1953 Costa Rican general election

none gov March 2021 January 2024 Costa Rica state 26 July 1953 yes presidential Presidential election 1948 Costa Rican general election 1948 1958 Costa Rican general election 1958 293,678 67.25% ( 11.10pp) José Figueres Ferrer cropped.jpg José Figueres Ferrer Raúl BlancoFernando Esquivel National Liberation Party (Costa Rica) 123,444 64.71% Papeleta 1953 cropped.png Fernando Castro Cervantes Ricardo CastroAntonio Peña Democratic Party (Costa Rica) 67,324 35.29% Elección Presidencial de Costa Rica (1953) (Distritos Administrativos).svg Results by districtFigueres: #457F66 50–60% #396A55 60–70% #2E5544 70–80% #224033 80–90% #172A22 90–100%Castro: #686868 50-60% #595959 60–70% #4a4a4a 70–80%Tie: #AA6EBB 50% President Otilio Ulate National Union Party (Costa Rica) José Figueres National Liberation Party (Costa Rica) yes Legislative election 1949 1958 All 45 seats in the Legislative Assembly 23 67.51% ( 18.31pp) National Liberation Party (Costa Rica) José Figueres Ferrer 64.75 30 3 Democratic Party (Costa Rica) Fernando Castro Cervantes 21.19 11 0 National Republican Party (Costa Rica) Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia 7.21 3 New National Union Party (Costa Rica) #104AAE Otilio Ulate Blanco 6.85 1 35 Elecciones legislativas de Costa Rica de 1953 - Diputados por Provincia.svg Results by province thumb|right|A ballot paper from the elections General elections were held in Costa Rica on 26 July 1953.Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, p155 978-0-19-928357-6 José Figueres Ferrer of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 67% in the presidential election and 68% in the parliamentary election.Nohlen, p156 Local elections were also held. This was Costa Rica's first election since the end of the 1948 Civil War, and democratic guarantees were not fully restored. José Figueres, the caudillo of the victorious National Liberation Army faction in the Civil War, was the candidate of the newly founded National Liberation Party (PLN).Hernández Naranjo Gerardo Reseña de las elecciones presidenciales de 1953 http://163.178.170.110/AtlasFinal2/documentos/ResenaHistoricaEleccion/1953.pdf 13 April 2016 es https://web.archive.org/web/20151001045659/http://163.178.170.110/AtlasFinal2/documentos/ResenaHistoricaEleccion/1953.pdf 2015-10-01 dead Liberal Mario Echandi tried to be the candidate from then-ruling National Union Party (PUN), but his candidacy was denied by the Electoral Tribunal due to purported irregularities in the adherents' signatures. This move was highly criticized by Figueres' opponents as an action in favor of Figueres' candidacy. As PUN was unable to participate, the only other candidacy alternate to Figueres was made by the Democratic Party, which nominated wealthy industrial magnate Fernando Castro Cervantes. The three parties—PLN, PUN and Democratic—were all formerly united in opposition against the 1940s governments of Rafael Angel Calderón and his allies, who were viewed as having caused the civil war. Yet, after the war, such unification ceased. The losing sides in the civil war, mostly the Republicans (Calderón supporters) and the Communists, were unable to participate as the Republicans' party was disbanded and the Communist Party was constitutionally outlawed. The Republicans were nonetheless allowed to participate in the legislative ballot with a provincial party in San José called the "Independent" Republican Party, and thereby gained some seats. As expected, Figueres won by a landslide victory. Background The 1948 general elections had resulted in Otilio Ulate Blanco, National Union Party's nominee, winning over former president Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia and his coalition of the communist People's Vanguard Party and the socialcristiano National Republican Party.Castro Vega Óscar Fin de la Segunda República: Figueres y la Constituyente del 49 2007 EUNED San Pedro, Montes de Oca 978-9968-31-530-2 https://editorial.uned.ac.cr/book/U05861 14 October 2021Ulate y Figueres https://www.nacion.com/opinion/ulate-y-figueres/6CHJY2KPORD4PFRGU73IAAI63I/story/+&cd=5&hl=es&ct=clnk&gl=cr&client=firefox-b-d/ La Nación Grupo Nación 14 October 2021 The annulment of Ulate's victory led to a civil war that resulted in the overthrow of the calderonista government and the establishing of the "Founding Junta of the Second Republic", led by José Figueres Ferrer. Figueres, a social democrat, reached a deal with Otilio Ulate in which the Junta would govern with all powers (executive, legislative, judicial) for 18 months, introducing a wide array of reformist policies and would convene the election of a Constituent Assembly. In return, the Junta would recognize the legitimacy of Ulate's 1948 victory and would return power to him on no later than November 8, 1949, making him the first president of the "Second Republic" for a period no longer than 4 years.Pacto Ulate-Figueres https://elespiritudel48.org/pacto-ulate-figueres/ El Espíritu del 48 14 October 2021 The Junta constituted itself as a revolutionary government Gobierno revolucionario de Costa Rica de 1948-49 es, suspended the 1871 Constitution, with the exception of the individual and social rights. It published several executive degrees with force of law repealing labor rights consecrated in the Labor Code, with the objective of firing calderonista and communist public employees.Contreras Gerardo ARNOLDO FERRETO SEGURA Y EL PARTIDO COMUNISTA DE COSTA RICA EN LA LUCHA POR LA SEGUNDA Y AUTÉNTICA INDEPENDENCIA NACIONAL Revista Estudios November 27, 2009 22 1 http://www.estudiosgenerales.ucr.ac.cr/estudios/no22/papers/iisec1.html https://web.archive.org/web/20131019225812/http://www.estudiosgenerales.ucr.ac.cr/estudios/no22/papers/iisec1.html 14 October 2021 2013-10-19 Contreras Gerardo Una lectura crítica a don José Figueres Ferrer. En torno a la Guerra Civil de 1948 y su papel en la Junta Fundadora de la Segunda República Diálogos Revista Electrónica August 2011 9 1 176 10.15517/dre.v9i1.6145 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28213227 14 October 2021 free 10669/19070 free Alleging the prevention of any potential rise of militarist tendencies looking to frustrate the consolidation of democracy, the Junta abolished the country's armed forces Abolición del ejército de Costa Rica es, keeping only a police force to keep national security. Ever since Costa Rica has had no army. Other policies enacted by the Junta include universal suffrage, allowing women, Afro-descendants and illiterates to vote. The Constituent Assembly of Costa Rica, elected in December, 1948 approved a new Constitution, based on the previous one but with several changes, after the first, more progressive draft was rejected.Aguilar Bulgarelli Óscar Costa Rica y sus hechos políticos de 1948 Problemática de una década 2004 EUNED San Pedro, Montes de Oca 9968-31-350-5 The new government agreed to maintain the calderonista social and economic reforms, causing discomfort with oligarchic and conservative sectors. Furthermore, Figueres' decision to nationalize all banks and a 10% wealth tax were controversial and led to a failed coup attempt by Public Security Minister Edgar Cardona Quirós, in what is now known as the Cardonazo es.Guerén Pablo Murió Edgar Cardona Quirós http://wvw.nacion.com/ln_ee/2001/enero/13/pais12.html La Nación, through Wayback Machine Grupo Nación