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2000 Ramallah lynching
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Killing of two Israeli military reservists in the West Bank
yes
October 2024
Second Intifada Ramallah-lynch01.jpg Aziz Salha, one of the perpetrators, waving his blood-stained hands from the police station window. yes 2000 10 12 Ramallah, Israeli-occupied West Bank Lynching 2 13 Vadim Norzhich and Yosef Avrahami Aziz Salha and Wisam Radi
The 2000 Ramallah lynchingSources describing the event as a "lynching":
Karon Tony 12 October 2000 Ramallah lynching leaves peace in pieces http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/meast/10/12/israel.tm/index.html 6 October 2023 CNN A lynching in a dusty West Bank town may have not only dashed the fragile hopes for ending the current violence in the Palestinian territories
Levine Cody 16 October 2020 Remembering the Ramallah Lynching, 20 years later https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/remembering-the-ramallah-lynching-20-years-later-645964 6 October 2023 The Jerusalem Post The lynching was perhaps a watershed moment in Israeli-Palestinian relations, and set the course of the next five years of great suffering.
Shezaf Hagar 21 June 2021 Two Decades After Ramallah Lynching, Two Palestinians Involved Receive Harsher Sentences https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2021-06-06/ty-article/.premium/decades-after-ramallah-lynching-two-palestinians-involved-receive-harsher-sentences/0000017f-e56a-d97e-a37f-f76f3f110000 6 October 2023 Haaretz Two Decades After Ramallah Lynching, Two Palestinians Involved Receive Harsher Sentences
Sterman Adam 25 December 2013 'We were in a craze to see blood' https://www.timesofisrael.com/we-were-in-a-craze-to-see-blood/ 6 October 2023 The Times of Israel Court releases testimonies of Palestinians who were involved in the brutal Ramallah lynching of two IDF soldiers in 2000 was an attack that took place early during the Second Intifada on 12 October 2000 in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, when a Palestinian crowd of passing funeral marchers broke into a Ramallah police station and killed two Israeli military reservists and then mutilated their bodies.Dixon John Autumn 2000 Jerusalem Chronology: 1 August 2000 - 31 October 2000 https://www.palestine-studies.org/en/node/147837 Jerusalem Quarterly 10 51–60 10.70190/jq.I10.p51 subscription
The incident occurred during a funeral for a Palestinian, Khalil Zahran,Dor who had been killed by Israeli forces two days earlier. The two Israeli military reservists, Vadim Nurzhitz and Yossi Avrahami, had accidentally entered the Palestinian Authority-controlled city of Ramallah in the West Bank, and were taken into custody.Zitun Yoav Levy Elior 30 March 2017 2000 Ramallah lynch terrorist released from prison https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4942631,00.html Yedioth Ahronoth 13 policemen were injured while trying to stop the assault.
Tensions had been escalating prior to the incident; over 100 Palestinians, two dozen of them children, had been killed by Israeli forces in the preceding two weeks; the escalating violence had been condemned five days beforehand by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1322.
