2005 Tarapacá earthquake

Earthquake in northern Chile 2005 Tarapacá earthquake 2005-06-13 22:44:33 usp000dsw1 Iglesia de Tarapacá tras terremoto de 2005.jpg The damaged church of San Lorenzo de Tarapacá after the earthquake 7143508 South America 2005 6 13 18:44:33 CLT (UTC-4) w y 7.8 115.6 km mi Chile, Bolivia, Peru 9–10 Yes US$40 million (equivalent to $US 40 2005 1 c million in US) 19.987 S 69.197 W source:eswiki_region:CL dms inline, title 11 dead, 200 injured 2,000 (by July 2005) 0.792 g On June 13, 2005, at 22:44:33 CLT, a w y 7.8 earthquake struck near Mamiña, in northern Chile about 125 km east-northeast of Iquique, affecting the Tarapacá and Arica y Parinacota Regions, as well as adjacent parts of Bolivia and Peru. It had a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) to X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The earthquake killed at least 11 people, injured 200 others and damaged or destroyed over 9,300 houses. The towns of Huara and Tarapacá were almost completely destroyed, and other towns in the epicentral were largely heavily damaged. Tectonic setting Chile lies above the destructive plate boundary, where the Nazca Plate is being subducted beneath the South American Plate. In the Tarapacá region the plates converge at a rate of 78 mm per year. This boundary is associated with many large earthquakes, both along the plate interface and within the subducting slab (Nazca Plate).M 7.8 - 102 km ENE of Iquique, Chile 2005 usp000dsw1 Earthquake The earthquake was an intermediate-depth event, with a hypocentral depth of 115.6 km mi. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) recorded a moment magnitude (w) of 7.8, while the National Seismological Center of the University of Chile put the magnitude at 7.9 on the Richter magnitude scale (l).12 February 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150212211658/https://www.sismologia.cl/events/sensibles/2005/06/13-2244-47L.S200506.html dead Informe de Sismo https://www.sismologia.cl/events/sensibles/2005/06/13-2244-47L.S200506.html 13 June 2005 6 July 2026 Centro Sismológico Nacional Its epicenter was located in the commune of Pozo Almonte in Tamarugal Province, Tarapacá Region, 10 km mi east-northeast of Mamiña and 102 km mi east-northeast of Iquique. The focal mechanism corresponded to normal faulting, with a rupture on either a steep-dipping, north-striking fault or on a shallow-dipping, south-striking fault. Of these two possible fault orientations, finite-fault modeling of globally recorded seismic data is more consistent with slip on the south-striking fault. A rupture area of 110 km mi x 70 km mi was estimated, extending from Chiapa in the north to Pica in the south, with a maximum slip of 7.528 m ft at the epicenter. The observed source time function gives a 120 second duration for the earthquake, with the greatest phase of seismic moment release occurring about 40 seconds after initiation. Approximately 2,000 aftershocks were detected within a month of the earthquake.Terremoto Tarapacá 6 July 2005 Ministerio de Educación es https://emergenciaydesastres.mineduc.cl/terremoto-tarapaca/ On the Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MMI), a maximum intensity of IX–X (Violent–Extreme) was estimated in the towns of Huara, Tarapacá and Pachica,Earthquake Engineering Research Institute November 2005 Learning from Earthquakes 6 July 2026 Intensities and Damage Distribution in the June 2005 Tarapacá, Chile, Earthquake https://www.eeri.org/lfe/pdf/chile_tarapaca_intens_dam_distribution.pdf while in Bolivia, a maximum intensity of MMI VIII (Severe) was felt in the Salar de Uyuni salt flat. The MMI also reached VI–VII (Strong–Very strong) in Iquique, Calama and Tocopilla, V (Moderate) in Arica, and IV–V (Light–Moderate) in Arequipa and Tacna, Peru. A maximum peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.792 g was recorded at Pica.http://terremotos.ing.uchile.cl/registros/110 Registros Terremoto de Tarapacá 7.9 Mw, 13/06/2005 es terremotos.ing.uchile.cl Impact The earthquake killed 11 people, including a family of six who where killed after a boulder struck their vehicle near Iquique, three in Huara and two in Pozo Almonte. In addition, more than 200 others were injured, 