1988 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1988 Tour de France Route of the 1988 Tour de France.png Route of the 1988 Tour de France 360 px 4–24 July 1988 22 3286 km 84h 27' 53" Pedro Delgado ESP MOV 1988 yellow Steven Rooks NED PDM 1988 Fabio Parra COL KEL 1988 Eddy Planckaert BEL AD Renting 1988b green Steven Rooks NED PDM 1988 polkadot Erik Breukink NED PSC 1988 white Steven Rooks NED PDM 1988 combined Frans Maassen NED RAB 1988 red PDM 1988 PDM 1988 Jérôme Simon FRA C.A 1988 1987 1989 The 1988 Tour de France was the 75th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 4 to 24 July. It consisted of 22 stages over 3286 km 0 on. The race was won by Pedro Delgado with the top three positions at the end of the race being occupied by specialist climbers. This Tour was nearly 1,000 km shorter than the previous few editions, which were over 4,000 km, but by no means easier as it included five consecutive mountain stages including a mountain time trial. The points classification was won by Eddy Planckaert, while Steven Rooks won the mountains classification and the combination classification. The young rider classification was won by Erik Breukink, and Frans Maassen won the intermediate sprints classification. Both team classifications were won by the PDM team. During the race, Delgado failed a doping test, but because the product was not yet on the doping list from the Union Cycliste International, he was not penalised. Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1988 Tour de France The UCI had also introduced a rule that limited the number of cyclists in a race to 200. In 1987, the Tour had started with 207 cyclists, so because of this rule, the number of teams in the 1988 Tour was reduced from 23 to 22, of 9 riders, a total of 198. 22 teams were announced two weeks before the Tour.http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010611293%3Ampeg21%3Ap023%3Aa0334 TVM-ploeg derde reserve Tour nl Koninklijke Bibliotheek Limburgsch Dagblad 16 June 1988 23 28 December 2013 30 December 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232938/http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010611293%3Ampeg21%3Ap023%3Aa0334 dead The Tour organisation named three reserve teams, in case one of the 22 teams was unable to start: Postobón–Ryalcao, Roland–Colnago and TVM 1988. Of the 198 cyclists starting the race, 42 were riding the Tour de France for the first time.Tour de France 1988 – Debutants https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1988/gc/startlist/debutants ProCyclingStats 24 March 2020 The average age of riders in the race was 27.56 years,Tour de France 1988 – Peloton averages https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1988/gc/startlist/general-peloton-averages ProCyclingStats 24 March 2020 ranging from the 21-year-old Jean-Claude Colotti (RMO 1988) to the 39-year-old Hennie Kuiper (Sigma 1988).Tour de France 1988 – Youngest competitors https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1988/gc/startlist/youngest-competitors ProCyclingStats 24 March 2020 The Artiach 1988 cyclists had the youngest average age while the riders on AD Renting 1988b had the oldest.Tour de France 1988 – Average team age https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1988/gc/startlist/average-team-age ProCyclingStats 24 March 2020 The teams entering the race were:The history of the Tour de France – Year 1988 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1988/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403105612/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1988/partants.html dead 20em MOT 1988 AD Renting 1988b BH 1988 CAF 1988 Artiach 1988 CAR 1988 Chateau d'Ax 1988 Fagor2 1988 Hitachi 1988 KAS 1988 KEL 1988 PSC 1988 PDM 1988 MOV 1988 RMO 1988 Sigma 1988 RAB 1988 SUG 1988 Teka 1988 LVC 1988 HEL 1988 C.A 1988 Pre-race favourites The winner of the 1987 Tour de France, Stephen Roche, was unable to defend his title as he was coming back from knee surgeries. The winner from 1986, Greg LeMond, had still not fully recovered from the hunting accident that caused him to miss the 1987 Tour, and did not start this Tour.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Remaining favourites were Pedro Delgado, who had finished in second place in 1987, and Andrew Hampsten, the winner of the 1988 Giro d'Italia, several weeks before the Tour.