2011 Oklahoma earthquake

2011 earthquake near Prague, Oklahoma the M5.7 earthquake the earthquake swarms of which this was the second-largest earthquake Oklahoma earthquake swarms (2009–present) July 2023 2011 Oklahoma earthquake 2011 Oklahoma earthquake damage.jpg 250px Earthquake damage Chimney damage from the earthquake USA Oklahoma 2011-11-06 03:53:10 17507292 usp000jadn November 6, 2011 10:53:10 p.m. CDT 5.7 wM5.7 – Oklahoma https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp000jadn#executive United States Geological Survey September 10, 2016 5.2 km mi 0 us 35.599 N 96.752 W dms type:event_dim:200km inline,title Strike-slip United States VIII Two injured Part of the 2009–present Oklahoma earthquakes thumb|USGS ShakeMap for the Oklahoma earthquake The 2011 Oklahoma earthquake was a 5.7 magnitude intraplate earthquake which occurred near Prague, Oklahoma on November 5 at 10:53 p.m. CDT (03:53 UTC November 6) in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.Magnitudes for Oklahoma Earthquakes Shift Upward https://www.usgs.gov/news/magnitudes-oklahoma-earthquakes-shift-upward United States Geological Survey September 7, 2016 September 7, 2016 The epicenter of the earthquake was in the vicinity of several active wastewater injection wells. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), it was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Oklahoma until the 2016 Oklahoma earthquake. The previous record was a 5.5 magnitude earthquake that struck near the town of El Reno in 1952.Historic Earthquakes https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1952_04_09.php United States Geological Survey November 6, 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20150419031339/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1952_04_09.php April 19, 2015 The quake's epicenter was approximately 44 mi east-northeast of Oklahoma City, near the town of Sparks and was felt in the neighboring states of Texas, Arkansas, Kansas and Missouri and even as far away as Tennessee and Wisconsin.Oklahoma Hit With 10 Aftershocks Following 5.6-Magnitude Earthquake https://www.foxnews.com/us/oklahoma-hit-with-10-aftershocks-following-5-6-magnitude-earthquake November 14, 2011 Associated Press Fox News) November 6, 2011 The quake followed several minor quakes earlier in the day, including a 4.7 magnitude foreshock.Magnitude 4.7 – Oklahoma https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2011/usb0006k8b/ United States Geological Survey November 6, 2011Preliminary Earthquake Report, November 5, 2011 http://www.okgeosurvey1.gov/ Leonard Geophysical Observatory November 6, 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20111111042928/http://www.okgeosurvey1.gov/ November 11, 2011 The quake had a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale in the area closest to the epicenter. Numerous aftershocks were detected after the main quake, with a few registering at 4.0 magnitude. In March 28, 2016 the USGS released the USGS National Seismic Hazard Map which concluded that the primary cause of the earthquake in Oklahoma in 2011 was pressure on faults from cumulative effects of injecting oil drilling wastewater under high pressure into the underground.7 million Americans at risk of man-made earthquakes, USGS says Joel Achenbach March 28, 2016 The Washington PostInduced Earthquakes Raise Chances of Damaging Shaking in 2016 https://www2.usgs.gov/blogs/features/usgs_top_story/induced-earthquakes-raise-chances-of-damaging-shaking-in-2016/ United States Geological Survey March 28, 2016 April 28, 2016 Fitzpatrick, Jessica Petersen, Mark https://web.archive.org/web/20160423112012/http://www.usgs.gov/blogs/features/usgs_top_story/induced-earthquakes-raise-chances-of-damaging-shaking-in-2016/ April 23, 2016 Although the 2011 earthquake was the largest on record, the USGS reported that the central and eastern U.S. (CEUS) has undergone the most dramatic increase in seismic activity in the United States since 2009 with an average of 318 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 a year up from 24 a year from 1973 to 2008. In 2015 there were 1,010 earthquakes