123rd Illinois Infantry Regiment

October 2020 123rd Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry/Illinois Volunteer Mounted Infantry Flag of Illinois.svg 200 Illinois state flag 1862–1865 July 11, 1865 United States Union Infantry Mounted Infantry (1863–1864) Spencer repeating rifle Battle of Perryville Second Battle of Murfreesboro Battle of Vaught's Hill Battle of Hoover's Gap Battle of Chickamauga Battle of Farmington Battle of Resaca Battle of New Hope Church Battle of Dallas Battle of Marietta Battle of Kennesaw Mountain Battle of Ladiga Battle of Selma 120px 1st Division, XIV Corps 120px 4th Division, XIV CorpsIllinois U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865 122nd Illinois Infantry Regiment 124th Illinois Infantry Regiment The 123rd Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was an infantry and mounted infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. In 1863 and 1864 it was temporarily known as the 123rd Illinois Volunteer Mounted Infantry Regiment, as part of Wilder's Lightning Brigade.It acquired the names due to the movement speed that was gained by mounting the brigade, and also by the hatchets/tomohawks that Wilder had issued initially. See Lightning Brigade article for more. Service This regiment was organized at Camp Terry, Mattoon, Coles County, Illinois, by Colonel James Monroe, who at the time was major of the 7th Illinois Infantry.Reece 1902 416 Companies A, C, D, H, I and K were from Coles County; B from Cumberland; E from Clark; F and G from Clark and Crawford. As a colonel in 1861, Ulysses S. Grant organized his first command, the 21st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, in Mattoon. Initial infantry service It was mustered into service on September 6, 1862, with James Monroe as Colonel, Jonathan Biggs, of Westfield, Clark County, as Lieutenant Colonel, and James A. Connolly, of Charleston, Illinois, as Major. On 19 September 1862, the Regiment was loaded into freight cars at Mattoon, and transported to Louisville, Kentucky, where it was at once put to work, under Major General William "Bull" Nelson, to fortify the city against Confederate General Braxton Bragg, who was then advancing on it in pursuit of Union General Don Carlos Buell. On October 1, having been assigned to the Thirty-third Brigade (General William R. Terrill), Fourth Division (General James S. Jackson), in McCook's Corps, the regiment started on the march under Buell, southward through Kentucky, after Bragg, who had turned back, and up to this time the regiment never had battalion drill, and hardly an attempt at company drill, as all the officers, except the colonel, were "raw recruits". Just 19 days after leaving Mattoon, the regiment engaged in the Battle of Perryville, where 36 men were killed in action and 180 wounded.Bits of Blue and Gray Generals Terrill and Jackson were both killed immediately behind and within twenty feet of the line of the regiment. Among the wounded were Captain Coblentz of Company E, First Lieutenant S. M. Shepard of Company A and Adjutant Leander H. Hamlin. Following the devastating bloodshed the 123rd was assigned to protect the railroad bridge across the Green River at Munfordville, Kentucky, in November and December 1862. It has become known as the "Battle for the Bridge," which began when the Union garrison led by John T. Wilder, prior to his assuming command of the 123rd, surrendered during the Battle of Munfordville. The 123rd was initially assigned to the Army of the Ohio from September 1862 to November 1862, and then to the Army of the Cumberland from November 1862 to June 1865. The commanding general of the Army of the Cumberland was William Rosecrans. The regiment was in the 1st Brigade with Colonel Albert S. Hall, which was part of the 5th Division commanded by Brigadier General Joseph J. Reynolds, reporting to Major General George Henry Thomas. Conversion to mounted infantry thumb|right|550px|An 1862 Spencer Rifle with sling and bayonet. As part of the "Wilder Lightning Brigade" the 17th was among the first units fighting in the Civil War to receive the Spencer repeating rifle. In February and March 1863, it was converted to mounted infantry.Sunderland 1984 24 The 123rd Illinois' brigade became known as "Wilder's Lightning