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Route and stages The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) introduced the rule that a cycling race could not span three weekends. The Tour de France could only start on Monday 4 July, and therefore the usual prologue was removed. The Tour organisers, who were not happy with this restriction, lately had the idea to add to the Tour an unofficial short time trial on sunday 3 July called 'prelude' or 'preface'. Each team would ride for 3.8 km mi, and one cyclist per team would then finish one kilometre on his own. Of course, the recorded times of the 'preface' were not used for the Tour, but the cyclist with the fastest time would wear the yellow jersey at the start of the Tour de France (first stage).http://www.sportgeschiedenis.nl/2011/06/30/een-merkwaardige-tourstart.aspx Een merkwaardige tourstart nl Sportgeschiedenis Ronnie Van den Bogaart 10 February 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20111129060850/http://www.sportgeschiedenis.nl/2011/06/30/een-merkwaardige-tourstart.aspx 29 November 2011 dead The total length of this Tour was 3286 km mi, which was the shortest since 1906.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Since 1910, Belgian cyclists had won at least one stage in every Tour, but in 1988 they did not win any stages.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 There was one rest day, during which the cyclists were transferred from Villard-de-Lans to Blagnac.Augendre 2016 79 The highest point of elevation in the race was 2115 m ft on at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet mountain pass on stage 15.Augendre 2016 188Herrie om voorspel op zondag Noise for foreplay on Sunday https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010962902:mpeg21:p020 Het Vrije Volk 2 July 1988 20 nl Delpher + Stage characteristics and winners75ème Tour de France 1988 75th Tour de France 1988 http://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf/tdf1988.php Mémoire du cyclisme 6 April 2020 frAugendre 2016 79http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1988 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCCBike.com 26 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 liveThe history of the Tour de France – Year 1988 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1988/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403005347/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1988/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner P 3 July Pornichet to La Baule 3.8 km on 20px|alt=|link= Team/Individual time trial Guido Bontempi ITA 1 4 July Pontchâteau to Machecoul 92 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Steve Bauer CAN 2 4 July La Haie-Fouassière to Ancenis 48 km on alt=|link=Team time trial|20px Team time trial NED PSC 1988 3 5 July Nantes to Le Mans 213 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean-Paul van Poppel NED 4 6 July Le Mans to Évreux 158 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Acácio da Silva POR 5 7 July Neufchâtel-en-Bray to Liévin 148 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jelle Nijdam NED 6 8 July Liévin to Wasquehal 52 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Sean Yates GBR 7 9 July Wasquehal to Reims 225 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Valerio Tebaldi ITA 810 July Reims to Nancy 219 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rolf Gölz FRG 911 July Nancy to Strasbourg 161 km on 20px|alt=|link= Hilly stage Jérôme Simon FRA 1012 July Belfort to Besançon 149 km on 20px|alt=|link= Hilly stage Jean-Paul van Poppel NED 1113 July Besançon to Morzine 232 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Fabio Parra COL 1214 July Morzine to Alpe d'Huez 227 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Steven Rooks NED 1315 July Grenoble to Villard-de-Lans 38 km on 20px|alt=|link= Mountain time trial Pedro Delgado ESP 16 July Blagnac Rest day1417 July Blagnac to Guzet-Neige 163 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Massimo Ghirotto ITA 1518 July Saint-Girons to Luz Ardiden 187 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Laudelino Cubino ESP 1619 July Tarbes to Pau 35 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Adri van der Poel NED 1719 July Pau to Bordeaux 198 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean-Paul van Poppel NED 1820 July Ruelle-sur-Touvre to Limoges 94 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Gianni Bugno ITA 1921 July Limoges to Puy-de-Dôme 188 km on 20px|alt=|link= Hilly stage Johnny Weltz DEN 2022 July Clermont-Ferrand to Chalon-sur-Saône 223 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Thierry Marie FRA 2123 July Santenay 46 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Juan Martinéz ESP 2224 July Nemours to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 173 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean-Paul van Poppel NED Total 3286 km 0 onAugendre 2016 110 Race overview 1988 Tour de France, Prelude to Stage 11 1988 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22 thumb|Pedro Delgado (pictured at the 1993 Tour), winner of the general classification The prelude before the official start was won by Guido Bontempi, and the first real stage was won by Steve Bauer. Bauer lost the lead in the next stage, a Team Time Trial, to Teun van Vliet.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 The favourites for the overall victory did not lose time in the first stages. The individual time trial of stage six did not change that, although some outsiders (Sean Kelly and Laurent Fignon) lost two minutes.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 In the eleventh stage, in hilly conditions, the first serious attacks were seen. Most contenders were able to stay in the main group, but Laurent Fignon and Jean-François Bernard lost a lot of time and were no longer seen as contenders.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 The twelfth stage included higher climbs. Delgado escaped on the climb of the Glandon, and he was joined by Steven Rooks. On the descent, they were joined by Gert-Jan Theunisse and Fabio Parra; the other cyclists were unable to get to them. Close to the finish, Rooks escaped and won the stage, and Delgado became the new leader of the general classification.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Delgado won the next stage, an uphill individual time trial, and solidified his lead.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 In the fourteenth stage, the favourites stayed together, and other cyclists were allowed to go for the stage victory. Philippe Bouvatier and Robert Millar,Robert Millar who had led over the previous two cols, were in the uphill sprint to win, until Bouvatier allowed himself to be misdirected by a gendarme 200 metres before the finish (at the point where the team cars were separated from the cyclists)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNXJooNMIls https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/fNXJooNMIls 2021-12-21 live Tour de Francia 1988 - Etapa 14 (Guzet Neige) Reliquias del Ciclismo 30 April 2013 YouTube followed by Millar, and the victory went to Massimo Ghirotto. Ghirotto offered his prize (a new car) to BouvatierMcGann McGann 2008 178–184 though Millar maintained he would have overhauled Bouvatier to winRobert Millar#1988 and told CyclingNews in 2010 that "I don't know if the gendarme was to blame, I don't think he was, I know I would have come round Bouvatier in the sprint but then I ought to have dropped him before we got to that stage".Farrand Stephen http://www.cyclingnews.com/features/cn-exclusive-robert-millar-talks-about-the-tour-the-tourmalet-and-team-sky/ CN Exclusive: Robert Millar talks about the Tour, the Tourmalet and Team Sky Cyclingnews.com 9 September 2016 22 July 2010 In the fifteenth stage, Delgado increased his lead. He let Laudelino Cubino get away and claim the victory, because Cubino was no threat for the general classification, and finished in third place, gaining time on all his direct competitors.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Delgado further increased his lead in the nineteenth stage, by leaving the other cyclists behind him on the final climb of the day.