16 Cygni Bb

Extrasolar planet 16 Cygni Bb File:16 Cygni B b.png 16 Cygni Bb rendered in Celestia William D. Cochran, Artie P. Hatzes, R. Paul Butler, Geoff Marcy United States 22 October 1996 Radial velocity no astron 1.681 ± 0.097 AU km on 0.689 ± 0.011 798.5 ± 1.0 d 45 or 135 2,446,549.1 ± 6.6 83.4 ± 2.1 50.5 ± 1.6 16 Cygni B 2.38 ± 0.04 y 16 Cygni Bb or HD 186427 b is an extrasolar planet approximately 69 ly pc off on away in the constellation of Cygnus. The planet was discovered orbiting the Sun-like star 16 Cygni B, one of two solar-mass (y) components of the triple star system 16 Cygni in 1996.The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia — 16 Cyg B b https://exoplanet.eu/catalog/16_cyg_b_b--78/ Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia 2020-08-15 It orbits its star once every 799 days and was the first eccentric Jupiter and planet in a double star system to be discovered. The planet is abundant in lithium.Deal Morgan Richard Olivier Vauclair Sylvie Sylvie Vauclair 2015-12-01 Accretion of planetary matter and the lithium problem in the 16 Cygni stellar system https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2015/12/aa26917-15/aa26917-15.html Astronomy & Astrophysics en 584 A105 10.1051/0004-6361/201526917 1509.06958 2015A&A...584A.105D 0004-6361 free Discovery On the 22nd of October 1996, the discovery of a planetary-mass companion to the star 16 Cygni B was announced, with a mass at least 1.68 times that of Jupiter (y). At the time, it had the highest orbital eccentricity of any known planet. The discovery was made by measuring the star's radial velocity. As the inclination of the orbit cannot be directly measured and as no dynamic model of the system was then published, only a lower limit on the mass could then be determined.1997abos.conf..331B R. P. Butler The Lick Observatory Planet Search Marcy G. W. IAU Colloq. 161: Astronomical and Biochemical Origins and the Search for Life in the Universe 1997 331 Orbit thumb|left|The orbit of 16 Cygni Bb (black) compared to the inner planets in the Solar System. Unlike the planets in the Solar System, the planet's orbit is highly elliptical, and its distance varies from 0.54 AU e6mi e6km unit on at periastron to 2.8 AU e6mi e6km unit off at apastron.Butler R. P. 2006 Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets The Astrophysical Journal 646 1 505–522 astro-ph/0607493 2006ApJ...646..505B 10.1086/504701 119067572 etal This high eccentricity may have been caused by tidal interactions in the binary star system, and the planet's orbit may vary chaotically between low and high-eccentricity states over a period of tens of millions of years.Holman M. Touma J. Tremaine S. 1997 Chaotic variations in the eccentricity of the planet orbiting 16 Cygni B Nature 386 6622 254–256 1997Natur.386..254H 10.1038/386254a0 4312547 Preliminary astrometric measurements in 2001 suggested the orbit of 16 Cygni Bb may be highly inclined with respect to our line of sight (at around 173°).Han I. Black D. C. Gatewood G. 2001 Preliminary Astrometric Masses for Proposed Extrasolar Planetary Companions The Astrophysical Journal Letters 548 1 L57–L60 2001ApJ...548L..57H 10.1086/318927 This would mean the object's mass may be around 14 y; the dividing line between planets and brown dwarfs is at 13. However these measurements were later proved useful only for upper limits.Pourbaix D. Arenou F. 2001 Screening the Hipparcos-based astrometric orbits of sub-stellar objects Astronomy and Astrophysics 372 3 935–944 astro-ph/0104412 2001A&A...372..935P 10.1051/0004-6361:20010597 378792 Physical characteristics Because the planet has only been detected indirectly by measurements of its parent star, properties such as its radius, composition, and temperature are unknown.November 2023 A mathematical study in 2012 showed that a mass of about 2.4 would be most stable in this system. This would make the body a true planet.November 2023 The planet's highly eccentric orbit means the planet would experience extreme seasonal effects. Despite this, simulations suggest that an Earth-like moon, should it have formed in an orbit so close to the parent star, would be able to support liquid water at its surface for part of the year.Williams D. M. Pollard D. 2002 Earth-like worlds on eccentric orbits: excursions beyond the habitable zone International Journal of Astrobiology 1 1 61–69 2002IJAsB...1...61W 10.1017/S1473550402001064 37593615 See also 83 Leonis Bb HD 80606 b List of exoplanets discovered before 2000 References The Discovery of a Planetary Companion to 16 Cygni B Cochran William D. Hatzes Artie P. Butler R. Paul Marcy Geoffrey W. 1 The Astrophysical Journal 483 1 457–463 1997 astro-ph/9611230 1997ApJ...483..457C free 10.1086/304245 free Analysis of the motion of an extrasolar planet in a binary system Plávalová Eva Solovaya Nina A. The Astronomical Journal 146 5 108 2013 1212.3843 2013AJ....146..108P free 10.1088/0004-6256/146/5/108 free Astronomers Discover a Large World of Extremes Orbiting a ‘Solar Twin' Sawyer Kathy October 23, 1996 https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1996/10/24/astronomers-discover-a-large-world-of-extremes-orbiting-a-solar-twin Washington Post 2024-12-18 registration External links https://exoplanet.eu/catalog/16_cyg_b_b--78/ Notes for Planet 16 Cyg B b Jean Schneider 2011 Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia 30 September 2011 http://www.solstation.com/stars2/16cygni2.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20011122164851/http://www.solstation.com/stars2/16cygni2.htm dead November 22, 2001 16 Cygni 2? 2008-06-24 SolStation http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~kaler/sow/16cyg.html 16 Cygni-B 2008-06-24 University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign The Planet Project dead https://web.archive.org/web/20080518004546/http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~kaler/sow/16cyg.html 2008-05-18 http://media4.obspm.fr/exoplanets/base/etoile.php?nom=16+Cyg+B 16 Cyg B Exoplanets 2009-05-03 https://web.archive.org/web/20091125002817/http://media4.obspm.fr/exoplanets/base/etoile.php?nom=16+Cyg+B 2009-11-25 dead 19 41 51.9720 + 50 31 03.083 70.5 Category:Cygnus (constellation) Category:Exoplanets discovered in 1996 Category:Exoplanets detected by radial velocity Category:Giant planets