14 Irene

Main-belt asteroid October 2019 yes #D6D6D6 14 Irene.png A three dimensional model of 14 Irene from light curve inversion on the top and images of the asteroid on the bottom. 14 Irene 24px|alt=Astronomical symbol of 14 Irene|class=skin-invert|𜻇 (historical) John Russell Hind George Bishop's Observatory 20 May 1851 (14) Irene A906 QC;A913 EA;1952 TM aɪ ˈ r iː n iːNoah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language Irenean aɪ r ᵻ ˈ n iː ə n (< Irenæan) Irēnē Main belt 21 November 2025 (JD 2461000.5) 2.588 AU 2.167 AU 3.009 AU 0.163 4.163 yr (1520.59 d) 9.130° 98.265° 86.010° 12.926° 2.016 AU 3.385 (167 × 153 × 139) ± 16 km 152 km (Dunham) 5.26 0.15 18 kgCalculated from its standard gravitational parameter GM = 0.351 0.010 km3 s2. 2.70 0.32 g/cm3Assuming a diameter of 155 ± 6 km. 0.6275 days hourshttp://www.psi.edu/pds/archive/lc.html https://web.archive.org/web/20060614093519/https://www.psi.edu/pds/archive/lc.html dead 14 June 2006 Asteroid Lightcurve Parameters 2008-11-03 Planetary Science Institute S 8.85AstDys (14) Irene Ephemerides Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=14&oc=500&y0=2088&m0=4&d0=1&h0=0&mi0=0&y1=2088&m1=4&d1=2&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=1.0&tiu=days 2010-06-26 to 12.30 6. 0.159 0.17 arcsecond to 0.052" 14 Irene (aɪ ˈ r iː n iː) is a large main-belt asteroid, discovered by the English astronomer John Russell Hind on 20 May 1851. It is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.585 AU with a period of 1518.176 days years 2 out and an eccentricity of 0.168. The orbital plane is tilted at an angle of 9.1° to the plane of the ecliptic. Observations from 2007 indicate that the rotation pole of 14 Irene lies close to the plane of the ecliptic, indicating it has an obliquity close to 90°. The fairly flat Irenian lightcurves indicate somewhat spherical proportions.January 2021 This is a stony S-type asteroid with a mean diameter of around 152 km. It is spinning with a rotation period of 15 hours. There have been seven reported stellar occultation events by Irene. The best is a three chord event observed in 2013.https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/occ.html Asteroid Data Sets sbn.psi.edu 2018-05-19 History thumb|left|upright=0.7|alt=An elderly bald European man with heavy facial hair, dressed in a suit|John R. Hind discovered Irene on 20 May 1851. Irene was discovered by English astronomer John R. Hind on the very early morning of 20 May 1851 from George Bishop's Observatory in London, England. At that time, he was observing near the star Lalande 29490, around the 16th hour of right ascension and 10–15°S of declination in the constellation of Scorpius. For several years prior, he had examined this region of the sky as a nearby star had been erroneously omitted from Wölfer's star charts. Near Lalande 29490, Xi Scorpii, and 50 Librae,Formerly designated as Psi Librae57 he noticed a pale blue object of about the ninth magnitude that had not been recorded before. Since such an object was unlikely to have gone unnoticed in prior sweeps of the area, he quickly suspected its non-stellar nature. This was confirmed by follow-up observations throughout that morning, and Hind announced his discovery of a new planetAt the time of Irene's discovery, asteroids were frequently called planets. They would later be reclassified as "minor planets". through The London Times on 21 May 1851. Further announcements of the discovery were published by journals such as Astronomische Nachrichten and The Astronomical Journal in the following months. Irene was the fourth asteroid discovered by Hind and the fourteenth discovered in history. Hind would go on to discover a further six asteroids. Naming Irene was named after Irēnē, a personification of peace in Greek mythology. She was one of the Horae, daughter of Zeus and Themis. The name was suggested by Sir John Herschel. Hind wrote, "You will readily discover that this name [...] has some relation to this event (the Great Industrial Exhibition) which is now filling our metropolis [London] with the talent of all civilised nations, with those of Peace, the productions of Art and Science, in which all mankind must feel an interest." The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations in the Crystal Palace of Hyde Park, London, ran from 1 May until 18 October 1851. Symbol Hind suggested that the symbol for the asteroid should be "A dove carrying an olive-branch, with