2008 H5N1 outbreak in West Bengal

Bird flu outbreak in India September 2024 September 2024 WB0809H5N1.png Avian influenza H5N1 West Bengal The 2008 bird flu outbreak in West Bengal was an occurrence of avian influenza in West Bengal, India which began in January 2008.H5N1 strikes poultry in India again https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/avian-influenza-bird-flu/h5n1-strikes-poultry-india-again CIDRAP 15 January 2008 12 June 2021 en The infection was caused by the H5N1 subtype of the Influenza A virus and impacted at least thirteen districts, including Birbhum, Nadia, Murshidabad, Burdwan, Hooghly, Cooch Behar, Malda, Bankura, Purulia, Howrah, West Midnapore, South 24 Parganas and South Dinajpur. A range of precautions were instituted including a large cull of chickens, eggs, and poultry birds, the imposition of segregation zones, and a disinfection programme for the plant.November 2023 The government put a blanket ban on the movement of poultry birds from West Bengal 5 February 2008, but repealed it a week later.Chakraborti Chhanda 2009-11-10 Pandemic Management and Developing World Bioethics: Bird Flu in West Bengal Developing World Bioethics 9 3 161–166 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2008.00240.x 29862474 18699841 The first outbreak in 2008 began in January, with confirmation from the World Organisation for Animal Health established through lab tests on 15 January 2008. This outbreak continued through 31 October 2008.2008-10-31 Follow-up Report No. 7 OIE 7471 http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000007471_20081104_152919.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090219131617/http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000007471_20081104_152919.pdf 2009-02-19 World Organisation for Animal Health 2024-09-04 A second outbreak began in Assam in November 2008, confirmed through lab tests on 27 November 2008.2008-11-28 Immediate Notification report OIE7566 http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000007566_20081128_154658.pdf dead World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20090219132307/http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000007566_20081128_154658.pdf 2009-02-19 2024-09-04 This outbreak continued through 27 October 2009.2009-10-27 Follow-up report No. 13 http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000008557_20091027_155555.pdf World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20091128060042/http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000008557_20091027_155555.pdf 2009-11-28 2024-09-04 A third wave occurred from 15 January 2010 through 2 June 2010.Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals (Type H5 and H7) http://www.oie.int/downld/AVIAN%20INFLUENZA/A2010_AI.php dead World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20110107064017/http://www.oie.int/downld/AVIAN%20INFLUENZA/A2010_AI.php 2011-01-07 2024-09-04 A fourth wave followed in Assam in February 2011, confirmed through lab tests on 16 February.2011-02-17 Immediate Notification report OIE 10264 http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000010264_20110217_152510.pdf dead World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20140708164610/http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000010264_20110217_152510.pdf 2014-07-08 2024-09-04 That outbreak did not reach West Bengal.2011-07-04 Follow-up report No.3 OIE 0766 http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000010766_20110705_164456.pdf dead World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20140708153812/http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000010766_20110705_164456.pdf 2014-07-08 2024-09-04 A fifth outbreak began in August 2011, once again in Assam, confirmed through lab tests on 8 September 2011.2011-09-08 Immediate Notification report OIE 10993 http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000010993_20110908_180641.pdf dead World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20140708170355/http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000010993_20110908_180641.pdf 2014-07-08 2024-09-04 and continued through 28 December 2011; the district of Nadia was affected.2011-12-29 Follow-up report No. 2 OIE 11428 http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000011428_20111229_154949.pdf dead World Organisation for Animal Health https://web.archive.org/web/20140708213711/http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_fup_0000011428_20111229_154949.pdf 2014-07-08 2024-09-04 Spread The World Organisation of Animal Health stated that the villages of Rampurhat, Nalhati, and Mayureswar in Birbhum initially reported the outbreak on 4 January 2008. A farm in Dakshin Dinajpur reported an initial outbreak on 7 January 2008. However, local officials did not notify the central government of the "hundreds" of dead birds reported by villagers in Rampurhat as early as 15 December 2007.Bhattacharya Ravik 2008-01-24 How West Bengal allowed bird flu to fly http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/How-West-Bengal-allowed-bird-flu-to-fly/264990/ dead The Indian Express https://web.archive.org/web/20081120173817/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/How-West-Bengal-allowed-bird-flu-to-fly/264990/ 2008-11-20 Further, Dr. Pradeep Kumar had issued a statement to the Chief Secretaries of each state advising them of the outbreak spreading from Pakistan and Myanmar on 24 December 2007.2007-12-24 D.O. No. 50-193/2006-LDT(AQ) https://dahd.nic.in/flu/preparedness24Dec,2007.pdf National Informatics Centre dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090619063556/https://dahd.nic.in/flu/preparedness24Dec,2007.pdf 2009-06-19 2024-09-04 By 10 January, 9,500 bird deaths had been reported.Rao Arni S.R. Srinivasa 2008-06-01 Modeling the rapid spread of avian influenza (H5N1) in India Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 5 3 523–537 10.3934/mbe.2008.5.523 35527481 18616356 free The number rose to 96,010 as reported by seven districts on 19 January.2008-01-19 Bird flu spreads further in West Bengal, culling on https://twocircles.net/2008jan19/bird_flu_spreads_further_west_bengal_culling.html Two Circles 2024-09-05 The government set a goal of culling 2,000,000 birds by 19 January, but by 23 January, only 430,000 had been killed. Veterinarians were deployed into West Bengal