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Delgado was aiming to win the twenty-first stage, an individual time trial, and was leading at all the intermediate check points, but lost time in the final part of the stage, finishing in fourth place. This was more than enough to secure the overall victory.McGann McGann 2008 178–184 Doping During the race, it was announced that doping tests of Pedro Delgado and Gert-Jan Theunisse indicated they had used doping products. In Delgado's case, it was probenecid. Probenecid was a doping product according to the International Olympic Committee not yet on the doping list of the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), so Delgado was not sanctioned, and he remained the winner of the Tour.Augendre 2016 79 Tour director Louy tried to convince Delgado to leave the race voluntarily, but Delgado refused.http://www.standaard.be/artikel/detail.aspx?artikelid=GH17F8T1 Kuitenbijter, Spelregels nl De Standaard Rik Vanwalleghem 17 July 2004 10 February 2012 Delgado admits that he took probenecid, but with the intention to assist the kidneys, not to mask anabolic steroids.http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/pedro-delgado-turns-50-and-reflects-on-his-career Pedro Delgado turns 50 and reflects on his career 15 April 2010 30 March 2013 Cycling News Theunisse was found to have a high testosterone-level, which was on the UCI doping list. Theunisse received a penalty of ten minutes, which dropped him from fifth place to eleventh place in the general classification.http://www.velonation.com/News/ID/10807/Theunisse-takes-on-coaching-role-at-Rusvelo.aspx Theunisse takes on coaching role at RusVelo VeloNation 5 January 2012 10 February 2012 One other cyclist was penalised during this Tour: Spanish cyclist Roque de la Cruz failed a doping test after the sixth stage, and was given the same penalty as Theunisse.https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19880721&id=jA01AAAAIBAJ&sjid=nqULAAAAIBAJ&pg=3602,5302448 Delgado drugs shock Glasgow Herald 21 July 1988 30 March 2013 In 2013, a notebook from the team doctor of the PDM team showed that all but one of the PDM cyclist were given doping in the 1988 Tour de France.http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/report-seven-out-of-eight-pdm-riders-doped-at-1988-tour-de-france Seven out of eight PDM riders doped at 1988 Tour de France Cyclingnews 23 January 2013 30 March 2013 The owners of the Tour de France thought that director Louy had handled the Delgado affair in the wrong way, and they fired him later that year. They appointed Jean-Marie Leblanc as his replacement. Classification leadership and minor prizes thumb|upright|Pedro Delgado's yellow jersey of the 1988 Tour There were several classifications in the 1988 Tour de France, six of them awarding jerseys to their leaders.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–455 The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–453 Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists were given points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 453–454 There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 There was also a combination classification. This classification was calculated as a combination of the other classifications, its leader wore the combination jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454–455 Another classification was the intermediate sprints classification. This classification had similar rules as the points classification, but only points were awarded on intermediate sprints. Its leader wore a red jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 The sixth individual classification was the young rider classification. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 25 years were eligible, and the leader wore a white jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454–455 For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The riders in the team that led this classification were identified by yellow caps.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 For the last time, there was also a team points classification. Cyclists received points according to their finishing position on each stage, with the first rider receiving one point. The first three finishers of each team had their points combined, and the team with the fewest points led the classification. The riders of the team leading this classification wore green caps.