1970 Soviet nuclear tests

1970 Soviet Union nuclear bomb tests List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union 1970 Nuclear Blast Animation Rising Mushroom Cloud.gif Nuclear blast animation Soviet Union Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Mangystau, Kazakhstan; NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia; Orenburg, Russia; Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan 1970 16 underground shaft, tunnel 2.2 MtTNT in 1969 Soviet nuclear tests 1971 Soviet nuclear tests 1970 Soviet nuclear tests The Soviet Union's 1970 nuclear test series was a group of 16 nuclear tests conducted in 1970. These testsA bomb test may be a salvo test, defined as two or more explosions "where a period of time between successive individual explosions does not exceed 5 seconds and where the burial points of all explosive devices can be connected by segments of straight lines, each of them connecting two burial points and does not exceed 40 kilometers in length". V. N. Mikhailov Catalog of World Wide Nuclear Testing Begell-Atom, LLC http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm 2013-12-17 https://web.archive.org/web/20140426102201/http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm 2014-04-26 dead followed the 1969 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1971 Soviet nuclear tests series. + Soviet Union's 1970 series tests and detonations Name The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known. Date time (UT) Local time zoneTo convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. Historical time zone data obtained from the IANA time zone database.Time Zone Historical Database iana.com http://www.ietf.org/timezones/ March 8, 2014 LocationRough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area. Elevation + height Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together. Delivery,Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.Purpose Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down. DeviceDesignations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed. YieldEstimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie). FalloutRadioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released. References Notes 316 - 1316 dmy 1970 1 29 07:03:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 802 49.7956 78.1239 316 - 1 inline 000727727 m on + tunnel,weapon effect 000420000 42 kt 316 - 2316 dmy 1970 1 29 07:03:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 802 49.7956 78.1239 316 - 2 inline 000727727 m on + tunnel,weapon effect 000000000 unknown yield 316 - 3316 dmy 1970 1 29 07:03:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 802 49.7956 78.1239 316 - 3 inline 000727727 m on + tunnel,weapon effect 000000000 unknown yield 317317 dmy 1970 2 18 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Sh-2 49.73395 78.09982 317 inline 000700700 m on + tunnel,safety experiment 000000010 1000 kg 318318 dmy 1970 3 27 05:02:59.6 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 610 49.7478 77.999 318 inline 000698698 m on + tunnel,peaceful research 000065000 6.5 kt 319319 dmy 1970 5 27 04:03:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Sh-3 49.73183 78.0975 319 inline 000580580 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000009000 900 t 320 Magistral (Highway)320 Magistral (Highway) dmy 1970 6 25 04:59:55.5 SVET (5 hrs) Orenburg, Russia: 1T-2S 52.201 55.692 320 Magistral (Highway) inline 000000 – 700 m on underground shaft,cavity excavation 000023000 2.3 kt Create reservoirs for gas storage. 321321 dmy 1970 6 28 01:58:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 510 49.8015 78.1068 321 inline 000324656 m on – 332 m on tunnel,weapons development 000880000 88 kt 322 - 1322 dmy 1970 6 28 01:58:?? ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 705 49.77677 78.04981 322 - 1 inline 000650650 m on + tunnel,peaceful research 000000000 unknown yield 322 - 2322 dmy 1970 6 28 01:58:?? ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 705 49.77677 78.04981 322 - 2 inline 000650650 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 323323 dmy 1970 7 21 03:02:59.7 ALMT (6 hrs) Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 104 49.95295 77.67238 323 inline 000460460 m on + underground shaft,weapons development 000230000 23 kt 324324 dmy 1970 7 24 03:57:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 120 49.8097 78.1284 324 inline 000732732 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000200000 20 kt 326326 dmy 1970 9 6 04:02:59.9 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 8 49.75975 78.00533 326 inline 000752752 m on + tunnel,peaceful research 000340000 34 kt 325325 dmy 1970 9 6 04:03:?? ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 502 49.79349 78.00537 325 inline 000680680 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 327 - 1327 dmy 1970 10 14 05:59:57.57 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: A-6 73.304 55.027 327 - 1 inline 000000100 m on – 1200 m on tunnel,weapons development 022000000 2.2 Mt Venting detected off site, 2 MCi PBq on 327 - 2327 dmy 1970 10 14 05:59:57.6 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: A-6 73.304 55.027 327 - 2 inline 000100100 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 327 - 3327 dmy 1970 10 14 05:59:57.6 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: A-6 73.304 55.027 327 - 3 inline 000100100 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 328328 dmy 1970 11 4 06:02:59.8 ALMT (6 hrs) Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 125 49.98947 77.76208 328 inline 000460460 m on + underground shaft,peaceful research 000270000 27 kt Testing of a special explosive for valley cratering, used for the Tiaga event. 329 Say-Utes 6T329 Say-Utes 6T dmy 1970 12 12 07:00:59.8 SHET (5 hrs) Mangystau, Kazakhstan: 6T 43.851 54.774 329 Say-Utes 6T inline 000000 – 740 m on underground shaft,industrial 000800000 80 kt Alluvial cratering, possibly testing for thermonuke test site. 330330 dmy 1970 12 17 07:01:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 193 49.7456 78.0992 330 inline 000624624 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000260000 26 kt 331 Say-Utes 1T331 Say-Utes 1T dmy 1970 12 23 07:00:59.8 SHET (5 hrs) Mangystau, Kazakhstan: 1-T 43.89355 54.89875 331 Say-Utes 1T inline 000000 – 500 m on underground shaft,industrial 000750000 75 kt Alluvial cratering, possibly testing for thermonuke test site. note References RFNC-VNIIEF 1996 USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990 Sarov, Russia The official Russian list of Soviet tests. Podvig Pavel 2001 Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces MIT Press Cambridge, MA 9780262661812 https://books.google.com/books?id=CPRVbYDc-7kC&pg=PA453 January 9, 2014 Cochran Thomas B. Arkin William M. Robert S. Norris Jeffrey I. Sands Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons Harper and Row New York, NY Khalturin Vitaly I. Tatyana G. Rautian Paul G. Richards 2000 10.1007/pl00001153 Chemical explosions during 1961-1989 on the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan Pure and Applied Geophysics 158 143–171 128953780 http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf December 13, 2013 March 4, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120004/http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf dead Thurber Clifford Chad Trabant Renate Hartog Assessing Event Location Capability with Ground Truth Events at the Degelen Mountain Test Site, Kazakhstan Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Arms Control Technology Division, Nuclear Treaties Branch DSWA01-98-10008 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA529919.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20131215064824/http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA529919 live December 15, 2013 December 13, 2013 Yang Xiaoping Robert North Carl Romney August 2000 CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3) SMDC Monitoring Research Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4 December 1, 2004 IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security http://www-ns.iaea.org/downloads/rw/waste-safety/north-test-site-final.pdf December 13, 2013 Nordyke M.D. The Soviet Program for Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions UCRL-ID-12441O Rev 2 http://cryptocomb.org/The%20Soviet%20Program%20for%20Peaceful%20Uses%20of%20Nuclear%20Explosions.pdf December 13, 2013 Won-Young Kim Paul G. Richards Vitaly Andrushkin Vladimir Ovtchinnikov April 1, 2001 Borovoye digital seismogram archive for underground nuclear tests during 1966-1996 LDEO http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/Monitoring/Data/Brv_arch_ex/brv_text_table.pdf December 13, 2013 Andrushkin Vitaly V. William Leith September 1, 2001 The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions USGS Open File Report 01-312 https://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf December 13, 2013 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080818/http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf May 9, 2013 Category:1970 in military history Category:1970 in the Soviet Union Category:1970 explosions 1970