1990 Russian Supreme Soviet election

none 1990 Russian Supreme Soviet election Russian SFSR parliamentary no 1985 Russian Supreme Soviet election 1985 4 March 1990 (first round)14–18 March 1990 (second round) 1993 Russian legislative election 1993 All 1068 seats to the Congress of People's Deputies 535 76.4% (first round, 23.57 pp)65.8% (second round) 150x150px Mikhail Gorbachev Communist Party of the Soviet Union 11 March 1985 920 File:Boris Yeltsin 1 February 1989-1. (cropped)jpg.png Boris Yeltsin(main) Other Other candidates(Democrats, nationalists,independents et cetera) 148 1990 Russian Congress of People's Deputies election turnout map.svg Election turnout by region:#31A354 60–70%#006D2C 70–80%#094722 80–90%#081A0E >90% 300px Chairman of the Supreme Soviet Nikolai Gribachev Communist Party of the Soviet Union Boris Yeltsin CPSUBoris Yeltsin was elected as a member of the CPSU. In the elections for Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, he was nominated by the Democratic Russia electoral bloc against the CPSU candidates. Yeltsin left the CPSU at the 28th Congress on 12 July 1990. yes Premier Aleksandr Vlasov Ivan Silayev Legislative elections were held in the Russian SFSR in March 1990 as part of the regional elections across the Soviet Union. The first round was held on 4 March, and the second round on 14, 17 and 18 March. Members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) won 920 of the 1,068 seats, although several were supporters of the Democratic Russia movement. They were the first and only free elections to the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. The legislature became the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and was dissolved by Yeltsin in October 1993 during the constitutional crisis of 1993 and replaced by the Federal Assembly. Electoral system The electoral system was changed following criticism of the 1989 Soviet Union legislative election. The seats for social organisations were abolished and candidate nomination criteria were relaxed, with the local electoral commission screening stage scrapped.https://macsphere.mcmaster.ca/bitstream/11375/10972/1/fulltext.pdf The emerging political party system in Russia: 1986–1992 Neil C. Levine 1995 The elections were held using the two-round system; to be elected in the first round, a candidate had to receive over 50% of the vote and voter turnout be at least 50%. Of the 1,068 seats in the Congress of People's Deputies, 900 were elected in territorial constituencies and 168 in national-territorial constituencies (84 from krais, oblasts and the cities of Leningrad and Moscow, 64 from 16 autonomous republics, 10 from five autonomous oblasts and 10 from autonomous okrugs).http://www.politika.su/gos/ndrs.html Congress of People’s Deputies and the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR / Russian Federation 2008-03-03 Politika ru The elected members of the Congress of People's Deputies in turn elected members of the Supreme Soviet.http://www.untag-smd.ac.id/files/Perpustakaan_Digital_2/POLITICS%20AND%20GOVERNMENT%20Russian%20politics%20and%20society.pdf Russian politics and society Richard Sakwa 102–103 Campaign A total of 6,705 candidates contested the elections.https://muse.jhu.edu/article/225652/pdf Election Watch Journal of Democracy 1 3 Summer 1990 132–137 The CPSU was the only party to contest the elections, but was challenged by independent opposition candidates in nearly every seat,https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-03-04-mn-2814-story.html Vote to Test Party’s Local, Regional Power : Soviet Union: Political landscapes of three republics hinge on what dominates at the polls today: anger or apathy. The Los Angeles Times 4 March 1990 with only 33 uncontested. There were four main categories of candidates; Traditional Leninist communists, reformist communists supporting Mikhail Gorbachev's policies, Russian nationalists/neo-Stalinists, and democrats. Conduct While fraud was not widespread, several independent candidates were arbitrarily blocked from standing by having their registration refused, while some candidates' names were omitted from ballot papers. Vote counting was rigged in some areas where independent observers were unable to attend. With the media still dominated by the CPSU, the elections were deemed to be "semi-free". Results Only 121 seats were filled in the first round, with 947 going to a second round. Seven seats were left unfilled due to the turnout threshold requirement not being met. Voter turnout was 77% in the first round and 69% in the second. Although 920 of the elected members were members of the CPSU, around 350 of those elected (CPSU or independents) were deemed to be in the democratic bloc and supportive of the Democratic Russia programme. File:Russian SFSR Congress of People's Deputies 1990.svg Communist Party of the Soviet Union 920 Non-partisans #DDDDDD 148 Aftermath The elected Congress began its first session on 16 May. Among the elected deputies from the CPSU was Boris Yeltsin, who was then elected by the Congress as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR, effectively the leader of Russia.http://www.gorby.ru/rubrs.asp?art_id=15056&rubr_id=175&page=5 Chronicle of Perestroika 2008-03-03 The Gorbachev Foundation ru dead https://archive.today/20070502084319/http://www.gorby.ru/rubrs.asp?art_id=15056&rubr_id=175&page=5 2007-05-02 Many CPSU members, including Yeltsin, subsequently resigned from the CPSU. The CPSU was temporarily banned by Yeltsin in August 1991 in the aftermath of the August Coup, and the CPSU, along with the Soviet Union, collapsed completely by December of the same year. Notes References Legislative Russia Category:Legislative elections in Russia Legislative Category:Perestroika Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results Category:Supreme Soviet of Russia Category:One-party elections Russia Category:Elections in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic