Parti Negara 7319 0 0 0 –1 United Sabah National Organisation   6 6 New Sarawak Heritage Party   6 6 New United National Kadazan Organisation   5 5 New Sarawak People's Front   5 5 New Sabah Chinese Association   4 4 New Sarawak National Party   4 4 New Sarawak Chinese Association   3 3 New Sarawak United Peoples' Party   3 3 New Parti Negara Sarawak   3 3 New Barisan Sosialis   3 3 New United Pasok Momogun Organisation   1 1 New Independents 13509 0 0 0 –3 89104 +55 2720100 Nohlen et al., Singapore Elections, Singapore ElectionsParliament: The results in full 1964-04-27 https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19640427-1.2.39 2025-03-05 The Straits Times 8 enHISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/1964-ELECTION-RESULTS/MALAYSIA_1964_PARLIAMENT_RESULTS.csv at main · TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS https://github.com/TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/blob/main/1964-ELECTION-RESULTS/MALAYSIA_1964_PARLIAMENT_RESULTS.csv 2025-03-20 GitHub enRegistered voters in above table reflects the total number of voters for contested constituencies. Total Electorate including two uncontested constituencies of Muar Selatan and Johore Tenggara is 2763077 By state Johore Alliance Party 3 United Malays National Organisation 123911 11 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 61502 5 0 185413 16 0 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 3 Labour Party of Malaya 50568 0 0 Parti Ra'ayat 6710 0 0 57278 0 0 United Democratic Party 9642 0 New Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 3673 0 0 People's Action Party 2456 0 New 11981 0 334359Above registered voter count represent the constituencies that were contested. Total electorate of Johor is 377336 (inclusive of two uncontested seats of Muar Selatan and Johore Tenggara) Kedah Alliance Party 3 United Malays National Organisation 139169 10 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 29826 2 0 168995 12 0 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 61861 0 0 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 3 Labour Party of Malaya 10012 0 0 Parti Ra'ayat 1782 0 0 11794 0 0 United Democratic Party 3849 0 New 10973 0 336858 Kelantan Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 118770 8 -1 Alliance Party United Malays National Organisation 89710 2 +1 Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front Parti Ra'ayat 414 0 New 8875 0 271731 Malacca Alliance Party 3 United Malays National Organisation 35541 2 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 32357 2 +1 67898 4 +1 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 3 Parti Ra'ayat 16820 0 0 Labour Party of Malaya 10658 0 0 27478 0 0 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 3759 0 0 People's Action Party 3461 0 New 3192 0 125585 Negri Sembilan Alliance Party 4 United Malays National Organisation 41177 3 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 19767 2 0 Malaysian Indian Congress 7911 1 0 68855 6 0 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 3 Labour Party of Malaya 19433 0 0 Parti Ra'ayat 7051 0 0 26484 0 0 United Democratic Party 11487 0 New People's Action Party 5410 0 New People's Progressive Party 1349 0 0 Independents 2578 0 0 5548 0 152114 Pahang Alliance Party 3 United Malays National Organisation 61491 5 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 12832 1 0 74323 6 0 Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front 3 Labour Party of Malaya 6686 Parti Ra'ayat 12310 0 0 18996 0 0 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 11237 0 0 5358 0 141592 Penang Alliance Party 3 United Malays National Organisation 57615 4 +1 Malaysian Chinese Association 39589 2 0 97204 6 +1 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 3 Labour Party of Malaya 42574 1 -2 Parti Ra'ayat 22412 0 0 64986 1 -2 United Democratic Party 37151 1 New Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 5527 0 0 People's Action Party 778 0 New 5902 0 253455 Perak Alliance Party 4 United Malays National Organisation 99122 9 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 113164 8 +3 Malaysian Indian Congress 9855 1 0 222141 18 +3 People's Progressive Party 66330 2 -2 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 41941 0 0 Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front 3 Labour Party of Malaya 18059 0 0 Parti Ra'ayat 14280 0 0 32339 0 United Democratic Party 26094 0 New Independents 10931 0 -1 17344 0 524487 Perlis Alliance Party United Malays National Organisation 23007 2 0 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 13369 0 0 1564 0 46491 Selangor Alliance Party 4 Malaysian Chinese Association 68932 5 +2 United Malays National Organisation 63043 6 +1 Malaysian Indian Congress 14027 1 0 146002 12 +3 Malayan Peoples'Socialist Front 4 Labour Party of Malaya 54556 1 –2 Parti Ra'ayat 16347 0 –2 Parti Perhimpunan Kebangsaan 15307 0 0 86210 1 –4 People's Action Party 30025 1 New Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 6528 0 0 People's Progressive Party 2219 0 0 13581 0 388211 Terrengganu Alliance Party United Malays National Organisation 60792 5 +4 Pan-Malayan Islamic Party 34522 1 -3 Parti Negara 7319 0 -1 Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front Parti Ra'ayat 4919 0 0 4786 0 145217 See also 1964 Malaysian state elections References Citations Sources Smith T. E. Malaysia after the Election The World Today 1964 20 8 351–357 https://www.jstor.org/stable/40393647 0043-9134 Vasil R.K. The 1964 General Elections in Malaya International Studies January 1965 7 1 20–65 10.1177/002088176500700102 External links Sunday Times list of election candidates Category:General elections in Malaysia General Category:Singapore in Malaysia Category:April 1964 in Asia