2015–16 protests in Brazil

Anti-government protests against Dilma Rousseff April 2016 2015–16 protests in Brazil Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Workers' Party Supported by: Communist Party of Brazil Central Única dos Trabalhadores Landless Workers' Movement National Union of Students 2015 Brazil protests collage.jpg Top: Demonstration in Brasília outside the National Congress BuildingMiddle: Thousands protesting on Copacabana Beach in Rio de JaneiroBottom: Demonstration on Paulista Avenue in downtown São Paulo 15 March 2015 – 31 July 2016201515 March 2015, 12 April 2015,16 August 2015, 13 December 2015201613 March 2016, 16 March 2016,17 April 2016, 31 July 2016 Brazil: 160 cities in 26 states and the Federal Districthttp://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2015/03/manifestantes-protestam-contra-dilma-em-estados-no-df-e-no-exterio.html Manifestantes protestam contra Dilma em todos os estados, DF e exterior G1 15 March 2015 Portuguese<br/ >Worldwide: six citieshttp://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2015/03/brasileiros-protestam-contra-governo-no-exterior.html Brasileiros protestam contra governo no exterior G1 Carolina Camargo 15 March 2015 Portuguesehttp://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2015/03/15/brasileiros-protestam-contra-governo-em-pelo-menos-seis-paises.htm#fotoNav=17 Brasileiros protestam contra governo em pelo menos seis países UOL Notícias - Política 15 March 2015 Portuguese * Presidency of Dilma Rousseffhttp://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2015/03/manifestantes-protestam-contra-dilma-em-estados-no-df-e-no-exterio.html Manifestantes protestam contra Dilma em 18 estados, no DF e no exterior G1 15 March 2015 15 March 2015 Portuguese Corruption,http://g1.globo.com/distrito-federal/noticia/2015/03/manifestantes-fazem-ato-contra-corrupcao-em-brasilia.html Manifestantes lotam Esplanada para protestar contra Dilma e corrupção G1 Raquel Morais, Mateus Rodrigues and Renan Ramalho 15 March 2015 Portuguesehttp://ultimosegundo.ig.com.br/politica/2015-03-15/nas-ruas-manifestantes-pedem-desde-fim-da-corrupcao-ate-intervencao-militar.html Nas ruas, manifestantes pedem desde o fim da corrupção até intervenção militar R7 Nina Ramos 15 March 2015 Portuguese particularly the Petrobras scandalhttp://noticias.r7.com/internacional/protesto-contra-governo-federal-leva-1-milhao-de-pessoas-a-avenida-paulista-15032015-1 Protesto contra governo federal leva 1 milhão de pessoas à avenida Paulista R7 15 March 2015 Portuguese Fiscal adjust reforms Low economic growth and Economic crisis Negligence of public funds * Impeachment or resignation of Dilma Rousseffhttp://noticias.r7.com/brasil/manifestacoes-pelo-impeachment-de-dilma-estao-marcadas-em-ao-menos-25-capitais-e-no-df-15032015 Manifestações pelo impeachment de Dilma estão marcadas em ao menos 25 capitais e no DF R7 15 March 2015 Portuguese End of corruption Political Reform http://zh.clicrbs.com.br/rs/noticias/noticia/2015/03/institutos-de-pesquisa-fazem-levantamentos-sobre-o-perfil-dos-manifestantes-em-porto-alegre-4719348.html Institutos de pesquisa fazem levantamentos sobre o perfil dos manifestantes em Porto Alegre Folha de S.Paulo Carlos Ismael Moreira 16 March 2015 Portuguese Arrest of those involved in the Petrobras scandal * President Rousseff impeached and removed from office Michel Temer becomes president Brazil Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB)Rousseff opponents Free Brazil MovementMillones de brasileños salieron a la calle para gritar "fuera Dilma" (Fotos) http://www.lapatilla.com/site/2015/03/15/millones-de-brasilenos-salieron-a-la-calle-para-gritar-fuera-dilma-fotos/ 16 March 2015 La Patilla 15 March 2015 Spanish Outraged OnlineMagalhaes Luciana Kiernan Paul Brazilian President Faces More Heat After Protests; Prosecutors file more charges in widening graft scandal as public anger grows against government https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazilian-president-faces-more-heat-after-protests-1426548319 17 March 2015 The Wall Street Journal Dow Jones & Company 16 March 2015 Come to the Streets (VPR)Quais são e como pensam