Victims
Yosef "Yossi" Avrahami (he יוסי אברהמי; he josi avʁahami) was a 38-year-old chief sergeant and toy salesman.Whitaker Raymond 13 October 2000 A strange voice said: I just killed your husband https://www.the-independent.com/news/world/middle-east/a-strange-voice-said-i-just-killed-your-husband-635341.html https://web.archive.org/web/20251117231809/https://www.the-independent.com/news/world/middle-east/a-strange-voice-said-i-just-killed-your-husband-635341.html 17 November 2025 17 November 2025 The Independent13 October 2000 Families mourn lynch-mob victims https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/oct/13/israel15 https://web.archive.org/web/20130824193259/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/oct/13/israel15 24 August 2013 17 November 2025 The Guardian Reuters He was born in Ramla and moved to Petah Tikva following his service in the Israeli Artillery Corps.Avrahami, Yossi (Yosef) https://honorisraelsfallen.com/fallen/avrahami-yossi-yosef/ https://web.archive.org/web/20240312150542/https://honorisraelsfallen.com/fallen/avrahami-yossi-yosef/ 12 March 2024 17 November 2025 Honor Israel's Fallen He had a wife and three children.Goldenberg Suzanne Hearst David 13 October 2000 'I have just killed your husband' wife was told https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/oct/14/israel4 https://web.archive.org/web/20241005134230/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/oct/14/israel4 5 October 2024 17 November 2025 The Guardian
Vadim Nurzhitz (he ואדים נורז'יץ, ru Вадим Нуржиц; ru vɐdʲim nurʐɨts) was a 33-year-old corporal and truck driver.Norzich, Vadim https://honorisraelsfallen.com/fallen/norzich-vadim/ https://web.archive.org/web/20240312150542/https://honorisraelsfallen.com/fallen/norzich-vadim/ 12 March 2024 17 November 2025 Honor Israel's Fallen He was born in Irkutsk and made aliyah in 1990 after learning Hebrew.Waxman Sharon Sharon Waxman 13 October 2000 On Both Sides, Toll Is Personal: A Hope for Peace Dies With an Israeli Brother https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2000/10/14/on-both-sides-toll-is-personal/95ca63e4-9844-4819-a921-466e6ba3b40c/ https://web.archive.org/web/20241203062949/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2000/10/14/on-both-sides-toll-is-personal/95ca63e4-9844-4819-a921-466e6ba3b40c/ 3 December 2024 The Washington PostBalint Judy Lash https://books.google.com/books?id=Dxno8wNLIXEC Jerusalem Diaries: In Tense Times Gefen Publishing House 2001 978-965-229-271-1 illustrated Jerusalem 80–82 He lived in Rehovot and Netanya before eventually settling down with his parents in Or Akiva. He married his neighbor a week before his death.
Lynching
Nurzhitz set out at 7 a.m. in his Ford Escort, picked up Avrahami and phoned his father at 9 a.m., stating that he had been ordered to turn up at an army base near the Israeli settlement of Beit El.
The two reservist drivers made their way in a civilian vehicleAmi Pedahzur,The Triumph of Israel's Radical Right, OUP USA, 2012 p.153 towards their unit's assembly point near the settlement of Beit El. They had little army experience, were unfamiliar with the West Bank road system and drove through the military checkpoint outside Beitunia and headed straight into the Palestinian town of Ramallah 2 miles east of the checkpoint.
Reaching a Palestinian Authority roadblock, where previously Israeli soldiers had been turned back, the reservists were detained by PA policemen and taken to the local police station at Ramallah's twin city Al-Bireh, not far from Arafat's headquarters.Hillel Frisch, The Palestinian Military: Between Militias and Armies, pp.96–97. The arrest and detention coincided with the conclusion of a funeral service, attended by thousands of mourners, for Palestinian Khalil Zahran who had been killed by Israeli forces two days earlier. Tensions were running high: over 100 Palestinians, nearly two dozen of them children, had been killed by Israeli forces in the preceding two weeks during protests in Ramallah,Spangler Eva https://books.google.com/books?id=v2AICgAAQBAJ Understanding Israel/Palestine: Race, Nation, and Human Rights in the Conflict Sense 2015 978-94-6300-088-8 illustrated Rotterdam 183 and four days earlier, the badly beaten body of 36 year old Palestinian Issam Hamad had been dumped outside of the city after being run over by a car, an autopsy revealed. His death, according to Marwan Bishara of Al Jazeera, was attributed by locals to settlers in Halamish.Pratt David https://books.google.com/books?id=m_NE9jbFTrsC Intifada: Palestine and Israel Casemate Publishers 2009 978-1-935149-99-6 Havertown, Pennsylvania 102 https://web.archive.org/web/20201014005107/https://books.google.com/books?id=m_NE9jbFTrsC 2020-10-14
Rumors quickly spread that Israeli undercover agents were in the building, and an angry crowd of more than 1,000 Palestinians gathered in front of the station calling for the death of the Israelis. Word that two soldiers were held in a Ramallah police station reached Israel within 15 minutes. According to Roni Shaked, the IDF itself thought initially that the two must have been "undercover agents". According to the Ramallah station chief, there were 21 policemen in the building, some of whom were cooks and administrative personnel, since many policemen had been dispersed throughout the city to control the crowd during the funeral. The IDF decided against a rescue operation. Soon after, Palestinian rioters stormed the building, overcame the Palestinian police and murdered and mutilated both soldiers. Both Haaretz and Maariv reported that approximately 13 Palestinian policemen were injured while attempting to stop the lynching.Dor Daniel https://books.google.com/books?id=30vex3hAuqYC Intifada Hits the Headlines: How the Israeli Press Misreported the Outbreak of the Second Palestinian Uprising Indiana University Press 2004 978-0-253-11073-2 Bloomington, Indiana 123–128 Jamal Tirawi, the Palestinian Intelligence chief at the Mukata'a nearby, only intervened hours after the second soldier lay dying.
