1 Chronicles 21

First Book of Chronicles, chapter 21 1 Chronicles 21 1 Chronicles 20 chapter 20 1 Chronicles 22 chapter 22 Books of Chronicles Old Testament 13 Ketuvim Leningrad-codex-14-chronicles.pdf 250px The complete Hebrew text of the Books of Chronicles (1 and 2 Chronicles) in the Leningrad Codex (1008 CE). 1 Chronicles 21 is the twenty-first chapter of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Chronicles in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Ackroyd 1993 113Mathys 2007 268 The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE.Ackroyd 1993 113–114 This chapter records the account of David's census, its consequences and the purchase of a site for the temple.Mathys 2007 278 The whole chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingship of David (1 Chronicles 9:35 to 29:30).Ackroyd 1993 113 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language. It is divided into 30 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 Extant manuscripts of a Koine Greek translation known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE, include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).Würthwein 1995 73–74The extant Codex Sinaiticus only contains 1 Chronicles 9:27–19:17.Würthwein Ernst Der Text des Alten Testaments Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft 2nd Stuttgart 1988 85 3-438-06006-XSwete Henry Barclay Henry Barclay Swete An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek Macmillan and Co. Cambridge 1902 https://archive.org/stream/anintrotooldtes00swetuoft#page/128/mode/2up 129–130Codex Sinaiticus Old Testament references 1 Chronicles 21:1–6 9: Exodus 30:11–16 9; 2 Samuel 24:1–9 91 Chronicles 21 Berean Study Bible. Biblehub 1 Chronicles 21:7–13 9:2 Samuel 24:10–14 9 1 Chronicles 21:14–17 9:2 Samuel 24:15–17 9 1 Chronicles 21:18–30 9:2 Samuel 24:18–25 9 David’s military census (21:1–6) The Chronicler reinterprets and supplements the account in 2 Samuel 24, taking the perspective of Job chapter 1.Mathys 2007 278Coogan 2007 607 Hebrew Bible Instead of "the anger of the " (2 Samuel 24:1), the one who persuaded David to carry out a census is "Satan", a Hebrew word which should be translated as "an adversary" rather than a personal name, more likely is the same figure mentioned in Job 1:6 9ff and Zechariah 3:1ff.Mathys 2007 278Coogan 2007 607 Hebrew Bible David's guilt is pronounced strongly by Joab (more than in 2 Samuel 24) as the word 'trespass' (verse 3; NRSV, 'guilt') is used to emphasize David's responsibility.Coogan 2007 607 Hebrew Bible The Chronicler simply documents the result of the census, excluding the individual stages (due to its insignificance or incomprehensibility) recorded in 2 Samuel 24.Mathys 2007 278 Verse 5 And Joab gave the sum of the numbering of the people to David. In all Israel there were 1,100,000 men who drew the sword, and in Judah 470,000 who drew the sword.1 Chronicles 21:5 ESV ESV "1,100,000": the number of able men in the united kingdom of Israel and Judah, of whom 800,000 is reported in 2 Samuel 24:9 9, with the addition of twelve special armies each consisting of 24,000 men, for a total of 288,000, and 12,000 horsemen in chariot cities as well as at Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 1:14).Walvoord Zuck 2002 2 Samuel "470,000": the total of the Judeans. 2 Samuel 24:9 9 has 500,000; apparently including 30,000 David's chosen warriors in 2 Samuel 6:1 9.Walvoord Zuck 2002 2 Samuel Verse 6 But he did not count Levi and Benjamin among them, for the king’s word was abominable to Joab.1 Chronicles 21:6 NKJV NKJV Numbers 1:49 9 forbids to take a military census among the Levites, whereas the tribe of Benjamin was probably excluded because 'the tabernacle resided upon its territory'.Mathys 2007 278 Judgment for David’s sin (21:7–13) The passage emphasizes on YHWH's disapproval, not David's remorse (as in 2 Samuel 24) because David was persuaded by Satan, so it has the statement 'he struck Israel' forecasting the events reported in verse 14.Mathys 2007 278 A plague on Israel (21:14–17) The sin of David resulted in the death of Israelites (verse 14; cf. 2 Samuel 11:17–26 9; 2 Samuel 12:15–19 9; 2 Samuel 24:15 9).Selman 1994 201 Verse 14 So the Lord sent a plague throughout Israel, and seventy thousand men of Israel fell.1 Chronicles 21:14 MEV MEV This sentence is followed in 2 Samuel 24:15 9 by "from the morning even to the time appointed," so if "the time appointed" means 'the time of the evening sacrifice', then God shortened the three days to a short one day.Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "1 Chronicles 21". In: The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019. Verse 16 David lifted up his eyes and saw the angel of the Lord standing between earth and heaven with his sword drawn in his hand stretched out over Jerusalem. So David and the elders, covered in sackcloth, fell on their faces.1 Chronicles 21:16 MEV MEV The Chronicler describes the angel hanging in the air, recalling the descriptions in Numbers 22:31 and Joshua 5:13-15 (cf. also verse 18); furthermore cf. Daniel 8:15; 12:6.Mathys 2007 278 David builds an altar (21:18–30) In verses 21–25, the purchase of Ornan's threshingfloor is patterned after Abraham's purchase of Machpelah's cave (Genesis 23), including the insistence on paying the full price (an expression used only in Genesis 23:9 and verses 22, 24). The 600 silver shekels David pays is more than Abraham's 400 silver shekels for Machpelah's cave, alluding the higher value of temple site than Sarah's burial site (600 is also a multiple of 12, an important number in various ways in the Chronicles).Mathys 2007 278 Verses 29–30 explain that because an angel obstructed his way, David had to make sacrifices on Ornan's threshing-floor, instead of at the high place at Gibeon.Mathys 2007 278 Verse 18 Then the angel of the Lord commanded Gad to tell David that David should go up and raise an altar to the Lord on the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite. 1 Chronicles 21:18 MEV MEV The command to erect an altar on the threshing-floor of Ornan (the later name for Araunah) was given only by Gad in 2 Samuel 24, is clarified in Chronicles as originated from the angel of YHWH.Mathys 2007 278 See also David's Mighty Warriors House of David Jerusalem Zeruiah Related Bible parts: Genesis 23, Exodus 30, Numbers 23, 2 Samuel 11, 2 Samuel 11, 2 Samuel 23, 2 Samuel 24, Job 1, Zechariah 3 Notes References Sources Ackroyd Peter R Chronicles, Books of Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible Oxford University Press 1993 978-0195046458 113–116 Bennett William The Expositor's Bible: The Books of Chronicles Litres 2018 978-5040825196 https://books.google.com/books?id=SZo3DwAAQBAJ Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 9780195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Endres John C. First and Second Chronicles Liturgical Press 2012 https://books.google.com/books?id=mtL0BSEv7i4C 9780814628447 Hill Andrew E. First and Second Chronicles Zondervan 2003 https://books.google.com/books?id=Sv-LEqnF8Y4C 9780310206101 Mabie Frederick I. The Chronicler's Genealogical Survey of All Israel 1 and 2 Chronicles The Expositor's Bible Commentary Tremper Longman III David E Garland Zondervan 2017 267–308 978-0310531814 https://books.google.com/books?id=E8ESDgAAQBAJ December 6, 2019 Mathys H. P. 14. 1 and 2 Chronicles The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 267–308 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Selman Martin J. 1 Chronicles: An Introduction and Commentary Tyndale Old Testament commentaries Inter-Varsity Press 1994 978-0851118475 https://books.google.com/books?id=kMgQAQAAIAAJ December 30, 2020 Tuell Steven S. First and Second Chronicles Westminster John Knox Press 2012 978-0664238650 https://books.google.com/books?id=8RKvdfWsmvEC December 30, 2020 Walvoord John F. Zuck Roy B. The Bible Knowledge Commentary: Old Testament and New Testament David C. Cook. 2002 9780896938007 Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament William B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Divrei Hayamim I - I Chronicles - Chapter 21 (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) First Book of Chronicles Chapter 21. Bible Gateway 21