(120216) 2004 EW95

Plutino April 2020 yes #C2E0FF (120216) 2004 EW 95 120216-2004ew95 hst.jpg Hubble Space Telescope image of 2004 EW 95 taken in 2010 Kitt Peak Obs. 14 March 2004 (120216) 2004 EW 95 TNO plutino 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) 4847 days (13.27 yr) 2 52.590 AU Tm on on 26.975 AU Tm on 39.783 AU Tm on 0.32193 250.93 yr (91652 d) 29.234° 25.704° 359.95° 204.67° 0 291 km 0.04 (dark) Prominent water (H 2 O/"bowl" type)5 ~21.0 6.3 0.0039496 ms / day (n) 25.99 AU Tm on 21.69 AU Tm on 9 AU Tm on (120216) 2004 EW 95 is a resonant trans-Neptunian object in the Kuiper belt located in the outermost regions of the Solar System. It measures approximately 291 kilometers in diameter.St. Fleur Nicholas This Asteroid Shouldn't Be Where Astronomers Found It https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/10/science/asteroid-kuiper-belt.html 10 May 2018 The New York Times 11 May 2018 It has more carbon than typical of KBOs, and the first to be confirmed as having this composition in this region of space.https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180509081954.htm Exiled asteroid discovered in outer reaches of solar system: ESO telescopes find first confirmed carbon-rich asteroid in Kuiper Belt ScienceDaily 2018-11-01 en It is thought to have originated closer to the Sun, perhaps even in the main asteroid belt. Orbit thumb|200px|left|2004 EW 95 is currently well inside the orbit of Neptune. Like Pluto, 2004 EW 95 is classified as a plutino. It stays in a 2:3 resonance with Neptune. For every 2 orbits that a plutino makes, Neptune orbits 3 times. 2004 EW 95 is currently 27.0 AU from the Sun, and came to perihelion (q=26.98 AU) in April 2018. This means that this object is currently inside the orbit of the planet Neptune. Like Pluto, this plutino spends part of its orbit closer to the Sun than Neptune is even though their orbits are controlled by Neptune. (Plutinos Huya and (15875) 1996 TP 66 are even currently inside the orbit of Neptune.) Simulations by the Deep Ecliptic Survey (DES) show that over the next 10 million years 2004 EW 95 can acquire a perihelion distance (qmin) as small as 24.6 AU. It comes within 9 AU e9km unit on of Uranus and stays more than 21 AU from Neptune over a 14,000 year period. 2004 EW 95 has been observed 158 times with an observation arc of 13 years and has an orbit quality of 2. left Physical characteristics left|thumb|Artist's impression of the plutino and possible former C-type asteroid 2004 EW 95Exiled Asteroid Discovered in Outer Reaches of Solar System ESO telescopes find first confirmed carbon-rich asteroid in Kuiper Belt https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1814/ www.eso.org 12 May 2018 2004 EW 95 has a dark albedo of 0.04, giving it a diameter of about 291 km. Its reflectance spectrum bears striking resemblance to those of some hydrated C-type asteroids, indicating that this object possibly formed in the same environment as the C-type asteroids found today in the outer asteroid belt. thumb|left|Near-infrared spectra of three water ice-rich plutinos observed by JWST, including 2004 EW 95 in the top. Water and carbon dioxide ices are present in all three objects. Unlike the majority of small objects in the Kuiper belt observed so far, the visible spectrum of 2004 EW 95 has two features, each respectively associated with ferric oxides and phyllosilicates. The presence of a phyllosilicate feature in the spectrum of a minor planet indicates that the rocky component of its composition has been altered by the presence of liquid water at some point since its formation. For this to have occurred on 2004 EW 95 in its current orbit and at temperatures of ~35K, significant quantities of thermal energy would have been required. While this energy could have been delivered by a very large chance collision, the strong overall similarity between the modern C-type asteroids in the outer asteroid belt and 2004 EW 95 suggests that these objects formed in the same region of the early Sun's protoplanetary disk, much closer to the Sun and at higher temperatures. The Grand tack hypothesis predicts that the primitive C-type asteroids were dispersed from their formation location by the migrations of Jupiter and Saturn