The Israeli reservists were beaten and stabbed. At this point, a Palestinian (later identified as Aziz Salha), appeared at the window, displaying his blood-soaked hands to the crowd, which erupted into cheers. The crowd clapped and cheered as one of the soldier's bodies was then thrown out the window and stamped and beaten by the frenzied crowd. One of the two was shot and set on fire, and his head was beaten.http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4570672.html https://web.archive.org/web/20150526210520/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4570672.html usurped 26 May 2015 'I'll have nightmares for the rest of my life,' photographer says I got out of the car to see what was happening and saw that they were dragging something behind them. Within moments they were in front of me and, to my horror, I saw that it was a body, a man they were dragging by the feet. The lower part of his body was on fire and the upper part had been shot at, and the head beaten so badly that it was a pulp, like red jelly. Chicago Sun-Tribune 7 June 2018 HighBeam Research subscription 22 October 2000 Soon after, the crowd dragged the two mutilated bodies to Al-Manara Square in the city center and began an impromptu victory celebration.A day of rage, revenge and bloodshed https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1370229/A-day-of-rage%2C-revenge-and-bloodshed.html https://archive.today/20121223133745/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1370229/A-day-of-rage,-revenge-and-bloodshed.html dead 23 December 2012 13 October 2000 The Daily Telegraph 2 July 2009 London Alan Philps13 October 2000 Lynch mob's brutal attack https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/969778.stm live https://web.archive.org/web/20021015053613/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/969778.stm 15 October 2002 3 September 2006 BBC News Police officers tried to confiscate footage from reporters.
Reactions and military response
The brutality of the murders shocked the Israeli public,Feldman Shai November 2000 The October Violence: An Interim Assessment http://www.inss.org.il/publications.php?cat=21&incat=&read=647 dead Strategic Assessment 3 3 https://web.archive.org/web/20120622235728/http://www.inss.org.il/publications.php?cat=21&incat=&read=647 22 June 2012 3 July 2009 The [Israeli] public was shocked by lynching in Ramallah, it was enraged at the enticements to violence continuously aired on Palestinian television and it was astonished at the reaction of the Israeli Arabs (see below) to the Palestinian-Israeli clashes intensifying Israeli distrust of Palestinian Authority Chairman Yasser Arafat. The event also deeply damaged the Israeli left-wing's faith in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process. Israeli writer and journalist Amos Oz said "Without any doubt, I blame the Palestinian leadership. They clearly did not want to sign an agreement at Camp David. Maybe Arafat prefers to be Che Guevara than Fidel Castro. If he becomes the president of Palestine, he'll be the leader of a rough, Third World country and have to deal with sewage in Hebron, drugs in Gaza, and the corruption in his own government."Whose Holy Land?: The Israelis; As Dreams of Peace Take Flight, Many Angry Fingers Point Toward Arafat https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/13/world/whose-holy-land-israelis-dreams-peace-take-flight-many-angry-fingers-point.html?scp=4&sq=ramallah%20lynching&st=cse 13 October 2000 The New York Times 16 October 2009 Joel GreenbergLeft-wing have their faith in peace blown away https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/leftwing-have-their-faith-in-peace-blown-away-635262.html https://web.archive.org/web/20110913132226/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/leftwing-have-their-faith-in-peace-blown-away-635262.html dead 13 September 2011 13 October 2000 The Independent 16 October 2009 London Eric Silver