Brigade" commanded by Wilder. The brigade remained the 1st Brigade of the 5th Division, XIV Army Corps after its conversion. During this conversion, Spencer repeating rifles, invented by Christopher Spencer, were adopted as the command's primary weapon. The new increase in firepower that the Spencer gave, allowed the 123rd and its brigade mates to see off numerically superior Confederate infantry and cavalry in several engagements. The weapon was estimated to allow the regiment to deliver five to seven times the firepower of muzzle-loading opponents.Sunderland 1984 21 Tullahoma campaign The 123rd first used its new rifles in the Battle of Hoover's Gap.Sunderland 1969 45 The brigade showed the advantage of their speed despite the weather by reaching the gap nearly 9 miles ahead of Thomas's main body.Kennedy 1998 225 Despite orders from the divisional commander, General Joseph J. Reynolds to fall back to his infantry, which was still six miles away, Wilder decided to take and hold the position. The brigade surprised Confederate Colonel J. Russell Butler's 1st (3rd) Kentucky Cavalry Regiment at the entrance of the gap.NPS Hoover's Gap After driving them through the gap, the brigade found it outnumbered four-to-one.ABT Hoovers Gap 2012 Sunderland 1984 24 The brigade entrenched and held this position.Kennedy 1998 225 The brigade, supported by Brig. Gen. Bushrod Johnson's brigade and some artillery, assaulted Wilder's position, but was driven back by the concentrated fire of the Spencers, losing 146 killed and wounded (almost a quarter of his force) to Wilder's 61. Colonel James Connolly, commander of the 123rd Illinois, wrote: As soon as the enemy opened on us with their artillery we dismounted and formed line of battle on a hill just at the south entrance to the "Gap," and our battery of light artillery was opened on them, a courier was dispatched to the rear to hurry up reinforcements, our horses were sent back some distance out of the way of bursting shells, our regiment was assigned to support the battery, the other three regiments were properly disposed, and not a moment too soon, for these preparations were scarcely completed when the enemy opened on us a terrific fire of shot and shell from five different points, and their masses of infantry, with flags flying, moved out of the woods on our right in splendid style; there were three or four times our number already in sight and still others came pouring out of the woods beyond. Our regiment lay on the hill side in mud and water, the rain pouring down in torrents, while each shell screamed so close to us as to make it seem that the next would tear us to pieces. Presently the enemy got near enough to us to make a charge on our battery, and on they came; our men are on their feet in an instant and a terrible fire from the "Spencers" causes the advancing regiment to reel and its colors fall to the ground, but in an instant their colors are up again and on they come, thinking to reach the battery before our guns can be reloaded, but they "reckoned without their host," they didn't know we had the "Spencers," and their charging yell was answered by another terrible volley, and another and another without cessation, until the poor regiment was literally cut to pieces, and but few men of that 20th Tennessee that attempted the charge will ever charge again. During all the rest of the fight at "Hoover's Gap" they never again attempted to take that battery. After the charge they moved four regiments around to our right and attempted to get in our rear, but they were met by two of our regiments posted in the woods, and in five minutes were driven back in the greatest disorder, with a loss of 250 killed and wounded.ABT Hoovers Gap 2012 Connolly 1959 92The regiment served quite well through the remainder of the campaign. Chickamauga campaign During the calamitous Chickamauga Campaign|Tullahoma Campaign, the 123rd and the rest of the Lightning Brigade, were one of the few positive results. The 123rd was sent to defend Alexander's Bridge over the Chickamauga on 17 September. The next day, 18 September, the Lightning Brigade blocked the crossing against the approach of W.H.T. Walker's Corps. Feeling quite confident in the advantage their Spencer repeating rifles gave them, the brigade