1776 Kuiper

Main-belt asteroid October 2019 yes 1776 Kuiper #D6D6D6 24 September 1960 C. J. van HoutenI. van Houten-G.T. Gehrels Palomar Obs. (1776) Kuiper 2520 P-L1930 EB1931 KK1938 SU1952 DQ 21963 FJ Gerard Kuiper(Dutch astronomer) main-belt(outer)Eos 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) 0 87.08 yr (31,805 days) 3.1442 AU 3.0618 AU 3.1030 AU 0.0133 5.47 yr (1,996 days) 36.958° 0.1803 ms / day 9.4929° 176.68° 306.29° 35.96 1.6 km (IRAS:9)39.952 0.432 0.033 0.0050.0544 0.005 (IRAS:9) 11.3 1776 Kuiper, provisional designation 2520 P-L, is a dark Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 38 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 24 September 1960, by Dutch astronomer couple Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten in collaboration with Dutch–American astronomer Tom Gehrels at the U.S. Palomar Observatory in California, and named after Dutch astronomer Gerard Kuiper. Orbit and classification Kuiper is a member of the Eos family (606), the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 asteroids.23 It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 3.1–3.1 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (1,996 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.01 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic. Kuiper was first identified as 1930 EB at Heidelberg Observatory in 1930, extending its observation arc by 30 years prior to its official discovery observation. Palomar–Leiden survey The survey designation "P-L" stands for Palomar–Leiden, named after Palomar and Leiden Observatory, which collaborated on the fruitful Palomar–Leiden survey in the 1960s. Gehrels used Palomar's Samuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped the photographic plates to Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory where astrometry was carried out. The trio are credited with the discovery of several thousand minor planets. Physical characteristics According to the surveys carried out by IRAS and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Kuiper measures 36.0 and 40.0 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has a low albedo of 0.033 and 0.054, respectively. Typical value for C-, D- or P-type asteroids in the outer main-belt. However, as of 2017, Kuipers composition, as well as its rotation period and shape remain unknown. Naming This minor planet is named after Dutch–American astronomer Gerard Kuiper (1905–1973), initiator of the Palomar-Leiden survey. He was a well-known authority in the field of planetary science and director at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory and at Yerkes Observatory. He discovered Miranda and Nereid, satellites of Uranus and Neptune, respectively. The third zone of the Solar System, the Kuiper belt, is named after him. Also, the Mercurian crater Kuiper, the Martian crater Kuiper and the lunar crater Kuiper all bear his name. The official 1776 naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 1971 (M.P.C. 3185). References 30em 2017-03-30 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1776 Kuiper (2520 P-L) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001776 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 8 June 2017 Schmadel Lutz D. Dictionary of Minor Planet Names Springer Berlin Heidelberg 142 2007 978-3-540-00238-3 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1777 (1776) Kuiper 1776 Kuiper (2520 P-L) Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1776 24 June 2016 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008) Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs Schmadel Lutz D. 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg 221 978-3-642-01964-7 10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4 Minor Planet Discoverers Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/MPDiscsNum.html 28 December 2015 1 January 2016 E. F. Tedesco P. V. Noah M. Noah S. D. Price October 2004 IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0 https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab NASA Planetary Data System 12 IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 2004PDSS...12.....T 22 October 2019 6 Joseph R. Masiero A. K. Mainzer T. Grav J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri C. Nugent M. S. Cabrera November 2012 Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 1 5 2012ApJ...759L...8M 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 8 December 2016 1209.5794 Asteroid 1776 Kuiper – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 Small Bodies Data Ferret https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1776+Kuiper#Asteroid%201776%20KuiperEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 26 October 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20201107113420/https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1776+Kuiper#Asteroid%201776%20KuiperEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 7 November 2020 dead D. Nesvorný M. Broz V. Carruba December 2014 Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families Asteroids IV 297–321 2015aste.book..297N 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016 1502.01628 9780816532131 1776 4 April 2017 External links Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html 16 December 2017 ) Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR https://web.archive.org/web/20160729213840/http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html 29 July 2016 – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center 1776 1775 Zimmerwald 1776 1777 Gehrels 001776 2520 Category:Discoveries by Cornelis Johannes van Houten Category:Discoveries by Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld Category:Discoveries by Tom Gehrels Category:Named minor planets 1776 Kuiper 19600924