and many were injected into the outer asteroid belt where they are found today. By the same mechanism (and others that result from planetary formation), simulations show that C-types can also be thrown outward to the trans-Neptunian region, where later they may become captured into the mean-motion resonances of Neptune. See also List of trans-Neptunian objects List of exceptional asteroids References MPEC 2009-E53 :Distant Minor Planets (2009 MAR. 30.0 TT) 2009-03-11 Minor Planet Center http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/mpec/K09/K09E53.html 2009-03-24 Marc W. Buie Marc W. Buie last observation: 2009-05-26 using 44 observations Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 120216 SwRI (Space Science Department) http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/120216.html 2009-09-18 https://web.archive.org/web/20180201201434/http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/120216.html 2018-02-01 live last observation: 2015-06-19 JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 120216 (2004 EW95) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=120216 7 April 2016 22 August 2008 List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects Johnston's Archive Wm. Robert Johnston http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html 2009-03-24 https://web.archive.org/web/20090415103827/http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html 15 April 2009 live AstDys (120216) 2004EW95 Ephemerides Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.0&n=2004EW95 2009-03-24 https://web.archive.org/web/20120227085449/http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.0&n=2004EW95 2012-02-27 live MPEC 2004-H77 : 2004 EW95 2004-04-26 Minor Planet Center http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/mpec/K04/K04H77.html 2009-03-24 Seccull Tom Fraser Wesley C. Puzia Thomas H. Brown Michael E. Schönebeck Frederik 2004 EW95: A phyllosilicate bearing carbonaceous asteroid in the Kuiper Belt The Astrophysical Journal 855 2 L26 2018 10.3847/2041-8213/aab3dc 1801.10163 2018ApJ...855L..26S 51688469 free Fornasier S. Lantz C. Barucci M. A. Lazzarin M. Aqueous alteration on main belt primitive asteroids: Results from visible spectroscopy Icarus 233 163–178 2014 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.01.040 1402.0175 2014Icar..233..163F 119234996 Rubin Alan E. Petrologic evidence for collisional heating of chondritic asteroids Icarus 113 1 156–167 1995 10.1006/icar.1995.1013 1995Icar..113..156R Walsh Kevin J. Morbidelli Alessandro Raymond Sean N. O'Brien David P. Mandell Avi M. A low mass for Mars from Jupiter's early gas-driven migration Nature 475 206 206–209 2011 10.1038/nature10201 2011Natur.475..206W 1201.5177 21642961 4431823 Raymond Sean N. Izidoro Andre Origin of water in the inner Solar System: Planetesimals scattered inward during Jupiter and Saturn's rapid gas accretion Icarus 297 134–148 2017 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.06.030 1707.01234 2017Icar..297..134R 119031134 Mommert M. Harris A. W. Kiss C. Pál A. Santos-Sanz P. Stansberry J. Delsanti A. Vilenius E. Müller T. G. Peixinho N. Lellouch E. Szalai N. Henry F. Duffard R. Fornasier S. Hartogh P. Mueller M. Ortiz J. L. Protopapa S. Rengel M. Thirouin A. TNOs are cool: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region V. Physical characterization of 18 Plutinos using Herschel-PACS observations Astronomy and Astrophysics 541 A93 A93 2012 10.1051/0004-6361/201118562 1202.3657 2012A&A...541A..93M etal Noemí Pinilla-Alonso Rosario Brunetto Mário N. De Prá Bryan J. Holler Elsa Hénault Ana Carolina de Souza Feliciano A JWST/DiSCo-TNOs portrait of the primordial Solar System through its trans-Neptunian objects https://hal.science/hal-04961629v1/file/s41550-024-02433-2.pdf Nature Astronomy December 2024 9 2 230–244 10.1038/s41550-024-02433-2 2025NatAs...9..230P 274932942 External links 120216 1801.10163 10.3847/2041-8213/aab3dc 2004 EW95: A Phyllosilicate-bearing Carbonaceous Asteroid in the Kuiper Belt The Astrophysical Journal 855 2 L26 2018 Seccull Tom Fraser Wesley C. Puzia Thomas H. Brown Michael E. Schönebeck Frederik 2018ApJ...855L..26S 51688469 free 120215 Kevinberry 120216 (120216) 2004 EW 95 120216 120216 20040314