os movimentos que vão para a rua contra Dilma no domingo http://veja.abril.com.br/noticia/brasil/quais-sao-e-como-pensam-os-movimentos-que-vao-para-a-rua-contra-dilma-no-domingo/ 17 March 2015 Veja 11 March 2015 Portuguese 13 March 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150313142742/http://veja.abril.com.br/noticia/brasil/quais-sao-e-como-pensam-os-movimentos-que-vao-para-a-rua-contra-dilma-no-domingo dead Movement Straighten Brazilhttp://fatoonline.com.br/conteudo/1339/economia-em-pauta-o-que-pensam-os-lideres-dos-protestos-anti-dilma Economia em pauta: o que pensam os líderes dos protestos anti-Dilma Fato Online Guilherme Waltenberg 29 March 2015 Portuguese 13 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191414/http://fatoonline.com.br/conteudo/1339/economia-em-pauta-o-que-pensam-os-lideres-dos-protestos-anti-dilma 3 March 2016 dead Movement In the Streets Order of Attorneys of Brazil Opposition politicianshttp://blogdokardec.com.br/psdb-dem-pps-sd-convocam-populacao-para-dia-15/ PSDB, DEM, PPS e SD convocam a população para o dia 15 Blog do Kardec 10 March 2015 Portuguese https://web.archive.org/web/20150321023933/http://blogdokardec.com.br/psdb-dem-pps-sd-convocam-populacao-para-dia-15/ 21 March 2015 dead dmy-all 13 March 2016 Sympathizers SD DEM PSP PSDB Brazil Michel Temer(Vice President of Brazil) no Others: Brazil Jair Bolsonaro Brazil Romero Jucá Brazil Eduardo Cunha Brazil Renan Calheiros Brazil Fábio Ostermann Brazil Renan Santoshttp://zh.clicrbs.com.br/rs/noticias/noticia/2015/03/quem-sao-os-articuladores-nacionais-do-protesto-contra-dilma-4718377.html Quais são e como pensam os movimentos que vão para a rua contra Dilma no domingo Veja Marcelo Gonzato 13 March 2015 Portuguese Brazil Fernando Holiday Brazil Kim Kataguiri Brazil Marcello Reis Brazil Bia Kicis Brazil Rogério Chequer Brazil Colin Butterfield Brazil Guilherme Steagall Brazil Rodrigo Chade Brazil Ricardo Salles Brazil Carla Zambelli Brazil Carmelo Neto Claudio Lamachiahttp://www.oab.org.br/noticia/29423/oab-protocola-pedido-de-impeachment-da-presidente-da-republica OAB protocola pedido de impeachment da presidente da República OAB 28 March 2016 Portuguese 9 April 2016 8 November 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20251108013109/http://www.oab.org.br/noticia/29423/oab-protocola-pedido-de-impeachment-da-presidente-da-republica dead http://g1.globo.com/politica/processo-de-impeachment-de-dilma/noticia/2016/03/oab-protocola-na-camara-novo-pedido-de-impeachment-de-dilma.html OAB protocola novo pedido de impeachment de Dilma na Câmara Fernanda Calgaro and Nathalia Passarinho O Globo 28 March 2016 Portuguese Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Dilma Rousseff(President of Brazil) no Others: Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Rui Falcão Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Luciana de Oliveira Santos Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Renato Rabelo Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Vagner Freitas Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Gleisi Hoffmann Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Carina Vitral Bandeira_partido_dos_trabalhadores.svg Virgínia Barros 15 March 2015 ~ 1,000,000Prada Paulo Nearly a million protest Brazil's president, economy, corruption http://in.reuters.com/article/brazil-rousseff-protests-idINL2N0WH0EG20150316 https://web.archive.org/web/20151222085910/http://in.reuters.com/article/brazil-rousseff-protests-idINL2N0WH0EG20150316 dead 22 December 2015 Reuters 27 March 2015 – 3,000,000Mapa das manifestações no Brasil neste domingo, 15 http://especiais.g1.globo.com/politica/mapa-manifestacoes-no-brasil/15-03-2015/ 16 March 2015 Grupo Globo 15 March 2015 Portuguese 12 April 2015 ~ 696,000 – 1,500,000Hundreds of thousands rally against corruption in Brazil https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-32280674 13 April 2015 BBC News 13 April 2015 16 August 2015 ~ 900,000Rosa Sulleiro Brazil impeachment protests downsized but still determined https://news.yahoo.com/weak-turnout-brazil-impeachment-protests-180205914.html 15 December 2015 Yahoo News AFP 14 December 2015 