1893

the episode of Loki 1893 (Loki) March 2011 1893 1893 1893 2 Events January thumb|January 2: standard railroad chronometers. January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America. January 6 – The Washington National Cathedral is chartered by Congress; the charter is signed by President Benjamin Harrison. January 13 The Independent Labour Party of the United Kingdom has its first meeting. U.S. Marines from the USS Boston land in Honolulu, Hawaii, to prevent the queen from abrogating the Bayonet Constitution. January 15 – The Telefon Hírmondó service starts with around 60 subscribers, in Budapest. January 17 – Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii: Lorrin A. Thurston and the Citizen's Committee of Public Safety in Hawaii, with the intervention of the United States Marine Corps, overthrow the government of Queen Liliuokalani. January 21 – The Tati Concessions Land, formerly part of Matabeleland, is formally annexed to the Bechuanaland Protectorate (modern-day Botswana). February February 1 – Thomas Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio in West Orange, New Jersey. February 11–19 – White Star Line cargo liner Naronic sinks without a trace in heavy seas on the Liverpool–New York transatlantic passage. February 23 – Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for the diesel engine. February 24 – The American University is established by an Act of Congress, in Washington, D.C. February 28 – USS Indiana, the first battleship in the United States Navy comparable to other nation's battleships of the time, is launched.Indiana I (Battleship No. 1) https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/i/indiana-battleship-no-1-i.html https://web.archive.org/web/20250401135355/https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/i/indiana-battleship-no-1-i.html April 1, 2025 2025-07-26 www.history.navy.mil en-US live March thumb|March 10: Ivory Coast becomes French colony. March 6 – The Liverpool Overhead Railway opens with 2-car electric multiple units, the first to operate in the world. March 10 – Ivory Coast becomes a French colony. March 20 – In Belgium, Adam Worth is sentenced to 7 years for robbery (he is released in 1897). April April 1 – The rank of Chief Petty Officer is established in the United States Navy. April 6 – The iconic Salt Lake Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is dedicated, after 40 years of construction.https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/locations/temple-square-salt-lake-city-temple Salt Lake Temple April 8 – The first recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, between the Geneva College Covenanters and the New Brighton YMCA. April 17 Belgian general strike of 1893: Riots erupt in Mons; the day after, the Belgian Parliament approves universal male suffrage. The Alpha Xi Delta Sorority is founded at Lombard College in Galesburg, Illinois. May thumb|200px|right|May 1: World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago May 1 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in Chicago, Illinois. The first United States commemorative postage stamps are issued for the event. May 5 – Panic of 1893: A crash on the New York Stock Exchange starts a depression. May 9 – Edison's 1½ inch system of Kinetoscope is first demonstrated in public, at the Brooklyn Institute. May 23 – Gandhi arrives in South Africa, where he will live until 1914, lead non-violent protests on behalf of Indian immigrants in the South African Republic (Transvaal), and develop a deeper experience of such activities. June 4 – The Anti-Saloon League is incorporated, originally as a state organization, in Oberlin, Ohio.George M. Hammell, The Passing of the Saloon: An Authentic and Official Presentation of the Anti-liquor Crusade in America (F.L. Rowe Company, 1908) p193, p414 On December 18, 1895, it becomes a nationwide organization. The same year, the American Council on Alcohol Problems is established, along with the Committee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem. May – The Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland is formed. June June 15 – 1893 German federal election: Small anti-Semitic parties