held off a brigade of Brig. Gen. St. John Liddell's division, which suffered 105 casualties against Wilder's superior firepower.Cozzens 1992 198 Esposito 1959 112 Kennedy 1998 230 Woodworth 1998 83Eicher, McPherson, & McPherson (2001) 581Robertson, Blue & Gray, Dec 2006 46–50 At around 14:00 on 19 September, the 123rd and its brigade spoiled the left column of the main rebel attack by severely mauling both Brig. Gen. John Gregg's brigade and Brig. Gen. Evander McNair's brigade. The attacking Confederates were surprised by the resolute, confident manner that the Lightning Brigade demonstrated in driving them back.Cozzens 1992 199–200 Korn 1985 48 Tucker 1995 166, 172–73 Woodworth 1998 92Eicher, McPherson, & McPherson (2001) 582–83Robertson, Blue & Gray, Jun 2007 44–45 Post Chickamauga During the Siege of Chattanooga, the Lightning Brigade disbanded, and four of its regiments shifted to the Cavalry Corps where they served for the remainder of the war. The 123rd and the 72nd Indiana were sent to the 3rd Brigade of the 2nd Division. Late in the war, the regiment pursued Confederate General John Bell Hood.Sixteenth Confederate Cavalry The unit was instrumental in the capture of former Confederate capital Montgomery, Alabama. During the Battle of Selma, First Lieutenant O. J. McManus, Sergeants J. S. Mullen and Henry E. Cross, Corporal McMurry and Privates Daniel Cook, John Bowman, Marion White and Henry Woodruff were killed, with 50 wounded, including Lieutenant Colonel Biggs, Adjutant L. B. Bane, Captains W. E. Adams and Owen Wiley, Lieutenants Alex. McNutt and J. R. Harding. In June 1865 new recruits and some veterans were transferred to the 61st Regiment as the 123rd prepared to disband.Pike 1970 Those who remained were mustered out June 27, 1865, by Captain L. M. Hosea and formally discharged at Springfield, Illinois, on July 11, 1865. Total strength and casualties The regiment lost during service three officers and 82 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and one officer and 133 enlisted men by disease for a total of 219.Dyer 1908 1098 Commanders Colonel James Monroe: September 6, 1862 – October 7, 1863 (killed at the Battle of Farmington) Brigadier General of Volunteers James S. Jackson: October 1, 1862 – October 8, 1862 (killed at the Battle of Perryville) Brigadier General of Volunteers William R. Terrill: September 9, 1862 – October 8, 1862 (killed at the Battle of Perryville) Lt. Colonel James A. Connolly Captain Oscar R. Bane Colonel John T. Wilder: May 6, 1863 – November 1864 (resignation) Brigadier General Kenner Garrard: May 20, 1864 – October 28, 1864 Major General James H. Wilson: October 28, 1864 – June 27, 1865 Officers Surgeon John Milton Phipps, July 2, 1863 – March 30, 1864. Sergeant John Hamilton MorganThiriot, TheAncestorFiles Armament/Equipment/Uniform Armament The 123rd Illinois was an 1862, three-year regiment, that greatly increased the number of men under arms in the federal army. As with many of these volunteers, initially, there were not enough Model 1861 Springfield Rifles either NAIn government records, National Armory refers to one of three United States Armory and Arsenals, the Springfield Armory, the Harpers Ferry Armory, and the Rock Island Arsenal. Rifle-muskets, muskets, and rifles were manufactured in Springfield and Harper's Ferry before the war. When the Rebels destroyed the Harpers Ferry Armory early in the American Civil War and stole the machinery for the Richmond Arsenal, the Springfield Armory was briefly the only government manufacturer of arms, until the Rock Island Arsenal was established in 1862. During this time production ramped up to unprecedented levels ever seen in American manufacturing up until that time, with only 9,601 rifles manufactured in 1860, rising to a peak of 276,200 by 1864. These advancements would not only give the Union a decisive technological advantage over the Confederacy during the war but served as a precursor to the mass production manufacturing that contributed to the post-war Second Industrial Revolution and 20th century machine manufacturing capabilities. American historian Merritt Roe Smith has drawn comparisons between the early assembly machining of the Springfield rifles and the later production of the Ford Model T, with the