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification.van den Akker 2018 211–216 Jérôme Simon won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award.Augendre 2016 79 The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Tourmalet on stage 15. This prize was won by Laudelino Cubino.Koersverloop Price trend https://www.dekrantvantoen.nl/vw/article.do?id=LC-19880719-9005 Leeuwarder Courant 19 July 1988 9 nl De Krant van Toen + Classification leadership tablehttp://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19880725&id=GVA-19880725-01017010 1986 Tour de France results nl Gazet van Antwerpen 25 July 1988 17 https://web.archive.org/web/20190214190639/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19880725&id=GVA-19880725-01017010 14 February 2019 liveMartin 1988 122–123van den Akker Pieter Informatie over de Tour de France van 1988 Information about the Tour de France from 1988 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1988 https://web.archive.org/web/20190302051106/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1988 2 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 2 March 2019 live Stage Stage winner General classification25px|alt=|link= Points classification25px|alt=|link= Mountains classification25px|alt=|link= Young rider classification25px|alt=|link= Combination classification25px|alt=|link= Intermediate sprints classification25px|alt=|link= Team classifications Combativity award By time By points P Guido Bontempiprelude The prelude was an unofficial race, but the winner Bontempi received a yellow jersey, and second-placed Peter Stevenhaagen received the green jersey, to wear at the start of the Tour de France.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=KBDDD02:000199768:mpeg21:a0012 Groene trui voor Peter Stevenhaagen 4 July 1988 nl Green jersey for Peter Stevenhaagen Delpher De Telegraaf 28 September 2017 no awardprelude no awardprelude no award no award no award no award no award no award no award 1 Steve Bauer Steve Bauer Steve Bauer Nico Verhoeven Wiebren Veenstra Nico Verhoeven Søren Lilholt HEL 1988 Hitachi 1988 Søren Lilholt 2 Panasonic 1988 Teun van Vliet Erik Breukink Teun van Vliet Teun van Vliet PSC 1988 no award 3 Jean-Paul van Poppel Eric Vanderaerden Roger Ilegems 4 Acácio da Silva Eddy Planckaert Bruno Cornillet Frans Maassen Stefano Giuliani 5 Jelle Nijdam Henk Lubberding Frans Maassen PDM 1988 Jérôme Simon 6 Sean Yates Jelle Nijdam Eric Vanderaerden RAB 1988 no award 7 Valerio Tebaldi Philippe Casado PSC 1988 Michel Vermote 8 Rolf Gölz Steve Bauer Michel Vermote 9 Jérôme Simon Jérôme Simon Frédéric Vichot HEL 1988 Federico Echave 10techni In stage 10, 11 and 12, Steven Rooks wore the technicolour jersey. Jean-Paul van Poppel Patrice Esnault 11techni Fabio Parra Pascal Simon Ludo Peeters 12techni Steven Rooks Pedro Delgado Steven Rooks Raúl Alcalá Steven Rooks Eddy Planckaert PDM 1988 Pedro Delgado 13 Pedro Delgado no award 14 Massimo Ghirotto Philippe Bouvatier 15 Laudelino Cubino Erik Breukink Laudelino Cubino 16 Adri van der Poel Adri van der Poel 17 Jean-Paul van Poppel Frans Maassen Jean-Paul van Poppel 18 Gianni Bugno Gianni Bugno 19 Johnny Weltz Johnny Weltz 20 Thierry Marie Dag Otto Lauritzen 21 Juan Martinéz no award 22 Jean-Paul van Poppel no award Final Pedro Delgado Eddy Planckaert white Steven Rooks yes Erik Breukink Steven Rooks white Frans Maassen yes PDM 1988 PDM 1988 Jérôme Simon Final standings Legend 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Denotes the winner of the young rider classification 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. Denotes the winner of the combination classification 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. Denotes the winner of the intermediate sprints classification General classification + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1988 – Stage 22 Nemours > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1988/2200/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402222232/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1988/2200/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Time 1 Pedro Delgado ESP 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. MOV 1988 84h 27' 53" 2 Steven Rooks NED 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey with red polka dots. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. PDM 1988 + 7' 13" 3 Fabio Parra COL KEL 1988 + 9' 58" 4 Steve Bauer CAN HEL 1988 + 12' 15" 5 Éric Boyer FRA SUG 1988 + 14' 04" 6 Luis Herrera COL CAF 1988 + 14' 36" 7 Ronan Pensec FRA C.A 1988 + 16' 52" 8 Álvaro Pino ESP BH 1988 + 18' 36" 9 Peter Winnen NED PSC 1988 + 19' 12" 10 Denis Roux FRA C.A 1988 + 20' 08" Final general classification (11–151) Rank Rider Team Time 11 Gert-Jan Theunisse NED PDM 1988 + 22' 46" 12 Erik Breukink NED 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. PSC 1988 + 23' 06" 13 Laudelino Cubino ESP BH 1988 + 23' 46" 14 Claude Criquielion BEL Hitachi 1988 + 24' 32" 15 Andrew Hampsten USA MOT 1988 + 26' 00" 16 Marino Lejarreta ESP Artiach 1988 + 26' 36" 17 Pascal Simon FRA SUG 1988 + 28' 39" 18 Éric Caritoux FRA KAS 1988 + 29' 04" 19 Jérôme Simon FRA C.A 1988 + 30' 55" 20 Raúl Alcalá MEX MOT 1988 + 31' 14" 21 Gerhard Zadrobilek AUT HEL 1988 + 32' 09" 22 Roberto Visentini ITA CAR 1988 + 33' 23" 23 Thierry Claveyrolat FRA RMO 1988 + 37' 49" 24 Jaanus Kuum NOR AD Renting 1988b + 38' 53" 25 Federico Echave ESP BH 1988 + 39' 17" 26 Jørgen V. Pedersen DEN BH 1988 + 39' 24" 27 Jörg Müller SUI PDM 1988 + 40' 53" 28 Frédéric Vichot FRA HEL 1988 + 42' 00" 29 Peter Stevenhaagen NED PDM 1988 + 45' 27" 30 Eduardo Chozas ESP KEL 1988 + 45' 45" 31 Samuel Cabrera COL CAF 1988 + 46' 06" 32 Philippe Bouvatier FRA BH 1988 + 48' 14" 33 Marc Sergeant BEL Hitachi 1988 + 49' 24" 34 Dag Otto Lauritzen NOR MOT 1988 + 50' 08" 35 Jesus Blanco ESP Teka 1988 + 55' 28" 36 Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle FRA C.A 1988 + 57' 21" 37 Jean-Philippe Vandenbrande BEL Hitachi 1988 + 57' 57" 38 Guy Nulens BEL PSC 1988 + 59' 13" 39 Jean-Claude Bagot FRA Fagor2 1988 + 59' 47" 40 Charly Berard FRA Fagor2 1988 + 1h 00' 08" 41 Edgar Corredor COL CAF 1988 + 1h 01' 20" 42 Julio-César Cadena COL CAF 1988 + 1h 01' 28" 43 Niki Rüttimann SUI HEL 1988 + 1h 01' 43" 44 Henrie Abadie FRA C.A 1988 + 1h 01' 59" 45 Gerard Veldscholten NED HEL 1988 + 1h 02' 32" 46 Sean Kelly IRE KAS 1988 + 1h 02' 54" 47 Miguel Induráin ESP MOV 1988 + 1h 03' 15" 48 Dominique Arnaud FRA MOV 1988 + 1h 07' 31" 49 Israel Corredor COL CAF 1988 + 1h 07' 50" 50 Michael Wilson AUS HEL 1988 + 1h 09' 31" 51 José Patrocinio Jiménez COL CAF 1988 + 1h 09' 55" 52 Jesús Rodríguez ESP MOV 1988 + 1h 11' 17" 53 Jon Unzaga ESP KAS 1988 + 1h 12' 17" 54 Johnny Weltz DEN Fagor2 1988 + 1h 12' 49" 55 Jean-Claude Colotti FRA RMO 1988 + 1h 15' 00" 56 Jos Haex BEL Hitachi 1988 + 1h 15' 16" 57 Mariano Sánchez Martinez ESP Teka 1988 + 1h 16' 06" 58 Jean-Claude Leclercq FRA HEL 1988 + 1h 17' 21" 59 Sean Yates GBR Fagor2 1988 + 1h 17' 25" 60 Julián Gorospe ESP MOV 1988 + 1h 17' 33" 61 Jan Nevens BEL Sigma 1988 + 1h 18' 11" 62 Gianni Bugno ITA Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 1h 19' 09" 63 Jokin Mújika ESP Artiach 1988 + 1h 19' 15" 64 Enrique Aja ESP Teka 1988 + 1h 19' 52" 65 Philippe Leleu FRA LVC 1988 + 1h 21' 51" 66 Marc Madiot FRA LVC 1988 + 1h 22' 34" 67 Christophe Lavainne FRA SUG 1988 + 1h 22' 34" 68 Toni Rominger SUI Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 1h 23' 41" 69 Ron Kiefel USA MOT 1988 + 1h 23' 58" 70 Roland Le Clerc FRA Artiach 1988 + 1h 25' 17" 71 Martial Gayant FRA LVC 1988 + 1h 25' 30" 72 Jacques Decrion FRA SUG 1988 + 1h 26' 44" 73 Marco Antonio León COL CAF 1988 + 1h 26' 58" 74 Eric Van Lancker BEL PSC 1988 + 1h 28' 37" 75 Vicente Belda ESP KEL 1988 + 1h 29' 29" 76 Marc van Orsouw NED PDM 1988 + 1h 30' 36" 77 Bruno Leali ITA CAR 1988 + 1h 30' 50" 78 Patrice Esnault FRA RMO 1988 + 1h 30' 59" 79 Alessandro Pozzi ITA Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 1h 32' 19" 80 Dirk De Wolf BEL Hitachi 1988 + 1h 33' 25" 81 Frédéric Brun FRA C.A 1988 + 1h 33' 32" 82 Luis Javier Lukin ESP MOV 1988 + 1h 34' 00" 83 Raimund Dietzen FRG Teka 1988 + 1h 34' 25" 84 Adri van der Poel NED PDM 1988 + 1h 34' 43" 85 Massimo Ghirotto ITA CAR 1988 + 1h 35' 02" 86 Ennio Vanotti ITA Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 1h 36' 03" 87 Rudy Dhaenens BEL PDM 1988 + 1h 36' 16" 88 Michel Bibollet FRA RMO 1988 + 1h 38' 14" 89 Ludo Peeters BEL RAB 1988 + 1h 42' 47" 90 Malcolm Elliott GBR Fagor2 1988 + 1h 44' 27" 91 Rolf Gölz FRG RAB 1988 + 1h 44' 47" 92 Acácio da Silva POR KAS 1988 + 1h 45' 26" 93 Dominique Garde FRA SUG 1988 + 1h 46' 44" 94 Régis Clère FRA Teka 1988 + 1h 47' 13" 95 Hennie