secure 2.9% of the vote. June 17 – Gold is found in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. thumb|200px|right|June 20: Wengernalpbahn railway. June 20 The Wengernalpbahn railway in Wengen, Switzerland (Canton of Bern) is opened. Lizzie Borden is acquitted of the axe murder of her parents in Fall River, Massachusetts in 1892. thumb|200px|right|June 22: British Mediterranean Fleet flagship Victoria sinks. June 22 – The flagship Victoria 1887 of the British Mediterranean Fleet collides with Camperdown 1885 and sinks in 10 minutes; Vice-admiral Sir George Tryon goes down with his ship. June 29 – Unveiling of the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain at Piccadilly Circus in London with its statue of Anteros.The Times London 1893-06-30 11 33991 The Shaftesbury Memorial, Piccadilly-Circus July thumb|200px|right|July 11: Mikimoto develops cultured pearls. July 1 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland is operated on in secret. June 6 Wedding of Prince George, Duke of York, and Princess Mary of Teck: the future King George V of the United Kingdom marries at St James's Palace in London. The small town of Pomeroy, Iowa, is nearly destroyed by a tornado; 71 people are killed and 200 injured. July 11 Liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya leads a successful revolt in Nicaragua. Kōkichi Mikimoto, in Japan, develops the method to seed and grow cultured pearls. July 13 Paknam Incident: Two French Navy ships are fired upon by Siamese cannons stationed at the Paknam Fort, that guards the Chao Phraya River.Martin Stuart-Fox A History of Laos Cambridge University Press 1997 25 Three months later, Siam is forced to cede modern-day Laos to France. Frederick Jackson Turner gives a lecture titled "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" before the American Historical Association in Chicago. Scottish Association football club Dundee F.C. is formed. August 6 August – The Corinth Canal is completed in Greece. August 14 – The world's first driving licenses are introduced in France under the Paris Police Ordinance.https://nationalmotormuseum.org.uk/ufaqs/when-was-the-first-driving-licence-issued/ When was the first driving licence issued? National Motor Museum February 9, 2022 16 August 2023 December 9, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201209110311/https://nationalmotormuseum.org.uk/ufaqs/when-was-the-first-driving-licence-issued/ dead August 15 – The Ibadan area becomes a British protectorate, after a treaty signed by Fijabi, the Baale of Ibadan, with the British acting Governor of Lagos, George C. Denton. August 27 – The Sea Islands hurricane hits Savannah, Georgia, Charleston, South Carolina, and the Sea Islands, killing 1,000–2,000. September September 1 – William Ewart Gladstone's Government of Ireland Bill 1893, intended to give Ireland self-government, is rejected by the U.K. Parliament. September 7 Under pressure of a general strike, the Belgian Federal Parliament enacts general multiple suffrage. Russian monitor Rusalka sinks in a storm in the Gulf of Finland, with the loss of all 177 crew; her hulk is eventually discovered in 2003 off Helsinki. Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, the oldest Italian Association football club, is formed. September 11 – The World Parliament of Religions opens as an adjunct to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago; Bengali Hindu monk Swami Vivekananda receives a standing ovation for his address in response to his welcoming. September 12 – American Temperance University begins classes in Harriman, Tennessee (it closes after 15 years, in May 1908).Paul Hyoshin Kim Jesus of Korea: Savior of the People Fortress Press 2016 75 September 16 – Settlers make a land run for prime land in the Cherokee Strip in Oklahoma. September 19 New Zealand becomes the first country in the world to grant women's suffrage. Swami Vivekananda delivers an inspiring paper at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago. September 21 – Brothers Charles and Frank Duryea drive the first gasoline-powered motorcar in America, on public roads in Springfield, Massachusetts. September 23 – The Baháʼí Faith is first publicly mentioned in the United States, at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago. September 27 – The World Parliament of Religions holds its closing meeting in Chicago. September 28 – The Portuguese sports club Futebol Clube do Porto is founded. October thumb|160px|right| France conquers Laos. October 10 – The first car number plates appear in Paris, France. October 13 The first students enter St Hilda's College, Oxford, England, founded for women by Dorothea Beale. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1893 is signed, as the Kingdom of Siam cedes all of its territories east of the Mekong River to France, creating the territory of Laos."Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1893", in Historical Dictionary of Laos, by Martin Stuart-Fox (Scarecrow Press, 2008) p112 October 14 – A devastating levee collapse, flash flood and landslide hit and damage around Kyushu Island, Shikoku Island and western Honshū in Japan, due to a strong typhoon wind; an official document reports that 2,044 people perish.:ja:明治26年の台風 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on February 12, 2021. October 16 – American sisters Patty Hill and Mildred J. Hill copyright their book Song Stories for the Kindergarten including "Good Morning to All". The melody, by Mildred Hill, is later adapted, without authorization, by Robert H. Coleman as "Good Morning to You!", with the second stanza containing the words to "Happy Birthday to You", leading to a successful copyright lawsuit by the Hill sisters in 1934.James J. Fuld, The Book of World-famous Music: Classical, Popular, and Folk (Courier Corporation, 2000) p267 October 23 – The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) is founded in the town of Thessaloniki. Its aim is to liberate the region of Macedonia from the Ottoman Turks. October 28 (October 16 O.S.) – In Saint Petersburg (Russia), Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky conducts the first performance of his Symphony No. 6 in B minor, Pathétique, nine days before his death. October 30 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, closes. November November 1 – First Matabele War: Battle of Bembezi, British South Africa Company defeats an assault by the Matabele. November 7 – Colorado women are granted the right to vote. November 12 – The Durand Line is established as the boundary between British India and Afghanistan, by a memorandum of understanding signed by Sir Mortimer Durand, Foreign Secretary of British India, and Abdur Rahman Khan, Amir of Afghanistan. November 15 – FC Basel Association football club is founded in Switzerland. November 16 – Athletic club Královské Vinohrady, later Sparta Prague, is founded. November 26 – Arthur Conan Doyle's story "The Adventure of the Final Problem", published in the December dated issue of The Strand Magazine and serialized in Sunday newspapers worldwide, surprises the reading public by revealing that his popular character Sherlock Holmes had apparently died at the Reichenbach Falls on May 4, 1891."The Death of Sherlock Holmes", advertisement in Buffalo (NY) Evening News, November 24, 1893, p1. December December 4 – First Matabele War: The Shangani Patrol of British South Africa Company soldiers is ambushed and annihilated, by more than 3,000 Matabele warriors. December 5 – Plural voting is abolished in New South Wales. December 16 – Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9 (From the New World) receives its premiere at Carnegie Hall, New York City, conducted by the composer, to immediate acclaim. December 20 – Evergreen Park, Illinois, is incorporated. December Mark Twain's Pudd'nhead Wilson begins serialization in The Century Magazine (U.S.) Carl Anton Larsen becomes the first man to ski in Antarctica. Date unknown thumb|200px|Pepsi invented The first recumbent bicycle, the Fautenil Vélociped, is made in France. Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, is incorporated as a town. German physicist Wilhelm Wien formulates Wien's displacement law. TMI Episcopal is founded in San Antonio as "The West Texas School for Boys", quickly changed to "West Texas Military Academy", by Bishop James S. Johnston. Booker T. Washington High School (Houston) is founded as "Colored High", the first African-American high school in Houston, Texas. A 16th century Ardabil Carpet from Persia enters the collection of the South Kensington Museum in London. American pharmacist Caleb Bradham invents the recipe for what later becomes Pepsi. He originally sells it as 'Brad's Drink' at his pharmacy in New Bern, North Carolina. The Girls' Brigade is founded in Dublin, Ireland, origin of the international Christian youth organisation.http://www.gbic.org/History.htm History The Girls' Brigade International Council 2023-03-16 https://web.archive.org/web/20070207121828/http://www.gbic.org/History.htm 2007-02-07 dead By 1893 – 8,000 Chinese have arrived in Cuba. Births January–March 110px|thumb|Soong Ching-ling 110px|thumb|Jimmy Durante 110px|thumb|José María Velasco Ibarra 110px|thumb|Ethel Owen January 1 – Minoru Sasaki, Japanese general (d. 1961) January 5 – Paramahansa Yogananda, Indian guru (d. 1952) January 10 – Vicente Huidobro, Chilean poet (d. 1948) January 12 Hermann Göring, German Nazi official (suicide 1946) Alfred Rosenberg, German Nazi official (executed 1946) January 13 – Roy Cazaly, Australian rules footballer (d. 1963) January 15 – Ivor Novello, Welsh actor, musician (d. 1951) January 22 Ilya Denisov, Russian Greek-Catholic priest (d. 1971) Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943) Frankie Yale, American gangster (k. 1928) January 27 – Soong Ching-ling, one of the Soong sisters, wife of Chinese president Sun Yat-sen (d. 1981) January 28 – Catherine Caradja, Romanian aristocrat, philanthropist (d. 1993) February 3 – Gaston Julia, French mathematician (d. 1978) February 9 – Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1987) February 10 Jimmy Durante, American actor, singer and comedian (d. 1980) Bill Tilden, American tennis player (d. 1953) February 12 – Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981) February 13 – Ana Pauker, Romanian communist politician (d. 1960) February 16 Katharine Cornell, American actress (d. 1974) Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Soviet Army officer (executed 1937) February 19 – Sir Cedric Hardwicke, English actor (d. 1964) February 21 – Andrés Segovia, Spanish guitarist (d. 1987) March 3 – Beatrice Wood, American artist, ceramicist (d. 1998) March 5 – Kōtoku Satō, Japanese general (d. 1959) March 8 – Mississippi John Hurt, American country blues singer, guitarist (d. 1966) (some sources give his year of birth as 1892) March 11 – Wanda Gág, American children's author and artist (d. 1946) March 18 – Wilfred Owen, English soldier, poet (killed in action 1918) March 19 – José María Velasco Ibarra, 24th President of Ecuador (d. 1979) March 24 Walter Baade, German astronomer (d. 1960) Emmy Sonnemann, German actress, second wife of Hermann Göring (d. 1973) Jessie Sanders, American politician and ranch operator (d. 1985) March 26 – Palmiro Togliatti, Italian communist leader (d. 1964) March 27 – Karl Mannheim, German sociologist (d. 1947) March 30 – Ethel Owen, American actress (d. 1997) April–June thumb|110px|Dean Acheson thumb|110px|Joan Miró thumb|110px|Harold Urey thumb|110px|Gillis Grafström thumb|110px|Roy O. Disney April 1 – Cicely Courtneidge, British actress (d. 1980) April 3 – Leslie Howard, English actor (d. 1943) April 5 – Irena Káňová, Slovak politician (d. 1963)Mináč Vladimir https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/6/6a/20231221133542%21PNG_Test.png Slovenský biografický slovník: od roku 833 do roku 1990 1989 Matica slovenská 978-80-7090-070-3 3 32 sk Slovak Biographical Dictionary: From 833 to 1990 April 9 Victor Gollancz, British publisher (d. 1967) Rahul Sankrityayan, Indian historian, writer, scholar (d. 1963) April 11 – Dean Acheson, 51st United States Secretary of State (d. 1971) April 12 – Robert Harron, American actor (d. 1920) April 20 Harold Lloyd, American actor (d. 1971) Joan Miró, Spanish painter, sculptor (d. 1983) Edna Parker, American supercentenarian (d. 2008) April 23 – Allen Dulles, American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. 