In response, the Israeli military launched a series of strikes against Palestinian Authority targets in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Israeli forces sealed off several Palestinian cities and deployed troops, tanks, and armored vehicles. IDF helicopters fired rockets at two PA police stations in Ramallah (the police station where the lynching took place was destroyed); the Beit Lahia headquarters of Tanzim, the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades; and buildings near Arafat's headquarters in Gaza City. Israeli Navy gunboats were reportedly seen offshore. Six Palestinian Authority naval boats were destroyed. Later in the day, Israeli helicopters destroyed the Voice of Palestine radio station in Ramallah. According to Palestinian sources, a total of 27 people were injured in the attacks.8 November 2000 Israeli copters retaliate for soldiers' deaths https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/mideast.htm#readmore dead https://web.archive.org/web/20230407050130/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/mideast.htm 7 April 2023 3 July 2009 USA Today Israeli authorities state that the PA was warned before the attacks, and that a warning shot was fired before every attack, in order to empty the buildings about to be attacked.1 November 2000 הטילים שוגרו לעבר החלונות שמהם נזרקו גופות החיילים The missiles were fired at the windows of which were thrown the bodies of soldiers https://www.iaf.org.il/564-19308-he/iaf.aspx dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131008184645/https://www.iaf.org.il/564-19308-he/iaf.aspx 8 October 2013 24 November 2009 The Israeli Air Force Journal heApril 2025
Media coverage
An Italian film crew from Mediaset, Italy's largest private television station, captured footage of the lynching. TV row over mob footage 'betrayal' https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/oct/20/israel2 20 October 2000 The Guardian 5 July 2009 London Rory Carroll
British photographer Mark Seager attempted to photograph the event but the mob physically assaulted him and destroyed his camera. After the event, he said, "It was the most horrible thing that I have ever seen and I have reported from Congo, Kosovo, many bad places.... I know they [Palestinians] are not all like this and I'm a very forgiving person but I'll never forget this. It was murder of the most barbaric kind. When I think about it, I see that man's head, all smashed. I know that I'll have nightmares for the rest of my life."
An ABC News team also attempted to record the incident but the mob also prevented them from doing so. ABC News producer Nasser Atta said that when the crew began filming the lynching, "youths came to us and they stopped us with some knives, with some beating." Barak Calls for Emergency Government https://abcnews.go.com/print?id=82403 12 October 2000 ABC News 3 July 2009
RAI scandal
Following the lynching on 16 October 2000, Riccardo Cristiano, the deputy head of the Jerusalem bureau of Italy's state television channel RAI, published a letter in Al-Hayat al-Jadida, the official daily newspaper of the Palestinian Authority (PA). In the letter (entitled "Special Clarification by the Italian Representative of RAI, the Official Italian Television Station"), Cristiano denies that RAI had any involvement with the filming of the incident and that one of the station's Italian competitors was responsible for the footage. He wrote, "We [RAI] emphasize to all of you that the events did not happen this way, because we always respect (will continue to respect) the journalistic procedures with the Palestinian Authority for (journalistic) work in Palestine and we are credible in our precise work." The Italian correspondent also praised the PA, declaring,
"We congratulate you [the PA] and think that it is our duty to put you in the picture (of the events) of what happened on October 12 in Ramallah.... We thank you for your trust, and you can be sure that this is not our way of acting. We do not (will not) do such a thing."April 2025
As a result of the letter, the Israeli Government Press Office suspended Cristiano's press card. The Israeli Foreign Ministry stated,
"His letter implies that he will never again film events which are liable to cast a negative light on the PA, such as the recent lynching of IDF reservists in Ramallah.... The State of Israel, as a democratic society, welcomes the foreign journalists working here and invests considerable effort in both assuring freedom of the press and assisting journalists in their work. All that we ask from foreign journalists is that they abide by the rules of press ethics as is accepted in democratic societies".April 2025
Cristiano's letter, which effectively identified Mediaset as being responsible for the footage, necessitated Mediaset to withdraw its staff out of fear of Palestinian revenge attacks. In response, Italian politician Silvio Berlusconi, whose family holding company controls Mediaset, said, "The letter is indicative of an anti-semitic attitude in elements of the Italian left." The Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera declared it a shameful day for Italian journalism.