Kuiper NED Sigma 1988 + 1h 49' 37" 96 Jan Wijnants BEL Hitachi 1988 + 1h 49' 56" 97 Arsenio Gonzalez ESP Teka 1988 + 1h 50' 13" 98 Thierry Marie FRA SUG 1988 + 1h 51' 11" 99 Søren Lilholt DEN Sigma 1988 + 1h 51' 58" 100 Dante Rezze FRA RMO 1988 + 1h 53' 03" 101 Stefan Morjean BEL Hitachi 1988 + 1h 54' 56" 102 Alfons De Wolf BEL AD Renting 1988b + 1h 55' 56" 103 Etienne De Wilde BEL Sigma 1988 + 1h 57' 17" 104 Roque de la Cruz ESP Artiach 1988 + 1h 57' 52" 105 Davis Phinney USA MOT 1988 + 1h 58' 08" 106 Guido Bontempi ITA CAR 1988 + 1h 59' 07" 107 Vicente-Juan Ridaura ESP Artiach 1988 + 2h 01' 31" 108 Frédéric Garnier FRA LVC 1988 + 2h 02' 52" 109 Marco Bergamo ITA CAR 1988 + 2h 05' 43" 110 Andreas Kappes FRG LVC 1988 + 2h 06' 02" 111 José Salvador Sanchis ESP Artiach 1988 + 2h 07' 00" 112 Iñaki Gastón ESP KEL 1988 + 2h 07' 49" 113 Jens Veggerby DEN MOT 1988 + 2h 09' 27" 114 Javier Murguialday ESP BH 1988 + 2h 09' 32" 115 Eddy Planckaert BEL 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. AD Renting 1988b + 2h 09' 34" 116 Angel Camarillo ESP Teka 1988 + 2h 10' 29" 117 Celestino Prieto ESP KAS 1988 + 2h 11' 16" 118 Herminio Diaz ESP MOV 1988 + 2h 11' 42" 119 Jacques Hanegraaf NED LVC 1988 + 2h 12' 11" 120 Joël Pelier FRA SUG 1988 + 2h 13' 28" 121 Francisco-José Antequera ESP BH 1988 + 2h 13' 55" 122 Jelle Nijdam NED RAB 1988 + 2h 15' 59" 123 Régis Simon FRA RMO 1988 + 2h 18' 18" 124 Frank Hoste BEL AD Renting 1988b + 2h 18' 50" 125 Alfred Achermann SUI KAS 1988 + 2h 19' 26" 126 Frans Maassen NED 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. RAB 1988 + 2h 19' 43" 127 Twan Poels NED RAB 1988 + 2h 20' 02" 128 Manuel Jorge Domínguez ESP BH 1988 + 2h 20' 59" 129 Philippe Casado FRA C.A 1988 + 2h 21' 31" 130 Johan Lammerts NED LVC 1988 + 2h 23' 17" 131 René Martens BEL AD Renting 1988b + 2h 24' 52" 132 Gerrit Solleveld NED RAB 1988 + 2h 26' 56" 133 Michel Vermote BEL RMO 1988 + 2h 27' 00" 134 Juan Martinéz ESP KEL 1988 + 2h 27' 44" 135 Andy Bishop USA PDM 1988 + 2h 29' 00" 136 Erich Mächler SUI CAR 1988 + 2h 29' 37" 137 Rik Van Slycke BEL Sigma 1988 + 2h 33' 03" 138 Jean-Paul van Poppel NED RAB 1988 + 2h 35' 09" 139 Milan Jurco TCH Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 2h 35' 45" 140 Hartmut Bölts FRG RMO 1988 + 2h 36' 26" 141 Walter Magnago ITA CAR 1988 + 2h 37' 52" 142 Stefano Zanatta ITA Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 2h 38' 23" 143 Nico Verhoeven NED RAB 1988 + 2h 42' 20" 144 Nathan Dahlberg NZL MOT 1988 + 2h 42' 46" 145 Gert Jakobs NED RAB 1988 + 2h 45' 28" 146 Marco Tabai ITA CAR 1988 + 2h 46' 16" 147 Mathieu Hermans NED Artiach 1988 + 2h 48' 53" 148 Jean-Pierre Heynderickx BEL Sigma 1988 + 2h 54' 07" 149 Dirk Demol BEL AD Renting 1988b + 2h 55' 18" 150 John Talen NED PSC 1988 + 3h 05' 02" 151 Dirk Wayenberg BEL AD Renting 1988b + 3h 28' 41" Points classification +Final points classification (1–10)Uitslagen en eindklassementen Tour de France Results and final classifications of the Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010832691:mpeg21:p012 Het Parool 25 July 1988 12 nl Delpherhttp://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1988/07/25/MD19880725-010.pdf Clasificaciones oficiales 25 July 1988 10 es Mundo Deportivo https://web.archive.org/web/20191006192521/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1988/07/25/MD19880725-010.pdf 6 October 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points 1 Eddy Planckaert BEL 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. AD Renting 1988b 278 2 Davis Phinney USA MOT 1988 193 3 Sean Kelly IRE KAS 1988 183 4 Steven Rooks NED 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey with red polka dots. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. PDM 1988 154 5 Mathieu Hermans NED Artiach 1988 153 6 Jean-Paul van Poppel NED RAB 1988 141 7 Etienne De Wilde BEL Sigma 1988 133 8 Adri van der Poel NED PDM 1988 132 9 Manuel Jorge Domínguez ESP BH 1988 114 10 Steve Bauer CAN HEL 1988 108 Mountains classification +Final mountains classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Points 1 Steven Rooks NED 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey with red polka dots. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. PDM 1988 326 2 Gert-Jan Theunisse NED PDM 1988 248 3 Pedro Delgado ESP 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. MOV 1988 223 4 Ronan Pensec FRA C.A 1988 130 5 Jérôme Simon FRA C.A 1988 127 6 Fabio Parra COL KEL 1988 123 7 Laudelino Cubino ESP BH 1988 101 8 Álvaro Pino ESP BH 1988 98 9 Samuel Cabrera COL CAF 1988 82 10 Luis Herrera COL CAF 1988 80 Young rider classification +Final young rider classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Time 1 Erik Breukink NED 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. PSC 1988 84h 50' 59" 2 Raúl Alcalá MEX MOT 1988 + 8' 08" 3 Jaanus Kuum NOR AD Renting 1988b + 15' 47" 4 Peter Stevenhaagen NED PDM 1988 + 22' 21" 5 Philippe Bouvatier FRA BH 1988 + 25' 08" 6 Miguel Induráin ESP MOV 1988 + 40' 09" 7 Gianni Bugno ITA Chateau d'Ax 1988 + 56' 03" 8 Marc van Orsouw NED PDM 1988 + 1h 07' 30" 9 Søren Lilholt DEN Sigma 1988 + 1h 28' 52" 10 Jean-Claude Leclercq FRA HEL 1988 + 1h 34' 46" Combination classification +Final combination classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Points 1 Steven Rooks NED 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey with red polka dots. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. PDM 1988 84 2 Gert-Jan Theunisse NED PDM 1988 70 3 Pedro Delgado ESP 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. MOV 1988 63 4 Eddy Planckaert BEL 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. AD Renting 1988b 49 5 Jérôme Simon FRA C.A 1988 47 6 Steve Bauer CAN HEL 1988 47 7 Éric Boyer FRA SUG 1988 38 8 Frans Maassen NED 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. RAB 1988 37 9 Johnny Weltz DEN Fagor2 1988 30 10 Frédéric Vichot FRA HEL 1988 22 Intermediate sprints classification +Final intermediate sprints classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Points 1 Frans Maassen NED 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. RAB 1988 276 2 Eddy Planckaert BEL 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. AD Renting 1988b 214 3 Johnny Weltz DEN Fagor2 1988 64 4 Davis Phinney USA MOT 1988 55 5 Gert-Jan Theunisse NED PDM 1988 50 6 Ludo Peeters BEL RAB 1988 35 7 Jérôme Simon FRA C.A 1988 32 8 Dag Otto Lauritzen NOR MOT 1988 30 9 Martial Gayant FRA LVC 1988 30 10 Bruno Leali ITA CAR 1988 30 Team classification +Final team classification (1–10) Rank Team Time1PDM 1988 253h 57' 58"2BH 1988 + 12' 32"3C.A 1988 + 14' 43"4HEL 1988 + 31' 23"5SUG 1988 + 32' 43"6RAB 1988 + 37' 49"7CAF 1988 + 44' 31"8PSC 1988 + 58' 56"9MOT 1988 + 1h 03' 56"10Hitachi 1988 + 1h 25 28" Team points classification +Final team points classification (1–10) Rank Team Points1PDM 1988 10282MOT 1988 17133HEL 1988 17374SUG 1988 17875C.A 1988 17896Hitachi 1988 20657BH 1988 21978KAS 1988 24049Fagor2 1988 248210PSC 1988 2526 Combativity classification +Final combativity classification (1–5)Tour in cijfers Tour in numbers https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=KBDDD02:000199809:mpeg21:p012 De Telegraaf 25 July 1988 12 nl Delpher Rank Rider Team Points 1 Jérôme Simon FRA C.A 1988 38 2 Régis Clère FRA Teka 1988 30 3 Johnny Weltz DEN Fagor2 1988 30 4 Pedro Delgado ESP 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. MOV 1988 25 5 Rolf Gölz FRG RAB 1988 24 References 30em Bibliography Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live Martin Pierre With contributions from: Penazzo, Sergio; Baratino, Dante; Schamps, Daniel; Vos, Cor Tour 88: The 1988 Tour of Italy and Tour de France Kennedy Brothers Publishing Keighley, UK 1988 19669680 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1965–2007 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=V8mlwItBhhcC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2008 978-1-59858-608-4 Nauright John Parrish Charles Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC 2012 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-1-59884-300-2 van den Akker Pieter Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018 https://books.google.com/books?id=09sxwQEACAAJ 2018 Self-published 978-1-79398-080-9 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 186–187 9780007543991 872700415 Liggett Phil Phil Liggett Tour de France 1988 1988 Harrap Books and Channel 4 London 978-0-245-54727-0 External links 1988 Tour de France P 11 12 22 Category:1988 in road cycling Category:1988 in French sport 1988 Category:July 1988 sports events in Europe