1969) April 29 – Harold Urey, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981) May 1 – Nestor Lakoba, Abkhaz communist leader (d. 1936)https://eng.kavkaz-uzel.media/articles/98 Lakoba, Nestor Apollonovich May 3 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer, public benefactor (d. 1975) May 8 – Francis Ouimet, American golfer, businessman (d. 1967) May 16 – Clement Martyn Doke, South African linguist (d. 1980) May 25 – Ernest Stoneman, American country music artist (d. 1968) June 4 – Armand Călinescu, 39th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1939) June 7 – Gillis Grafström, Swedish figure skater (d. 1938) June 10 – Hattie McDaniel, actress, first African-American woman to win an Academy Award (d. 1952) June 12 – John R. Hodge, United States Army general (d. 1963) June 13 – Dorothy L. Sayers, British crime writer, poet, playwright and essayist (d. 1957) June 23 – Herman H. Hanneken, United States Marine Corps officer (d. 1986) June 24 Roy O. Disney, brother, business partner of Walter Elias Disney (d. 1971) Suzanne La Follette, American libertarian feminist (d. 1983) June 26 – Big Bill Broonzy, American blues singer, composer (d. 1958) (some sources give his year of birth as 1903) June 29 – Aarre Merikanto, Finnish composer (d. 1958) June 30 Harold Laski, British political theorist, economist (d. 1950) Walter Ulbricht, German communist politician (d. 1973) July–September 110px|thumb|Mae West 110px|thumb|Albert Szent-Györgyi July 1 – Mario de Bernardi, Italian aviator (d. 1959) July 4 – Norman Manley, Jamaican statesman (d. 1969) July 9 George Geary, English cricketer (d. 1981) Dorothy Thompson, American journalist and radio commentator (d. 1961) July 11 – Edward Stinson, American aviator, aircraft manufacturer (d. 1932) July 12 – Ernest Cadine, French weightlifter (d. 1978) July 18 – Richard Dix, American actor (d. 1949) July 20 Arno von Lenski, German military officer, general (d. 1986) George Llewelyn Davies, British inspiration for Peter Pan (killed in action 1915) July 22 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist (d. 1990) July 28 – Rued Langgaard, Danish composer, organist (d. 1952) July 30 – Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani Mother of the Nation (d. 1967) August 4 – Fritz Gause, German historian (d. 1973) August 6 – Wright Patman, American politician (d. 1976) August 14 Francis Dvornik, Czech historian (d. 1975) Samuel Leibowitz, Romanian-born American criminal defense attorney and justice (d. 1978) August 15 – Leslie Comrie, New Zealand astronomer, computing pioneer (d. 1950) August 17 – Mae West, American actress, playwright, screenwriter and sex symbol (d. 1980) August 18 – Frank Linke-Crawford, Austro-Hungarian fighter pilot (killed in action 1918) August 22 – Dorothy Parker, American writer (d. 1967) August 23 – Aleksandr Loktionov, Soviet general (d. 1941) August 25 – H. Trendley Dean, American dental researcher (d. 1962) August 28 – Val Imm, American politician and newspaper editorhttps://www.lrl.mn.gov/legdb/fulldetail?ID=10922 Val Imm - Legislator Record Minnesota Legislative Reference Library 2026-10-11 (d. 1981) August 30 – Huey Long, Louisiana governor and senator (assassinated 1935) September 6 – Claire Lee Chennault, American aviator, general and leader of the Flying Tigers (d. 1958) September 10 – Johanna Bormann, German Nazi concentration camp guard (executed 1945) September 16 – Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986) September 18 – Arthur Benjamin, Australian composer (d. 1960) September 25 – Ryūnosuke Kusaka, Japanese admiral (d. 1971) October–December thumb|110px|Lillian Gish thumb|110px|Carol II of Romania October 1 – Marianne Brandt, German industrial designer (d. 1983) October 8 – Clarence Williams, American jazz pianist and composer (d. 1965) (some sources give his year of birth as 1898) October 9 – Mário de Andrade, Brazilian writer, photographer (d. 1945) Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of literature Merriam-Webster Springfield, Mass 1995 9780877790426 51 October 14 – Lillian Gish, American actress (d. 1993) October 15 – King Carol II of Romania (d. 1953) October 18 Sidney Holland, 25th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1961) George Ohsawa, Japanese founder of Macrobiotics (d. 1966) October 24 – Kurt