For its part, RAI disowned the letter and recalled Cristiano, stating, "He will no longer work from Jerusalem. RAI had no knowledge of the letter and its content." Regarding Cristiano's motives for the letter, RAI asserted that the journalist had recently been injured while covering other Palestinian riots and he wished to dispel rumors that RAI was responsible for the footage.
Claims of Palestinian censorship
In relation to media coverage of the event, the Israeli Foreign Ministry accused Palestinian broadcasting stations of making "every effort to hide the horrible pictures which were shown around the world." The ministry further asserted that "according to reporters' evidence on the scene," the Palestinian police attempted to prevent foreign journalists from entering the area in order to obstruct reporting of the incident.17 October 2000 Coverage of Oct 12 Lynch in Ramallah by Italian TV Station RAI http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2000/10/Coverage%20of%20Oct%2012%20Lynch%20in%20Ramallah%20by%20Italian%20TV dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100418160039/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2000/10/Coverage%20of%20Oct%2012%20Lynch%20in%20Ramallah%20by%20Italian%20TV 18 April 2010 2 July 2009 Israeli Ministry of Foreign AffairsApril 2025
Criminal proceedings
section April 2025 it mentions people arrested/charged/indicted in the early 2000s, but not the outcomes of their trials
After he assumed office, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon ordered the Israeli security services to find and arrest the lynchers. Israel subsequently arrested suspects:
Aziz Salha was arrested in 2001. He admitted to being one of those who broke into the police station and to choking one of the soldiers while others beat him bloody. When he saw that his hands were covered with the soldier's blood, he went to the window and proudly displayed his blood-stained hands to the mob below, and was photographed while doing so.22 April 2002 Arrest of Fatah Tanzim Terrorists from Ramallah http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2002/Arrest%20of%20Fatah%20Tanzim%20Terrorists%20from%20Ramallah%20- dead https://web.archive.org/web/20040811121141/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2002/Arrest%20of%20Fatah%20Tanzim%20Terrorists%20from%20Ramallah%20- 11 August 2004 1 September 2010 Israeli Ministry of Foreign AffairsLynch mob suspects held by Israelis https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1310307/Lynch-mob-suspects-held-by-Israelis.html 26 June 2001 The Daily Telegraph 1 September 2010 London Alan Philps In 2004, an Israeli court convicted him for the murder of Nurzhitz and sentenced him to life imprisonment.22 November 2004 Man jailed over Ramallah lynching https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4033901.stm live https://web.archive.org/web/20060427075751/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4033901.stm 27 April 2006 1 September 2010 BBC News23 November 2004 Palestinian man gets life sentence for killing Israeli soldier http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2004/11/23/1249432.htm dead https://web.archive.org/web/20071203234554/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2004/11/23/1249432.htm 3 December 2007 1 September 2010 ABC News In October 2011 he was controversially released as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange.Shalit deal to set free perpetrators of 2000 lynching of IDF reservists Chaim Levinson https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/shalit-deal-to-set-free-perpetrators-of-2000-lynching-of-idf-reservists-1.390295 https://web.archive.org/web/20111017100207/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/shalit-deal-to-set-free-perpetrators-of-2000-lynching-of-idf-reservists-1.390295 dead 17 October 2011 Haaretz 16 October 2011 24 October 2011 Salha was deported to the Gaza Strip. On 3 October 2024, during the Gaza war, he was killed in an Israeli airstrike in Gaza. The IDF claimed that Salha was active in Hamas and had been involved in advancing attacks in the West Bank from Gaza in recent years.3 October 2024 Aziz Salha, photographed preparator [sic] of Ramallah lynching, killed in IAF strike in Gaza - report https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-823056 3 October 2024 The Jerusalem Post en3 October 2024 Man infamous for 2000 Ramallah lynch killed in Gaza strike — Palestinian media https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/man-infamous-for-2000-ramallah-lynch-killed-in-gaza-strike-palestinian-media/ 2025-06-27 The Times of Israel en-US
