1694 Kaiser

Asteroid in the asteroid belt October 2019 yes 1694 Kaiser #D6D6D6 001694-asteroid shape model (1694) Kaiser.png Shape model of Kaiser from its lightcurve 29 September 1934 H. van Gent Johannesburg Obs.(Leiden Southern Station) (1694) Kaiser 1934 SB1960 SD Frederik Kaiser (astronomer) main-belt(inner) 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) 0 82.60 yr (30,168 days) 3.0137 AU 1.7759 AU 2.3948 AU 0.2584 3.71 yr (1,354 days) 125.25° 0.2659 ms / day 11.103° 13.421° 356.15° 13.84 1.27 km15.678 0.175 km28.42 km (calculated) 9 hlcdb13.02 0.01 h13.23 0.02 h 0.057 (assumed)0.1659 0.00880.166 0.0090.241 0.046 B–V = 0.735U–B = 0.415Tholen = GCC 11.46 1694 Kaiser (prov. designation: 1934 SB) is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at Leiden Southern Station, annex to the Johannesburg Observatory in South Africa. It is named for Dutch astronomer Frederik Kaiser. Orbit and classification Kaiser is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,354 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3.71 years (1,354 days). Its eccentric orbit of 0.26 is inclined by 11 degrees towards the plane of the ecliptic. Kaisers observation arc begins with its official discovery observation, as no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made. Naming This asteroid was named in honor of Dutch astronomer Frederik Kaiser (1808–1872), the director of the Leiden Observatory from 1837 to 1872. He founded the new Leiden Observatory and stimulated Dutch astronomical research. Frederick Kaiser is also honored by the lunar and Martian craters Kaiser. Originally, the asteroid was erroneously named Kapteyn (MPC 2822), and only later it was noticed that the Duch astronomer Jacobus Kapteyn was already honored by the minor planet 818 Kapteynia. The official 1694 naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 15 July 1968 (M.P.C. 2883). Physical parameters Spectral type On the Tholen taxonomy, the carbonaceous C-type asteroid is classified as a rare GC-type, an intermediate to the G-type asteroids. Diameter and albedo According to the survey the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Kaiser measures 13.84 and 15.68 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.241 and 0.166, respectively. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 28.42 kilometers, with an absolute magnitude of 11.46 Rotation period Two rotational lightcurves for Kaiser were obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian D. Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado (see video in External links). The lightcurves from January 2006 and November 2012, gave a rotation period of 13.02 and 13.23 hours and a variation in brightness of 0.32 and 0.13 magnitude, respectively (U=3/2+). Notes lcdb CALL (2011web) gives a rotation period of 9 hours. Summary figures at the http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php Lightcurve Database (select number "1694"). References 30em 2017-05-04 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1694 Kaiser (1934 SB) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001694 https://web.archive.org/web/20161220154343/http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001694 20 December 2016 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 1 July 2017 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1694) Kaiser Schmadel Lutz D. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 135 2007 978-3-540-00238-3 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1695 (1694) Kaiser 1694 Kaiser (1934 SB) Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1694 17 December 2016 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008) Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs Schmadel Lutz D. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 221 978-3-642-01964-7 10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4 1694 17 December 2016 6 Fumihiko Usui Daisuke Kuroda Thomas G. Müller Sunao Hasegawa Masateru Ishiguro Takafumi Ootsubo Daisuke Ishihara Hirokazu Kataza Satoshi Takita Shinki Oyabu Munetaka Ueno Hideo Matsuhara Takashi Onaka October 2011 Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 5 1117–1138 2011PASJ...63.1117U 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 (online, AcuA catalog p. 153) 6 A. Mainzer T. Grav J. Masiero E. Hand J. Bauer D. Tholen R. S. McMillan T. Spahr R. M. Cutri E. Wright J. Watkins W. Mo C. Maleszewski November 2011 NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 25 2011ApJ...741...90M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 1109.6407 Warner, Brian D. September 2006 Asteroid lightcurve analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory - late 2005 and early 2006 http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2006MPBu...33...58W The Minor Planet Bulletin 33 3 58–62 1052-8091 2006MPBu...33...58W 17 December 2016 Warner, Brian D. April 2013 Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2012 September - 2013 January http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013MPBu...40...71W The Minor Planet Bulletin 40 2 71–80 1052-8091 2013MPBu...40...71W 17 December 2016 6 Joseph R. Masiero A. K. Mainzer T. Grav J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri J. Dailey P. R. M. Eisenhardt R. S. McMillan T. B. Spahr M. F. Skrutskie D. Tholen R. G. Walker E. L. Wright E. DeBaun D. Elsbury T. IV Gautier S. Gomillion A. Wilkins November 2011 Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 20 2011ApJ...741...68M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 1109.4096 17 December 2016 External links 3Kn3s98KRYw The Palmer Divide Observatory: Tour given by Brian Warner (time 4:03 min.) Lightcurve plot of 1694 KaiserNovember 2025 medicmedic, Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2012) Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html 16 December 2017 ) Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center 1694 1693 Hertzsprung 1694 1695 Walbeck 001694 Category:Discoveries by Hendrik van Gent Category:Named minor planets 001694 19340929