1966 Nobel Prize in Literature

20px 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature Shmuel Yosef Agnon and Nelly Sachs Swedish Academy 1901 https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1966/summary/ 1966 laureates 120px122px Agnon "for his profoundly characteristic narrative art with motifs from the life of the Jewish people," and Sachs "for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength." 20 October 1966 (announcement) 10 December 1966 (ceremony) Stockholm, Sweden 1965 Nobel Prize in Literature 1967 The 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature was divided equally between Shmuel Yosef Agnon (1887–1970) "for his profoundly characteristic narrative art with motifs from the life of the Jewish people" and Nelly Sachs (1891–1970) "for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength."The Nobel Prize in Literature 1966 nobelprize.org It is one of four occasions (the others being 1904, 1917, and 1974) when the Nobel Prize in Literature has been shared between two individuals.Facts on the Nobel Prize in Literature nobelprize.org Laureates 250px|thumb|right|Nobel laureates Nelly Sachs and Samuel Agnon preparing for the festivities in Stockholm on 10 December 1966. Shmuel Yosef Agnon Shmuel Yosef Agnon Shmuel Agnon was one of the central figures of modern Hebrew literature. His works deal with the conflict of Jewish tradition and language and the modern world. His first works were published when he was a teenager and he immediately gained a reputation. His breakthrough novel was Hakhnāsat kallāh ("The Bridal Cannopy", 1931). After World War II, under the impact of the holocaust, Agnon wrote Ir Umeloah ("A City in its Fullness", 1973), which is a collection of folktales, legends, and chronicles portraying his birth town, Buczacz.S.Y. Agnon Britannica.comShmuel Agnon – Facts nobelprize.org Nelly Sachs Nelly Sachs Nelly Sachs was a German poet and dramatist whose works deal with the dark fate of the Jewish people in the 20th century. She borrows subjects for her poetry from the Jewish beliefs and mysticism, but her authorship is also strongly colored by Nazi persecution of the Jews, with the horrors of the death camps as its ultimate expression. Sachs' poetry combines echoes from the poetry of ancient religious texts with modernist language. Besides poetry, her writings also include a couple of plays.Nelly Sachs Britannica.comNelly Sachs – Facts nobelprize.org Her best-known collections include In den Wohnungen des Todes ("In the Houses of Death", 1947), Sternverdunkelung ("Eclipse of Stars", 1949), and Flucht und Verwandlung ("Flight and Metamorphosis", 1959). Deliberations Nominations In 1966, the Nobel committee for literature received 99 nominations for 72 writers including Jean Anouilh, Louis Aragon, W. H. Auden, Samuel Beckett (awarded in 1969), Jorge Luis Borges, Heinrich Böll (awarded in 1972), Alejo Carpentier, René Char, Lawrence Durrell, E. M. Forster, Max Frisch, Robert Graves, Graham Greene, Jorge Guillén, Yasunari Kawabata (awarded in 1968), André Malraux, Harry Martinson (awarded in 1974), Alberto Moravia, Vladimir Nabokov, Pablo Neruda (awarded in 1971), Ezra Pound, Mika Waltari, Tarjei Vesaas and Simon Vestdijk. Ten of the nominees were nominated first-time, among them Pierre-Henri Simon, Witold Gombrowicz, Arnold Wesker, Carlo Emilio Gadda and Günter Grass (awarded in 1999). Three of the nominees were women: Anna Achmatova, Katherine