Muhammad Howara, a Tanzim militant, was arrested in 2001. He admitted breaking into the police station and stabbing one of the soldiers.April 2025
Ziad Hamdada, a Fatah Tanzim operative who set fire to the body of one of the Israeli reservists, was arrested in 2002. He had also participated in and planned other attacks on Israeli forces.April 2025
Mohamed Abu Ida, a former member of the Palestinian police force in Ramallah, was arrested by Shin Bet in 2005. During the investigation, he admitted he had led the two Israeli soldiers to the Ramallah police station after which he joined the other rioters.Ramallah lynch suspect arrested http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3055674,00.html 8 March 2005 Yedioth Ahronoth 1 September 2010 Weiss By Efrat
Wisam Radi, a Palestinian policeman, was arrested by Israeli security forces and indicted before a military court in 2005 for killing Yosef Avrahami and abusing the body of Vadim Nurzhitz. In 2010, he was acquitted of Avrahami's murder on grounds that a critical piece of evidence was inadmissible in court. He was, however, convicted of mutilating Nurzhitz's body and sentenced to seven years in prison. An appellate court later overturned the decision not to convict him of murder following an appeal by the military prosecution.
Haiman Zabam, a Tanzim operative, was arrested by Israeli paratroopers on 26 September 2007. He had been planning additional attacks on Israel.Last member of Ramallah lynch caught https://www.jpost.com/Home/Article.aspx?id=76502 26 September 2007 The Jerusalem Post Yaakov Katz 1 September 2010Wikipedia:Reliable sources/Perennial sources: "The Jerusalem Post is generally reliable but should be treated with caution when making extraordinary claims regarding the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. It should be used as a source for the Israeli–Palestinian conflict only to cite basic facts or if its reporting is validated by additional reporting from another source not similarly limited." April 2025
Marwan Ibrahim Tawfik Maadi and Yasser Ibrahim Mohammed Khatab, two Hamas members,April 2025 were arrested by Shin Bet and Israeli Police during the breakup of a Hamas network in Ramallah and the Binyamin region. During the interrogation, they confessed to participating in the lynching, and in August 2012, they were indicted before a military court.Levinson Chaim 10 August 2012 IDF court convicts Palestinian of lynching Israeli soldier in 2000 https://www.haaretz.com/2012-08-10/ty-article/idf-convicts-palestinian-of-2000-lynch/0000017f-f877-ddde-abff-fc770b2f0000 https://web.archive.org/web/20241203123437/https://www.haaretz.com/2012-08-10/ty-article/idf-convicts-palestinian-of-2000-lynch/0000017f-f877-ddde-abff-fc770b2f0000 3 December 2024 2025-06-27 Haaretz en live https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=280678 Shin Bet arrests two suspects for Ramallah lynch The Jerusalem Post Yaakov Lappin 9 August 2012 13 August 2012http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4266749,00.html 2 Ramallah lynch perpetrators arrested Yedioth Ahronoth Yoav Zitun 9 August 2012 13 August 2012
See also
Corporals killings, a similar incident in Northern Ireland
Palestinian political violence
References
30em
External links
Special Clarification by the Italian Representative of RAI, the Official Italian Television Station
Israel Palestine Politics Law
31.9050 N 35.2044 E source:wikidata title
Ramallah lynching
Ramallah lynching
Category:Lynching deaths in Asia
Category:Israeli casualties in the Second Intifada
Category:Riots and civil disorder in Palestine
Category:Filmed killings in Palestine
Category:October 2000 in Israel
Category:Israeli military casualties
Category:2000 murders in Asia
Category:History of Ramallah
Category:Attacks on Israeli military targets