1 Chronicles 25

First Book of Chronicles, chapter 25 1 Chronicles 25 1 Chronicles 24 chapter 24 1 Chronicles 26 chapter 26 Books of Chronicles Old Testament 13 Ketuvim Leningrad-codex-14-chronicles.pdf 250px The complete Hebrew text of the Books of Chronicles (1 and 2 Chronicles) in the Leningrad Codex (1008 CE). 1 Chronicles 25 is the twenty-fifth chapter of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Chronicles in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Ackroyd 1993 113Mathys 2007 268 The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE.Ackroyd 1993 113–114 This chapter records the organization and departments of Levite temple musicians, from three main families (verses 1–19) and the drawing of lots to allocate individual musicians' duties (verses 20–31).Mathys 2007 280 The whole chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingship of David (1 Chronicles 9:35 to 29:30),Ackroyd 1993 113 which from chapter 22 to the end does not have parallel in 2 Samuel.Mathys 2007 279 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language. It is divided into 31 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 Extant manuscripts of a Koine Greek translation known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE, include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).Würthwein 1995 73–74The extant Codex Sinaiticus only contains 1 Chronicles 9:27–19:17.Würthwein Ernst Der Text des Alten Testaments Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft 2nd Stuttgart 1988 85 3-438-06006-XSwete Henry Barclay Henry Barclay Swete An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek Macmillan and Co. Cambridge 1902 https://archive.org/stream/anintrotooldtes00swetuoft#page/128/mode/2up 129–130Codex Sinaiticus Three families of musicians (25:1–6) This section details the organization of the temple musicians who strictly belonged to the Levites (1 Chronicles 23:30–31; cf. 1 Chronicles 15:16–24; 16:4–6). There were three main musician families: Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman, whose members would be organized into divisions.Mathys 2007 280 After returning from exile in Babylon occasionally all musicians are regarded as descendants of Asaph (Ezra 2:41; 3:10; Nehemiah 7:44). Nehemiah 11:17 and 1 Chronicles 9:15-16 mention both Asaph and Jeduthun, whereas a 'third tradition' speaks of three musicians comprising Asaph, Heman, and Ethan (1 Chronicles 6:44; 15:17,19). The similar way of writing both names helps the identification of Jeduthun and Ethan. The order of Asaph, Jeduthun, Heman probably reflects an older hierarchy, but the tone in this passage elevates the family of Heman as the largest ('according to the promise of God to exalt him', verse 5).Mathys 2007 280 The musician families are introduced with their duties, such as to prophecy (verses 1–3), and instruments, that their singing, playing, and the content of their psalms or music, can be viewed as in 1 Samuel 10:5 and 2 Kings 3:15 as emphasizing the 'close relationship between music and prophecy'.Mathys 2007 281 In 2 Chronicles 29:25 David gave an order, which was supported by two prophets (Gad and Nathan), to confirm permanent office of these Levites as temple musicians.Mathys 2007 281 Allusions to song and music as a kind of prophecy (verses 1–3; cf. 2 Chronicles 24:19–22) may be related to the tradition of regarding David as a 'prophet who composed the psalms through divine inspiration'.Coogan 2007 611–612 Hebrew Bible Verse 1 Moreover David and the captains of the host separated to the service of the sons of Asaph, and of Heman, and of Jeduthun, who should prophesy with harps, with psalteries, and with cymbals: and the number of the workmen according to their service was:1 Chronicles 25:1 KJV KJV "The captains of the host": is understood as 'those who superintended the order of temple worship' (1 Chronicles 22:17; 1 Chronicles 23:2; 1 Chronicles 24:6; cf. Numbers 4:3; Numbers 8:23).Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "1 Chronicles 25". In: The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019. As a part of David's 'governmental apparatus', these officers (also interpreted as the 'leaders of the army') have a say in the organization of the singers.Coogan 2007 612 Hebrew Bible The term "host" or "army" refers to a rank for the Levites, an expression adopted from Numbers 4, for example, whereas 1 Chronicles 15:16 9 uses 'chiefs of the Levites', who 'select the musicians for their office'.Mathys 2007 281 Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun belonged respectively to the Gershon, Kohath, and Merarite families (1 Chronicles 6:18–32 9), which are the three branches of Levites. Verse 5 All these were the sons of Heman the king’s seer in the words of God, to exalt his horn. For God gave Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.1 Chronicles 25:5 NKJV NKJV "Seer": from Hebrew hōzèh, literally "gazer". Gad was called "David’s seer" in 1 Chronicles 21:9, whereas Jeduthun was called "the king’s seer" in 2 Chronicles 35:15 (in LXX: together with Asaph and Heman).Mathys 2007 281 The word rendered “seer” in 1 Chronicles 26:28 and 1 Samuel 9:9 is different (Hebrew: rō’èh).Ellicott, C. J. (Ed.) (1905). Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers. 1 Chronicles 25. London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905-1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed 28 April 2019. "Exalt his horn": means "increase his power or influence".Note on 1 Chronicles 25:5 in NKJV Twenty-four divisions of musicians (25:7–31) The allocation of 24 divisions of musicians resembles that of the priest, suggesting that 'sacrifice and music are closely intertwined' (cf. 23:29–30), but, unlike the priests, none of the names in the list can be proved to have existed in other texts.Mathys 2007 280 Four divisions from the family of Asaph (numbers 1, 3, 5, 7), six from the family of Jeduthun (numbers 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14), and 14 from the family of Heman (numbers 6, 9, 11, 13, 15–24). From the result it can be deduced that the lots were not placed separately by family, but all lots were placed in one urn, so after the lots of Asaph and Jeduthun were drawn, only sons of Heman remained.Keil, Carl Friedrich; Delitzsch, Franz. Commentary on the Old Testament (1857-1878). 1 Chronicles 25. Accessed 24 Juni 2018. Each of the 24 musical divisions has 12 members (24 x 12 = 288).Mathys 2007 281 Verse 8 And they cast lots for their duty, the small as well as the great, the teacher with the student.1 Chronicles 25:8 NKJV NKJV "Cast lots": A lottery is held to determine the 24 divisions (or "courses") of the musicians (or "singers"), as with the priests (1 Chronicles 24:5) and other Levites (1 Chronicles 24:31).Mathys 2007 281Coogan 2007 612 Hebrew Bible "The teacher with the student": rendered in LXX as grc τελείων καὶ μανθανόντων, "the initiated and the learners". “The teacher” can also mean “the skilful” as in 1 Chronicles 25:7 (the same Hebrew word).Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. 1 Chronicles 25. Accessed 28 April 2019. List of temple musician divisions Verse DivisionEnglish name Family Note 1 Chronicles 25:9 9 91st JosephAsaph2nd GedaliahJeduthun 1 Chronicles 25:10 9 103rd Zaccur Asaph 1 Chronicles 25:11 9 114th IzriJeduthunZeri (he צְרִ֡י) in 1 Chronicles 25:3 1 Chronicles 25:12 9 125th NethaniahAsaphliterally "Nethanyahu" (he נְתַנְיָ֔הוּ; cf. 1 Chronicles 25:2 he נְתַנְיָ֥ה, "Nethaniah") 1 Chronicles 25:13 9 136th JesharelahHemanAsarelah (he אֲשַׂרְאֵ֖לָה) in 1 Chronicles 25:2 1 Chronicles 25:14 9 147th BukkiahAsaph 1 Chronicles 25:15 9 158th JeshaiahJeduthun 1 Chronicles 25:16 9 169th MattaniahHeman 1 Chronicles 25:17 9 1710th Shimei Jeduthun 1 Chronicles 25:18 9 1811th AzareelHemanUzziel in 1 Chronicles 25:4 (like the king's names Uzziah in 1 Chronicles 3:12 and Azariah in 2 Chronicles 26:1) 1 Chronicles 25:19 9 1912th HashabiahJeduthunHashabyahu (he חֲשַׁבְיָ֨הוּ) in 1 Chronicles 25:3 1 Chronicles 25:20 9 2013th ShubaelHemanShebuel in 1 Chronicles 25:4 (cf. 1 Chronicles 23:16 with 1 Chronicles 24:20) 1 Chronicles 25:21 9 2114th MattithiahJeduthunOther that Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman, in this list only the name "Mattithiah" recurs elsewhere (1 Chronicles 15:18, 1 Chronicles 15:21) 1 Chronicles 25:22 9 2215th JeremothHemanJerimoth in 1 Chronicles 25:4 1 Chronicles 25:23 9 2316th HananiahHemanliterally, "Hananyahu" (he חֲנַנְיָ֔הוּ); cf 1 Chronicles 25:4 (he חֲנַנְיָ֣ה, "Hananiah") 1 Chronicles 25:24 9 2417th JoshbekashahHeman 1 Chronicles 25:25 9 2518th HananiHeman 1 Chronicles 25:26 9 2619th MallothiHeman 1 Chronicles 25:27 9 2720th EliathahHemanSpelled as he אֱלִיָּ֔תָה; cf. he אֱלִיאָ֤תָה in 1 Chronicles 25:4 1 Chronicles 25:28 9 2821st HothirHeman 1 Chronicles 25:29 9 2922nd GiddaltiHeman 1 Chronicles 25:30 9 3023rd MahaziothHeman 1 Chronicles 25:31 9 3124th RomamtiezerHeman See also 22em Psalms of Asaph Psalms of David Jerusalem Solomon's Temple Bible Related Bible parts: Numbers 4, Numbers 8, Numbers 16, Deuteronomy 10, 1 Chronicles 6, 1 Chronicles 23, 1 Chronicles 24, Ezra 10 Notes References Sources Ackroyd Peter R Chronicles, Books of Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible Oxford University Press 1993 978-0195046458 113–116 Bennett William The Expositor's Bible: The Books of Chronicles Litres 2018 978-5040825196 https://books.google.com/books?id=SZo3DwAAQBAJ Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 9780195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Endres John C. First and Second Chronicles Liturgical Press 2012 https://books.google.com/books?id=mtL0BSEv7i4C 9780814628447 Hill Andrew E. First and Second Chronicles Zondervan 2003 https://books.google.com/books?id=Sv-LEqnF8Y4C 9780310206101 Mabie Frederick I. The Chronicler's Genealogical Survey of All Israel 1 and 2 Chronicles The Expositor's Bible Commentary Tremper Longman III David E Garland Zondervan 2017 267–308 978-0310531814 https://books.google.com/books?id=E8ESDgAAQBAJ December 6, 2019 Mathys H. P. 14. 1 and 2 Chronicles The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 267–308 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Tuell Steven S. First and Second Chronicles Westminster John Knox Press 2012 978-0664238650 https://books.google.com/books?id=8RKvdfWsmvEC December 30, 2020 Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament William B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Divrei Hayamim I - I Chronicles - Chapter 25 (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) First Book of Chronicles Chapter 25. Bible Gateway 25