13 December 2015 ~ 83,000 – 407,000 13 March 2016 ~ 1,400,000 – 6,900,000Flynn Daniel Soto Alonso Record Brazil protests put Rousseff's future in doubt http://reuters.com/article/idUSKCN0WF0IX 14 March 2016 Reuters 14 March 2016 MAPA DAS MANIFESTAÇÕES CONTRA DILMA, 13/03 http://especiais.g1.globo.com/politica/mapa-manifestacoes-no-brasil/13-03-2016/contra/ G1 13 March 2016 16 March 2016 +10,000 17 April 2016 318,000 – 1,300,000 31 July 2016 44,000 – 151,000 13 March 2015 33,000 – 175,000 16 December 2015 98,000 – 292,000http://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2015/12/manifestacoes-contra-impeachment-de-dilma-sao-registradas-pelo-brasil.html Manifestações a favor de Dilma são registradas em 25 estados e no DF G1 Portuguese 16 December 2015 18 March 2016 275,000 – 1,300,000http://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2016/03/manifestantes-fazem-ato-em-apoio-ao-governo-dilma-pelo-pais.html Manifestantes fazem maiores atos a favor de Dilma desde o ano passado G1 Portuguese 18 March 2016 3http://exame.abril.com.br/brasil/noticias/mais-de-1-milhao-de-pessoas-protestam-contra-dilma-pelo-pais Mais de 1 milhão de pessoas protestam contra Dilma pelo país Exame Pedro Fonseca, Caroline Stauffer and Maria Carolina Marcello 15 March 2015 Portuguesehttp://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2015/03/1603233-drone-contratado-pela-folha-cai-na-avenida-paulista-e-fere-duas-pessoas.shtml Drone contratado pela Folha cai na avenida Paulista e fere duas pessoas Folha de S.Paulo Leandro Machado 15 March 2015 Portuguese 20Magalhaes Luciana Jelmayer Rogerio Protesters Across Brazil Demonstrate Against President on Sunday https://www.wsj.com/articles/protesters-across-brazil-demonstrate-against-president-on-sunday-1426448960 15 March 2015 The Wall Street Journal 15 March 2015 In 2015 and 2016, a series of protests in Brazil denounced corruption and the government of President Dilma Rousseff, triggered by revelations that numerous politicians allegedly accepted bribes connected to contracts at state-owned energy company Petrobras between 2003 and 2010 and connected to the Workers' Party,https://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2016/03/10/brazils-ex-president-lula-and-his-workers-party-now-a-house-of-cards/#2eb95ba86599 March 10, 2016 Forbes Brazil's Ex-President Lula And His Workers' Party Now A House Of Cards Kenneth Rapoza while Rousseff chaired the company's board of directors. The first protests on 15 March 2015 numbered between one and nearly three million protesters against the scandal and the country's poor economic situation. In response, the government introduced anti-corruption legislation. A second day of major protesting occurred 12 April, with turnout, according to GloboNews, ranging from 696,000 to 1,500,000. On 16 August, protests took place in 200 citiesBrazilian president under fire as tens of thousands protest in 200 cities https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/16/brazil-protests-dilma-rousseff 16 August 2015 The Guardian 16 August 2015 in all 26 states of Brazil.Anti-Government Protesters Take to Streets Across Brazil https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/anti-government-protests-sweep-brazil-33114651 16 August 2015 ABC News 16 August 2015Protesters Call for Ouster of Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff https://www.wsj.com/articles/panoply-of-causes-unites-against-brazilian-leader-1439719203 16 August 2015 The Wall Street Journal 16 August 2015 Following allegations that Rousseff's predecessor, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, participated in money laundering and a prosecutor ordered his arrest, record numbers of Brazilians protested against the Rousseff government on 13 March 2016, with nearly 7 million citizens demonstrating. On 12 May 2016, the Federal Senate temporarily suspended Rousseff until it reached a verdict and replaced her with Vice President Michel Temer.Dilma Rousseff suspended as Senate votes to impeach https://edition.cnn.com/2016/05/12/americas/brazil-rousseff-impeachment-vote/index.html CNN 12 May 2016A marcha da recolonização do Brasil