2012 Iranian legislative election

none Iran parliamentary 2008 Iranian legislative election 2008 2016 Iranian legislative election 2016 66.2%Ehteshami, Anoushiravan Iran: Stuck in Transition Politics of the Islamic Republic 2017 Taylor & Francis The Contemporary Middle East 63 9781351985451 All 290 seats to the Islamic Consultative Assembly 146 2 March and 4 May 2012 108px Ali Larijani font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:center; Parties The two Societies Front of Followers Transformationalists FF0000 United Front of Principlists Qom 133They won 36 exclusive seats plus 97 seats, making their seats a total of 133. Of 97 Seats, 52 are shared with Front of Islamic Revolution Stability, 28 are shared with Resistance Front of Islamic Iran and 13 are shared with both.https://www.mizanonline.ir/fa/news/66575/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%88-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85 تعداد و درصد گرايش سياسي نمايندگان مجلس نهم Mizan Online March 10, 201536+97 45.86% Political camp Principlists Principlists Principlists Reformists Principlists Principlists Principlists Reformists B0C4DE 100px Mohammad Taqi Mesbah Yazdi — Stability Front Did not standMohammad Taqi Mesbah Yazdi, an Assembly of Experts member, is the spiritual leader behind the Front of Islamic Revolution Stability.https://www.ft.com/content/2735fedc-5e09-11e1-8c87-00144feabdc0 Hardline group emerges as Iran poll threat Bozorgmehr Najmeh February 23, 2012 Financial Times London March 10, 2015 He is not officially a member of the party and did not stand for the election. 83They won 18 exclusive seats plus 65 seats, making their seats a total of 83. Of 83 seats, 52 are shared with United Front of Principlists and 13 are shared with United Front of Principlists and Resistance Front of Islamic Iran.18+65 28.62% 008080 100px Mohsen Rezaee Resistance Front font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:center; Parties Development and Justice Party Green Party Did not standMohsen Rezaee, former Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander, is the spiritual leader behind the Resistance Front of Islamic Iran.http://www.todayszaman.com/todays-think-tanks_political-road-map-of-iran-before-the-parliamentary-majlis-elections_273077.html Political road map of Iran before the Parliamentary (Majlis) elections Today's Zaman March 10, 2015 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150330043149/http://www.todayszaman.com/todays-think-tanks_political-road-map-of-iran-before-the-parliamentary-majlis-elections_273077.html March 30, 2015 He is not officially a member of the party and did not stand for the election. 70They won 18 exclusive seats plus 52 seats, making their seats a total of 70. Of 52 seats, 28 are shared with United Front of Principlists and 13 are shared with United Front of Principlists and Front of Islamic Revolution Stability.18+52 24.13% 7CFC00 115px Mostafa Kavakebian Reformists Front font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:center; Parties Democracy Party Worker House Semnanfa https://www.khabaronline.ir/detail/201739 خواهر احمدي نژاد شکست خورد/ کواکبيان هم به مجلس نرفت Khabar Online March 10, 2015(defeated) 13 4.48% FFA500 Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 2009.jpg Mashai Russia June 2009.jpg centre 62 0 Mahmoud AhmadinejadEsfandiar Mashaei Justice DiscourseMonotheism and Justice Front — Did not standMahmoud Ahmadinejad and Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei, who were President of Iran and Chief of Staff respectively, did not stand in the election, however, circle of people close to the two, so-called “Deviant Tendency” (fa جریان انحرافی) were allegedly led by them. Most of the candidates linked to the President were disqualified by the Guardian Council. 9https://www.dw.de/%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85/a-15785719 ناکامان بزرگ انتخابات مجلس نهم 5 January 2008 Deutsche Welle 10 August 2015 fa 10 November 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20231110111318/https://www.dw.com/fa-ir/%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85/a-15785719 dead 3.10% 000000 119px Shahabodin Sadr Insight and Islamic Awakening FrontInsight and Islamic Awakening Front split from the United Front of Principlists after Shahabodin Sadr was removed from their electoral list. The leader was disqualified by the Guardian Council.fa https://www.radiofarda.com/content/f10_iranian_new_faction_conservatives_candidacy/24481434.html تشديد اختلافات در آستانه انتخابات؛ اصولگرايان هشت فهرست انتخاباتي مي دهند Radio Farda March 10, 2015 — Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr(disqualified) 7 2.41% fdc238 100px Ali Motahari People's VoicePeople's Voice split from the United Front of Principlists after Ali Motahari was removed from their electoral list. — Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr 2 0.68% 00017B 75px Mohammad Khatami Council for coordinating the Reforms Front — Did not standMohammad Khatami, former President of Iran, is the spiritual leader of