1854–55 United States House of Representatives elections

House elections for the 34th U.S. Congress January 2026 May 2020 1854–55 United States House of Representatives elections United States 1851 parliamentary no 1852–53 United States House of Representatives elections 1852 & 1853 1856–57 United States House of Representatives elections 1856 & 1857 33rd United States Congress#House of Representatives_3 34th United States Congress#House of Representatives_3 All 234 seats in the United States House of RepresentativesDubin 1998 174 118 August 4, 1854 – November 6, 1855 150x150px File:William Alexander Richardson - Brady-Handy (cropped).jpg William A. Richardson Democratic Party (US) IL 5 T 157 seats, 51.67% 82Including 4 Soft-Shell Democrats, 2 Anti-Broderick Democrats, 1 Anti-Benton Democrat from Missouri, and 1 Hard-Shell Democrat.Anti-Nebraska Democrat Lyman Trumbull won the general election in Illinois's 8th congressional district but resigned before the start of the term. Democrat James L. D. Morrison won the 1856 special election for this seat, increasing the Democratic caucus to 83 seats.Dubin 1998 175n5, 173Sources differ regarding the precise number of Democratic members. Dubin lists 82 Democrats elected to the 34th United States Congress,Dubin 1998 169–73 Martis lists 83,Martis 1989 108–09 while the Tribune Almanac for 1856 lists 79 "National Administration" Democrats in addition to the vacant seat representing Illinois's 8th congressional district.Greeley 1856 17 75 1,418,553Including all votes for Democrats, Anti-Broderick Democrats, Anti-Benton Democrats, Hard Shell Democrats, and Soft Shell Democrats. 43.95% 5.87 File:Henry M. Fuller (Pennsylvania Congressman).jpg Henry M. Fuller Whig Party (US) PA 12 T 70 seats, 41.70% 54 14 580,929 18.00% 23.61 File:Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks (4209264024) (1).jpg Nathaniel P. Banks Know Nothing MA 7 T 0 seats, 0.31% 52Sources differ regarding the precise number of Know Nothing members. Dubin lists 52 Know Nothings elected to the 34th United States Congress,Dubin 1998 174 Martis lists 51,Martis 1989 108–09 while the Tribune Almanac includes the Northern Know Nothings as part of the plurality-winning Anti-Nebraska group.Greeley 1856 17 52 631,510 19.56% 19.25 Anti-Nebraska movement Did not contest 22Anti-Nebraska Democrat Lyman Trumbull won the general election in Illinois's 8th congressional district but resigned before the start of the term, reducing the Anti-Nebraska caucus to 21 seats.Dubin 1998 175n5 22 196,461 6.09% New party Republican Party (US) Did not contest 13 13 182,245 5.65% New party People's Party (Indiana) Did not contest 9 9 102,423 3.17% New party Free Soil Party 4 seats, 3.96% 1 3 22,928 0.71% 3.28 Independent politician 2 seatsIncluding 1 Independent and 1 Independent Democrat. 1Including 1 Independent Whig, Anthony E. Roberts, elected from Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. 1 84,196independents Including all votes for Independents, Benton Democrats, Independent Democrats, and Independent Americans. 2.61%independents 0.18 400px Results:#0671B0 Democratic gain #c49213 Whig gain#92C5DE Democratic hold #f3d586 Whig hold#9229ad Know Nothing gain #c9b500 Anti-Nebraska gain #CA0020 Republican gain#e08214 People's gain #90aa11 Free Soil gain #666666 Independent gain Speaker Linn Boyd Democratic Party (US) Nathaniel P. Banks Know Nothing States held the 1854–55 United States House of Representatives elections between August 4, 1854, and November 6, 1855, to elect the 234 members and five non-voting delegates of the United States House of Representatives. The Democratic Party remained the largest party but lost almost half its seats, while Know Nothings and the Anti-Nebraska movement made large gains. The Whig Party largely failed to capitalize on the weakness of its major rival, signaling the collapse of the Second Party System. Controversy surrounding the Kansas-Nebraska Act and nativist opposition to Catholic immigration dominated the 1854 United States elections. Popular outrage against the Nebraska law produced new political parties in Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Wisconsin that included most former Whigs, Free Soilers, and Anti-Nebraska Democrats.Holt 1999 858–59 As many as one in four Northern Democrats abandoned their party, while Democrats suffered a net loss of 70 seats in the free states.McPherson 1988 129 Northern Whigs hoped to benefit from Democratic misfortunes, but were weighed down by their own internal divisions and the rise of the Know Nothing movement in the Northeastern United States. Know Nothings swept Massachusetts and made gains in New York and Pennsylvania, where Whig candidates in some districts formed alliances with local lodges. In Iowa, Illinois, and Vermont, Whigs felt compelled to appeal to Free Soilers to shore up their sagging margins. The willingness of Northern Whigs to cooperate with Free Soilers and abolitionists, combined with the magnitude of Whig losses in the Northeast, led Southern Whigs to defect en masse to the Know Nothings in elections held in 1855.Holt 1999 866, 871, 878 No party controlled a majority in the lower chamber when the 34th United States Congress met in December 1855, leading to a protracted struggle to organize the House. Different groupings of Whigs, Know Nothings, and Anti–Nebraska men controlled between 105 and 117 seats in the House of Representatives, short of the 118 votes needed to elect a speaker. After two months of deadlock, the rule requiring a majority to elect the speaker was suspended; Massachusetts representative Nathaniel P. Banks was elected by a coalition of free state members on the 133rd ballot. The coalition supporting Banks became the base for the Republican Party, which emerged as the main opposition to the Democrats during the 1856 United States elections.McPherson 1988 144 Holt 1999 962–63 Results Analysis The elections took place over the span of 15 months, against the backdrop of a political realignment. Party arrangements had changed considerably by the time the House met in December 1855. Contemporaries and later historians advanced differing estimates of the state of parties at the beginning of the 34th Congress.McPherson 1988 143–44 Holt 1999 962–63 The Tribune Almanac for 1856 counts 79 "National Administration" Democrats, 37 proslavery Whigs and Know Nothings, 117 Anti-Nebraska men, and one vacancy at the start of the new term.Greeley 1856 17 The representatives counted as part of the Anti-Nebraska group were elected under a variety of labels, including as Know Nothings, Whigs, and Republicans.Greeley 1855 18 Kenneth C. Martis finds 83 Democrats, 51 Know Nothings, and 100 Opposition members in his 1989 study of political parties in the United States Congress.Martis 1989 108–09 Martis's "Opposition Party" is not a true historical political party, but an invented congressional caucus including representatives elected by several groups. Michael J. Dubin lists the representatives' parties at the time of their election, finding 82 Democrats, 52 Know Nothings, 54 Whigs, one Independent Whig, and 45 members elected by various antislavery parties.Dubin 1998 169–73 Author (Year) D Democrats KN Know Nothings Others V Vacant Greeley (1856) 79 37"Pro-Slavery" Whigs and Know Nothings 117 A Anti-Nebraska 1 McPherson (1988) 80 50 105 R Republicans 0 Martis (1989) 83 51 100 O Opposition 0 Dubin (1998) 82 52 100Including 54 Whigs, 22 Anti-Nebraska, 9 People's, 1 Free Soil Democrat, and 1 Independent Whig. 0 Results by state center|frameless|440x440px + ↓ 82 1 1 9 13 22 52 54 Democratic IW FS P Rep. Anti-Neb. Know Nothing Whig State Type Date Totalseats Democratic Whig Know Nothing Anti-NebraskaIncluding: Outgoing: 4 Free Soilers Incoming: 22 Anti-Nebraskans, 13 Republicans, 9 People's, and 1 Free Soil Democrat Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Arkansas Districts August 4, 1854 2 2 0 0 0 Iowa Districts August 7, 1854 2 1 1 0 0 Missouri Districts 7 1 2 6 2 0 0 Vermont Districts September 5, 1854 3 0 3 0 0 California At-large September 6, 1854 2 2 0 0 0 Maine Districts September 11, 1854 6 1 2 0 3 0 5 5 Florida At-large October 2, 1854 1 1 0 0 0 South Carolina Districts October 9–10, 1854 6 6 0 0 0 Indiana Districts October 10, 1854 11 2 8 0 1 0 9 9 Ohio Districts 21 0 12 0 7 0 21 19 Pennsylvania Districts 25 7 10 16Including 1 Independent Whig. 8 1 1 1 1 Illinois Districts November 7, 1854(Election Day)In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform date for choosing presidential electors (see: Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721). Congressional elections were unaffected by this law, but the date was gradually adopted by the states for congressional elections as well. 9 4 1 1 3 0 4 4 Michigan Districts 4 1 3 0 0 3 3 New Jersey Districts 5 1 3 4 3 0 0 New York Districts 33 5 16 24 14 4 4 0 1 Wisconsin Districts 3 1 2 0 0 2 2 Massachusetts Districts November 12, 1854 11 0 1 0 9 11 11 0 1 Delaware At-large November 14, 1854 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 Late elections (after the March 4, 1855 beginning of the term) New Hampshire Districts March 13, 1855 3 0 3 0 3 3 0 Connecticut Districts April 2, 1855 4 0 4 0 4 4 0 Rhode Island Districts April 4, 1855 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 Virginia Districts May 24, 1855 13 12 1 0 1 1 0 North Carolina Districts August 2, 1855 8 5 0 3 3 3 0 Tennessee Districts 10 5 0 5 5 5 0 Alabama Districts August 6, 1855 7 5 1 0 1 2 2 0 Kentucky Districts 10 4 1 0 5 6 6 0 Texas Districts 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 Georgia Districts October 1, 1855 8 6 0 2 2 2 0 Louisiana Districts November 5, 1855 4 3 0 1 1 1 0 Mississippi DistrictsAt-large district abolished in redistricting. November 5–6, 1855 5 4 1 0 1 1 0 Maryland Districts November 6, 1855 6 2 2 0 2 4 4 0 Total 234 8235.04% 75 5523.50% 16 5222.22% 52 4519.23% 41 Popular vote #ddd 900px 750px Democratic Democratic Party (US) 43.95 Know Nothing Know Nothing 19.56 Whig Whig Party (US) 18.00 Anti-Nebraska Anti-Nebraska movement 6.09 Republican Republican Party (US) 5.65 People's People's Party (Indiana) 3.17 Independent Independent politician 2.61 Free Soil Free Soil Party 0.71 Others #DDDDDD 0.26 House seats #ddd 900px 750px Democratic Democratic Party (US) 35.04 Whig Whig Party (US) 23.08 Know Nothing Know Nothing 22.22 Anti-Nebraska Anti-Nebraska movement 9.40 Republican Republican Party (US) 5.56 People's People's Party (Indiana) 3.85 Independent Whig Independent Whig 0.43 Free Soil Free Soil Party 0.43 Maps Special elections List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives 33rd Congress Dubin 1998 168 |- ! NY 29 X | Azariah Boody | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent resigned October 13, 1853.Hough 1858 75n3New member elected January 4, 1854.