https://web.archive.org/web/20160604094942/http://jornalggn.com.br/blog/fabio-de-oliveira-ribeiro/a-marcha-da-recolonizacao-do-brasil-por-fabio-de-oliveira-ribeiro 4 June 2016 . Fábio de Oliveira Ribeiro. Background In 2015, approval ratings for President Dilma Rousseff dropped to record lows due to a slowing economy, increasing unemployment, a weakening currency and rising inflation. Upper-class Brazilians stated that Rousseff could not manage the Brazilian economy. They also said that she used class tensions to benefit her political campaign by stating that her political opponents were "enemies of the poor," when, in fact, the poor felt betrayed because she had passed policies to avoid an investment-grade downgrade, which ended up supposedly hurting lower-class Brazilians. Corruption Corruption in Brazil List of scandals in Brazil Operation Car Wash Operation Car Wash Petrobras scandal In February 2014, an investigation by Brazilian Federal Police called "Operation Car Wash" implicated the state-owned energy company Petrobras at the center of what became the largest corruption scandal in Brazil's history.21 November 2014 Petrobras scandal: Brazil's energy giant under pressure Ruth Costas BBC Sao Paulo https://www.bbc.com/news/business-30129184 20 March 2015http://www.euromoney.com/Article/3433924/Category/8224/ChannelPage/0/Brazil-Petrobras-will-be-shut-out-of-bond-markets-until-2016.html Brazil: Petrobras would be shut out of bond markets until 2016 Rob Dwyer March 2015 20 March 2015 Euromoney On 14 November 2014, police raids in six states netted prominent Brazilian politicians and businessmen, including some Petrobras directors. They were investigated in regards to "suspicious" contracts worth $22 billion. When allegations surfaced of graft while President Rousseff was part of the board of directors of Petrobras between 2003 and 2010; Brazilians became upset with the government and called for Rousseff's impeachment. No evidence that Rousseff herself was involved in the scheme has been found, and she denies any prior knowledge of it. Further investigation found various offshore accounts and art collections owned by those involved in the scandal. In March 2015, Brazil's Supreme Court ruled that prosecutors could investigate about 50 individuals, most belonging to the Workers' Party,December 2016 for possible bribery and other crimes at Petrobras. Brazilian lawmakers allegedly squirreled away millions of dollars for themselves and for their political campaigns. On 16 March 2015, prosecutors charged 27 people in the Petrobras scandal, including Workers' Party treasurer João Vaccari Neto and Renato Duque, former head of services of Petrobras.Brazil prosecutors charge ruling-party treasurer with corruption https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-petrobras-charges-idUSKBN0MC27320150316 17 March 2015 Reuters 16 March 2015 2 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150402133322/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/16/us-brazil-petrobras-charges-idUSKBN0MC27320150316 live Neto was charged with corruption and money laundering, possibly related to illegal campaign donations supposedly solicited from Duque. Duque was arrested and denied "having money abroad or moving money abroad". On 15 April 2015, Neto was arrested at his São Paulo home.Bevins Vincent In Brazil, arrest brings Petrobras scandal closer to President Rousseff http://www.latimes.com/world/brazil/la-fg-ff-brazil-petrobras-scandal-20150416-story.html 19 April 2015 Los Angeles Times 15 April 2015 The Workers' Party charged that Neto's arrest was politically motivated. Lula da Silva allegations 250px|thumbnail|left|Millions of Brazilians continued protests against Rousseff (left) into 2016 following allegations that her predecessor, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (right), was involved in money laundering. On 4 March 2016, Federal Police raided the home of Rousseff's predecessor, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva following corruption charges against him.Pugile Frederic Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's dramatic downfall rattles Brazil