1906 Tour de France

April 2020 May 2019 1906 Tour de France Route of the 1906 Tour de France.png Route of the 1906 Tour de France followed clockwise, starting in Paris Map of France with the route of the 1906 Tour de France on it, showing that the race started in Paris, went clockwise through France and ended in Paris after thirteen stages. 360px 4–29 July 1906 13 4637 km 31 points René Pottier FRA Georges Passerieu FRA Louis Trousselier FRA 1905 1907 The 1906 Tour de France was the fourth edition of the Tour de France, and the second to use the points system. Taking place from 4 to 29 July, the total race distance was 4637 km run over 13 stages, with the winner averaging 24.463 km/h.Augendre 2016 108 New to this year's edition were the mountain climbs in the Massif Central. However, like its predecessors, cheating and sabotage still took place. Four competitors were disqualified for taking trains as a shortcut and spectators threw nails on the road. However, this did not stop René Pottier from taking a big lead in the first stages. Free of the tendinitis that had plagued his 1905 chances, he dominated the entire race.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/histoire.html 1906 – 4th Tour de France ASO 24 March 2009 https://archive.today/20090504023724/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/TDF/1907/us/annee.html?RaceYear=1907&x=23&y=4 4 May 2009 dead Innovations and changes Tour organiser Henri Desgrange had been happy with the increased length of the 1905 Tour de France, and decided to put even more stages in the 1906 version.Amels 1984 9–10 The introduction of mountain stages had also been successful, so this edition included not only the Vosges, but also the Massif Central.http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1906.php 1906: The first climbing star is born Tom James 14 August 2003 24 March 2009 VeloArchive The increased length made it possible to follow the borders of France, and in 1906 the perimeter was closely followed.McGann McGann 2006 16–19 left|thumb|The flamme rouge, indicating the final kilometre of the stage, was introduced in the 1906 Tour de France.|alt=A structure above a road, with a red triangle in the middle, with a car passing under the structure. The points system in the 1905 Tour de France had been successful enough in reducing cheating, so the Tour organisers used it again in the 1906 Tour de France, with a few changes: whereas in 1905, time differences still had some effect on the points distribution, in 1906 time differences were unimportant, and points were only given for the order in which the cyclists finished. The winner of the stage received one point, the second rider two points, et cetera. After the eighth stage, only 16 cyclists were remaining, and the results from the first eight stages were recalculated, with only the remaining cyclists, and the points were redistributed among the remaining riders in accordance with their positions in those stages. The first stage ended in Lille and the second stage started in Douai; this was the first time that a stage did not start where the previous stage ended. And, for the first time, the Tour also went outside France. The second stage crossed the border into Germany (Metz in Alsace-Lorraine, then part of Germany), and several days later riders visited Italy (Ventimiglia) and Spain (Irun).Le Tour de France pour les Nuls by Jean-Paul Vespini, First-Gründ, 2013, Paris. The 1906 Tour also saw the introduction of the flamme rouge (red flame), a red flag that indicates that the cyclists only have one kilometre to go. Participants List of cyclists in the 1906 Tour de France There were 100 cyclists signed up for the race, but only 76 of them came to the start. One of the absentees was Henri Cornet, winner of the 1904 Tour de France. Four cyclists were Belgian, one was Luxembourgian (later winner François Faber), two were German, and the rest were French.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1906Stage results – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403025730/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/partants.html dead Louis Trousselier, winner of the 1905 Tour de France, was present. The riders were not grouped in teams, but some cyclists had the same sponsor, even though they were not allowed to work together.Thompson 2006 36 Before the race started, most was expected from Cadolle, Aucouturier, Georget, Pottier, Trousselier, Dortignac and Petit-Breton.http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1906/07/12/MD19060712-004.pdf El "Tour de France" 1906 12 July 1906 es Mundo Deportivo 4 https://web.archive.org/web/20191006192028/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1906/07/12/MD19060712-004.pdf 6 October 2019 live As in 1905, the cyclists were divided in two categories, the coureurs de vitesse and the coureurs sur machines poinçonnées, where the riders in the first category were allowed to change bicycles, which could be an advantage in the mountains, where they could use a bicycle with lower gears. In 1905, sponsors had not been so enthusiastic about entering their cyclists in this category, but in 1906 they had learned that it had a commercial advantage to have cyclists starting in the poinçonnées category, because the average French citizen could identify more with them. In 1906, more