Anne Porter and Nelly Sachs.Nomination archive 1966 nobelprize.org The authors Margery Allingham, Hans Christian Branner, Dimitar Dimov, Helga Eng, Svend Fleuron, C. S. Forester, Jean Galtier-Boissière, Mina Loy, Lao She, Kathleen Norris, Frank O'Connor, Frank O'Hara, Brian O'Nolan, Delmore Schwartz, Cordwainer Smith, Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki,Caterina Albert(Victor catala),Henry Treece, and Marja-Liisa Vartio died in 1966 without having been nominated for the prize. Soviet-Russian poet Anna Akhmatova died months before the announcement. Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize No. Nominee Country Genre(s) Nominator(s)1Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966)Soviet UnionpoetryRoman Jakobson (1896–1982) Gunnar Jacobsson (1918–2001) Karl Ragnar Gierow (1904–1982)2Shmuel Yosef Agnon (1887–1970)Israelnovel, short storyEyvind Johnson (1900–1976)3Jean Anouilh (1910–1987)Francedrama, screenplay, translationPaul Pédech (1912–2005) Viktor Pöschl (1910–1997)4Louis Aragon (1897–1982)Francenovel, short story, poetry, essaysRobert Ricatte (1913–1995)5Alexandre Arnoux (1884–1973)Francescreenplay, novelFrançois Bar (1907–1984)6Miguel Ángel Asturias (1899–1974)Guatemalanovel, short story, poetry, essays, dramaCharles Vincent Aubrun (1906–1993)7Wystan Hugh Auden (1907–1973)United KingdomUnited Statespoetry, essays, screenplayAndrew Chiappe (1915–1967) Lionel Trilling (1905–1975) Jack Arthur Walter Bennett (1911–1981)8Samuel Beckett (1906–1989)Irelandnovel, drama, poetryWilliam York Tindall (1903–1981) William Stuart Maguinness (1903–1983) Léon Cellier (1911–1976) Johannes Edfelt (1904–1997)9Johan Borgen (1902–1979)Norwaynovel, literary criticismHarry Martinson (1904–1978)10Jorge Luis Borges (1899–1986)Argentinapoetry, essays, translation, short storyPaul Bénichou (1908–2001) Eugenio Florit (1903–1999)11Henri Bosco (1888–1976)Francenovel, short storyLouis Guinet (1911–1993)12Heinrich Böll (1917–1985)West Germanynovel, short storyRené Wellek (1903–1995)13Alejo Carpentier (1904–1980)Cubanovel, short story, essaysHenri Peyre (1901–1988)14René Char (1907–1988)FrancepoetryGeorges Blin (1917–2015)15Lawrence Durrell (1912–1990)United Kingdomnovel, short story, poetry, drama, essaysHenry Olsson (1896–1985)16Pierre Emmanuel (1916–1984)Francepoetry, autobiographyJacqueline Duchemin (1910–1988)17Edward Morgan Forster (1879–1970)United Kingdomnovel, short story, drama, essays, biography, literary criticismHorace Leland Friess (1900–1975) John Herman Randall Jr. (1899–1980)18Max Frisch (1911–1991)Switzerlandnovel, dramaJohn Stephenson Spink (1909–1985) Hans Robert Jauss (1921–1997)19Carlo Emilio Gadda (1893–1973)Italynovel, short story, poetryMario Pei (1901–1978)20Rómulo Gallegos (1884–1969)Venezuela 1930novel, short storyAndrés Iduarte Foucher (1907–1984)21Hossein Ghods-Nakhai (1911–1977)Pahlavi Iran Iranpoetry, essaysArthur John Arberry (1905–1969)22Jean Giono (1895–1970)Francenovel, short story, essays, poetry, dramaJean-Jacques Leveque (1931–2012)23Witold Gombrowicz (1904–1969)Polish People's Republic Polandshort story, novel, dramaGunnar Jacobsson (1918–2001)24Günter Grass (1927–2015)West Germanynovel, drama, poetry, essaysErwin Wolff (1924–2007)25Robert Graves (1895–1985)United Kingdomhistory, novel, poetry, literary criticism, essaysThe English PEN-Club Marvin Spevack (1927–2013)26Graham Greene (1904–1991)United Kingdomnovel, short story, autobiography, essaysKristian