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Davis Carpenter (Whig) 43.82% Democratic Party (US)Frederick F. Backud (Democratic) 32.51% Free Soil PartyCalvin Huson (Free Soil) 20.87% |- ! PA 8 X | Henry A. Muhlenberg | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent died January 9, 1854.New member elected February 4, 1854.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) J. Glancy Jones (Democratic) 60.01% Whig Party (US)William H. Keim (Whig) 39.99% |- ! TN 1 X | Brookins Campbell | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent died December 25, 1853.New member elected March 9, 1854.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Nathaniel G. Taylor (Whig) 53.31% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Milligan (Democratic) 46.04% Whig Party (US)William Boyce (Whig) 0.65% |- ! MA 1 X | Zeno Scudder | | Whig | 1850 | | Incumbent resigned March 4, 1854.New member elected April 3, 1854.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Thomas D. Eliot (Whig) 52.04% Independent (US)Abraham H. Howland (Independent) 47.96% |- ! VA 11 X | John F. Snodgrass | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent died June 5, 1854.New member elected August 3, 1854.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Charles S. Lewis (Democratic) 54.11% Whig Party (US)Benjamin A. Smith (Whig) 45.89% |- ! NY 12 X | Gilbert Dean | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent resigned July 3, 1854.New member elected November 7, 1854.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Isaac Teller (Whig) 50.56% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Morse (Soft-Shell Democratic) 31.27% Democratic Party (US)Charles Robinson (Hard-Shell Democratic) 18.17% |- ! NY 22 X | Gerrit Smith | | Free Soil | 1852 | | Incumbent resigned August 7, 1854.New member elected November 7, 1854.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Henry C. Goodwin (Whig) 45.15% Democratic Party (US)Sidney T. Fairchild (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.30% Free Soil PartyFederal Dana (Free Soil) 17.79% Democratic Party (US)Zedock T. Bentley (Hard Shell Democratic) 9.77% |- ! KY 3 X | Presley Ewing | | Whig | 1851 | | Incumbent died September 27, 1854.New member elected November 13, 1854.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Francis Bristow (Whig) 81.58% UnknownA. J. Halberson (Unknown) 18.42% |} 34th Congress Dubin 1998 173 |- ! MA 10 X | Henry Morris | | Know Nothing | 1854 | | Incumbent resigned September 20, 1855.New member elected November 6, 1855.Know Nothing hold. | nowrap | Know Nothing Calvin C. Chaffee (Know Nothing) 35.96% Republican Party (US)John W. Foster (Republican) 33.16% Democratic Party (US)Haynes H. Chilson (Democratic) 25.29% Whig Party (US)Edward Dickinson (Whig) 5.60% |} Alabama 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama List of United States representatives from Alabama Alabama held elections on August 6, 1855. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! AL 1 X | Philip Phillips | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Percy Walker (Know Nothing) 52.40% Democratic Party (US)James A. Stallworth (Democratic) 47.60% |- ! AL 2 X | James Abercrombie | | Whig | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Eli S. Shorter (Democratic) 54.89% Know NothingJulius C. Alford (Know Nothing) 45.11% |- ! AL 3 X | James F. Dowdell | | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) James F. Dowdell (Democratic) 52.20% Know NothingThomas H. Watts (Know Nothing) 47.80% |- ! AL 4 X | William Russell Smith | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent re-elected to a new party.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing William Russell Smith (Know Nothing) 59.83% Democratic Party (US)Sydenham Moore (Democratic) 40.17% |- ! AL 5 X | George S. Houston | | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) George S. Houston (Democratic) 100.00% |- ! AL 6 X | Williamson R. W. Cobb | | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Williamson R. W. Cobb (Democratic) 62.87% Independent politicianJames M. Adams (Anti-Know Nothing Independent) 37.13% |- ! AL 7 X | Sampson Willis Harris | | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Sampson Willis Harris (Democratic) 57.28% Independent politicianWilliam B. Martin (Anti-Know Nothing Independent) 42.72% |} Arkansas 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas List of United States representatives from Arkansas Arkansas held elections on August 4, 1854. Dubin 1998 169 |- ! AR 1 X | Alfred B. Greenwood | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Alfred B. Greenwood (Democratic) 97.99% UnknownW. C. Myrtle (Unknown) 2.01% |- ! AR 2 X | Edward A. Warren | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Albert Rust (Democratic) 65.95% Whig Party (US)E. G. Walker (Whig) 34.05% |} California 1854 United States House of Representatives election in California List of United States representatives from California California held elections on September 6, 1854. Dubin 1998 169Each voter selected two candidates, who were elected at-large on a general ticket. Dubin calculates the percentage for each candidate out of the total number of ballots cast. |- ! rowspan=2 | CA AL X2 seats | Milton S. Latham | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent withdrew.Democratic hold. | rowspan=2 nowrap | Democratic Party (US) James W. Denver (Anti-Broderick Democratic) 44.81% Democratic Party (US) Philemon T. Herbert (Anti-Broderick Democratic) 44.47% Whig Party (US)George Washington Bowie (Whig) 42.28% Whig Party (US)Calhoun Benham (Whig) 41.88% Democratic Party (US)James Churchman (Broderick Democratic) 12.18% Democratic Party (US)James A. McDougall (Broderick Democratic) 12.13% Democratic Party (US)Milton S. Latham (Broderick Democratic) 2.24% |- | James A. McDougall | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic hold. |} Connecticut 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut List of United States representatives from Connecticut Connecticut held elections on April 2, 1855. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! CT 1 X | James T. Pratt | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Ezra Clark Jr. (Know Nothing) 52.11% Democratic Party (US)James T. Pratt (Democratic) 47.89% |- ! CT 2 X | Colin M. Ingersoll | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing John Woodruff (Know Nothing) 55.50% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Arnold (Democratic) 44.50% |- ! CT 3 X | Nathan Belcher | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Sidney Dean (Know Nothing) 67.51% Democratic Party (US)Joel W. White (Democratic) 32.49% |- ! CT 4 X | Origen S. Seymour | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing William W. Welch (Know Nothing) 56.07% Democratic Party (US)William H. Noble (Democratic) 43.93% |} Delaware 1854 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware List of United States representatives from Delaware Delaware held elections on November 14, 1854. Dubin 1998 169 |- ! DE AL X | George R. Riddle | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Elisha D. Cullen (Know Nothing) 51.85% Democratic Party (US)George R. Riddle (Democratic) 48.15% |} Florida 1854 United States House of Representatives election in Florida List of United States representatives from Florida Florida held elections on October 2, 1854. Dubin 1998 169 |- ! FL AL X | Augustus Maxwell | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Augustus Maxwell (Democratic) 55.26% Whig Party (US)Thomas Brown (Whig) 44.74% |} Georgia 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia List of United States representatives from Georgia Georgia held elections on October 1, 1855. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! GA 1 X | James Lindsay Seward | | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) James Lindsay Seward (Democratic) 57.62% Know NothingSamuel Varnadoe (Know Nothing) 42.38% |- ! GA 2 X | Alfred H. Colquitt | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Martin J. Crawford (Democratic) 51.99% Know NothingWillis Hawkins (Know Nothing) 48.01% |- ! GA 3 X | Jack Bailey | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Robert P. Trippe (Know Nothing) 53.96% Democratic Party (US)James M. Smith (Democratic) 46.04% |- ! GA 4 X | William B. W. Dent | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Hiram B. Warner (Democratic) 50.26% Know NothingBenjamin H. Hill (Know Nothing) 49.74% |- ! GA 5 X | Elijah W. Chastain | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John H. Lumpkin (Democratic) 58.61% Know NothingLewis Tumblin (Know Nothing) 41.39% |- ! GA 6 X | Junius Hillyer | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Howell Cobb (Democratic) 63.78% Know NothingLeonidas Franklin (Know Nothing) 36.22% |- ! GA 7 X | David A. Reese | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Nathaniel G. Foster (Know Nothing) 51.13% Democratic Party (US)Linton Stephens (Democratic) 48.87% |- ! GA 8 X | Alexander H. Stephens | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Democrat.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Alexander H. Stephens (Democratic) 65.35% Know Nothing C. A. Lafayette Lamar (Know Nothing) 34.65% |} Illinois 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois List of United States representatives from Illinois Illinois held elections on November 7, 1854. Dubin 1998 169–70 |- ! IL 1 X | Elihu B. Washburne | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Elihu B. Washburne (Republican) 69.33% Democratic Party (US)William M. Jackson (Democratic) 22.99% Anti-Nebraska movementE. P. Ferry (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 7.67% |- ! IL 2 X | John Wentworth | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) James H. Woodworth (Republican) 53.05% Whig Party (US)Robert S. Blackwell (Whig) 19.84% Democratic Party (US)John B. Turner (Democratic) 19.48% Anti-Nebraska movementEdward L. Mayo (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 7.63% |- ! IL 3 X | Jesse O. Norton | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Jesse O. Norton (Republican) 62.76% Democratic Party (US)John A. Drake (Democratic) 37.24% |- ! IL 4 X | James Knox | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James Knox (Whig) 57.22% Democratic Party (US)William McMurtry (Democratic) 42.79% |- ! IL 5 X | William A. Richardson | | Democratic | 1847 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William A. Richardson (Democratic) 52.38% Republican Party (US)Archibald Williams (Republican) 47.62% |- ! IL 6 X | Richard Yates | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas L. Harris (Democratic) 50.53% Republican Party (US)Richard Yates (Republican) 49.47% |- ! IL 7 X | James C. Allen | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected.Winner subsequently unseated. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) James C. Allen (Democratic) 50.003% Republican Party (US)William B. Archer (Republican) 49.997% |- ! IL 8 X | William Henry Bissell | | IndependentDemocrat | 1848 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska Democratic gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Lyman Trumbull (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 58.17% Democratic Party (US)Philip B. Fouke (Democratic) 38.98% UnknownNathaniel Buckmaster (Unknown) 2.85% |- ! IL 9 X | Willis Allen | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Samuel S. Marshall (Democratic) 62.10% Republican Party (US)L. Jay Turner (Republican) 21.27% UnknownDeWitt C. Barber (Unknown) 9.33% UnknownAlmerin Grow (Unknown) 7.30% |} Indiana 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana List of United States representatives from Indiana Indiana held elections on October 10, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! IN 1 X | Smith Miller | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Smith Miller (Democratic) 52.15% People's Party (Indiana)Sam Hall (People's) 47.85% |- ! IN 2 X | William Hayden English | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William Hayden English (Democratic) 51.70% People's Party (Indiana)Thomas C. Slaught (People's) 48.30% |- ! IN 3 X | Cyrus L. Dunham | | Democratic | 1849 | | Incumbent lost re-election.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) George G. Dunn (People's) 54.53% Democratic Party (US)Cyrus L. Dunham (Democratic) 45.47% |- ! IN 4 X | Jim Lane | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) William Cumback (People's) 51.92% Democratic Party (US)William G. Holman (Democratic) 48.08% |- ! IN 5 X | Samuel W. Parker | | Whig | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) David P. Holloway (People's) 64.25% Democratic Party (US)J. J. Buckles (Democratic) 35.75% |- ! IN 6 X | Thomas A. Hendricks | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent lost re-election.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) Lucien Barbour (People's) 51.41% Democratic Party (US)Thomas A. Hendricks (Democratic) 48.59% |- ! IN 7 X | John G. Davis | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent lost re-election.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) Harvey D. Scott (People's) 52.58% Democratic Party (US)John G. Davis (Democratic) 47.42% |- ! IN 8 X | Daniel Mace | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent re-elected to a new party.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) Daniel Mace (People's) 56.92% Democratic Party (US)James Davis (Democratic) 43.08% |- ! IN 9 X | Norman Eddy | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) Schuyler Colfax (People's) 54.85% Democratic Party (US)Norman Eddy (Democratic) 45.15% |- ! IN 10 X | Ebenezer M. Chamberlain | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) Samuel Brenton (People's) 56.00% Democratic Party (US)Ebenezer M. Chamberlain (Democratic) 44.00% |- ! IN 11 X | Andrew J. Harlan | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.People's gain. | nowrap | People's Party (Indiana) John U. Pettit (People's) 56.59% Democratic Party (US)J. R. Slack (Democratic) 43.41% |} Iowa 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa List of United States representatives from Iowa Iowa held elections on August 7, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! IA 1 X | Bernhart Henn | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Augustus Hall (Democratic) 50.27% Whig Party (US)R. L. Clark (Whig) 49.50% UnknownJ. L. Ashbaugh (Unknown) 0.23% |- ! IA 2 X | William Vandever | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James Thorington (Whig) 53.33% Democratic Party (US)Stephen P. Hempstead (Democratic) 46.09% UnknownAugustus Hall (Unknown) 0.57% |} Kentucky 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky List of United States representatives from Kentucky Kentucky held elections on August 6, 1855. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! KY 1 X | Linn Boyd | | Democratic | 1839 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Henry C. Burnett (Democratic) 62.03% Know NothingW. G. Hughes (Know Nothing) 37.97% |- ! KY 2 X | Benjamin E. Grey | | Whig | 1851 | | Incumbent retired or lost re-election.The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress claims Grey ran unsuccessfully for re-election in 1855, but official records show no votes for him in the general election.G000453 noneKnow Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing John P. Campbell Jr. (Know Nothing) 55.29% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Peyton (Democratic) 44.71% |- ! KY 3 X | Francis Bristow | | Whig | 1854 (special) | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Warner Underwood (Know Nothing) 56.88% Democratic Party (US)James P. Bates (Democratic) 43.12% |- ! KY 4 X | James Chrisman | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Albert G. Talbott (Democratic) 50.06% Know NothingFountain T. Fox (Know Nothing) 49.94% |- ! KY 5 X | Clement S. Hill | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Joshua Jewett (Democratic) 51.63% Know NothingC. G. Wintersmith (Know Nothing) 48.37% |- ! KY 6 X | John Milton Elliott | | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John M. Elliott (Democratic) 54.80% Know NothingGeorge W. Dunlap (Know Nothing) 45.20% |- ! KY 7 X | William Preston | | Whig | 1852 (special) | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Humphrey Marshall (Know Nothing) 61.29% Democratic Party (US)William Preston (Democratic) 38.71% |- ! KY 8 X | John C. Breckinridge | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Alexander K. Marshall (Know Nothing) 55.98% Democratic Party (US)James O. Harrison (Democratic) 44.02% |- ! rowspan=2 | KY 9 X | Leander Cox | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | rowspan=2 nowrap | Know Nothing Leander Cox (Know Nothing) 55.06% Democratic Party (US)Richard H. Stanton (Democratic) 44.94% |- | Richard H. StantonRedistricted from the KY 10 C | | Democratic | 1849 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic loss. |- ! KY 10 X | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the KY 9 C.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Samuel F. Swope (Know Nothing) 51.72% Democratic Party (US)Henry C. Harris (Democratic) 48.28% |} Louisiana 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana List of United States representatives from Louisiana Louisiana held elections on November 5, 1855. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! LA 1 X | William Dunbar | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing George Eustis Jr. (Know Nothing) 53.40% Democratic Party (US)Albert Fabre (Democratic) 46.60% |- ! LA 2 X | Theodore G. Hunt | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Miles Taylor (Democratic) 51.54% Know NothingTheodore G. Hunt (Know Nothing) 48.46% |- ! LA 3 X | John Perkins Jr. | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas G. Davidson (Democratic) 50.62% Know NothingPreston Pond Jr. (Know Nothing) 49.38% |- ! LA 4 X | Roland Jones | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John M. Sandidge (Democratic) 58.05% Know NothingWilliam B. Lewis (Know Nothing) 41.95% |} Maine 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Maine List of United States representatives from Maine Maine held elections on September 11, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! ME 1 X | Moses Macdonald | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) John M. Wood (Republican) 59.36% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Wells (Democratic) 39.90% UnknownLorenzo D. Wilkinson (Unknown) 0.73% |- ! ME 2 X | Samuel Mayall | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) John J. Perry (Republican) 56.88% Democratic Party (US)William K. Kimball (Democratic) 42.46% UnknownCharles J. Gilman (Unknown) 0.65% |- ! ME 3 X | E. Wilder Farley | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Ebenezer Knowlton (Republican) 43.94% Democratic Party (US)Jonathan G. Dickerson (Democratic) 30.78% Whig Party (US)E. Wilder Farley (Whig) 25.28% |- ! ME 4 X | Samuel P. Benson | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Samuel P. Benson (Republican) 77.12% Democratic Party (US)George Rogers (Democratic) 22.88% |- ! ME 5 X | Israel Washburn Jr. | | Whig | 1850 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Israel Washburn Jr. (Republican) 62.88% Democratic Party (US)Samuel H. Blake (Democratic) 37.12% |- ! ME 6 X | Thomas J. D. Fuller | | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas J. D. Fuller (Democratic) 41.29% Republican Party (US)James A. Milliken (Republican) 37.73% Whig Party (US)Noah Smith (Whig) 20.98% |} Maryland 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland List of United States representatives from Maryland Maryland held elections on November 6, 1865. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! MD 1 X | John Rankin Franklin | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) James A. Stewart (Democratic) 51.27% Know NothingJohn Dennis (Know Nothing) 48.73% |- ! MD 2 X | Jacob Shower | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing James B. Ricaud (Know Nothing) 56.58% Democratic Party (US)Jacob Shower (Democratic) 43.42% |- ! MD 3 X | Joshua Van Sant | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing J. Morrison Harris (Know Nothing) 50.21% Democratic Party (US)Joshua Van Sant (Democratic) 49.79% |- ! MD 4 X | William T. Hamilton | | Democratic | 1849 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Henry W. Davis (Know Nothing) 51.60% Democratic Party (US)William T. Hamilton (Democratic) 48.40% |- ! MD 5 X | Henry May | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Henry W. Hoffman (Know Nothing) 52.36% Democratic Party (US)Henry May (Democratic) 47.64% |- ! MD 6 X | Augustus Rhodes Sollers | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas F. Bowie (Democratic) 53.93% Know NothingWilliam Watkins (Know Nothing) 46.07% |} Massachusetts 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts List of United States representatives from Massachusetts Massachusetts held elections on November 12, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! MA 1 X | Thomas D. Eliot | | Whig | 1854 (special) | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Robert B. Hall (Know Nothing) 63.70% Whig Party (US)Thomas D. Eliot (Whig) 26.63% Democratic Party (US)Abraham H. Howland (Democratic) 9.66% |- ! MA 2 X | Samuel L. Crocker | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing James Buffinton (Know Nothing) 68.25% Whig Party (US)Samuel L. Crocker (Whig) 16.20% Democratic Party (US)Charles R. Vickery (Democratic) 9.00% Free Soil PartyGersham B. Weston (Free Soil) 6.55% |- ! MA 3 X | J. Wiley Edmands | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing William S. Damrell (Know Nothing) 74.76% Whig Party (US)Nathaniel F. Safford (Whig) 16.67% Democratic Party (US)Edward Avery (Democratic) 5.38% UnknownArthur W. Austin (Unknown) 3.19% |- ! MA 4 X | Samuel H. Walley | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Linus B. Comins (Know Nothing) 57.45% Whig Party (US)Samuel H. Walley (Whig) 32.00% Democratic Party (US)Samuel R. Skinner (Democratic) 10.55% |- ! MA 5 X | William Appleton | | Whig | 1850 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Anson Burlingame (Know Nothing) 61.64% Whig Party (US)William Appleton (Whig) 32.12% Democratic Party (US)William Parmenter (Democratic) 6.24% |- ! MA 6 X | Charles W. Upham | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Timothy Davis (Know Nothing) 65.39% Whig Party (US)Charles W. Upham (Whig) 28.44% Democratic Party (US)Nathaniel J. Lord (Democratic) 5.57% UnknownGeorge Hood (Unknown) 0.59% |- ! MA 7 X | Nathaniel P. Banks | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Nathaniel P. Banks (Know Nothing) 73.22% Whig Party (US)Luther Bell (Whig) 20.35% Democratic Party (US)Bowen Buckman (Democratic) 6.01% Scattering 0.43% |- ! MA 8 X | Tappan Wentworth | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Chauncey L. Knapp (Know Nothing) 62.80% Whig Party (US)Tappan Wentworth (Whig) 31.88% Democratic Party (US)Daniel Needham (Democratic) 5.32% |- ! MA 9 X | Alexander DeWitt | | Free Soil | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Alexander DeWitt (Know Nothing) 76.97% Democratic Party (US)Isaac Davis (Democratic) 13.36% Whig Party (US)Ira M. Barton (Whig) 7.45% UnknownAlfred Mowrey (Unknown) 1.42% UnknownWilliam P. Marble (Unknown) 0.46% Scattering 0.34% |- ! MA 10 X | Edward Dickinson | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Henry Morris (Know Nothing) 65.35% Whig Party (US)Edward Dickinson (Whig) 23.33% Democratic Party (US)Stephen C. Bemis (Democratic) 11.32% |- ! MA 11 X | John Z. Goodrich | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Mark Trafton (Know Nothing) 50.52% Whig Party (US)John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 30.42% Democratic Party (US)Whiting Griswold (Democratic) 19.06% |} Michigan 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan List of United States representatives from Michigan Michigan held elections on November 7, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! MI 1 X | David Stuart | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) William A. Howard (Republican) 53.10% Democratic Party (US)David Stuart (Democratic) 46.90% |- ! MI 2 X | David A. Noble | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Henry Waldron (Republican) 57.67% Democratic Party (US)David A. Noble (Democratic) 42.33% |- ! MI 3 X | Samuel Clark | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) David S. Walbridge (Republican) 55.83% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Clark (Democratic) 44.17% |- ! MI 4 X | Hestor L. Stevens | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) George W. Peck (Democratic) 53.25% Republican Party (US)Moses Wisner (Republican) 46.75% |} Mississippi 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi List of United States representatives from Mississippi Mississippi held elections on November 5–6, 1855. Dubin 1998 173 |- ! MS 1 X | Daniel B. Wright | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Daniel B. Wright (Democratic) 55.53% Know NothingJ. H. Taylor (Know Nothing) 44.47% |- ! MS 2 X | William S. Barry | | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Hendley S. Bennett (Democratic) 51.64% Know NothingL. E. Houston (Know Nothing) 48.36% |- ! MS 3 X | William BarksdaleRedistricted from the MS AL C | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William Barksdale (Democratic) 55.48% Know NothingJoseph B. Cobb (Know Nothing) 44.52% |- ! MS 4 X | Otho R. SingletonRedistricted from the MS 3 C | | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing William A. Lake (Know Nothing) 50.76% Democratic Party (US)Otho R. Singleton (Democratic) 49.24% |- ! MS 5 X | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John A. Quitman (Democratic) 59.31% Know NothingGiles M. Hillyer (Know Nothing) 40.69% |} Missouri 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri List of United States representatives from Missouri Missouri held elections on August 7, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! MO 1 X | Thomas H. Benton | | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Luther M. Kennett (Whig) 52.45% Democratic Party (US)Thomas H. Benton (Benton Democratic) 44.39% Democratic Party (US)Trusten Polk (Anti-Benton Democratic) 3.17% |- ! MO 2 X | Alfred W. Lamb | | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Gilchrist Porter (Whig) 54.29% Democratic Party (US)Tully Cornick (Benton Democratic) 45.71% |- ! MO 3 X | James J. Lindley | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James J. Lindley (Whig) 52.46% Democratic Party (US)Augustus W. Fournoy (Democratic) 47.54% |- ! MO 4 X | Mordecai Oliver | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Mordecai Oliver (Whig) 41.95% Democratic Party (US)S. L. Leonard (Anti-Benton Democratic) 34.21% Democratic Party (US)Shelton J. Howe (Benton Democratic) 19.08% Independent WhigJ. F. Pitt (Independent Whig) 4.76% |- ! MO 5 X | John G. Miller | | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John G. Miller (Whig) 46.16% Democratic Party (US)Thomas L. Price (Benton Democratic) 35.43% Democratic Party (US)Warwick Hough (Anti-Benton Democratic) 18.40% |- ! MO 6 X | John S. Phelps | | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John S. Phelps (Anti-Benton Democratic) 51.07% Democratic Party (US)Waldo P. Johnson (Benton Democratic) 48.93% |- ! MO 7 X | Samuel Caruthers | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Samuel Caruthers (Whig) 58.85% Democratic Party (US)Charles Jones (Democratic) 41.15% |} New Hampshire 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire List of United States representatives from New Hampshire New Hampshire held elections on March 13, 1855. Dubin 1998 173 |- ! NH 1 X | George W. Kittredge | | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing James Pike (Know Nothing) 56.29% Democratic Party (US)George W. Kittredge (Democratic) 43.71% |- ! NH 2 X | George W. Morrison | | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Mason Tappan (Know Nothing) 58.37% Democratic Party (US)George W. Morrison (Democratic) 41.63% |- ! NH 3 X | Harry Hibbard | | 1849 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Aaron H. Cragin (Know Nothing) 58.40% Democratic Party (US)William P. Wheeler (Democratic) 41.60% |} New Jersey 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey List of United States representatives from New Jersey New Jersey held elections on November 7, 1854. Dubin 1998 170 |- ! NJ 1 X | Nathan T. Stratton | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Isaiah D. Clawson (Whig) 42.94% Democratic Party (US)Thomas W. Mulford (Democratic) 30.02% Independent (US)John W. Hazelton (Temperance) 27.05% |- ! NJ 2 X | Charles Skelton | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) George R. Robbins (Whig) 57.56% Democratic Party (US)Nathaniel S. Rue (Democratic) 42.44% |- ! NJ 3 X | Samuel Lilly | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James Bishop (Whig) 54.35% Democratic Party (US)Samuel Lilly (Democratic) 45.65% |- ! NJ 4 X | George Vail | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) George Vail (Democratic) 51.65% Anti-Nebraska movementPeter Osborne (Independent Anti-Nebraska) 48.35% |- ! NJ 5 X | Alexander C. M. Pennington | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Alexander C. M. Pennington (Whig) 54.42% Democratic Party (US)John Darcy (Democratic) 45.58% |} New York 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in New York List of United States representatives from New York New York held elections on November 7, 1854. Dubin 1998 170–71 |- ! NY 1 X | James Maurice | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing William Valk (Know Nothing) 30.97% Democratic Party (US)Daniel B. Allen (Hard Shell Democratic) 20.34% Whig Party (US)Harvey W. Vail (Whig) 19.67% Democratic Party (US)Frederick Lord (Soft Shell Democratic) 16.36% Independent (US)Gabriel P. Disosway (Temperance) 12.05% Scattering 0.62% |- ! NY 2 X | Thomas W. Cumming | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James S. T. Stranahan (Whig) 50.98% Democratic Party (US)George Taylor (Democratic) 49.02% |- ! NY 3 X | Hiram Walbridge | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Guy R. Pelton (Whig; Know Nothing) 49.06% Democratic Party (US)George D. Clinton (Hard Shell Democratic) 30.70% Democratic Party (US)William Miner (Soft Shell Democratic) 20.24% |- ! NY 4 X | Michael Walsh | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Kelly (Soft Shell Democratic) 40.54% Democratic Party (US)Michael Walsh (Hard Shell Democratic) 40.30% Whig Party (US)Sanford L. Macomber (Whig) 10.89% Know NothingJohn W. Boyce (Know Nothing; Independent Whig) 8.27% |- ! NY 5 X | William M. Tweed | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Thomas R. Whitney (Know Nothing; Whig) 30.86% Whig Party (US)George H. Andrews (Whig) 25.71% Democratic Party (US)Phillip Hamilton (Hard Shell Democratic) 25.26% Democratic Party (US)Abraham J. Berry (Soft Shell Democratic) 18.16% |- ! NY 6 X | John Wheeler | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Wheeler (Hard Shell Democratic) 46.30% Democratic Party (US)John M. Murphy (Soft Shell Democratic) 22.99% Whig Party (US)Charles H. Marshall (Whig) 20.47% Independent DemocratCharles D. Mead (Independent Democrat) 10.24% |- ! NY 7 X | William A. Walker | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Thomas Child Jr. (Whig; Know Nothing) 56.29% Democratic Party (US)William D. Kennedy (Democratic) 43.71% |- ! NY 8 X | Francis B. Cutting | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Abram Wakeman (Whig) 51.87% Democratic Party (US)James L. Curtis (Hard Shell Democratic) 32.52% Democratic Party (US)Edward B. Fellows (Soft Shell Democratic) 15.61% |- ! NY 9 X |Jared V. Peck | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Bayard Clarke (Know Nothing; Whig) 59.56% Democratic Party (US)Benjamin Brandreth (Hard Shell Democratic) 17.64% Democratic Party (US)James R. Whiting (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.04% Anti-Nebraska movementJared V. Peck (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 2.95% Independent (US)Benjamin V. Bailey (Independent) 2.82% |- ! NY 10 X | William Murray | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Ambrose S. Murray (Whig) 44.05% Democratic Party (US)Charles S. Woodworth (Hard Shell Democratic) 38.59% Democratic Party (US)Jonathan Stratton (Soft Shell Democratic) 17.36% |- ! NY 11 X | Theodoric R. Westbrook | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Rufus H. King (Whig) 62.98% Democratic Party (US)Elisha P. Strong (Democratic) 37.02% |- ! NY 12 X | Isaac Teller | | Whig | 1854 (special) | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Killian Miller (Whig) 51.07% Democratic Party (US)Hugh McClelland (Soft Shell Democratic) 33.78% Democratic Party (US)William H. Wilson (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.16% |- ! NY 13 X | Russell Sage | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Russell Sage (Whig) 63.22% Democratic Party (US)Henry A. Clum (Soft Shell Democratic) 18.86% Democratic Party (US)Alanson Cook (Hard Shell Democratic) 17.92% |- ! NY 14 X | Rufus W. Peckham | |Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Samuel Dickson (Whig) 30.91% Know NothingJohn W. Harcourt (Know Nothing) 28.45% Democratic Party (US)John V. L. Pruyn (Soft Shell Democratic) 25.61% Democratic Party (US)Hamilton David (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.03% |- ! NY 15 X | Charles Hughes | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Edward Dodd (Whig) 37.57% Democratic Party (US)Orville Clark (Hard Shell Democratic) 35.34% Democratic Party (US)Charles Hughes (Soft Shell Democratic) 13.73% Independent (US)James M. Andrews (Temperance) 13.36% |- ! NY 16 X | George A. Simmons | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) George A. Simmons (Whig) 48.18% Know NothingJerome B. Bailey (Know Nothing) 27.06% Democratic Party (US)Gorton T. Thomas (Soft Shell Democratic) 15.02% Democratic Party (US)Joseph R. Flanders (Hard Shell Democratic) 9.75% |- ! NY 17 X | Bishop Perkins | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Francis E. Spinner (Soft Shell Democratic) 50.62% Whig Party (US)Henry P. Alexander (Whig) 36.00% Democratic Party (US)Nathaniel S. Benton (Hard Shell Democratic) 13.38% |- ! NY 18 X | Peter Rowe | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Thomas R. Horton (Whig) 51.32% Democratic Party (US)Isaac Jackson (Democratic) 48.68% |- ! NY 19 X |George W. Chase | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Jonas A. Hughston (Whig) 43.25% Democratic Party (US)Lewis R. Palmer (Soft Shell Democratic) 41.33% Free Soil Party (US)William B. Hawes (Free Soil) 8.59% Democratic Party (US)Hezekiah Sturgis (Hard Shell Democratic) 6.84% |- ! NY 20 X | Orsamus B. Matteson | |Whig | nowrap | 1848 1850 (retired) 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Orsamus B. Matteson (Whig) 38.16% Democratic Party (US)William C. Johnson (Soft Shell Democratic) 30.40% Independent WhigBenjamin N. Huntington (Independent Whig) 27.98% Democratic Party (US)Nasman W. Moore (Soft Shell Democratic) 3.46% |- ! NY 21 X | Henry Bennett | |Whig | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Henry Bennett (Whig) 56.03% Democratic Party (US)Edward Tompkins (Hard Shell Democratic) 32.04% Democratic Party (US)Oliver C. Crocker (Soft Shell Democratic) 11.93% |- ! NY 22 X | Gerrit Smith | | Free Soil | 1852 | | Incumbent resigned August 7, 1854.