than half of the cyclists started in the poinçonnées category, including Lucien Petit-Breton, one of the pre-favourites.http://wielrennen.miegum.nl/00000013.html Gelode fietsen 19 July 2010 nl Heersers van de Weg dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110902091848/http://wielrennen.miegum.nl/00000013.html 2 September 2011 Race overview 1906 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 7 1906 Tour de France, Stage 8 to Stage 13 thumb|right|Hippolyte Aucouturier fixing a flat tire|alt=A man working on the front tire of a bicycle; three men are watching. As in previous years, the spectators tried to assist their preferred riders by trying to impede their opponents.http://www.lorrainemace.com/index_files/Page1342.html Convicts of the road Lorraine Mace 2004 https://web.archive.org/web/20090212212010/http://lorrainemace.com/index_files/Page1342.html 12 February 2009 dead 19 July 2010 Lorraine Mace.com On the first stage, nails had been thrown on the road, and all cyclists except Lucien Petit-Breton punctured. This stage was won by Emile Georget in a sprint. In the second stage, René Pottier, who had shown his climbing abilities in the previous edition, aimed for the victory.McGann McGann 2006 16–19 He was stopped after 175 km with mechanical failure, and he lost 58 minutes. The other main contenders worked together to stay away from Pottier, but Pottier chased them for 200 km, caught them 25 km before the finish, and even left them behind, winning the stage with a margin of 1'30" on Petit-Breton and more than 9 minutes on the rest.Amels 1984 9–10 In the third stage, four cyclists (Julien Gabory, Henri Gauban, Gaston Tuvache and Maurice Carrere) were disqualified for taking the train. The Ballon d'Alsace, which had been the first real mountain in the Tour de France the previous year, was featured again. Just as the year before, it was mounted first by Pottier.Amels 1984 9–10 The stage was also won by Pottier, more than 45 minutes ahead of the rest.http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1906_3.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120223121656/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1906_3.php 23 February 2012 28 October 2016 dead Mémoire du cyclisme fr 4ème Tour de France 1906 – 3ème étappe thumb|left|The 1906 Tour passing through a town|alt=A square with two lines of crowd diagonally, with cyclist between them going to the lower right, and horses outside them. Pottier also won the fourth stage. In the fifth stage, he was leading by one hour at the halfway point. A cycling legend says that he decided to stop, entered a bar and ordered a bottle of wine, and drank it almost completely. When he saw the first other cyclists passing by, Pottier mounted his bicycle again, went after them, and won the stage.Amels 1984 9–10 By this point, Pottier was leading the overall classification firmly. The winner of the 1905 Tour de France, Louis Trousselier, had had a bad first half of the Tour, and was many points behind. Trousselier rediscovered his form in the second half of the race, won the 7th, 9th, 10th and 11th stages, and was challenging the second place of Georges Passerieu. Passerieu defended his position by winning the 12th stage.Amels 1984 9–10 In the last stage, Pottier showed his strength by winning the stage,Amels 1984 9–10 after finishing together in Paris with Passerieu. Results thumb|upright|Louis Trousselier, winner of four stages in the 1906 Tour de France.|alt=A black-and-white photograph of a man with three-colored sweater and shorts with a moustache sitting on a bicycle. Stage results + Stage characteristics and winnershttp://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1906.php Mémoire du cyclisme 4ème Tour de France 1906 fr 25 January 2022 12 January 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210112113452/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1906.php dead Augendre 2016 8The history of the Tour de France – Year 1906 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402233048/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance TypeIn 1906, there was no distinction in the rules between plain stages and mountain stages; the icons shown here indicate that only the third and fifth stage included mountains. Winner Race leader 1 4 July Paris to Lille 275 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Emile Georget FRA Emile Georget FRA 2 6 July Douai to Nancy 400 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage René Pottier FRA René Pottier FRA 3 8 July Nancy to Dijon 416 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) René Pottier FRA René Pottier FRA 4 10 July Dijon to Grenoble 311 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage René Pottier FRA René Pottier FRA 5 12 July Grenoble to Nice 345 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) René Pottier FRA René Pottier FRA 6 14 July Nice to Marseille 292 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Georges Passerieu FRA René Pottier FRA 7 16 July Marseille to Toulouse 480 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Louis Trousselier FRA René Pottier FRA 8 18 July Toulouse to Bayonne 300 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean-Baptiste Dortignacq FRA René Pottier FRA 9 20 July Bayonne to Bordeaux 338 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Louis