1812–13 United States Senate elections

none March 2026 January 2025 1812–13 United States Senate elections United States 1795 legislative no 1810–11 United States Senate elections 1810 & 1811 1814–15 United States Senate elections 1814 & 1815 Class 3 1806–07 United States Senate elections 1806 & 1807 1818–19 United States Senate elections 1818 & 1819 12 of the 36 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 19 Dates vary by state 100px Seats up Democratic-Republican Party 27 seats 30 8 28 2 10 Federalist Party 7 seats 6 4 8 2 2 Majority Party Democratic-Republican Party Democratic-Republican Party File:1812senatemap.svg Results:#f2bfa6 Federalist hold #e27036 Federalist gain#bef3be Dem-Republican hold #008000 Dem-Republican gain#000000ff Legislature Failed To Elect The 1812–13 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President James Madison's re-election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1812 and 1813, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913) National Archives and Records Administration February 8, 2022 In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3. The Democratic-Republican Party lost two seats but still retained an overwhelming Senate majority. As in recent elections, the minority Federalist Party had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (6 out of 36, or 16.7%) that if they had won every one of the elections, they would still not have controlled a majority. Change in composition Before the elections Composition after September 1812 elections in the new state of Louisiana. DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18 Majority → DR19 DR28Pa. PennsylvaniaRetired DR27OhioRetired DR26N.C. North CarolinaRetired DR25Ky. KentuckyRetired DR24Md. MarylandUnknown DR23La. Louisiana (New state)Unknown DR22S.C. South CarolinaRan DR21N.Y. New YorkRan DR20Ga. GeorgiaRan DR29Vt. VermontRetired F7N.H. New HampshireRan F6Conn. ConnecticutRan F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 Result of the regular elections DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18 Majority → DR19 V1Md. MarylandDR Loss DR27S.C. South CarolinaRe-elected DR26Ga. GeorgiaRe-elected DR25Vt. VermontHold DR24Pa. PennsylvaniaHold DR23OhioHold DR22N.C. North CarolinaHold DR21La. LouisianaHold DR20Ky. KentuckyHold V2N.H. New HampshireF Loss F6N.Y. New YorkGain F5Conn. ConnecticutRe-elected F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 Key: DR# Democratic-Republican F# Federalist V# Vacant Race summaries Special elections during the 12th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1812 or before March 4, 1813; ordered by election date. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Louisiana(Class 2) None (new state) Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812.Inaugural senator elected September 3, 1812.Democratic-Republican gain. Democratic-Republican Party Jean Destréhan (Democratic-Republican) 21 Democratic-Republican Party Allan Magruder (Democratic-Republican) 21 Democratic-Republican PartyJames Brown (Democratic-Republican) 16 Democratic-Republican PartyEligius Fromentin (Democratic-Republican) 5 UnknownLivingston (Unknown) 3 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 22, 2018 Louisiana 1812 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1812 February 26, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200226131333/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1812 dead , citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). October 14, 1812. Louisiana(Class 3) None (new state) Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812.Inaugural senator elected September 3, 1812.Democratic-Republican gain. Louisiana(Class 2) Thomas Posey Democratic-Republican 1812 (appointed) Jean Destréhan had resigned October 1, 1812 without having qualified.Interim successor appointed October 8, 1812.Interim appointee lost election.New senator elected February 4, 1813 on the second ballot.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party James Brown (Democratic-Republican) 26 Democratic-Republican PartyThomas Posey (Democratic-Republican) 14 UnknownFulwar Skipwith (Unknown) Eliminated Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 22, 2018 Louisiana 1812 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 2 https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1812 February 26, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200226131333/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1812 dead , citing The Louisiana Gazette and New-Orleans Advertiser (New Orleans, LA). December 3, 1812. Races leading to the 13th Congress In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1813 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state. All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoralhistory Connecticut Chauncey Goodrich Federalist 1807 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1813. Federalist Party Chauncey Goodrich (Federalist) February 2020 Georgia Charles Tait Democratic-Republican 1809 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1813. Democratic-Republican Party Charles Tait (Democratic-Republican) February 2020 Kentucky John Pope Democratic-Republican 1806 Incumbent retired.New senator elected January 12, 1813 on the third ballot.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party Jesse Bledsoe (Democratic-Republican) 56 Democratic-Republican PartyStephen Ormsby (Democratic-Republican) 51 UnknownAnthony Butler (Unknown) Eliminated Democratic-Republican PartyIsham Talbot (Democratic-Republican) Eliminated Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 22, 2018 Kentucky 1813 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3 https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenateballot3.1813 July 16, 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190716121052/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenateballot3.1813 dead , citing Muskingum Messenger (Zanesville, OH). January 27, 1813. Louisiana Allan B. Magruder Democratic-Republican 1812 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.New senator elected in 1813.