http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/mar/13/luiz-inacio-lula-da-silvas-dramatic-downfall-rattl/?page=2 14 March 2016 The Washington Times 13 March 2016Shoichet Catherine E. Ex-Brazilian President Lula da Silva under investigation http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/09/americas/brazil-lula-da-silva-investigation/ 14 March 2016 CNN 9 March 2016 A subsequent indictment accused Lula of money laundering and misrepresentation, with many of the allegations surrounding a luxury beachfront home that he hadn't disclosed that he owned, which had recent, costly additions. He faces ten years in prison if convicted. Investigators believed that this and another country house were possibly involved in the Petrobras scandal, and investigated further into donations made to his Lula Foundation. The link has not however yet been demonstrated.April 2017 Protests against Lula protégée Dilma Rousseff began again on 14 March 2016. On 15 March 2016, testimony by the former leader of the Workers' PartyFebruary 2017 stated that Lula and Rousseff had tried to block the Petrobras investigation and alleged that Aécio Neves, head of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) and a member of the Federal Senate, might be involved. The next day, Rousseff appointed Lula as her chief of staff, allegedly because ministers and lawmakers can only be tried by Brazil's Supreme Court.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-lula-idUSKCN0WX2L5 Brazil's Rousseff gets relief from Supreme Court, supporters Reuters March 31, 2016 Maria Carolina Marcello Lisandra Paraguassu Judge Sergio Moro released a recorded phone call from Rousseff to Lula. The Supreme Court said the wiretap had been illegal, because it alone could authorize a wiretap involving the president, and one Supreme Court justice called the appointment an attempt to impede the investigation.Phillips Dom Brazilians protest as Lula, under investigation, gets Cabinet position https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/brazilians-protest-as-lula-under-investigation-gets-cabinet-position/2016/03/17/4e3dccf2-ebf0-11e5-bc08-3e03a5b41910_story.html 17 March 2016 The Washington Post 17 March 2016 The phone call between Rousseff and Lula da Silva went as follows:Douglas Bruce Release of tapped phone calls between Lula and Rousseff sparks mass protests in Brazil https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/17/release-tapped-phone-calls-lula-rousseff-deepens-brazil-chaos 17 March 2016 The Guardian 16 March 2016Rousseff: Lula, let me tell you something. Lula da Silva: Tell me, my dear. Rousseff: It’s this, I am sending [Jorge] Messias round with the papers, so that we have them, just in case of necessity, that is the terms of office, right? Lula da Silva: Uh-huh. Ok, ok. Rousseff: That’s all, wait there, he is heading there. Lula da Silva: OK, I’m here. I’ll wait. Tens of thousands of Brazilians protested nationwide the night after the recorded call was released, with some violence reported. Allegations of PMDB involvement thumb|left|250px|Eduardo Cunha (left) at a press conference with fellow PMDB member Renan Calheiros (middle) on 21 May 2015. As investigations grew, allegations against members of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) began to arise. Vice President Michel Temer faced impeachment proceedings in December 2015 but his fellow party member, President of the Chamber of Deputies Eduardo Cunha, defended Temer and blocked the motion. Cunha, however, did grant impeachment proceedings against President Rousseff at the time. Months later in April 2016, a Supreme Court judge, Judge Mello, ruled Cunha's actions wrong and that Temer should face impeachment proceedings as well. Cunha, who would be third in line for the presidency, has also faced scrutiny for alleged money laundering through the Petrobras scandal. Fourth in line, the President of the Senate of Brazil and fellow party member of PMDB, Renan Calheiros, is also under investigation for his alleged involvement in the scandal as well.Brazil Vice-President Michel Temer could face impeachment https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-35970615 11 