in the CEUS region. By mid-March 2016 there were already 226 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 and larger in the CEUS. "Earthquake rates have recently increased markedly in multiple areas of the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS), especially since 2010, and scientific studies have linked the majority of this increased activity to wastewater injection in deep disposal wells."2016 One-Year Seismic Hazard Forecast for the Central and Eastern United States from Induced and Natural Earthquakes https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1035/ofr20161035.pdf April 1, 2016 Mark D. Petersen Charles S. Mueller Morgan P. Moschetti Susan M. Hoover Andrea L. Llenos William L. Ellsworth Andrew J. Michael Justin L. Rubinstein Arthur F. McGarr Kenneth S. Rukstales Open-File Report 2331-1258 10.3133/ofr20161035 58 Reston, Virginia https://web.archive.org/web/20160414105448/http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1035/ofr20161035.pdf April 14, 2016 free 2 Geology The Oklahoma Geological Survey believes the earthquake occurred along the Wilzetta Fault, which is also known as the Seminole Uplift. The Wilzetta Fault is a 55 mi km on long fault zone that runs from central Pottawatomie County to the western part of Creek County.Parker Gay S. The Nemaha Trend—A System of Compressional Thrust-Fold, Strike-Slip Structural Features in Kansas and Oklahoma, Part 1 http://www.appliedgeophysics.com/images/NemahaShaleShaker.pdf Shale Shaker 9–17, 39–49 2003 November 6, 2011 It is a strike-slip fault, where two adjacent crustal blocks slide horizontally past each other, but unlike the similar moving San Andreas Fault, the Wilzetta Fault is not located near the margins of any tectonic plates. From 1972 to 2008, between two and six earthquakes were recorded annually by the USGS, however 50 were recorded in 2009. The USGS and the Oklahoma Geological Survey are installing more seismometers to better monitor the increased activity. Aftershocks from the 5.6 quake, including some that can be felt, were expected to last for months.Earthquake Summary https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2011/usb0006klz/index.php#summary Magnitude 5.6 – Oklahoma United States Geological Survey November 6, 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20150113073339/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2011/usb0006klz/index.php#summary January 13, 2015 The Oklahoma Geological Survey reported in 2011 that a minor earthquake swarm which occurred in January 2011 could possibly have been due to hydraulic fracturing, which is a process used to extract oil from oil wells.Holland Austin Examination of Possibly Induced Seismicity from Hydraulic Fracturing in the Eola Field, Garvin County, Oklahoma http://www.ogs.ou.edu/pubsscanned/openfile/OF1_2011.pdf Oklahoma Geological Survey August 2011 November 13, 2011 In November 2011 several geologists with the USGS that were contacted by The Huffington Post said that the 5.6 magnitude quake was not due to the mechanical process of hydraulic fracturing itself, which they said causes tremors on a much smaller scale.Borenstein Seth Fahey Jonathan Oklahoma Earthquakes Stronger Than Fracking Tremors, Experts Say http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/07/oklahoma-earthquakes-not-manmade_n_1080749.html The Huffington Post November 7, 2011 November 13, 2011 According to the 2016 USGS report, "Earthquake rates have recently increased markedly in multiple areas of the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS), especially since 2010, and scientific studies have linked the majority of this increased activity to wastewater injection in deep disposal wells."2Ellsworth W.L. 2013 Injection-induced earthquakes Science 341 6142 7 10.1126/science.1225942 23846903 206543048 Keranen K.M. Weingarten Matthew Abers G.A. Bekins B.A. Ge Shemin 2014 Sharp increase in central Oklahoma seismicity since 2008 induced by massive wastewater injection Science 345 6195 448–451 10.1126/science.1255802 24993347 2014Sci...345..448K 206558853 free Walsh F.R. Zoback M.D. 2015 Oklahoma's recent earthquakes