Huber, German university professor, member of the White Rose resistance group in Nazi Germany (d. 1943) Kurt Huber https://holocaustmusic.ort.org/resistance-and-exile/huber-kurt/ Music and the Holocaust 1 September 2025 October 26 – Oliver P. Smith, American general (d. 1977) November 2 – Victor Crutchley, British admiral (d. 1986) November 5 – Raymond Loewy, French-born American industrial designer (d. 1986) November 8 – Prajadhipok, Rama VII, King of Siam (d. 1941) November 10 – John P. Marquand, American novelist (d. 1960)>Novel/fiction Awards 1917-1994: From Pearl S. Buck and Margaret Mitchell to Ernest Hemingway and John Updike K.G. Saur 1997 83 November 12 – Leonard F. Wing, American general, politician (d. 1945) November 13 – Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1986) November 14 – Addie Viola Smith, American lawyer and trade commissioner (d. 1975)Addie Viola Smith (1893–1975) Australian Dictionary of Biography National Centre of Biography, Australian National University Canberra https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/smith-addie-viola-11717 live April 14, 2024 Barker Heather 2006 2002 https://web.archive.org/web/20240222081431/https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/smith-addie-viola-11717 February 22, 2024 November 20 – Grace Darmond, Canadian-born American actress (d. 1963) November 22 Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician, Great Purge perpetrator (d. 1991) Raymond Collishaw, Canadian World War I fighter ace (d. 1976) November 27 – Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, 26th President of Ecuador (d. 1969) December 1 – Henry Cadbury, American biblical scholar, Quaker (d. 1974) December 2 – Leo Ornstein, Russian-born American composer, pianist (d. 2002) December 7 Fay Bainter, American actress (d. 1968) Hermann Balck, German general (d. 1982) December 12 – Edward G. Robinson, Romanian-American actor (d. 1973) December 23 – Ann Pennington, American actress, dancer (d. 1971) December 26 – Mao Zedong, Chinese communist leader, founder of the People’s Republic of China (d. 1976) Deaths January–June thumb|110px|Rutherford B. Hayes thumb|110px|John Ballance thumb|110px|Manuel Gonzalez Flores thumb|110px|Margaret Manton Merrill thumb|110px|William Fox January 2 – John Obadiah Westwood, British entomologist (b. 1805) January 7 – Jožef Stefan, Slovenian physicist, mathematician, and poet (b. 1835) January 11 – Benjamin Butler, American lawyer, politician, and general (b. 1818) January 17 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States (b. 1822) January 23 – Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, U.S. Supreme Court justice (b. 1825) January 27 – James G. Blaine, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, U.S. Senator, and U.S. Secretary of State (b. 1830) February 1 – George Henry Sanderson, Mayor of San Francisco (b. 1824) February 4 – Concepción Arenal, Spanish feminist writer, activist (b. 1820) February 8 – Jennie Casseday, American philanthropist (b. 1840) February 10 – Henry Churchill de Mille, American playwright, (b.1853) February 13 – Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, first modern Mexican novelist (Clemencia) and (El Zarco) (b. 1834)https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/a/altamirano.htm Biografias y Vidas Ignacio Manuel Altamirano June 1, 2019 es February 17 – Sir Arthur Cumming, British admiral (b. 1817) February 18 Serranus Clinton Hastings, American politician (b. 1814) King George Tupou I of Tonga (b. 1797) February 20 – P. G. T. Beauregard, American Confederate general (b. 1818) March 7 – Francisco Robles, 6th President of Ecuador (b. 1811) March 16 – William H. Illingworth, English photographer (b. 1844) March 17 Lucy Isabella Buckstone, English actress (b. 1857) Jules Ferry, French premier (b. 1832) March 18 George Alexander Baird, (Squire Abington), wealthy English horse breeder (b. 1861) Bandō Kakitsu I, Japanese kabuki actor (b. 1847) March 21 – Mary Foot Seymour, American school founder (b. 1846) March 30 – Jane Sym-Mackenzie, second wife of Canada's second prime minister (b. 1825) April 8 – August Czartoryski, Polish prince (b. 1858) April 17 – Lucy