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Andrew Z. McCarty (Whig) 32.19% Democratic Party (US)Leander Babcock (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.50% Free Soil Party (US)Charles G. Case (Free Soil) 21.24% Democratic Party (US)William Lewis (Hard Shell Democratic) 19.08% |- ! NY 23 X | Caleb Lyon | | Independent | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) William A. Gilbert (Whig) 46.35% Democratic Party (US)Willard Ives (Soft Shell Democratic) 41.86% Democratic Party (US)Lysander Brown (Hard Shell Democratic) 11.22% Radical Abolitionist PartyReuben Goodale (Radical Abolitionist) 0.58% |- ! NY 24 X | Daniel T. Jones | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Amos P. Granger (Whig) 37.50% Democratic Party (US)Thomas G. Alvord (Soft Shell Democratic) 32.08% Know NothingB. Davis Noxon (Know Nothing) 26.62% Democratic Party (US)Sanford Parker (Hard Shell Democratic) 3.80% |- ! NY 25 X | Edwin B. Morgan | | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Edwin B. Morgan (Whig) 48.35% Democratic Party (US)George H. Middleton (Soft Shell Democratic) 43.50% Democratic Party (US)William F. Aldrich (Hard Shell Democratic) 8.15% |- ! NY 26 X | Andrew Oliver | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Andrew Oliver (Soft Shell Democratic) 47.74% Whig Party (US)James M. Seeley (Whig) 37.06% Democratic Party (US)Thomas M. Howell (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.20% |- ! NY 27 X | John J. Taylor | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John M. Parker (Whig) 61.27% Democratic Party (US)John G. McDowell (Soft Shell Democratic) 26.45% Democratic Party (US)Stephen B. Cushing (Hard Shell Democratic) 12.28% |- ! NY 28 X | George Hastings | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) William H. Kelsey (Whig) 68.90% Democratic Party (US)George Hastings (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.72% Democratic Party (US)Leman Gibbs (Hard Shell Democratic) 3.38% |- ! NY 29 X | Davis Carpenter | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Williams (D-SS Soft Shell Democratic; KN Know Nothing) 47.94% Whig Party (US)Davis Carpenter (Whig) 36.13% Democratic Party (US)Joseph Sibley (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.94% |- ! NY 30 X | Benjamin Pringle | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Benjamin Pringle (Whig) 57.59% Democratic Party (US)Albert P. Laning (Soft Shell Democratic) 23.62% Democratic Party (US)Charles W. Belden (Hard Shell Democratic) 14.59% Free Soil Party (US)Nathan V. Hull (Free Soil) 4.19% |- ! NY 31 X | Thomas T. Flagler | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Thomas T. Flagler (Whig) 76.63% Democratic Party (US)Alden S. Blair (Democratic) 13.12% Free Soil Party (US)Edward J. Chase (Free Soil) 10.25% |- ! NY 32 X | Solomon G. Haven | | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Solomon G. Haven (Whig) 59.21% Democratic Party (US)Israel T. Hatch (Soft Shell Democratic) 35.15% Democratic Party (US)Nelson Randall (Hard Shell Democratic) 5.64% |- ! NY 33 X | Reuben Fenton | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Francis S. Edwards (Know Nothing) 55.49% Democratic Party (US)Reuben Fenton (Soft Shell Democratic) 42.47% Democratic Party (US)Ebenezer A. Lester (Hard Shell Democratic) 1.64% Whig Party (US)George W. Patterson (Whig) 0.40% |} North Carolina 1855 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina List of United States representatives from North Carolina North Carolina held elections on August 9, 1855. Dubin 1998 173 |- ! NC 1 X | Henry M. Shaw | | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Robert Treat Paine (Know Nothing) 51.71% Democratic Party (US)Henry M. Shaw (Democratic) 48.29% |- ! NC 2 X | Thomas Hart Ruffin | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas Hart Ruffin (Democratic) 66.05% Know NothingThomas J. Latham (Know Nothing) 33.95% |- ! NC 3 X | William S. Ashe | | 1849 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Warren Winslow (Democratic) 54.94% Know NothingDavid Reid (Know Nothing) 45.06% |- ! NC 4 X | Sion H. Rogers | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (Democratic) 61.67% Know NothingJames B. Shepard (Know Nothing) 38.33% |- ! NC 5 X | John Kerr Jr. | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Edwin Godwin Reade (Know Nothing) 65.28% Whig Party (US)John Kerr Jr. (Whig) 34.72% |- ! NC 6 X | Richard C. Puryear | | Whig | 1853 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Richard C. Puryear (Know Nothing) 51.45% Democratic Party (US)Alfred Moore Scales (Democratic) 48.55% |- ! NC 7 X | F. Burton Craige | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) F. Burton Craige (Democratic) 62.17% Know NothingSamuel N. Stowe (Know Nothing) 37.83% |- ! NC 8 X | Thomas L. Clingman | | 18431845 (lost)1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas L. Clingman (Democratic) 55.10% Know NothingLeander B. Carmichael (Know Nothing) 44.90% |} Ohio List of United States representatives from Ohio Ohio held elections on October 10, 1854. Dubin 1998 171 |- ! OH 1 X | David T. Disney | | 1848 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Timothy C. Day (Anti-Nebraska) 63.46% Democratic Party (US)George H. Pendleton (Democratic) 36.54% |- ! OH 2 X | John Scott Harrison | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement John Scott Harrison (Anti-Nebraska) 66.02% Democratic Party (US)William S. Groesbeck (Democratic) 33.98% |- ! OH 3 X | Lewis D. Campbell | | Whig | 1848 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Lewis D. Campbell (Anti-Nebraska) 58.25% Democratic Party (US)Clement Vallandigham (Democratic) 41.75% |- ! OH 4 X | Matthias H. Nichols | | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Matthias H. Nichols (Anti-Nebraska) 70.19% Democratic Party (US)G. V. Dorsey (Democratic) 29.81% |- ! OH 5 X | Alfred Edgerton | | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Richard Mott (Anti-Nebraska) 61.62% Democratic Party (US)Henry S. Cowager (Democratic) 38.38% |- ! OH 6 X | Andrew Ellison | | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Jonas R. Emrie (Anti-Nebraska) 65.29% Democratic Party (US)Andrew Ellison (Democratic) 34.71% |- ! OH 7 X | Aaron Harlan | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Aaron Harlan (Anti-Nebraska) 81.14% Democratic Party (US)Benjamin B. Hinkson (Democratic) 18.86% |- ! OH 8 X | Moses Bledso Corwin | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Benjamin Stanton (Anti-Nebraska) 75.84% Democratic Party (US)Enoch G. Dial (Democratic) 23.10% Unknown Party (US)J. Newell (Unknown) 1.06% |- ! OH 9 X | Frederick W. Green | | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Cooper K. Watson (Anti-Nebraska) 59.92% Democratic Party (US)Josiah S. Plants (Democratic) 40.08% |- ! OH 10 X | John L. Taylor | | 1846 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Oscar F. Moore (Anti-Nebraska) 65.32% Democratic Party (US)James W. Davis (Democratic) 34.68% |- ! OH 11 X | Thomas Ritchey | | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Valentine B. Horton (Anti-Nebraska) 58.70% Democratic Party (US)Lot L. Smith (Democratic) 41.30% |- ! OH 12 X | Edson B. Olds | | 1848 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Samuel Galloway (Anti-Nebraska) 60.28% Democratic Party (US)Edson B. Olds (Democratic) 39.72% |- ! OH 13 X | William D. Lindsley | | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement John Sherman (Anti-Nebraska) 59.79% Democratic Party (US)William D. Lindsley (Democratic) 40.21% |- ! OH 14 X | Harvey H. Johnson | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Philemon Bliss (Anti-Nebraska) 59.26% Democratic Party (US)Harvey H. Johnson (Democratic) 40.74% |- ! OH 15 X | William R. Sapp | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement William R. Sapp (Anti-Nebraska) 58.99% Democratic Party (US)William Dunbar (Democratic) 41.01% |- ! OH 16 X | Edward Ball | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Edward Ball (Anti-Nebraska) 58.89% Democratic Party (US)William Galligher (Democratic) 41.11% |- ! OH 17 X | Wilson Shannon | | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Charles J. Albright (Anti-Nebraska) 58.07% Democratic Party (US)Daniel H. Wire (Democratic) 41.93% |- ! OH 18 X | George Bliss | | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Benjamin F. Leiter (Anti-Nebraska) 63.36% Democratic Party (US)Ebenezer Spaulding (Democratic) 36.64% |- ! OH 19 X | Edward Wade | | Free Soil | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Edward Wade (Anti-Nebraska) 71.07% Democratic Party (US)Eli T. Wilder (Democratic) 28.42% UnknownIrad Kelly (Unknown) 0.50% |- ! OH 20 X | Joshua Reed Giddings | | Free Soil | 1843 | | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Nebraska.