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party Eligius Fromentin (Democratic-Republican) 25 Democratic-Republican PartyThomas Posey (Democratic-Republican) 13 UnknownRichard Butler (Unknown) 6 Blank Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Louisiana 1813 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1813 March 2, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200302003347/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1813 dead , citing Courrier de la Louisiane (New Orleans, LA). January 22, 1813. Maryland Philip Reed Democratic-Republican 1806 (special)1806 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.Legislature failed to elect.Democratic-Republican loss. February 2020 New Hampshire Charles Cutts Federalist 1810 (special) Incumbent lost re-election.Legislature failed to elect after 12 ballots.Federalist loss. Democratic-Republican PartyJedediah Kilburn Smith (Democratic-Republican) 89 UnknownJohn Goddard (Unknown) 83 Federalist PartyCharles Cutts (Federalist) 3 Democratic-Republican PartyDavid L. Morril (Democratic-Republican) 1 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 New Hampshire 1812 U.S. Senate, Ballot 12 https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenate.12.1812 March 12, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200312063018/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenate.12.1812 dead , citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). December 29, 1812. New York John Smith Democratic-Republican 1804 (special)1807 Incumbent lost re-election.New senator elected February 2, 1813.Federalist gain. Federalist Party Rufus King (Federalist) 51.5% Democratic-Republican PartyJames W. Wilkin (Democratic-Republican) 46.2% Democratic-Republican PartyJohn Smith (Democratic-Republican) 2.3%http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=392204 Our Campaigns NY US Senate August 8, 2012 February 23, 2015 North Carolina Jesse Franklin Democratic-Republican 17991804 (lost)1806 Incumbent retired.New senator elected in 1812.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party David Stone (Democratic-Republican) 100 Democratic-Republican PartyArchibald Murphey (Democratic-Republican) 83 Democratic-Republican PartyThomas Davis (Democratic-Republican) 12 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 North Carolina 1812 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator.1812 August 25, 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190825144427/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator.1812 dead , citing The Star (Raleigh, NC). December 11, 1812. Ohio Alexander Campbell Democratic-Republican 1809 (special) Incumbent retired.New senator elected February 6, 1813.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party Jeremiah Morrow (Democratic-Republican) 63 UnknownCalvin Pease (Unknown) 18Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents 98 Taylor William A. 1900 The XX. Century Publishing Co. Columbus, Ohio Taylor https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLITAAAAYAAJ Google Books Pennsylvania Andrew Gregg Democratic-Republican 1806 Incumbent retired.New senator elected December 8, 1812.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party Abner Lacock (Democratic-Republican) 63 Democratic-Republican PartyDaniel Montgomery Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 26 Independent (US)James Brady (Independent) 22 Democratic-Republican PartyIsaac Weaver Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 6 Not voting 5 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Pennsylvania 1812 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:pa.ussenate.1812 September 21, 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190921022244/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:pa.ussenate.1812 dead , citing Journal of the Pennsylvania State Senate, 1812. 41–43. South Carolina John Gaillard Democratic-Republican 1804 (special)1806 Incumbent re-elected in late 1812. Democratic-Republican Party John Gaillard (Democratic-Republican) 118 Democratic-Republican PartyHenry Middleton (Democratic-Republican) 37 UnknownJames Gowdy (Unknown) 1 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 South Carolina 1812 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:sc.ussenate.1812 March 11, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200311074437/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:sc.ussenate.1812 dead , citing City Gazette and Commercial Advertiser (Charleston, SC). December 10, 1812. Vermont Stephen R. Bradley Democratic-Republican 17911795 (lost)1801 (special)1806 Incumbent retired.New senator elected October 21, 1812.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party Dudley Chase (Democratic-Republican) Democratic-Republican PartyRoyall Tyler (Democratic-Republican) 94 Scattering 4 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Vermont 1812 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:vt.ussenate.1812 March 2, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200302064310/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:vt.ussenate.1812 dead , citing Columbian Phenix: or, Providence Patriot (Providence, RI). October 31, 1812. Special elections during the 13th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1813 after March 4; ordered by election date. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Massachusetts(Class 1) James Lloyd Federalist 1808 (special)1808 Resigned May 1, 1813.New senator elected May 5, 1813.Federalist hold. Federalist Party Christopher Gore (Federalist) 381 Democratic-Republican PartyWilliam King (Democratic-Republican) 10 Scattering 102 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Massachusetts 1813 U.S. Senate, Special https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.1813 March 3, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200303094748/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.1813 dead , citing The Virginia Patriot (Richmond, VA). June 11, 1813. Connecticut(Class 3) Chauncey Goodrich Federalist 1807 (special)1812 Incumbent resigned May 13, 1813 to become Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut.New senator elected May 13, 1813.Federalist hold. Federalist Party David Daggett (Federalist) February 2020 Maryland(Class 3) Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.New senator elected May 21, 1813.Federalist gain. Federalist Party Robert Henry Goldsborough (Federalist) 53 Democratic-Republican PartyEdward Lloyd (Democratic-Republican) 35 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Maryland 1813 U.S. Senate https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:md.us.senator.1813 March 10, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200310134939/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:md.us.senator.1813 dead , citing Republican Star or Eastern Shore General Advertiser (Easton, MD). May 25, 1813. Delaware(Class 2) James A. Bayard Federalist 1804 (special)18051811 Resigned March 3, 1813.New senator elected May 21, 1813.Federalist hold. Federalist Party William H. Wells (Federalist) 14 Democratic-Republican PartyGeorge Monro (Democratic-Republican) 10 Federalist PartyRichard Bassett (Federalist) 1 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Delaware 1813 U.S. Senate, Special https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1813 March 10, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200310144024/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1813 dead , citing Journal of the Delaware State Senate, 1813. 12. New Hampshire(Class 3) Charles Cutts Federalist 1810 (special)1813 (appointed) Interim appointee lost election.New senator elected June 10, 1813 on the second ballot.Federalist hold. Federalist Party Jeremiah Mason (Federalist) 129 Federalist PartyCharles Cutts (Federalist) 39 New HampshireJohn Goddard (Unknown) Eliminated Scattering 4 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 New Hampshire 1813 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator1b.1813 February 29, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200229024721/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator1b.1813 dead , citing Portsmouth Oracle (Portsmouth, NH). June 12, 1813. Georgia(Class 2) William Bulloch Democratic-Republican 1813 (appointed) Interim appointee retired or lost re-election.New senator elected November 6, 1813.Democratic-Republican hold. Democratic-Republican Party William W. Bibb (Democratic-Republican) 79 UnknownJ. Macintosh (Unknown) 39 Tufts University Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 February 23, 2018 Georgia 1813 U.S. Senate, Special https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ga.ussenate.special.1813 March 1, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200301195608/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ga.ussenate.special.1813 dead , citing Liberty Hall (Cincinnati, OH). December 14, 1813. Connecticut List of United States senators from Connecticut 1812 United States House of Representatives election in Connecticut Connecticut (regular) October 2019 Connecticut (special) October 2019 Delaware (special) List of United States senators from Delaware October 2019 Georgia List of United States senators from Georgia 1812 United States House of Representatives election in Georgia Georgia (regular) October 2019 Georgia (special) October 2019 Kentucky List of United States senators from Kentucky October 2019 Louisiana List of United States senators from Louisiana October 2019 Maryland List of United States senators from Maryland Maryland (regular) The Maryland legislature failed to elect a senator before the March 3, 1813, the beginning of the term. Robert Henry Goldsborough was appointed to fill the seat. Maryland (special) November 2022 1813 United States Senate special election in Maryland 47 F6D6C9 58.75% Federalist Robert Henry Goldsborough 35 AACC99 41.25% Democratic-Republican Edward Lloyd Edward Lloyd V.jpg 1819 1819 United States Senate elections in Maryland 1806 1806 United States Senate elections in Maryland 80 members of the Maryland General Assembly Legislative May 20, 1813 no presidential Robert H. Goldsborough won election over Edward Lloyd by a margin of 20.45%, or 18 votes, for the Class 3 seat.https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122871 Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - May 20, 1813 2022-11-05 www.ourcampaigns.com Massachusetts (special) List of United States senators from Massachusetts October 2019 New Hampshire List of United States senators from New Hampshire 1812 United States House of Representatives election in New Hampshire New Hampshire (regular) October 2019 New Hampshire (special) October 2019 New York 1813 United States Senate election in New York List of United States senators from New York October 2019 North Carolina List of United States senators from North Carolina October 2019 Ohio List of United States senators from Ohio October 2019 Pennsylvania List of United States senators from Pennsylvania October 2019 South Carolina List of United States senators from South Carolina October 2019 Vermont List of United States senators from Vermont October 2019 See also 1812 United States elections 1812–13 United States House of Representatives elections 1812 United States presidential election 12th United States Congress 13th United States Congress References External links Party Division in the Senate, 1789–Present, via Senate.gov