Larcom, American teacher and author (b. 1824)Patrons and Protegees: Gender, Friendship, and Writing in Nineteenth Century America Shirley Marchalonis Rutgers University Press 1991 9780813516905 114 April 19 – John Addington Symonds, English poet, literary critic (b. 1840) April 22 – Edward Fitzgerald Beale, American adventurer, businessman (b. 1822) April 26 – Harriette Baker, American children's books author (b. 1815) April 27 – John Ballance, 14th Premier of New Zealand (b. 1839) May 8 – Manuel González Flores, 31st President of Mexico (b. 1833)https://www.lifeder.com/manuel-refugio-gonzalez-flores/ Lifeder.com Manuel del Refugio González Flores: Biografía Lifeder February 16, 2018 es Manuel del Refugio González Flores: Biography May 29, 2019 March 8, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210308135610/https://www.lifeder.com/manuel-refugio-gonzalez-flores/ dead May 10 – Ioan Emanoil Florescu, Romanian general and politician, two-time Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1819) June 1 – Silva Porto, Portuguese painter (b. 1850) June 7 – Edwin Booth, American actor (b. 1833) June 14 – Jakob Frohschammer, German theologian, philosopher (b. 1821) June 19 – Margaret Manton Merrill, English-born American journalist and translator (b. 1859) June 21 – Leland Stanford, Governor of California (b. 1824) June 22 – Sir George Tryon, British admiral (b. 1832) June 23 Sir William Fox, 2nd Premier of New Zealand (b. 1812) Sir Theophilus Shepstone, South African statesman (b. 1817) July–December thumb|110px|Guy de Maupassant 110px|thumb|John Abbott thumb|110px|Annie Pixley thumb|110px|Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky July 2 – Georgiana Drew, American actress, comedian (b. 1856) July 6 – Guy de Maupassant, French writer (b. 1850) July 16 – Antonio Ghislanzoni, Italian politician, journalist (b. 1833) August 6 – Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1811) August 7 – Alfredo Catalani, Italian composer (b. 1854) August 16 – Jean-Martin Charcot, French neurologist (b. 1825) August 20 – Baron Alexander Wassilko von Serecki, Governor of the Duchy of Bucovina, member of the Herrenhaus (b. 1827) August 31 – Lucy Hamilton Hooper, American writer and editor (b. 1835) September 9 – Friedrich Traugott Kützing, German pharmacist, botanist and phycologist (b. 1807) September 28 – Bella French Swisher, American writer, editor, and publisher (b. 1837) October 6 – Ford Madox Brown, English painter (b. 1821) October 8 – John Willis Menard, African-American politician (b. 1838) October 10 – Lip Pike, American baseball player (b. 1845) October 17 – Patrice de MacMahon, Duke of Magenta, French general, politician, and 1st president of the Third Republic (1875-1879) (b. 1808) October 18 – Charles Gounod, French composer (b. 1818) October 22 – Duleep Singh, ruler of Punjab (b. 1838) October 30 – Sir John Abbott, 3rd Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821) November 6 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (b. 1840) November 8 – Annie Pixley, American actress (b. 1848) November 11 – Charles H. Bell, American politician (b. 1823) November 17 – Alexander of Battenberg, first prince of Bulgaria (b. 1857) November 22 – James Calder, 5th President of Pennsylvania State University (b. 1826) November 24 – Belle Hunt Shortridge, American author (b. 1858) November 28 Sir Alexander Cunningham, British engineer and archaeologist (b. 1814) Talbot Baines Reed, English author (b. 1852) Morison Stanley Talbot Baines Reed: Author, Bibliographer, Typefounder Published by Stanley Morison: printed privately by the Cambridge University Press Cambridge, England 1960 1–3 December 8 – Alexandru Cernat, Moldavian-born Romanian general and politician (b. 1828) December 11 – William Milligan, Scottish theologian (b. 1821) December 25 – Marie Durocher, Brazilian obstetrician, physician (b. 1809) Date unknown Margaret Fox, American spiritualist medium (b. 1833) References Further reading The Year-book of the Imperial Institute of the United Kingdom, the colonies and India: a statistical record of the resources and trade of the colonial and Indian possessions of the British Empire (2nd. ed. 1893) 880pp; online edition