April 2016 BBC News 5 April 2016 On 5 May 2016, Cunha was suspended as speaker of the lower house by Brazil's Supreme Court due to allegations that he attempted to intimidate members of Congress, and obstructed investigations into his alleged receipt of bribes.http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2016/05/1768000-teori-afasta-eduardo-cunha-do-mandato-na-camara.shtml Teori afasta Eduardo Cunha do mandato na Câmara - 05/05/2016 - Poder - Folha de S.Paulo www1.folha.uol.com.br 21 May 2016https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/05/speaker-of-brazils-lower-house-eduardo-cunha-suspended Speaker of Brazil's lower house Eduardo Cunha suspended Watts Jonathan 5 May 2016 the Guardian 21 May 2016 Economy Economy of Brazil 2014 Brazilian economic crisis According to Bloomberg Businessweek, "[t]he real strengthened 0.6 percent to 3.2304 per dollar and has fallen 17.7 percent this year", the largest drop in value among "major currencies".Biller David More Than a Million Hit Brazil Streets to Protest Rousseff https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-15/tens-of-thousands-march-in-brazil-streets-to-protest-rousseff 17 March 2015 Bloomberg Businessweek 15 March 2015 Bloomberg Businessweek also noted that Rousseff's government had raised taxes and slowed spending to avoid a credit rating downgrade "after years of ballooning spending and subsidized lending", that economic growth had stalled and that "inflation exceeds the ceiling of the target range". The Petrobras scandal hurt the economy by causing a slowdown in investment in energy and construction.March 2021 Demonstrations 2015 right 250px|right|thumb|A demonstration in Brasília outside of the Cathedral of Brasília. 250px|thumb|right|Protesters in São Paulo with a large Brazilian flag. On 13 March, thousands of supporters of the Workers' Party gathered in support of Rousseff and Petrobras in cities around Brazil. Police said that about 33,000 participated in the protests; pro-government organizers said 175,000 demonstrated. On 15 March, protests again broke out across Brazil. Although crowd size estimates differ, most calculations put the number at roughly one million nationwide. Police estimated the number at 2.4 million and organizersMarch 2016 at three million, with hundreds of thousands to over a million demonstrators in São Paulo, about 50,000 in Brasília and thousands in other cities, with many protesters wearing yellow and green clothing similar to the Brazil football team and Brazilian flag. In São Paulo, police stated that at the start of the protest, there were approximately 580,000 demonstrators but the numbers grew by about 4,000 people every two minutes, with an estimated final number of over 1.5 million demonstrators. Datafolha estimated a different number of protesters, stating that 210,000 demonstrators protested at some point and that 188,000 did so at the same time.Data Folha 15/02/2015 On Copacabana beach in Rio de Janeiro, thousands protested and collected signatures directed at impeaching President Rousseff. The protest occurred on the 30th anniversary of the restoration of Brazil to democracy after military dictatorship. Some demonstrators called for military intervention against Rousseff,Brazil: hundreds of thousands of protesters call for Rousseff impeachment https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/15/brazil-protesters-rouseff-impeachment-petrobas. The Guardian 16 March 2015 others for impeachment. thumb|left|250px|Anti-impeachment (left) and pro-impeachment (right) camps protest on the 17th of April. Brazilians protested again on 12 April. Police said about 696,000 people came out, while protest organizersMarch 2016 stated there were 1,500,000 demonstrators. In São Paulo, protesters were numbered between 275,000 by police and 1,000,000 by organizersMarch 2016. In Rio de Janeiro on Copacabana Beach, there were fewer demonstrators than at the 15 March protests but several thousand protesters still demonstrated. and sang rock songs that dated back to protests against the former Brazilian military dictatorship.Darlington Shasta Protesters in Brazil push to impeach President Dilma