a star on its head", but it was hardly drawn before the use of graphical symbols to represent asteroids was dropped entirely.When did the asteroids become minor planets? https://web.archive.org/web/20070921162818/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php 2007-09-21 It was included in Unicode 17.0 as U+1CEC7 𜻇 (12px|class=skin-invert|alt=14 Irene symbol). Orbit Irene orbits the Sun at an average distance, or semi-major axis, of 2.59 astronomical units (AU), placing it in the main asteroid belt. Along its 4.16 year long orbit, its distance from the Sun varies from 2.17 AU at perihelion to 3.01 AU at aphelion due to its orbital eccentricity of 0.16. Its orbit is inclined by 9° with respect to the ecliptic plane, and it does not belong to any known asteroid family, classifying it as a background asteroid. See also Former classification of planets Notes References 2008-04-14 last obs JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 14 Irene http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=14 2008-11-27 (14) Irene – Proper Elements https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=14 Asteroids Dynamic Site 31 January 2026 Bode Johann Elert Allgemeine Beschreibung und Nachweisung der Gestirne 1801 Self-published German 1801abun.book.....B Hind John R. Discovery of a New Planet The London Times 21 May 1851 Hind John R. Discovery of Irene May 1851 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 11 7 149–152 10.1093/mnras/11.7.149 free Hind John R. On the Discovery of a Fourth New Planet, at Mr. Bishop's Observatory, Regent's Park June 1851 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 11 8 170–175 10.1093/mnras/11.8.170a free 1851MNRAS..11..170H Hind John R. Letter from Mr. J. R. Hind to the Editor, Concerning the Discovery of a New Planet June 1851 Astronomische Nachrichten 32 259 Gould Benjamin A. New Planet June 1851 Astronomical Journal 2 27 22 1851AJ......2...22G Hind John Russell 1852 From a Letter of Mr. Hind to the Editor Astronomical Journal 2 22–23 10.1086/100162 1851AJ......2...22H free B. A. Gould On the symbolic notation of the asteroids https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1852AJ......2...80G The Astronomical Journal January 1852 2 80 10.1086/100212 1852AJ......2...80G Schmadel Lutz D. Dictionary of minor planet names 1 5th 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 3-540-00238-3 16 New Lightcurves of 8 Flora, 13 Egeria, 14 Irene, 25 Phocaea 40 Harmonia, 74 Galatea, and 122 Gerda Pilcher Frederick Bulletin of the Minor Planets Section of the Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers 36 4 133–136 October 2009 2009MPBu...36..133P James Baer Steven Chesley Robert Matson Astrometric masses of 26 asteroids and observations on asteroid porosity The Astronomical Journal 141 5 2011 10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/143 2011AJ....141..143B free William B. Ashworth Jr. Scientist of the Day - John Russell Hind https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/john-russell-hind/ Linda Hall Library 12 May 2021 10 December 2025 live https://web.archive.org/web/20250327192326/https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/annibale-de-gasparis/ 27 March 2025 https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2023/23207-historical-asteroids.pdf Unicode request for historical asteroid symbols Bala Gavin Jared Miller Kirk 18 September 2023 unicode.org Unicode 26 September 2023 Miscellaneous Symbols Supplement 2025 unicode.org The Unicode Consortium https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1CEC0.pdf September 9, 2025 Fuentes-Muñoz Oscar Farnocchia Davide Giorgini Jon D. Park Ryan S. 2025-12-01 Asteroid Mass Estimation by Mutual Perturbations During Close Encounters After Gaia Focused Product Release The Astronomical Journal 170 6 353 10.3847/1538-3881/ae0cc9 0004-6256 free 2025AJ....170..353F 283347135 External links Elements and Ephemeris for (14) Irene Minor Planet Center http://scully.cfa.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/returnprepeph.cgi?d=b2011&o=00014 26 May 2011 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051636/http://scully.cfa.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/returnprepeph.cgi?d=b2011&o=00014 dead (displays Elong from Sun and V mag for 2011) 14 13 Egeria 14 15 Eunomia Category:Background asteroids Irene Irene Category:S-type asteroids (Tholen) Category:S-type asteroids (SMASS) 18510519