Council for coordinating the Reforms Front and Iranian reform movement. — 0% Speaker Ali Larijani Ali Larijani United Front of Principlists United Front of Principlists The parliamentary election for the 9th Islamic Consultative Assembly, or Majlis, were held in Iran on Friday, 2 March 2012 with a second round on 4 May 2012 in those 65 districts where no candidate received 25% or more of the votes cast. More than 5,000 candidates registered but more than a third were disqualified by the Guardian Council leaving about 3,400 candidates to run for the 290 seat representing the 31 provinces. The election has been described by journalists and analysts "as a contest between" Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad,Iran elections clouded by doubts 02 Mar 2012 with Khamenei supporters winning a large majority of seats.Elections in Iran Favor Ayatollah’s Allies, Dealing Blow to President and His Office By NEIL MacFARQUHAR| 4 March 2012 Iranian officials and state media have described the election as a sign of Iranians' trust in the Islamic Republic and a message to the West rejecting pressure over Iran's nuclear program.Iran Elections 2012: Ahmadinejad Routed By Rivals By ALI AKBAR DAREINI 05/05/12] Although no final election turnout figures were released, state media emphasized that voter turnout was high. The parliament has "no direct control over key foreign and security policy matters" but some influence over those policies and coming elections. In the wake of the crushing of reformist protest against the 2009 election results, few if any reformist candidates were allowed by the Guardian Council to run. The new parliament was opened on 27 May 2012. Background Elections in Iran After two consecutive wins in 2004 and 2008, the governing conservatives are hoping to secure yet another majority in the parliament. Events since the 2008 election The 2008 election saw a majority win for the conservatives and supporters of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad but in the last years of the parliament, It was a despite with the president and the parliament, major in the budget approval. The parliament elected Ali Larijani, a former opponent of Ahmadinejad in the 2005 presidential election as the chairman. The first disagreement with the government was the vote of no confidence and dismissal of then Interior Minister, Ali Kordan, just three months after the opening of the new parliament. The presidential election was held in June 2009 in which Ahmadinejad was re-elected as the president. This was very despite with the results. Opposition repudiated the result and claimed that there was fraud in the election. The inauguration ceremony, held in parliament on 5 August 2009, was not attended by more than 60 of the 290 members of Parliament. Parliament also rejected three of the introduced ministers of Ahmadinejad's second cabinet. Electoral system The registration of candidates was handled by the Interior Ministry and candidates are vetted by the Guardian Council.Iran starts registering candidates for March parliamentary elections; reformists stay out By Associated Press, 24 December 2011 Since 2007, Iran has been divided into 207 electoral districts. These districts are roughly based on geography, but shaped according to the number of voters so that each district holds roughly the same number of registered voters. 202 districts are Muslim majority and 5 districts belong to the recognized religious minorities. Therefore, these districts do not correspond to the borders of top administrative divisions within Iran and each district contains one or more or parts of several provinces of Iran. The legal term of the parliament is four years. The elections must be held before the dissolution of the parliament. The new members must be sworn three months after their elections in the first day of opening of the parliament. The speaker and deputy speakers are elected in the opening day. In the time of war and military occupation, after the proposal of the president and approval of three-fourths of the members of the parliament and approval of the Guardian Council, elections can be postponed in the occupied areas or the entire country for a certain period. If in a district, no one can earn ¼ of the votes, a second round election will be held after four weeks. If an elected MP dies, resigns or leaves office for other reasons, Ministry of the Interior must hold the election in her/his districts in less than seven months. None of the candidates can nominate herself/himself in more than one district. If so, her/his candidacy will be canceled and they will be disenfranchised. Voting must be an official holiday.Electoral law of the Consultative Assembly Qualifications March 2012 According to Iran's law, in order to qualify as a candidate one must: Be an Iranian citizen Have a master's degree (unless being an incumbent) Be a supporter of the Islamic Republic, pledging loyalty to constitution Be a practicing Muslim (unless running to represent one of the religious minorities in Iran) Not have a "notorious