Rousseff http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/12/americas/brazil-protests/ 13 April 2015 CNN 12 April 2015 The protesters believed that Rousseff knew about the corruption and demanded she step down or called for her impeachment. Analysts said that the smaller turnout could show that the protests would eventually come to a halt and the movement would end.Lehman Stan Gomez Licon Adriana Protests Across Brazil Seek Ouster of President https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/brazil-bracing-day-nationwide-protests-30262127 13 April 2015 ABC News 12 April 2015 Protest organizersMarch 2016 combated such statements saying that the movement had spread to smaller cities in Brazil compared to 15 March protests.Romero Simon Brazilian Protests Return as Scandals Intensify https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/13/world/americas/brazilian-protests-return-as-scandals-intensify.html?_r=0 13 April 2015 The New York Times 12 April 2015 On 15 April, labor organizations protested a law that permitted companies to treat workers as independent contractors, and protests spreading through 19 Brazilian states with demonstrators blocking roads. Fieldwork using quantitative methods conducted in the 12 April protests by researchers based at the University of São Paulo in the city of São Paulo,http://www.lage.ib.usp.br/manif/ Pesquisa com os participantes da manifestação do dia 12 de abril de 2015 sobre a confiança no sistema político e fontes de informação www.lage.ib.usp.br 21 May 2016 19 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160319015103/http://www.lage.ib.usp.br/manif/ dead and by Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais professors in Belo Horizontehttp://opiniaopublica.ufmg.br/site/files/artigo/3-Dossie-Abril-2015-Mara-Telles1.pdf O QUE OS PROTESTOS TRAZEM DE NOVO PARA A POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA? opiniaopublica.ufmg.br 21 May 2016 noted the specific profile of the protesters. In São Paulo, they were largely very high-income, mostly white, with a great mistrust of political parties, especially those on the left, but with a strong belief in Aécio Neves, the defeated candidate in the 2014 national elections, and revealed a preference for ultra-conservative political journalism, and the belief that the Workers' Party intended to implement a communist regime in Brazil. In Belo Horizonte, protesters identified themselves mostly as centrist or right-wing in their political beliefs; supporting the idea that the federal government's distributive policies and favoring her resignation or impeachment. A call for military intervention was the third most frequent response. A majority of protesters agreed that military intervention was needed when asked that question in a yes or no format. Subsequent protests occurred on 16 August and on 13 December. 2016 right thumb|250px|right|Thousands of protesters march en route to the National Congress building in Brasilia on 13 March 2016. 250px|thumb|Demonstration in front of the National Congress. 250px|thumb|right|Thousands of Brazilians protesting outside Palácio do Planalto, the presidential palace, on 16 March 2016. Between 5.6 and 6.9 million Brazilians protested nationwide on 13 March 2016 calling for the arrest of her predecessor Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's on money laundering charges and more specifically, for Dilma's impeachment. Protests in 337 municipalities, from the jungle town of Manaus to the capital city of Brasilia, demanded Rousseff's resignation. In São Paulo alone, approximately 2.5 million protested dressed in Brazil's yellow and green apparel, said police, the largest demonstration in the history of the city. Though the protesters were mainly middle-class, support for Rousseff among the poor has reportedly dropped due to the economy. Balloons depicting Lula da Silva in a striped prison outfit named 'pixuleco' were also seen during the protests. On 16 March 2016, more protests broke out after Rousseff appointed Lula da Silva as her chief of staff, a move seen as shielding him from investigation, and leaked audio of a call between the two