latter having considerably more parts, but producing a similar numbers of units in the earliest years of the 1913–1915 automobile assembly line, indirectly due to mass production manufacturing advancements pioneered by the armory 50 years earlier. Smithsonian, Civil War symposium, (2012)NPS, Springfield Armory NHS, (2010) or contract manufactured, to go around so they were also issued imported Austrian Rifle MusketsThe Lorenz rifle was the third most widely used rifle during the American Civil War. The Union recorded purchases of 226,924. Its quality was inconsistent. Some were considered to be of the finest quality (particularly ones from the Vienna Arsenal), and were sometimes praised as being superior to the Enfield; others, especially those in later purchases from private contractors, were described as horrible in both design and condition. Lorenz rifles in the Civil War were generally used with .54 caliber cartridges designed for the Model 1841 "Mississippi" rifle. These differed from the cartridges manufactured in Austria and may have contributed to the unreliability of the weapons. Many of the rifles were bored out to .58 caliber to accommodate standard Springfield rifle ammunition. Initially an infantry unit that served in the Army of Ohio, they then joined the Army of the Cumberland at the new year in 1863. They reported the following on o0rdnance surveys: 4th Quarter 1862 Quarterly Ordnance Survey &mdash 413 Austrian Rifle Muskets, leaf and block sights, Quadrangular bayonet (.58 Cal), 96 Springfield Model 1855/1861 National Armory (NA) and contract (.58 Cal.)Baumann 1989 214 1st Quarter 1863 Quarterly Ordnance Survey &mdash 454 Austrian Rifle Muskets, leaf and block sights, Quadrangular bayonet (.58 Cal), 44 Springfield Model 1855/1861 National Armory (NA) and contract (.58 Cal.)Baumann 1989 214 During the spring of 1863, the regiment was converted to mounted infantry, and on May 6, it received Spencer rifle.Baumann 1989 213 As it transitioned into a more normal cavalry role, it exchanged some of its Spencer rifles for the shorter Spancer carbine.Baumann 1989 214 They reported the following numbers in the ordnance surveys: 2nd Quarter 1863 Quarterly Ordnance Survey &mdash 166 Spencer rifles (.52 Cal), 11 Austrian Rifle Muskets, leaf and block sights, Quadrangular bayonet (.58 Cal)Baumann 1989 214 3rd Quarter 1863 Quarterly Ordnance Survey &mdash 280 Spencer rifles (.52 Cal), 2 Austrian Rifle Muskets, leaf and block sights, Quadrangular bayonet (.58 Cal)Baumann 1989 214 4th Quarter 1863 Quarterly Ordnance Survey &mdash 217 Spencer rifles (.52 Cal)Baumann 1989 214 2nd Quarter 1863 Quarterly Ordnance Survey &mdash 279 Spencer rifles (.52 Cal), 76 Spencer carbines (.52 Cal)Baumann 1989 214 Uniforms The 123rd Illinois had come into Wilder's brigade as a replacement for the 75th Indiana, but, like the other regiments, it wanted to move and fight as mounted infantry.Masters 2023 In March, they received new hats, standard Federal cavalry jackets trimmed in yellow (and a small amount of the prewar green trimmed mounted rifle version), and reinforced mounted trousers. The men promptly removed the yellow piping from the jackets and trousers, although some kept the green rifle trimming.Baumgartner 2007 63-64 Like most of the western U.S. volunteers, an undecorated 1858 Hardee hat or black civilian slouch hat was the normal headgear.Masters 2023 See also American Civil War Illinois List of Illinois Civil War Units Illinois in the American Civil War References Footnotes 40em Citations 40em Sources 60em Baumann Ken Arming the Suckers, 1861-1865: A Compilation of Illinois Civil War Weapons https://archive.org/details/armingsuckers1860000kenb Morningside House 1989 Dayton, OH 237 en 20662029 registration Baumgartner Richard A. Blue Lightning: Wilder's Mounted Brigade in the Battle of Chickamauga 2007 Blue Acorn Press Huntington, WV 978-1-885033-35-2 389 232639520 1st en Connolly James A. James A. Connolly Three Years in the Army of the Cumberland: The Letters and Diary of Major James A. Connolly Angle Paul McClelland Civil War Centennial Series Indiana University Press Bloomington, Indiana 1959 1239874 1st https://archive.org/details/threeyearsinarmy0000jame registration https://www.battlefields.org/learn/primary-sources/battle-hoovers-gap