reputation" Be in good health, between the ages of 30 and 75. Candidates found to be mentally impaired, actively supporting the Shah or supporting political parties and organizations deemed illegal or been charged with anti-government activity, converted to another faith or has otherwise renounced the Islamic faith, have been found guilty of corruption, treason, fraud, bribery, is an addict or trafficker or have been found guilty of violating Shariat law are disqualified. Campaign The chief of the Council of Guardians, Ayatollah Ahmad Jannati, has said that reformists he labeled as traitors "need not participate." Former president Mohammad Khatami demanded that political prisoners be freed and that former presidential candidates Mir-Hossein Mousavi and Mahdi Karroubi be released from house arrest as a precondition for his movements participation. Since his call went unheeded Ali Mohammad-Gharibani, head of the Reformist Front Coordination Council, said: "Despite efforts...to create an appropriate election climate, unfortunately more restrictions have been imposed. Therefore, the council has decided that it won’t issue any election list and won’t support anyone." The electoral campaign was started on 23 February and ended on 1 March. Over 5,400 had registered to contest the 290 parliamentary seats. More than 47,000 polling stations will operate nationwide during the elections. Some 3.9 million people will cast their votes for the first time. According to Iran's Interior Ministry, the election process will be managed by some 850,000 observers in 47,000 polling stations and 1,000 constituencies across the country. Registration and vetting of candidates The registration ran from 24 to 30 January 2012. 5,405 people applied at the Interior Ministry to stand as candidates. These included 490 women. 1,006 applied in Tehran. North Khorasan province had the smallest number with 39 people.Number of the candidates for parliamentary election The number of applications was down from the 2008 parliamentary elections when 7,597 applied. According to Aljazeera commentators, the number of rejections—including 33 sitting members of parliamentIran election draws conservatives: 'God, please accept this vote from me' By Scott Peterson / csmonitor.com / 2 March 2012—can be attributed primarily to stricter educational requirements, and the narrowing of what is considered politically acceptable by the Guardian Council. Beginning with the 2012 elections, candidates have to have at least a master's degree to stand for elections, not just a Bachelors as in earlier elections. In addition candidate hopefuls may have been disqualified for affiliation with leftist organisations, the reformist camp, or even President Ahmadinejad.What it takes to run for Iran's parliament Political parties and coalitions According to Neil MacFarquhar of The New York Times, "there are no real political parties in Iran, only murky, shifting alliances of political figures," but according to Al Jazeera, the vote is a contest between the United Front of Principlists, who support Supreme Leader Khamenei, and the Front of Islamic Revolution Stability, which backs Ahmadinejad. Principlists thumb|250px|Incantations of the candidates of the United Front of Conservatives United Front of Principlists: The coalition is led by Ali Larijani, current chairman of the parliament. Front of Islamic Revolution Stability Monotheism and Justice Party: A group of Ahmadinejad supporters. People's Voice: The front formed by a group of conservatives led by Ali Motahari. Insight and Islamic Awakening Front: The front led by second deputy speaker of the parliament, Shahab od-Din Sadr. Reformists The Council for coordinating the Reforms Front or simply "Reforms Front" (fa جبهه اصلاحات),fa http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2013/05/130508_file_parties_election_ir92 واژه نامه جریان های فعال در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ایران – BBC Persian BBC Persian 21 August 2015 13 June 2013 the highest decision-making body inside Iranian reform movement, called the elections 'illegal and unfair' and "decided not to present a unified list [of candidates] and not to support anyone [in the race]".https://www.oyetimes.com/news/middle-east/16478-upcoming-elections-illegal-and-unfair-says-green-council 'Upcoming elections illegal and unfair' says Green Council Oye! Times March 10, 2015 Cyrus Green 20 December 2011 However, some member groups inside the council including Worker House and Democracy Party, and some individual reformists formed the "Reformists Front" (fa جبهه اصلاح‌طلبان) led by Mostafa Kavakebian to compete in the elections. Some reformist groups like Assembly of Qom Seminary Scholars and Researchers, Association of Combatant Clerics and Islamic Iran Participation Front ruled out any cooperation with this group, and some labeled them as "fake reformists" (fa اصلاح‌طلبان بدلی).http://www.roozonline.com/english/news3/newsitem/article/we-want-to-meet-the-supreme-leader.html We Want to Meet the Supreme Leader Rooz Online March 10, 2015 Mohammad Reza