and saltwater disposal Science Advances 1 5 e1500195 10.1126/sciadv.1500195 2015SciA....1E0195W 26601200 4640601 Weingarten Matthew Ge Shemin Godt J.W. Bekins B.A. Rubinstein J.L. 2015 High-rate injection is associated with the increase in U.S. mid-continent seismicity Science 348 6241 1336–1340 10.1126/science.aab1345 26089509 2015Sci...348.1336W free In March 2013, an article published in the scientific journal Geology observed that "the volume of fluid injected into the subsurface related to the production of unconventional resources continues to rise" and this potentially triggered the earthquake.Keranen Katie M. Savage Heather M. Abers Geoffrey A. Cochran Elizabeth S. Potentially induced earthquakes in Oklahoma, USA: Links between wastewater injection and the 2011 Mw 5.7 earthquake sequence Geology 2013 10.1130/G34045.1 41 6 699–702 2013Geo....41..699Kvia EBSCO An issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research published in March 2014 found that a magnitude 5.0 foreshock believed to be induced by fluid injection promoted failure of the rupture plain of the November 5 mainshock.Sumy Danielle F. Cochran Elizabeth S. Keranen Katie M. Wei Maya Abers Geoffrey A. Observations of static Coulomb stress triggering of the November 2011 M5.7 Oklahoma earthquake sequence Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth 119 3 1904–1923 March 7, 2014 10.1002/2013JB010612 2014JGRB..119.1904S free Damage Early reports indicated that U.S. Route 62 had "buckled" in three locations and that several nearby homes had major damage and there were also numerous reports of broken windows and other minor damage, mostly to residences.Oklahoma quake buckles highway, damages several homes http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/nationnow/2011/11/oklahoma-quake-buckles-highway-damages-several-homes-.html November 6, 2011 Los Angeles Times November 5, 2011 Some local residents reported minor masonry damage and a chimney collapsed at one residence, while a few residents near the epicenter reported a noise which sounded like thunder in the distance as the earthquake struck.Dinger Matt Record 5.6 magnitude earthquake shakes Oklahoma http://newsok.com/record-5.6-magnitude-earthquake-shakes-oklahoma/article/3620706?custom_click=lead_story_title News OK November 6, 2011 The Oklahoma Department of Emergency Management reported that two people suffered minor injuries, 14 homes had various levels of damage, and that Benedictine Hall at St. Gregory's University in Shawnee had one turret collapse and two others damaged, forcing the closure of the building.Quake update: Several homes, university damaged; assessment ongoing http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=12&articleid=20111106_12_0_PRAGUE230246 Tulsa World November 6, 2011 November 6, 2011 Sandra and Gary Ladra of Prague, suffered physical injuries and damage to their home, during the earthquake. They sued Spess Oil and Old Dominion, LLC, for compensation. In July 2017, Spess came to a confidential settlement in the case, which was before the Oklahoma Supreme Court.Oil company settles earthquake damage suit, Michelle Charles, Stillwater News Press, July 6, 2017. Retrieved July 8, 2017. Radar imagery The National Weather Service (NWS) reported that weather radar detected insects, bats and birds which had apparently taken flight immediately after the quake. The NWS radar indicated that the tremors were significant enough that those animals that could leave the ground, did so.Israel Brett Oklahoma Quake Stirs Bird, Bug or Bat Swarm Seen on Radars http://www.livescience.com/16921-oklahoma-quake-stirs-bird-bug-bat-swarm-radars.html Our Amazing Planet November 7, 2011 July 20, 2015 See also Oklahoma earthquake swarms (2009–present) 2016 Oklahoma earthquake List of earthquakes in 2011 List of earthquakes in Oklahoma List of earthquakes in the United States References External links Animation of M5.6 Foreshocks and Aftershocks-Nov 5, 2011 to July 31, 2012 17507292 Oklahoma Category:Lincoln County, Oklahoma Category:Earthquakes in the United States Earthquake, 2011 Earthquake Earthquake, Oklahoma Oklahoma, 2011