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Joshua Reed Giddings (Anti-Nebraska) 64.83% Democratic Party (US)Eusebius Lee (Democratic) 35.17% |- ! OH 21 X | Andrew Stuart | | Democratic | 1848 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Anti-Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement John Bingham (Anti-Nebraska) 65.31% Democratic Party (US)Andrew Stuart (Democratic) 34.69% |} Pennsylvania 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania Pennsylvania held elections on October 10, 1854. Dubin 1998 171–72 |- ! PA 1 X | Thomas B. Florence | | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas B. Florence (Democratic) 51.77% Whig Party (US)Edward J. Morris (Whig) 48.23% |- ! PA 2 X | Joseph R. Chandler | | Whig | 1848 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Job R. Tyson (Whig) 54.63% Democratic Party (US)John Hamilton (Democratic) 33.82% Independent WhigJoseph R. Chandler (Independent Whig) 11.56% |- ! PA 3 X | John Robbins | | Democratic | 1848 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) William Millward (Whig) 51.59% Democratic Party (US)James Landy (Democratic) 48.41% |- ! PA 4 X | William Henry Witte | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Jacob Broom (Know Nothing) 49.63% Democratic Party (US)Henry Myer Phillips (Democratic) 44.08% Whig Party (US)John Lambert (Whig) 6.29% |- ! PA 5 X | John McNair | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Cadwalader (Democratic) 50.03% Whig Party (US)Nathan A. Jones (Whig) 49.97% |- ! PA 6 X | William Everhart | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Hickman (Democratic) 58.97% Whig Party (US)John M. Broomall (Whig) 41.03% |- ! PA 7 X | Samuel A. Bridges | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Samuel C. Bradshaw (Whig) 51.03% Democratic Party (US)Samuel A. Bridges (Democratic) 48.97% |- ! PA 8 X | J. Glancy Jones | | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) J. Glancy Jones (Democratic) 59.77% Whig Party (US)John C. Myers (Whig) 40.23% |- ! PA 9 X | Isaac E. Hiester | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Independent Whig gain. | nowrap | Independent Whig Anthony E. Roberts (Independent Whig) 39.37% Whig Party (US)Isaac E. Hiester (Whig) 33.79% Democratic Party (US)Joseph S. Lefevre (Democratic) 26.84% |- ! PA 10 X | Ner Middleswarth | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John C. Kunkel (Whig) 55.99% Democratic Party (US)Amos Boughter (Democratic) 43.01% UnknownGeorge A. Seiler (Unknown) 0.99% |- ! PA 11 X | Christian M. Straub | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James H. Campbell (Whig) 38.87% Democratic Party (US)William L. Dewart (Democratic) 36.68% Democratic Party (US)Joseph W. Cake (Democratic) 21.90% Know NothingKimber Klever (Know Nothing) 2.56% |- ! PA 12 X | Hendrick B. Wright | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Henry M. Fuller (Whig) 56.26% Democratic Party (US)Hendrick B. Wright (Democratic) 43.74% |- ! PA 13 X | Asa Packer | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Asa Packer (Democratic) 58.67% Whig Party (US)Edward F. Stewart (Whig) 41.33% |- ! PA 14 X | Galusha A. Grow | | Democratic | 1850 | |Incumbent re-elected as a Free Soil Democrat.Free Soil Democratic gain. | nowrap | Free Soil Party Galusha A. Grow (Free Soil Democratic) 95.22% UnknownJim Grow (Unknown) 4.56% UnknownOlin L. Hawley (Unknown) 0.23% |- ! PA 15 X | James Gamble | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John J. Pearce (Whig) 55.90% Democratic Party (US)Allison White (Democratic) 44.10% |- ! PA 16 X | William H. Kurtz | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Lemuel Todd (Whig) 51.65% Democratic Party (US)J. Ellis Booham (Democratic) 48.35% |- ! PA 17 X | Samuel L. Russell | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) David F. Robison (Whig) 51.71% Democratic Party (US)Wilson Reilly (Democratic) 48.29% |- ! PA 18 X | John McCulloch | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John R. Edie (Whig) 72.36% Independent WhigJacob Croswell (Independent Whig) 27.64% |- ! PA 19 X | Augustus Drum | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John Covode (Whig) 58.67% Democratic Party (US)Augustus Drum (Democratic) 41.33% |- ! PA 20 X | John L. Dawson | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Jonathan Knight (Whig) 56.46% Democratic Party (US)William Montgomery (Democratic) 43.54% |- ! PA 21 X | David Ritchie | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) David Ritchie (Whig) 64.85% Democratic Party (US)Charles Shaler (Democratic) 35.15% |- ! PA 22 X | Thomas M. Howe | | Whig | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Samuel A. Purviance (Whig) 58.71% Democratic Party (US)Orrin D. Palmer (Democratic) 37.97% Know NothingI.T. Robinson (Know Nothing) 1.86% Democratic Party (US)I.G. Bruning (Democratic) 1.26% UnknownNeville B. Craig (Unknown) 0.20% |- ! PA 23 X | Michael C. Trout | | Democratic | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John Allison (Whig) 60.15% Democratic Party (US)Michael C. Trout (Democratic) 39.85% |- ! PA 24 X | Carlton Brandage Curtis | | Democratic | 1850 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic hold. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) David Barclay (Democratic) 73.34% Independent DemocraticRichard Arthurs (Independent Democrat) 26.25% UnknownCarlton B. Curtis (Unknown) 0.41% |- ! PA 25 X | John Dick | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) John Dick (Whig) 100.0% |} Rhode Island List of United States representatives from Rhode Island Rhode Island held elections on April 4, 1855. Dubin 1998 173 |- ! RI 1 X | Thomas Davis | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Nathan B. Durfee (Know Nothing) 75.97% Democratic Party (US)Thomas Davis (Democratic) 24.03% |- ! RI 2 X | Benjamin B. Thurston | | Democratic | 1851 | | Incumbent re-elected to a new party.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Benjamin B. Thurston (Know Nothing) 88.30% UnknownScattering 11.70% |} South Carolina List of United States representatives from South Carolina South Carolina held elections on October 9 and 10, 1854. Dubin 1998 172 |- ! SC 1 X | John McQueen | | 1849 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John McQueen (Democratic) 67.44% UnknownI. D. Wilson (Unknown) 32.56% |- ! SC 2 X | William Aiken Jr. | | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William Aiken Jr. (Democratic) 96.44% UnknownW. C. Clayton (Unknown) 3.56% |- ! SC 3 X | Laurence M. Keitt | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Laurence M. Keitt (Democratic) 100.00% |- ! SC 4 X | Preston Brooks | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Preston Brooks (Democratic) 66.84% UnknownGarlington (Unknown) 33.16% |- ! SC 5 X | James L. Orr | | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) James L. Orr (Democratic) ** no data |- ! SC 6 X | William W. Boyce | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William W. Boyce (Democratic) ** no data |} Tennessee List of United States representatives from Tennessee Tennessee held elections on August 2, 1855, after the start of the term but before Congress convened. Dubin 1998 173 |- ! TN 1 X | Nathaniel G. Taylor | | Whig | 1854 (special) | |Incumbent lost re-election as a Know Nothing.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Albert G. Watkins (Democratic) 50.32% Know NothingNathaniel G. Taylor (Know Nothing) 48.57% Unknown Party (US)A. G. Graham (Unknown) 1.11% |- ! | TN 2 X | William M. Churchwell | | 1851 | |Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing William H. Sneed (Know Nothing) 52.15% Democratic Party (US)David H. Cummins (Democratic) 47.85% |- ! TN 3 X | Samuel A. Smith | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Samuel A. Smith (Democratic) 51.78% Know NothingJosiah M. Anderson (Know Nothing) 48.22% |- ! TN 4 X | William Cullom | | Whig | 1851 | |Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John H. Savage (Democratic) 51.96% Know NothingWilliam Cullom (Know Nothing) 48.04% |- ! TN 5 X | Charles Ready | | Whig | 1853 | |Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Charles Ready (Know Nothing) 91.79% Democratic Party (US)Edwin A. Keeble (Democratic) 8.21% |- ! TN 6 X | George W. Jones | | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. | Democratic Party (US) George W. Jones (Democratic) 66.63% Know NothingPowhatan Gordon (Know Nothing) 33.37% |- ! TN 7 X | Robert M. Bugg | | Whig | 1853 | |Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John V. Wright (Democratic) 57.24% Know NothingWilliam Kendrick (Know Nothing) 42.76% |- ! TN 8 X | Felix Zollicoffer | | Whig | 1853 | |Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Felix Zollicoffer (Know Nothing) 58.89% Democratic Party (US)Granville C. Torbett (Democratic) 41.11% |- ! TN 9 X | Emerson Etheridge | | Whig | 1853 | |Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Emerson Etheridge (Know Nothing) 51.82% Democratic Party (US)Thomas J. Freeman (Democratic) 48.18% |- ! TN 10 X | Frederick P. Stanton | | 1845 | |Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Thomas Rivers (Know Nothing) 53.29% Democratic Party (US)David M. Currin (Democratic) 46.71% |} Texas List of United States representatives from Texas Dubin 1998 173 |- ! TX 1 X | George W. Smyth | | Democratic | 1853 | | Incumbent retired.