went public. The public, outraged, protested nationwide. In Brasilia, 5,000 people demonstrated outside the presidential palace and were dispersed with pepper spray and stun grenades when they approached the National Congress Palace. In São Paulo, thousands more protested, and another 5,000 in Porto Alegre. Protests reached 18 states. On 18 March 2016, the Order of Attorneys of Brazil, by 26 votes to 2, decided to support the impeachment of Rousseff based on the opinion of federal advisor Erick Venâncio.http://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,oab-decide--por-27-votos-a-2--apoiar-o-pedido-de-impeachment-de-dilma-no-congresso,10000022109 OAB decide, por 26 votos a 2, apoiar o pedido de impeachment de Dilma no Congresso Estadão Gustavo Aguiar 18 March 2016 Portuguesehttp://zh.clicrbs.com.br/rs/noticias/noticia/2016/03/oab-decide-apoiar-processo-de-impeachment-de-dilma-5115652.html OAB decide apoiar processo de impeachment de Dilma Zero Hora Carlos Rollsing 18 March 2016 Portuguese Reactions Government response Rousseff said she defended the right to protest but called the protests a tactic used against her by opposition politicians and business elites. In the week after the 15 March protest, President Rousseff said that she was open to dialogue and that she might have made mistakes in her economic policies.March 2021 Anti-corruption measures 250px|thumb|right|President Rousseff commenting on 15 March 2015 protests. Following the 15 March protests, the Brazilian government announced that "a package of anti-corruption measures" was on the way, according to Secretary General Miguel Rossetto and Justice Minister Jose Eduardo Cardozo. Cardozo also stated that the government would participate in dialogue and that there should be "a ban on corporate finance of electoral campaigns". On 18 March, President Rousseff introduced the anti-corruption package, which included up to 10 years in prison for individuals convicted of corruption and fines five to ten times the amount of money in any transaction.Langlois Jill In face of protests, Brazil's Rousseff offers anti-corruption measures http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-ff-brazil-rousseff-corruption-20150318-story.html 19 March 2015 Los Angeles Times 18 March 2015 The package would also included more individuals in all branches of the Brazilian government in the 2010 Ficha Limpa law, which makes an individual ineligible to participate in government for eight years after impeachment, resigning to avoid impeachment or conviction by a judiciary panel. Public opinion Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff In February 2015, before protests began, Rouseff's approval rating dropped 19 points to 23% with 44% disapproving of her in Datafolha polls. Following 15 March protests, Rouseff's approval rating fell even further to only 13% with a 62% disapproval rating, one of the highest disapproval ratings in the past 20 years of any president.March 2021 Other polls by Datafolha performed on 9 and 10 April showed that 63% believed President Rousseff "should face impeachment proceedings". Less than 15% knew that vice president Michel Temer would become president if Rousseff was impeached. In CNT/MDA polls performed in March 2015, 10.8% of Brazilians approved of Rouseff's government and 59.7 wanted her impeached.Brazil poll: Rousseff popularity still falling, impeachment favored https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-rousseff-poll-idUSKCN0PV1K120150721 21 July 2015 Reuters 21 July 2015 21 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150821152848/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/21/us-brazil-rousseff-poll-idUSKCN0PV1K120150721 live In July 2015, the CNT/MDA showed a lower approval rating of 7.7% and 62.8% of Brazilians wanting her impeachment. See also 2016-2017 South Korean protests 2016–2017 Brazilian protests List of protests in the 21st century List of scandals in Brazil References 30em Category:2015 protests Category:2016 protests Category:Protests in Brazil Category:Anti-communism in Brazil Category:Riots and civil disorder in Brazil Category:2015 in Brazil Category:2016 in Brazil