Yazdanpanah 5 March 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20150928223321/http://www.roozonline.com/english/news3/newsitem/article/we-want-to-meet-the-supreme-leader.html 28 September 2015 dead Results Iranian legislative election, 2012 (Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr) IranPolitik According to the IranPolitik, the results were:"Iran Election Watch 2012: Main Principalist groups emerge with weak majority" Principalist Unity Front: 65 Persevering Front of the Islamic Revolution: 22 Joint PUF/PFIR: 61 Democratic Front: 20 Independent Principalists: 17 Independents: 105 Mizan Online According to Mizan Online, the official news agency of Iranian Judiciary, 182 were conservative, 13 were reformer and 88 were independent (excluding 5 religious minority members and 2 vacant seats).https://www.mizanonline.ir/fa/news/66575/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%88-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85 تعداد و درصد گرایش سیاسی نمایندگان مجلس نهم Mizan Online March 10, 2015 + Seats won by major listsListShared SeatsTotal Seats UFP FIRS RFII RF PV UFP36522822 +RFII133 FIRS521813 +UFPcolspan=2 colspan=2 83 RFII2813 +UFP1892 +UFP70 RF2colspan=2 913125 PV2 +RFIIcolspan=2 2 +UFP114 Stratfor According to Stratfor, the United Front of Conservatives and Stability Front won 98 and 43 seats respectively, while other political parties and independents took the rest.https://www.stratfor.com/analysis/iran-implications-ahmadinejads-parliamentary-defeat Iran: Implications of Ahmadinejad's Parliamentary Defeat Assessment 5 May 2012 2 July 2017 Stratfor Bani Kamal (2013) The affiliations of candidates are determined on the basis of the candidacy lists in which their names appeared. Given the overlap of candidacy lists, the share of each group might be claimed more or less than what is in the table, which shows the results out of 225 confirmed seats. Electoral listNominees listed (out of 290)Seats won (out of 225)United Front of Principlists25897 (including 49 supported by the FIRS)Independents (candidates who contested individually)83Front of Islamic Revolution Stability19917Resistance Front of Islamic Iran1807Democratic Front8316Coalition of Independent Candidates8616Monotheism and Justice Front305Total290225Source: Abdol Moghset Bani KamalThe ninth Majlis elections in Iran: Electoral laws, procedures and institutions https://journals.iium.edu.my/intdiscourse/index.php/islam/article/download/507/453 Abdol Moghset Bani Kamal Intellectual Discourse International Islamic University of Malaysia 0128-4878 2013 71–86 21 1 Analysis The government hopes that the high turnout it claims will give it a boost. According to a statement issued on the Web site of the Foreign Ministry, by turning out in droves, Iranians "especially in this sensitive historical era, have shown that, despite all of the conspiracies, pressures, and sanctions, and the bleak portrait painted by the media of global arrogance, they will continue defending independence and the national interest". However, the foreign journalist Laura Secor found a polling station in Tehran (Hosseiniyeh Ershad) where she had always seen long lines of voters in previous elections, nearly empty this year.Letter from Tehran Election, Monitored newyorker.com by Laura Secor May 7, 2012 Majid Zavari, a Tehran-based political analyst, said the economy and the persistent unemployment would be pivotal issues in the election: "From one end, Iranian society is facing high unemployment, particularly among educated youth who, despite university degrees, do not have decent living standards. This has increased discontent amongst people," Zavari told Al Jazeera. According to analyst, Maryam Khatibi, "reformists are nowhere to be seen," in the election campaign. Nasser Karimi and Brian Murphy of the Associated Press see the election as divided between pro-Ahmadinejad conservatives and pro-Ali Khamenei conservatives. Liberals, reformists and youth groups that led the protests are virtually absent from the parliamentary ballots after relentless crackdowns and arrests. Conservatives – now left without a unifying foe – have splintered into various factions either backing or rejecting Ahmadinejad for daring to challenge Khamenei and the ruling clerics.Iran Elections 2012: Everything You Need To Know On Upcoming Parliamentary Vote, 1 March 2012 However, Mohammad Khatami – former president of the Islamic Republic and the "spiritual leader of the reformist movement" – who had urged Iranians not to vote, did end up voting March 2.Dispatch Tehranis Talk of the Elections' Stakes and Khatami's Shock Ballot by ALI CHENAR| 04 Mar 2012 Turnout According to the official accounts, out of 48,288,799 eligible voters, 26,472,760 turned out. Notes 30em References External links Iran Profile Election guide Iranian Journalists under Pressure: Arrest or Exile Qantara.de Category:2012 elections in Iran Category:March 2012 in Iran Category:May 2012 in Iran Category:Islamic Consultative Assembly elections Category:9th legislature of the Islamic Republic of Iran