Primary Sources: The Road to Chickamauga www.battlefields.org Connolly James A. American Battlefield Trust Washington, DC 2012 ABT Hoovers Gap 2012 Connelly Thomas L Thomas L. Connelly Autumn of Glory: The Army of Tennessee 1862–1865 Louisiana State University Press Baton Rouge, LA 1971 978-0-8071-0445-3 PDF 1147753151 1st en https://archive.org/details/autumnofgloryarm0000conn Cozzens Peter Peter Cozzens This Terrible Sound: The Battle of Chickamauga University of Illinois Press Champaign, IL 1992 978-0-252-06594-1 PDF 1147753151 1st en https://archive.org/details/thisterriblesoun0000cozz Lamers William M. The Edge of Glory: A Biography of General William S. Rosecrans, U.S.A. Harcourt, Brace & World New York, NY 1961 784346 1st en Duke Basil Wilson Basil W. Duke Morgan's Cavalry Neale Pub. Co. New York, NY & Washington, DC 1906 441 PDF 35812648 1st en https://archive.org/details/35812648.3150.emory.edu/page/n9/mode/2up Dyer Frederick Henry Frederick H. Dyer A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion Dyer Pub. Co. Des Moines, IA 1908 1098 PDF B01BUFJ76Q 1st en https://archive.org/details/08697590.3359.emory.edu/page/1097/mode/2up?q=Illinois Eddy Thomas Mears Thomas Mears Eddy The Patriotism of Illinois Clark & Company I 1st 1865 Chicago, IL 642 en https://archive.org/details/patriotismofilli01eddy PDF 85800687 02012789 April 14, 2020 Eddy Thomas Mears Thomas Mears Eddy The Patriotism of Illinois Clark & Company II 1st 1866 Chicago, IL 734 en https://archive.org/details/patriotismofilli02eddy PDF 85800687 02012789 April 14, 2020 Eicher David J. David J. Eicher McPherson James M. James M. McPherson McPherson James Alan James Alan McPherson The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War Simon & Schuster 2001 New York City 0-7432-1846-9 892938160 Eicher, McPherson, & McPherson (2001) Frisby Derek W. Heidler David S. Heidler Jeanne T. 2000 978-0-393-04758-5 317783094 Tullahoma Campaign Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History IV –2733 W. W. Norton & Company New York, NY Garrison Graham Pierson Parke Shoaf Dana B. Lightning at Chickamauga America's Civil War 1046-2899 Historynet LLC 16 1 March 2003 46–54 https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-chickamauga-colonel-john-t-wilder-and-the-lightning-brigade.htm April 6, 2020 Garrison, Graham, Parke Pierson, and Dana B. Shoaf (March 2003) "LIGHTNING AT Chickamauga." America's Civil War V.16 No.1 Hallock Judith Lee Braxton Bragg and Confederate Defeat, Volume 2 University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, AL 1991 978-0-585-13897-8 1013879782 1st en https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/1-123in.htm 1st Battalion, 123d Infantry Illinois National Guard Alexandria, VA globalsecurity.org April 4, 2020 GlobalSecurity 123d Infantry http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com/readers.htm usurped https://web.archive.org/web/20080514031518/http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com/readers.htm May 14, 2008 Story of Corporal William Jared Grace Heminger Jayne McCormick San Francisco, CA 2008 Bits of Blue and Gray: An American Civil War Notebook Bits of Blue and Gray Jordan Hubert Battle of Chickamauga: Colonel John Wilder's Lightning Brigade Prevented Total Disaster America's Civil War 1046-2899 Historynet LLC 10 3 July 1997 44–49 https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-chickamauga-colonel-john-wilders-lightning-brigade-prevented-total-disaster.htm April 6, 2020 Jordan, Hubert (July 1997) "Colonel John Wilder's Lightning Brigade Prevented Total Disaster." America's Civil War V.16 No.1 Kennedy Frances H. The Civil War Battlefield Guide 1998 Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston, MA 0-395-74012-6 2nd https://www.amazon.com/Civil-War-Battlefield-Guide-ebook/dp/B006WQL38Y/ref=sr_1_3?dchild=1&keywords=The+Civil+War+Battlefield+Guide&qid=1606345040&s=digital-text&sr=1-3 June 24, 2020 Kindle Korn Jerry The Fight for Chattanooga: Chickamauga to Missionary Ridge Time-Life Books The Civil War 1985 Alexandria, VA 978-0-8173-9185-0 34581283 http://www.16thconfederatecavalry.com/timelinebattles/rome.html Battle Near Rome, Georgia, October 12, 1864 Lyons Ron Studio199 16thconfederatecavalry.com 2018-11-28 