550 homes were destroyed and 8,800 more were damaged in northern Chile.https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/7DA4784D018280FBC125706D004B6591-ocha-gen-16sep.pdf Natural Disaster Highlights No.2 - August 2005 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs August 2005 5 27 August 2018 Parts of southern Peru and western Bolivia were also affected. Adobe houses throughout the Andes were particularly affected, with more than 80% destroyed in some villages. The towns of Huara and Tarapacá were the worst-affected, with almost all homes destroyed. Economic losses amounted to 40 million. Despite Chile's abundance of earthquake-resistant structures, many homes in the epicentral region were constructed with lower-quality materials, such as adobe and unreinforced masonry, with led to many of them collapsing completely. Landslides were also widespread, primarily near the epicenter and coastal areas. Almost all churches were damaged in areas exposed to strong shaking, even in communities that remained otherwise largely unscathed by the earthquake. Partial or complete structural collapses occurred at churches in Huara, Iquique, Pozo Almonte, Camiña, Moquella, Chiapa, Sibaya, Mocha, Pachica.Earthquake Engineering Research Institute 6 July 2026 Daños causados por el terremoto del 13 de Junio de 2005 - En las iglesias de la Región de Tarapacá https://www.eeri.org/lfe/pdf/chile_tarapaca_espanol.pdf es The earthquake left 30 electric substations out of service, which cut off water supply to the epicentral area. Transportation infrastructure in the region was also severely damaged, primarily due to landslides throughout the Tarapacá Region, including a few blocking sections of the Pan-American Highway.https://www.eeri.org/lfe/pdf/Chile_Tarapaca_Rondinel_report.pdf The June 13th, 2005, Mw 7.8 Tarapacá (Chile) Earthquake Rondinel-Oviedo E.A. 2018-08-27 In Iquique, the breakwater at the city's port was severely damaged, while damage elsewhere in the city was relatively minor, although some houses and shopfronts collapsed. The Chilean Red Cross building received minor infrastructural damage and loss of equipment.https://reliefweb.int/report/chile/chile-earthquake-information-bulletin-n-3 Chile: Earthquake - Information Bulletin n° 3 International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies 27 July 2005 27 August 2018 In southern Peru, approximately 30 homes were damaged and adobe walls collapsed in the department of Tacna. A large landslide blocked a highway connecting Tacna to Palca District, with rockfalls blocking other roads in the area. The department of Moquegua recorded minor damage to buildings and a few rockfalls blocking roads along the Ilo-Desaguadero highway and tunnels along the Pan-American Highway. Aftermath Initial efforts concentrated on repairing infrastructure affected by the earthquake. By June 2006 the government reported that most of the repairs to roads and irrigation canals were complete, but that, although work had started on repairing houses and schools.https://reliefweb.int/report/chile/chile-presidenta-anuncia-medidas-para-acelerar-plan-de-reconstrucci%C3%B3n-de-tarapac%C3%A1 Chile: Presidenta anuncia medidas para acelerar Plan de Reconstrucción de Tarapacá Government of Chile ReliefWeb June 2006 Spanish 27 August 2018 The effects of this earthquake on pregnant women were used to investigate the effects of acute stress on child development. The results showed that amongst poorer families, children affected by the earthquake in utero were at least six months behind in cognitive development seven years later compared to their peers in a control group in areas unaffected by the earthquake.https://news.stanford.edu/2018/08/14/inequalities-prenatal-stress/ Acute stress in utero has negative effects later in life among poor children, Stanford sociologist finds De Witte M. August 2018 27 August 2018 See also 2007 Tocopilla earthquake 2007 Aysen Fjord earthquake 2007 Peru earthquake Great Chilean earthquake List of earthquakes in 2005 List of earthquakes in Chile List of earthquakes in Peru References External links 7143508 eq-2005-000088-chl Tarapaca 2005 Tarapacá Tarapaca Category:History of Tarapacá Region Tarapacá earthquake Taracapa earthquake