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing Lemuel D. Evans (Know Nothing) 50.10% Democratic Party (US)Matthias Ward (Democratic) 49.90% |- ! TX 2 X | Peter Hansborough Bell | | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Peter H. Bell (Democratic) 60.76% Know NothingJohn Hancock (Know Nothing) 39.24% |} Vermont List of United States representatives from Vermont Dubin 1998 172 |- ! VT 1 X | James Meacham | | Whig | 1849 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) James Meacham (Whig) 71.35% Democratic Party (US)Solomon W. Jewett (Democratic) 28.65% |- ! VT 2 X | Andrew Tracy | | Whig | 1852 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Justin S. Morrill (Whig) 50.25% Democratic Party (US)J. W. Parker (Democratic) 35.07% Free Soil Party (US)Oscar L. Shafter (Free Soil Democratic) 14.67% |- ! VT 3 X | Alvah Sabin | | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Whig Party (US) Alvah Sabin (Whig) 68.54% Democratic Party (US)William Heywood (Democratic) 31.46% |} Virginia List of United States representatives from Virginia Dubin 1998 173 |- ! VA 1 X | Thomas H. Bayly | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas H. Bayly (Democratic) 79.08% UnknownRobert L. Montague (Unknown) 9.54% UnknownRichard L. T. Beale (Unknown) 2.30% UnknownJoseph Segar (Unknown) 1.50% UnknownJennings (Unknown) 1.15% Scattering 6.42% |- ! VA 2 X | John Millson | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Millson (Democratic) 53.29% Know NothingWatts (Know Nothing) 46.71% |- ! VA 3 X | John S. Caskie | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John S. Caskie (Democratic) 52.12% Know NothingW. C. Scott (Know Nothing) 47.88% |- ! VA 4 X | William Goode | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William Goode (Democratic) 61.27% Know NothingLittleton Tazewell (Know Nothing) 38.73% |- ! VA 5 X | Thomas S. Bocock | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Thomas S. Bocock (Democratic) 57.25% Know NothingNathaniel C. Claiborne (Know Nothing) 42.75% |- ! VA 6 X | Paulus Powell | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Paulus Powell (Democratic) 56.68% Know NothingLigon (Know Nothing) 43.32% |- ! VA 7 X | William Smith | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) William Smith (Democratic) 78.01% Independent politicianP. Johnson Barbour (Independent) 13.76% Independent politicianDavid Funsten (Independent) 8.22% |- ! VA 8 X | Charles J. Faulkner | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Charles J. Faulkner (Democratic) 50.71% Know NothingAlexander Boteler (Know Nothing) 49.29% |- ! VA 9 X | John Letcher | | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) John Letcher (Democratic) 94.08% UnknownAlexander H. H. Stuart (Unknown) 1.84% Scattering 4.07% |- ! VA 10 X | Zedekiah Kidwell | | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Zedekiah Kidwell (Democratic) 54.50% Know NothingWilliam K. Pendleton (Know Nothing) 45.50% |- ! VA 11 X | Charles S. Lewis | | 1854 (special) | | Incumbent lost re-election.Know Nothing gain. | nowrap | Know Nothing John S. Carlile (Know Nothing) 51.20% Democratic Party (US)Charles S. Lewis (Democratic) 48.80% |- ! VA 12 X | Henry A. Edmundson | | 1849 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Henry A. Edmundson (Democratic) 53.99% Know NothingWaller R. Staples (Know Nothing) 46.01% |- ! VA 13 X | Fayette McMullen | | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Fayette McMullen (Democratic) 59.18% Know NothingTrigg (Know Nothing) 40.82% |} Wisconsin List of United States representatives from Wisconsin Dubin 1998 172 |- ! WI 1 X | Daniel Wells Jr. | | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Daniel Wells Jr. (Democratic) 54.62% Republican Party (US)Wyman Spooner (Republican) 45.38% |- ! WI 2 X | Ben C. Eastman | | 1850 | | Incumbent retired.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Cadwallader C. Washburn (Republican) 59.50% Democratic Party (US)Otis Hoyt (Democratic) 39.76% UnknownDavid Taylor (Unknown) 0.74% |- ! WI 3 X | John B. Macy | | 1852 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain. | nowrap | Republican Party (US) Charles Billinghurst (Republican) 55.94% Democratic Party (US)John B. Macy (Democratic) 36.00% Independent politicianHarvey G. Turner (Independent) 8.06% |} Non-voting delegates Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives 33rd Congress YesGreeley 1855 64 |- ! Kansas Territory AL X | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.Pro-Slavery gain. | nowrap | Independent Democrat John W. Whitfield (Pro-Slavery) 79.70% Independent politicianRobert P. Flenniken (Independent) 10.76% Anti-Nebraska movementJohn A. Wakefield (Free State) 8.75% UnknownJohn B. Chapman (Unknown) 0.56% Scattering 0.21%Blackmar 1912 559 |- ! Nebraska Territory AL X | colspan=3 | None (new seat)Hadley D. Johnson and Thomas Johnson were each extralegally elected to this seat in 1853, but neither was seated by the House.Morton 1907 147 | | New seat.Anti-Nebraska Democratic gain. | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Napoleon B. Giddings (Anti-Nebraska DemocraticLetter to the editor https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn82003410/1854-12-29/ed-1/?sp=2 Daily Union December 29, 1854) 47.66% Democratic Party (US)Hadley D. Johnson (DemocraticWe are authorized to announce [...] https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn84020241/1854-11-08/ed-1/?sp=2 Nebraska Palladium November 8, 1854) 33.50% Democratic Party (US)Bird B. Chapman (Democratic) 14.41% Democratic Party (US)Joseph Dyson (Democratic) 2.65% UnknownAbner W. Hollister (Unknown) 1.77%Morton 1907 190 |} 34th Congress YesGreeley 1856 64 |- ! rowspan=2 | Kansas Territory AL X | rowspan=2 | John Wilkins Whitfield | rowspan=2 | Pro-Slavery | rowspan=2 | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected.Winner later unseated.kansas Rival governments of the Kansas Territory held separate elections for this seat during Bleeding Kansas. Proslavery border ruffians elected Whitfield on October 1, 1855; antislavery free staters elected Reeder on October 9.Andreas 1883 211 The House declared both elections illegitimate on August 4, 1856, leading to a special election later that year.Bartlett 1865 204 | nowrap | Independent Democrat John W. Whitfield (Pro-Slavery) 99.38% Scattering 0.62%Andreas 1883 211 |- | | Incumbent did not contest.Free State gain.Winner subsequently not seated.kansas | nowrap | Anti-Nebraska movement Andrew H. Reeder (Free State) 100.00%Andreas 1883 211 |- ! Minnesota Territory AL X | Henry M. Rice | | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Henry M. Rice (Democratic) 46.00% Republican Party (US)William R. Marshall (Republican) 32.46% Anti-Nebraska movementDavid Olmsted (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 21.54% |- ! Nebraska Territory AL X | Napoleon B. Giddings | | Anti-Nebraska Democratic | 1854 | | Incumbent retired.Nebraska gain. | nowrap | Independent Democrat Bird B. Chapman (Nebraska) 50.79% Anti-Nebraska movementHiram P. Bennet (Anti-Nebraska) 49.21% |- ! New Mexico Territory AL X | José Manuel Gallegos | | MexicanDemocratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected.Winner later unseated. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) José Manuel Gallegos (Mexican Democratic) 50.36% Democratic Party (US)Miguel A. Otero (American Democratic) 49.64%News from New Mexico https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn83026172/1855-11-02/ed-1/?sp=3 Daily National Intelligencer November 2, 1855Gonzales 2016 302 |- ! Oregon Territory AL X | Joseph Lane | | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Democratic Party (US) Joseph Lane (Democratic) 61.04% Know NothingJohn P. Gaines (Know Nothing) 38.96% |} See also 1854 United States elections List of United States House of Representatives elections (1824–1854) 1854–55 United States Senate elections 33rd United States Congress 34th United States Congress Notes References Bibliography Primary sources Greeley Horace The Whig Almanac and United States Register for 1855 1855 none Albany, NY https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044024222341&seq=441 Greeley Horace The Tribune Almanac and Political Register for 1856 1856 none Albany, NY https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3726576&seq=23 Hough Franklin B. The New York Civil List [...] 1858 none Albany, NY https://archive.org/details/newyorkcivillist00houg Secondary sources Andreas A. T. History of the State of Kansas [...] 1883 none Chicago https://www.google.com/books/edition/History_of_the_State_of_Kansas/5t09AQAAMAAJ Bartlett D. W. Cases of Contested Elections in Congress, from 1834 to 1865, Inclusive 1865 none Washington, D.C. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Cases_of_Contested_Elections_in_Congress/3MgTAAAAYAAJ Blackmar Frank W. Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History [...] 1912 Standard Publishing Company Chicago https://www.google.com/books/edition/Kansas/Qi9cXyTWt9EC Dubin Michael J. https://books.google.com/books?id=9ElyQgAACAAJ&q=United+States+Congressional+Elections,+1788-1997:+The+Official+Results United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses March 1, 1998 McFarland and Company 978-0786402830 Gonzales Phillip B. Politica: Nuevomexicanos and American Political Incorporation, 1821–1910 2016 University of Nebraska Press Lincoln https://www.google.com/books/edition/Pol%C3%ADtica/890nDwAAQBAJ Holt Michael F. The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War 1999 Oxford University Press New York 978-0-19-505544-3 https://archive.org/details/risefallofameric0000holt_a7l7 Martis Kenneth C. https://books.google.com/books?id=q0hyQgAACAAJ&q=The+Historical+Atlas+of+Political+Parties+in+the+United+States+Congress,+1789-1989 The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989 1989 Macmillan Publishing Company 978-0029201701 McPherson James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era 1988 Oxford University New York https://archive.org/details/battlecryoffreed0000unse Morton J. Sterling Illustrated History of Nebraska 1907 Jacob North and Company Lincoln, NE https://www.google.com/books/edition/Illustrated_History_of_Nebraska/u1JKAAAAYAAJ https://books.google.com/books?id=sKERAQAAMAAJ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections 1994 Congressional Quarterly Inc. 978-0871879967 Moore John L. Third none Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present http://history.house.gov/Institution/Party-Divisions/Party-Divisions/ Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives January 21, 2015 External links Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives) Category:Presidency of Franklin Pierce Category:Slavery in the United States Category:Schuyler Colfax