https://web.archive.org/web/20110707060209/http://www.16thconfederatecavalry.com/timelinebattles/rome.html 2011-07-07 dead Sixteenth Confederate Cavalry McWhiney Grady Braxton Bragg and Confederate Defeat, Volume 1 University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, AL 1991 978-0-8173-0545-1 91003554 799285151 1st en https://archive.org/details/braxtonbraggconf00mcwh/page/376/mode/2up Martin Samuel J. General Braxton Bragg, C.S.A. McFarland 2013 Kindle 2011 Jefferson, NC 978-0-7864-5934-6 617425048 Masters Dan How Wilder's Brigade Got Their Lightning Dan Masters' Civil War Chronicles April 1, 2023 https://dan-masters-civil-war.blogspot.com/2023/04/how-wilders-brigade-got-their-lightning.html July 19, 2025 Pike John 1st Battalion, 123d Infantry GlobalSecurity.org January 1, 1970 https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/1-123in.htm November 1, 2024 Reece Jasper Newton Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Illinois (1900–1902). VI Phillips Bros., State Printer Springfield, IL 1902 395–421 PDF 1052542476 April 4, 2020 https://archive.org/details/reportofadjutant06illi1/page/395/mode/2up Robertson William Glenn Woodworth Steven E. Steven E. Woodworth Bull of the Woods? James Longstreet at Chickamauga The Chickamauga Campaign Civil War Campaigns in the West Southern Illinois University Press Carbondale, IL 2011 Kindle 2010 978-0-8093-8556-0 649913237 April 6, 2020 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/1464 subscription Robertson William Glenn The Chickamauga Campaign: The Fall of Chattanooga Blue & Gray Magazine 0741-2207 Blue & Gray Enterprises Columbus, OH XXIII 136 January 2006 https://blueandgraymagazine.com/back-issue-index Robertson, Blue & Gray, Jan 2006 Robertson William Glenn The Chickamauga Campaign: McLemore's Cove – Bragg's Lost Opportunity Blue & Gray Magazine 0741-2207 Blue & Gray Enterprises Columbus, OH XXIII 138 June 2006 https://blueandgraymagazine.com/back-issue-index Robertson, Blue & Gray, Jun 2006 Robertson William Glenn The Chickamauga Campaign: The Armies Collide Blue & Gray Magazine 0741-2207 Blue & Gray Enterprises Columbus, OH XXIV 141 December 2006 https://blueandgraymagazine.com/back-issue-index Robertson, Blue & Gray, Dec 2006 Robertson William Glenn The Chickamauga Campaign: The Battle of Chickamauga, Day 1 Blue & Gray Magazine 0741-2207 Blue & Gray Enterprises Columbus, OH XXIV 144 June 2007 https://blueandgraymagazine.com/back-issue-index Robertson, Blue & Gray, Jun 2007 Robertson William Glenn The Chickamauga Campaign: The Battle of Chickamauga, Day 2 Blue & Gray Magazine 0741-2207 Blue & Gray Enterprises Columbus, OH XXV 146 October 2007 https://blueandgraymagazine.com/back-issue-index Robertson, Blue & Gray, Oct 2007 Smith Derek The Gallant Dead : Union and Confederate Generals Killed in the Civil War Stackpole Books Mechanicsburg, PA 2005 2011 Kindle 978-0-8117-4872-8 1022792759 May 10, 2020 https://public.ebookcentral.proquest.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=5253477&__cf_chl_captcha_tk__=WbvVqlex4iChHhcJCcXejvrph3_lknAXWsGLM4jrgWA-1642783895-0-gaNycGzNB6U subscription Starr Stephen Z. The War in the West, 1861–1865 Louisiana State University Press The Union Cavalry in the Civil War III 1st 1985 Baton Rouge, LA 978-0-8071-1209-0 769318010 Stuntz Margaret L. Lightning Strike at the Gap America's Civil War 1046-2899 Historynet LLC 10 3 July 1997 50–57 https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f6h&AN=9706051840&site=ehost-live April 6, 2020 Stuntz, Margaret L. (July 1997) "Lightning Strike at the Gap." America's Civil War V.10 No.3 subscription Sunderland Glenn W. Lightning at Hoover's Gap: the Story of Wilder's Brigade Thomas Yoseloff London, UK 1st 1969 0-498-06795-5 894765669 Sunderland Glenn W. Wilder's Lightning Brigade and Its Spencer Repeaters Bookworks Washington, IL 1984 9996886417 12549273 Thiriot Amy Tanner https://theancestorfiles.blogspot.com/2009/02/morgan-4-john-morgan-funeral-address.html Morgan 4: John Morgan Funeral Address, Part 1 of 3 TheAncestorFiles theancestorfiles.blogspot.com February 2009 Thiriot, TheAncestorFiles July 22, 2014 Thomas Edison H. John Hunt Morgan and His Raiders The University Press of Kentucky Lexington, KY 1985 978-1-306-18437-3 865156740 Tucker Glenn Chickamauga: Bloody Battle in the West Konecky & Konecky New York 1995 1961 978-1-78625-115-2 https://archive.org/details/chickamaugablood0000tuck registration Woodworth Steven E. Steven E. Woodworth Six Armies in Tennessee: The Chickamauga and Chattanooga Campaigns University of Nebraska Press Lincoln, NE 1998 2015 Kindle 978-0-8032-9813-2 50844494 May 10, 2020 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015040156591 subscription http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/tn017.