2000 SG344

Small risk–listed near-Earth asteroid September 2020 yes 2000 SG 344 #FFC2E0 Asteroid_2000_SG344.gif 2000 SG 344 seen on 29 September 2000, as a dim streak in the center of the image, moving against the background field of stars D. J. TholenR. J. Whiteley Mauna Kea Obs.—UH88 29 September 2000(first observation only) NEOAten 2025-Nov-21 (JD 2461000.5) 507 days (1.39 yr) 3 1.0428 AU Gm on on 0.91203 AU Gm on 0.97740 AU Gm on 0.06688 0.97 yr (352.94 d) 0.113110° 191.77° 1.0200°/day 275.66° 275.56° 0.0009 AU km on 37 m (assumed)15–70 meters 7.17 kg (assumed) 24.7 2000 SG 344 is a small Aten asteroid first observed in 2000. It is assumed to have a diameter of approximately 37 m ft off 2 us – or roughly twice that of the Chelyabinsk meteor – and an assumed mass of 7.17 kg (71,000 tonnes), but the size is only known within about a factor 2. 2025 02, it is the largest object known to have a better than 1/1000 chance (0.1%) of impacting Earth and has the fifth highest cumulative Palermo scale rating at −2.77. The next good chance to observe the object will be in May 2028 when it passes 0.02 AU km mi on from Earth. Because of its very Earth-like orbit and because it would have been near the Earth in 1971 (coinciding with the Apollo program), there was speculation that 2000 SG 344 might not be an asteroid but a man-made object such as an S-IVB booster stage from a Saturn V rocket which would make it about 15 meters in diameter and much less massive. (cf. J002E3, the S-IVB booster of Apollo 12 which was mistaken for an asteroid.) +Upcoming Earth approaches Date & time Nominal distance uncertaintyregion(3-sigma)2028-May-07 03:32 ± 4 minutes 2931689 km ± 46000 km2030-Sep-22 22:36 ± 10 hours 5121080 km ± 380000 km Possible impacts with Earth Until December 2004, it was considered to have the highest (though still very low) likelihood of any near-Earth object to impact Earth in the next 100 years. It is ranked a zero on the Torino scale of impact risk because of its small size (the scale is 0–10) and is listed on Sentry Risk Table. It was briefly surpassed in December 2004 by 99942 Apophis (which at the time was known only by its provisional designation 2004 MN 4). Smaller asteroids such as 2006 JY 26 and 2006 RH 120 have a greater chance of impacting Earth. Based on 31 observations of 2000 SG 344 made from May 1999 to October 2000, there is about a 1 in 360 chance that it will collide with Earth between 2069 and 2121. The greatest chance of impact is on 16 September 2071 with a 1 in 1000 chance of impact. Assuming the object is a rocky asteroid and that it reaches Earth's surface without exploding in the atmosphere, the impact energy released would be an estimated 1.0 megatons of TNT, comparable to the Tunguska and Chelyabinsk events, which could create an impact crater approximately 100 ft m wide. +Virtual impactors Date Impactprobability(1 in) JPL Horizonsnominal geocentricdistance (AU) NEODySnominal geocentricdistance (AU) uncertaintyregion(3-sigma)2069-09-18 5 million 0.07 AU e6km unit on 0.08 AU e6km unit ± 32 million km2070-09-17 4300 0.18 AU e6km unit 0.14 AU e6km unit ± 275 million km2071-09-10 7100 0.43 AU e6km unit 0.35 AU e6km unit ± 462 million km2071-09-16 1000 0.44 AU e6km unit 0.36 AU e6km unit ± 475 million km Proposed NASA mission In 2008, NASA considered this asteroid as a possible target for a crewed mission (Artemis II) using the Orion spacecraft, prior to a projected 2030 push to Mars.Into the Beyond: A Crewed Mission to a Near-Earth Object – text slides Those plans were since abandoned. 2000 SG 344 will be observable in May 2028 at an apparent magnitude of 19. References JPL Small-Body Database Browser on 2000 SG344 NASA https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=2000SG344&view=OPC 18 May 2008 IAU Circular: MPEC 2000-U19 24 October 2000 http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/mpec/K00/K00U19.html 18 May 2008 Near-Earth Object Human Space Flight Accessible Targets Study (NHATS) NASA/JPL Near-Earth Object Program Office http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/nhats https://web.archive.org/web/20130218125702/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/nhats dead 18 February 2013 8 June 2012 2000 SG 344 Earth Impact Risk Summary 7 April 2017 https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html#?des=2000%20SG344 12 November 2004 https://web.archive.org/web/20041024225737/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/2000sg344.html 24 October 2004 live NASA Near Earth Object Program: Current Impact Risks http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/ 12 November 2004 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130529175100/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/ 29 May 2013 2000 SG344: The Story of a Potential Earth Impactor Chodas P. W. Chesley, S. R. November 2001 Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 33 1196 2014/12396 2001DDA....32.0803C Much Ado about 2000 SG344 7 November 2000 NASA https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2000/ast06nov_2 19 May 2008 live https://web.archive.org/web/20090117170401/https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/ast06nov_2.htm 17 January 2009 Horizons Batch for 2069-09-18 11:46 Virtual Impactor Time JPL Horizons https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272000+SG344%27&START_TIME=%272069-09-18%2011:46%27&STOP_TIME=%272069-09-19%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20days%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 https://web.archive.org/web/20220920021145/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272000+SG344%27&START_TIME=%272069-09-18%2011:46%27&STOP_TIME=%272069-09-19%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20days%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 2022-09-20 live 2022-09-19 RNG_3sigma = uncertainty range in km. (JPL#17/Soln.date: 2021-Apr-14 generates RNG_3sigma = 32213496 for 2069-09-18 11:46.) 2000SG344 Ephemerides for 18 September 2069 NEODyS (Near Earth Objects Dynamic Site) https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=2000SG344&oc=500&y0=2069&m0=09&d0=18&h0=0&mi0=0&y1=2069&m1=09&d1=19&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=1.0&tiu=days https://web.archive.org/web/20201209154241/https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=2000SG344&oc=500&y0=2069&m0=09&d0=18&h0=0&mi0=0&y1=2069&m1=09&d1=19&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=1.0&tiu=days 2020-12-09 live 2020-12-09 JPL Horizons: 2000 SG344 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 2028-May-07 JPL Horizons https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272000+SG344%27&START_TIME=%272028-05-07%2003:32%27&STOP_TIME=%272028-05-08%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 2023-06-10 JPL Horizons: 2000 SG344 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 2030-Sep-22 JPL Horizons https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272000+SG344%27&START_TIME=%272030-09-22%2022:36%27&STOP_TIME=%272030-09-23%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 2023-06-10 Closer encounter: Nasa plans landing on 40m-wide asteroid travelling at 28,000mph Sample Ian 7 May 2008 The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/may/07/starsgalaxiesandplanets.spaceexploration 9 May 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20080509181202/http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/may/07/starsgalaxiesandplanets.spaceexploration 9 May 2008 live Further reading IAU Circular: MPEC 2000-U19 24 October 2000 http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/mpec/K00/K00U19.html 18 May 2008 IAU Circular: MPEC 2000-U24 25 October 2000 http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/mpec/K00/K00U24.html 9 May 2008 IAU Circular: MPEC 2000-V26 8 November 2000 http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/mpec/K00/K00V26.html 9 May 2008 External links NASA NEO Study home page Piloted Orion Flight Feasibility Study 2000+SG344 2000SG344 # Category:Minor planet object articles (unnumbered) # Category:Potential impact events caused by near-Earth objects 20000929