https://web.archive.org/web/20150713001524/http://wvw.nacion.com/ln_ee/2001/enero/13/pais12.html 14 October 2021 2015-07-13 Results President José Figueres Ferrer National Liberation Party 123444 Fernando Castro Cervantes Democratic Party 67324 2330 4391 293678 Nohlen By province Province Figueres % Castro % San José Province San José 64.1 35.9 Alajuela 67.8 32.2 Cartago 75.0 25.0 Heredia 62.5 37.5 Puntarenas 58.4 41.6 Limón 54.4 45.6 Guanacaste 57.9 42.1 Total 64.7 35.3 Parliament File:Costa Rica Legislative Assembly 1953.svg National Liberation Party 114043 30 +27 Democratic Party 37322 11 New National Republican Party 12696 3 New National Union Party 12069 1 –34 #104AAE 13872 8268 0 293678 Nohlen By province Province PLN PD PRN PUN % S % S % S % S San José 64.710 11.42 17.33 6.61 Alajuela 67.86 26.42 -- 5.70 Cartago 75.55 18.21 -- 6.30 Heredia 62.22 31.11 -- 6.30 Puntarenas 59.13 36.02 -- 4.90 Limón 55.01 30.71 -- 14.30 Guanacaste 53.23 36.02 -- 10.80 Total 64.730 21.211 7.23 6.91 By canton San José Province PLN PRN PD PUN % % % % San José 57.46 22.47 11.44 8.63 Escazú 73.40 10.68 13.68 2.24 Desamparados 76.91 10.76 7.83 4.49 Puriscal 66.38 11.45 16.83 5.34 Tarrazú 71.46 8.02 12.79 7.74 Aserrí 70.72 12.01 11.95 5.32 Mora 67.85 18.52 9.77 3.86 Goicoechea 64.69 19.35 11.39 4.57 Santa Ana 71.19 11.78 14.15 2.89 Alajuelita 60.18 18.54 15.13 6.14 Vázquez de Coronado 79.23 9.87 5.55 5.35 Acosta 71.70 8.61 15.80 3.89 Tibás 67.43 19.77 9.21 3.60 Moravia 66.44 16.64 9.95 6.97 Montes de Oca 69.27 14.54 9.27 6.93 Turrubares 63.50 3.41 27.74 5.34 Dota 73.06 9.19 9.52 8.23 Curridabat 78.52 10.59 8.12 2.77 Pérez Zeledón 84.51 3.04 8.99 3.46 Total 64.70 17.35 11.40 6.55 Alajuela Province PLN PD PUN % % % Alajuela 64.77 30.75 4.48 San Ramón 68.53 19.28 12.19 Grecia 66.72 29.60 3.69 San Mateo 70.44 24.50 5.05 Atenas 68.07 20.91 11.02 Naranjo 77.94 18.62 3.44 Palmares 69.48 23.82 6.70 Poás 77.15 16.44 6.42 Orotina 57.80 39.16 3.04 San Carlos 67.07 28.74 4.19 Alfaro Ruiz 67.57 26.98 5.45 Valverde Vega 72.82 25.41 1.77 Total 67.81 26.45 5.74 Cartago Province PLN PD PUN % % % Cartago 77.45 15.65 6.91 Paraíso 67.86 16.67 12.47 La Unión 71.25 23.66 5.09 Jiménez 82.89 10.38 6.74 Turrialba 67.94 27.13 4.93 Alvarado 84.42 13.09 2.49 Oreamuno 87.48 6.35 6.17 El Guarco 81.08 17.68 1.24 Total 75.52 18.23 6.25 Heredia Province PLN PD PUN % % % Heredia 62.37 30.37 7.26 Barva 59.87 35.39 4.74 Santo Domingo 61.36 33.78 4.86 Santa Bárbara 66.16 27.55 6.28 San Rafael 63.99 27.26 8.75 San Isidro 68.64 27.75 3.61 Belén 60.94 36.45 2.61 Flores 61.77 27.76 10.47 Total 62.59 31.10 6.32 Guanacaste Province PLN PD PUN % % % Liberia 58.02 30.85 11.13 Nicoya 48.09 38.41 13.51 Santa Cruz 49.57 43.32 7.12 Bagaces 61.39 30.89 7.72 Carrillo 54.20 33.22 12.59 Cañas 49.16 46.90 3.94 Abangares 63.57 30.09 6.35 Tilarán 63.15 17.91 18.94 Total 53.25 35.97 10.79 Puntarenas Province PLN PD PUN % % % Puntarenas 62.64 34.22 3.15 Esparza 58.99 37.92 3.10 Buenos Aires 83.85 14.36 1.79 Montes de Oro 57.96 19.46 22.59 Osa 53.02 41.70 5.28 Aguirre 53.22 44.74 2.04 Golfito 54.92 35.31 9.77 Total 59.14 35.97 4.90 Limón Province PLN PD PUN % % % Limón 57.57 35.05 7.38 Pococí 53.61 17.35 29.04 Siquirres 45.54 34.84 19.62 Total 55.00 30.72 14.28 Local government Alderpeople Municipalsyndics National Liberation Party 115553 163 310 Democratic Party 42002 64 14 National Republican Party 10641 5 0 National Union Party 10636 5 0 #104AAE Turrialba Independent Union Party 103 0 0 #17C07D 19381 293678 TSEhttp://atlaselectoral.tse.go.cr/regiduria/1953/area Elecciones Regidurías 1953 es tse.go.cr Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones 21 May 2020 References Costa General Category:Parliamentary elections in Costa Rica Category:Presidential elections in Costa Rica