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20130913032248/http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/tn017.htm dead 2013-09-13 NPS Hoover's Gap Battle Description U.S. National Park Service U.S. National Park Service nps.gov September 14, 2017 NPS Hoover's Gap http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/ga004.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20130913060201/http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/ga004.htm dead 2013-09-13 Chickamauga Battle Description U.S. National Park Service U.S. National Park Service nps.gov September 14, 2017 NPS Chickamauga U.S. War Department Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. January 21 – August 10, 1863. – Reports U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 1889 The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies XXIII-XXXV-I 857196196 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699720&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021 U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 23/1 U.S. War Department Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. January 21 – August 10, 1863. – Reports U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 1889 The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies XXIII-XXXV-I 857196196 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077722985&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021 U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 23/2 U.S. War Department Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. August 11-October 19, 1863. – Part I Reports U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 1899 The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies XXX-XLII-I 857196196 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080796638&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021 U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 30/1 U.S. War Department Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. August 11-October 19, 1863. – Part II Reports U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 1899 The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies XXX-XLII-II 857196196 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699878;view=1up;seq=3 U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 30/2 U.S. War Department Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. August 11-October 19, 1863. – Part III Union Correspondence, etc. U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 1899 The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies XXX-XLII-III 857196196 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699878;view=1up;seq=3 U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 30/3 Springfield Armory National Historic Site http://www.museum.nps.gov/spar/vfpcgi.exe?IDCFile=/spar/DETAILM.IDC,SPECIFIC=9341,DATABASE=29426021, NPS.gov National Park Service (US Govt) 13 September 2010 NPS, Springfield Armory NHS, (2010)June 2025 medicmedic Merritt Roe Smith 9 November 2012 Northern Weapons Manufacturing during the Civil War; keynote address of the 2012 Smithsonian Institution's Technology and the Civil War symposium C-SPAN https://www.c-span.org/video/?309361-1/northern-weapons-manufacturing-civil-war&start=1340 C-SPAN Smithsonian, Civil War symposium, (2012) External links Wilder's Brigade Mounted Infantry Living History Society (Archived 2009-10-19) The First Battle of Selma https://web.archive.org/web/20080511192607/http://www.scuba-doc.com/Batlsel.htm May 11, 2008 Sherman's Fifth Corps Category:Units and formations of the Union army from Illinois Category:Military units and formations established in 1862 Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 Category:1862 establishments in Illinois