from eight other states with the goal of eliminating 2.1 million birds by the end of January 2008.2008-01-22 Bird flu: West Bengal govt faces flak http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080039165&ch=1/23/2008%2011:20:00%20PM NDTV.com dead https://archive.today/20130129164112/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080039165&ch=1/23/2008%2011:20:00%20PM 2013-01-29 Archive Today Animal husbandry minister Anisur Rahaman reported that nearly 2.5 million birds had been slaughtered in two weeks.Roberts Mike 2008-02-02 Four years later, bird flu continues to spread https://books.google.com/books?id=lkNIAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA8 Record-Journal 141 33 8 2024-09-04 This first wave resulted in the death or destruction of 4,441,226 birds;11 West Bengal accounted for 4,248,213 of those. + Timeline of Spread, 1st Wave District Date of Confirmation Birbhum 15 January2008-01-15 Immediate Notification report OIE 6678 http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000006678_20080115_150844.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090219132239/http://www.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000006678_20080115_150844.pdf 2009-02-19 World Organisation for Animal Health 2024-09-04 South Dinajpur 15 January Murshidabad 17 January3 Bankura 19 January3 Burdwan 19 January3 Malda 19 January3 Nadia 19 January3 Howrah 22 January4 Purulia 22 January4 Cooch Behar 23 January5 Hooghly 23 January5 South 24 Paraganas 25 January5 West Midnapore (Paschim Mednipur) 25 January6 Darjeeling 1 May9 The second wave reached Malda in West Bengal 13 December 2008. Local governments dispatched teams to begin destroying avian livestock on 4 January 2009.Schnirring Lisa 2009-01-05 H5N1 spreads to more Indian districts https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/avian-influenza-bird-flu/h5n1-spreads-more-indian-districts CIDRAP 2024-09-04 During this wave, a total of 672,655 birds died or were destroyed across India6 with West Bengal accounting for 156,307 of those. + Timeline of Spread, 2nd Wave District Date of Confirmation Malda 13 December 20083 Darjeeling 1 January 20095 Jalpaiguri 3 January 2009 Cooch Behar 29 January 20095 South Dinajjpur 14 February 20096 The next wave known to have affected West Bengal through reports from the World Organisation for Animal Health began in August 2011, reaching Nadia on 14 September. Data indicates that only Nadia was affected, with the outbreak lasting through 28 December 2011 and resulting in the death or destruction of 48,581 birds. Containment efforts No human infection of H5N1 was reported in West Bengal throughout the outbreak in 2008 and 2009.Chakrabarti Alok K. Pawar Shailesh D. Cherian Sarah S. Koratkar Santosh S. Jadhav Santosh M. Pal Biswajoy Raut Satish Thite Vishal Kode Sadhana S. Keng Sachin S. Payyapilly Bestin J. Mullick Jayati Mishra Akhilesh C. 2009-11-16 Characterization of the Influenza A H5N1 Viruses of the 2008-09 Outbreaks in India Reveals a Third Introduction and Possible Endemicity PLOS One 4 11 e7846 10.1371/journal.pone.0007846 free 2775943 19924254 2009PLoSO...4.7846C There had been concern due to three samples being submitted to the National Institute of Communicable Diseases for testing, which were all declared negative by 22 January 2008. By the time of the second wave, epidemiologists expressed concern that the strain might mutate with seasonal flu and kill millions, reigniting concern of contagion among the human populace.2009-01-03 India's West Bengal reports fresh bird flu outbreak https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSDEL176179/ Reuters 2024-09-05 The ministry of Animal Resource Development admitted to not wanting to affect the 5,000,000,000 INR West Bengali poultry industry, but by the end of January 2008, the region's poultry industry had already lost 1,000,000,000 INR.2008-01-25 WB culls 1 mn birds to combat bird flu https://www.hindustantimes.com/kolkata/wb-culls-1-mn-birds-to-combat-bird-flu/story-uWHNbrcvgkGu6XymcpsVnI.html Hindustan Times 2024-09-05 The culling workers hired by either the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare or the ARD had no medical training, no testing equipment, and left the jobs when they did not receive the expected compensation of 50 INR. Officials have been criticized for their conflicting messaging throughout the pandemic. Sharad Pawar, Agriculture Minister, laid the blame for the lack of action on the CPM, with local CPM leaders encouraging a resistance to culling efforts. A general lack of knowledge among poultry farmers as to the nature and virulence of H5N1 has also been acknowledged as a possible cause of its range and longevity.Ahuja Vinod Dhawan Mamta Punjabi Meeta Maarse Lucy April 2008 Poultry based livelihoods of rural poor: Case of Kuroiler in West Bengal http://sapplpp.org/publications/files-repository/goodpractices/doc012-PoultryBasedLRP-Kuroiler-updated09Mar31.pdf South Asia Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Programme 2024-09-0539 The government began issuing leaflets by 25 January 2008 in an effort to educate the public, while the Border Security Force closed the Dharla River ferry and police officers accompanied culling workers to prevent any retaliation from villagers.2008-01-25 West Bengal: Purulia is 10th district to be hit by bird flu https://www.rediff.com/news/2008/jan/25bird3.htm Rediff.com 2024-09-05 However, poultry farmers smuggled birds from the area due to low compensation from the government, leaving officials to raid the farms at night. Initially, the government offered only 40 INR for a country chicken, 30 INR for a broiler chicken, and 10 INR for chicks. In Margram, villagers still sold the chickens that had died from the flu for 10 INR per 1 kg lb.2008-01-17 Bird flu cull begins in West Bengal https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-19524 The Daily Star 2024-09-05 In one village, locals demanded infrastructure be built in exchange for handing over their poultry. References Category:Disease outbreaks in India Category:Influenza pandemics Category:2008 disease outbreaks Category:Avian influenza outbreaks Category:2000s in West Bengal Category:Disasters in West Bengal Category:2008 disasters in India Category:Health in West Bengal Category:2000s epidemics Category:Epidemics in India Category:Manmohan Singh administration