Smidt (1916–2013)27Jorge Guillén (1893–1984)Francoist Spain Spainpoetry, literary criticismHenri Peyre (1901–1988)28Leslie Poles Hartley (1895–1972)United Kingdomnovel, short story, essaysGeoffrey Tillotson (1905–1969)29Gyula Illyés (1902–1983)Hungarian People's Republic Hungarypoetry, novel, drama, essaysJános Lotz (1913–1973)30Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz (1894–1980)Polish People's Republic Polandpoetry, essays, drama, translation, short story, novelJean Fabre (1904–1975)31Marcel Jouhandeau (1888–1979)Franceshort story, novelJean Gaulmier (1905–1997)32Ernst Jünger (1895–1998)West Germanyphilosophy, novel, memoirRudolf Till (1911–1979)33Yasunari Kawabata (1899–1972)Japannovel, short storyKarl Ragnar Gierow (1904–1982)34Miroslav Krleža (1893–1981)Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslaviapoetry, drama, short story, novel, essaysGunnar Jacobsson (1918–2001)35Erich Kästner (1899–1974)West Germanypoetry, screenplay, autobiographyWerner Betz (1912–1980)36Carlo Levi (1902–1975)Italymemoir, novel, short storyMaria Bellonci (1902–1986)37Robert Lowell (1917–1977)United Statespoetry, translationEric Bentley (1916–2020)38André Malraux (1901–1976)Francenovel, essays, literary criticismHenry Caraway Hatfield (1912–1995) John Martin Cocking (1914–1986) Yves Le Hir (1919–2005) Georges Matoré (1908–1998)39Harry Martinson (1904–1978)Swedenpoetry, novel, drama, essaysAlf Önnerfors (1925–2019)40Thierry Maulnier (1909–1988)Francedrama, essays, literary criticismFélix Carrère (1911–1991)41Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968)Francoist Spain Spainphilology, history Gunnar Tilander (1894–1973) Henri Guiter (1909–1994)42Vilhelm Moberg (1898–1973)Swedennovel, drama, historyGösta Bergman (1894–1984)43Eugenio Montale (1896–1981)Italypoetry, translationUberto Limentani (1913–1989)44Henry de Montherlant (1895–1972)Franceessays, novel, dramaBarthélémy-Antonin Taladoire (1907–1976) 45Alberto Moravia (1907–1990)Italynovel, literary criticism, essays, dramaUberto Limentani (1913–1989) Maria Bellonci (1902–1986)46Henri Muller (1902–1980)Francenovel, memoir, essaysPierre Lyautey (1893–1976)47Vladimir Nabokov (1899–1977)Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic RussiaUnited Statesnovel, short story, poetry, drama, translation, literary criticism, memoirJacques Guicharnaud (1924–2005)48Pablo Neruda (1904–1973)ChilepoetryLennart Breitholtz (1909–1998) Jürgen von Stackelberg (1925–2020) The Chilean Writers Society Juan Marichal (1922–2010)49Junzaburō Nishiwaki (1894–1982)Japanpoetry, literary criticism Naoshirō Tsuji (1899–1979)50Walter Pabst (1907–1992)West Germanyessays, literary criticismGünther Reichenkron (1907–1966)51Marcel Pagnol (1895–1974)Francenovel, memoir, drama, screenplayJean François-Anatole Ricci (–)September 202552Konstantin Paustovsky (1892–1968)Soviet Unionnovel, poetry, dramaKarl Ragnar Gierow (1904–1982)53José María Pemán (1897–1981)Francoist Spain Spainpoetry, drama, novel, essays, screenplaymembers of the Royal Spanish Academy Manuel Halcón Villalón-Daoíz (1900–1989) Gerardo Diego (1896–1987)54Katherine Anne Porter (1890–1980)United Statesshort story, essaysCleanth Brooks (1906–1994)55Ezra Pound (1885–1972)United Statespoetry, essaysNorman Holmes Pearson (1909–1975) Heinrich Matthias Heinrichs (1911–1983)56John Boynton Priestley (1894–1984)United Kingdomnovel, drama, screenplay, literary criticism, essaysArchibald Tucker (1904–1980)57Jules