1703 Genroku earthquake

Earthquake near Edo in the Kantō region, Japan 1703 Genroku earthquake yes December 31, 1703 02:00 Japan 8.2 s yeshttps://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/1163 Significant Earthquake Information 1972 31 March 2022 National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information 10.7289/V5TD9V7K National Geophysical Data Center 34.7 139.8 inline,title type:event_region:JP_scale:1000000 Tokyo, Japan yes 5,233–200,000 1703 Genroku earthquake intensity.png The 1703 Genroku earthquake 元禄大地震 Genroku Daijishin occurred at 02:00 local time on December 31 (17:00 December 30 UTC). The epicenter was near Edo, the forerunner of present-day Tokyo, in the southern part of the Kantō region, Japan. An estimated 2,300 people were killed by the destruction and subsequent fires. The earthquake triggered a major tsunami which caused many additional casualties, giving a total death toll of at least 5,233, possibly up to 200,000. Genroku is a Japanese era spanning from 1688 through 1704. Tectonic setting The Kantō Region lies at the complex triple junction, where the convergent boundaries between the subducting Pacific and Philippine Sea plates and the overriding North American and Eurasian plates meet. Earthquakes with epicenters in the Kanto region may occur within the Eurasian plate, at the Eurasian plate/Philippine Sea plate interface, within the Philippine Sea plate, at the Philippine Sea plate/Pacific plate interface or within the Pacific plate. In addition to this set of major plates, it has been suggested that there is also a separate 25 km thick, 100 km wide body, a fragment of Pacific plate lithosphere.Toda S. Stein R.S., Kirby S.H. & Bozkurt S.B. 2008 A slab fragment wedged under Tokyo and its tectonic and seismic implications Nature Geoscience 1 771–776 10.1038/ngeo318 11 2008NatGe...1..771T The 1703 earthquake is thought to have involved rupture of the interface between the Eurasian plate and the Philippine Sea plate. Earthquake The earthquake was associated with areas of both uplift and subsidence. On both the Bōsō Peninsula and Miura Peninsula a clear paleo shoreline has been identified, indicating up to 5 m of uplift near Mera (about 8 km south of Tateyama) and up to 1.2 m of uplift on Miura, increasing to the south.Shishikura M. 2003 Cycle of Interplate Earthquake Along the Sagami Trough, Deduced from Tectonic Geomorphology Bulletin of Earthquake Research International University of Tokyo 78 245–254 http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/BERI/pdf/IHO78303.pdf ja This distribution of uplift, coupled with modelling of the tsunami, indicate that at least two and probably three fault segments ruptured during the earthquake.Stein R.S. Toda S., Parsons T. & Grunewald E. 2006 A new probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for greater Tokyo Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 364 1845 1965–88 Royal Society 10.1098/rsta.2006.1808 16844644 https://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/reports/reprints/Stein_PRSLA_364.pdf 13 November 2011 2006RSPTA.364.1965S 98258 Tsunami The tsunami had run-up heights of 5 m or more over a wide area, with a maximum of 10.5 m at Wada and 10 m at both Izu Ōshima and Ainohama. Damage The area of greatest damage due to the earthquake shaking was in Kanagawa Prefecture, although Shizuoka Prefecture was also affected. The earthquake caused many large fires, particularly at Odawara, increasing both the degree of damage and the number of deaths. A total of 8,007 houses were destroyed by the shaking and a further 563 houses by the fires, causing 2,291 deaths. About 400 km of coastline was severely affected by the tsunami,https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/event-more-info/367 Tsunami Event Information National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service: NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information 10.7289/V5PN93H7 22 March 2024 with deaths being caused from Shimoda on the east coast of the Izu Peninsula in the west to Isumi on the east side of the Bōsō Peninsula to the east. There was also a single death on the island of Hachijō-jima about 180 km south of the earthquake's epicentre, where the tsunami was 3 m high.https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/runup-more-info/255 Runup Information National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service: NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information 10.7289/V5PN93H7 22 March 2024 The total number of casualties from earthquake, fires and tsunami has been reported as 5,233. Other estimates cite much higher figures, with 10,000 in total,http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/utsuweq_bak_eng.html Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World Utsu T. 2004 IISEE 13 November 2011 21 July 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100721030928/http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/utsuweq_bak_eng.html dead and one source that gives 200,000. See also List of earthquakes in Japan List of historical earthquakes References http://www.stfrancis.edu/ns/bromer/earthsci/EarthScienceMon/student5/WEBPAGE/1703.html December 31, 1703 – Genroku 2007-12-12 The University of St. Francis dead https://web.archive.org/web/20070712164005/http://www.stfrancis.edu/ns/bromer/earthsci/EarthScienceMon/student5/WEBPAGE/1703.html July 12, 2007 http://www.hp1039.jishin.go.jp/eqchreng/5-2-2.htm The Genroku Earthquake 2007-12-12 External links Seismological Society of Japan 番号 129 Category:Megathrust earthquakes in Japan Category:Tsunamis in Japan Category:1700s earthquakes Genroku Category:18th-century tsunamis Category:1703 disasters Category:Earthquakes of the Edo period Category:18th-century disasters in Japan