Trousselier FRA René Pottier FRA 10 22 July Bordeaux to Nantes 391 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Louis Trousselier FRA René Pottier FRA 11 24 July Nantes to Brest 321 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Louis Trousselier FRA René Pottier FRA 12 26 July Brest to Caen 415 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Georges Passerieu FRA René Pottier FRA 13 29 July Caen to Paris 259 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage René Pottier FRA René Pottier FRA Total 4637 km 0 onAugendre 2016 108 After the 13th stage, the race was followed by two timed exhibition laps on the Velodrome in Paris, the result of which was not counted for the overall classification. The winner was Emile Georget, who finished the 1332 m in 2:07.20.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1906_13.php 25 January 2022 Mémoire du cyclisme 4ème Tour de France 1906 – 13ème étape fr 12 January 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210112114313/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1906_13.php dead General classification thumb|right|Georges Passerieu (left) and René Pottier (right), preparing for their honorary lap after the Tour ended.|alt=Two men with flowers in their hands, sitting on bicycles being held by other men, with the Eiffel tower seen in the background. One hundred cyclists had entered for the 1906 Tour de France; only 82 of them showed up at the start. Only 49 cyclists finished the first stage, and the number of active cyclists quickly fell to 37 in stage two, 29 in stage three, until 16 after stage eight. At that point, the points given in the first eight stages were redistributed among the remaining riders in accordance with their positions in those stages. At the end of the Tour de France, only 14 cyclists finished. The cyclists were not grouped in teams; some cyclists had the same sponsor, but they were not allowed to work together.Thompson 2006 36 + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1906 – Stage 13.02 Caen > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/1302/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402214347/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1906/1302/etape.html dead Rank Rider Sponsor Points 1 René Pottier FRA Peugeot 31 2 Georges Passerieu FRA Peugeot 39 3 Louis Trousselier FRA Peugeot 61 4 Lucien Petit-Breton FRA Peugeot 65 5 Emile Georget FRA Alcyon–Dunlop 80 6 Aloïs Catteau BEL Alcyon–Dunlop 129 7 Édouard Wattelier FRA Labor 137 8 Léon Georget FRA Alcyon–Dunlop 152 9 Eugène Christophe FRA Labor 156 10 Anthony Wattelier FRA Alcyon–Dunlop 168 Final general classification (11–14) Rank Rider Sponsor Points 11 Georges Fleury FRA Rochet 201 12 Ferdinand Payan FRA Chapmeyrache/MIC Cycles 222 13 Léon Winant FRA — 241 14 Georges Bronchard FRA Biguet 256 Other classifications Lucien Petit-Breton was the winner of the "machines poinçonnées" category.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/fr/TDF/1906/histoire.html l'Historique du Tour – Année 1906 fr Amaury Sport Organisation 30 December 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20100716170705/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/fr/TDF/1906/histoire.html 16 July 2010 dead The organising newspaper l'Auto named René Pottier the meilleur grimpeur. This unofficial title is the precursor to the mountains classification.Cleijne 2014 156 Aftermath The Tour organisers did not make many changes the rules or route for the next race, because they had worked in the 1906 Tour de France. The revised points system would be kept in this form until 1911, only to be changed a little bit in 1912 before being replaced by the time system in 1913. The flamme rouge that was introduced in 1906 to indicate the final kilometre of a stage was kept and is still in use. René Pottier would not defend his title in the 1907 Tour de France, because he would commit suicide before, after discovering that his wife had had an affair while he was riding the Tour.McGann McGann 2006 16–19 Petit-Breton and Georget would start again in the 1907 Tour and duel for the overall victory, which would be won by Petit-Breton. To honor Pottier's achievements on the Ballon d'Alsace, a monument was placed for him on top of that mountain.http://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1906.htm The Thrill of Victory, the Agony of Life Boyce Barry 2004 Cyclingrevealed 19 July 2010 Notes References 30em Bibliography Amels Wim De geschiedenis van de Tour de France 1903–1984 Valkenswaard, Netherlands Sport-Express 1984 nl 978-90-70763-05-3 Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 PDF Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live Cleijne Jan Legends of the Tour https://books.google.com/books?id=3nCNAwAAQBAJ 2014 London Head of Zeus 978-1-78185-998-8 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis, IN 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Thompson Christopher S. The Tour de France: A Cultural History https://books.google.com/books?id=M-vUF6Y_4RUC University of California Press Oakland, CA 2006 978-0-520-24760-4 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 26–27 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1906 Tour de France 1 7 8 13 Tour de France Category:Tour de France by year Tour de France Tour de France