Romains (1885–1972)Francepoetry, drama, screenplayYves Gandon (1899–1975)58Nelly Sachs (1891–1970)West GermanySwedenpoetry, dramaWalter Arthur Berendsohn (1884–1984) Siegbert Salomon Prawer (1925–2012) Henry Olsson (1896–1985)59Paul Celan (1920–1970)Socialist Republic of Romania RomaniaFrancepoetry, translationHenry Olsson (1896–1985)60Pierre-Henri Simon (1903–1972)Franceessays, novel, literary criticism, poetryPierre Jonin (1912–1997)61Gustave Thibon (1903–2001)FrancephilosophyÉdouard Delebecque (1910–1990)62Miguel Torga (1907–1995)Estado Novo (Portugal) Portugalpoetry, short story, novel, drama, autobiographyJean-Baptiste Aquarone (1903–1989)63Pietro Ubaldi (1886–1972)Italyphilosophy, essaysAcademia Santista de Letras64Mika Waltari (1908–1979)Finlandshort story, novel, poetry, drama, essays, screenplayManfred Mayrhofer (1926–2011)65Tarjei Vesaas (1897–1970)Norwaypoetry, novelCarl-Eric Thors (1920–1986) Sigmund Skard (1903–1995) Norwegian Authors' Union66Arnold Wesker (1932–2016)United Kingdomdrama, novel, essaysAlistair Campbell (1907–1974)67Simon Vestdijk (1898–1971)Netherlandsnovel, poetry, essays, translationThe Dutch PEN-Club Dutch Association of Writers and Translators Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences68Thornton Wilder (1897–1975)United Statesdrama, novel, short storyMorton Wilfred Bloomfield (1913–1987)69Edmund Wilson (1895–1972)United Statesessays, literary criticism, short story, dramaLeon Samuel Roudiez (1917–2004)70Arnold Zweig (1887–1968)East Germanynovel, short storyHeinz Mettke (1924–2007)71Arnulf Øverland (1889–1968)Norwaypoetry, essaysEyvind Johnson (1900–1976)72Alberto Hidalgo Lobato (1897–1967)Perupoetry, essaysPeruvian Writers Association Prize decision The Nobel committee, a working group within the Swedish Academy, proposed that the 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature should be awarded to the Japanese writer Yasunari Kawabata, but, unconventionally, the 18 members of the Academy did not follow the recommendation and voted for a prize to Agnon and Sachs.Kaj Schueler Svenska Akademien körde över Nobelkommittén Svenska Dagbladet 2 January 2017 (in Swedish) A shared prize to the Latin American writers Jorge Luis Borges and Miguel Angel Asturias,Nabokov, Neruda and Borges revealed as losers of 1965 Nobel prize The Guardian 6 January 2016 and to Nelly Sachs and Paul Celan were proposed. Award ceremony In his award ceremony speech on 10 December 1966 Anders Österling of the Swedish Academy said: This year’s Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded to two outstanding Jewish authors – Shmuel Yosef Agnon and Nelly Sachs – each of whom represents Israel’s message to our time. Agnon’s home is in Jerusalem, and Miss Sachs has been an immigrant in Sweden since 1940, and is now a Swedish subject. The purpose of combining these two prizewinners is to do justice to the individual achievements of each, and the sharing of the prize has its special justification: to honour two writers who, although they write in different languages, are united in a spiritual kinship and complement each other in a superb effort to present the cultural heritage of the Jewish people through the written word. Their common source of inspiration has been, for both of them, a vital power.Award Ceremony speech nobelprize.org References External links Award Ceremony speech nobelprize.org List of all nominations nobelprize.org 1966 Category:1966 in literature