2015–16 UK and Ireland windstorm season

none June 2021 12 November 2015 28 March 2016 Frank — 928 hPa inHg on 106 mph km/h kn on The Needles Old Battery, United Kingdom. (28 March) 11 ≥ £3.657 billion (≥ €4.047 billion) 7 2013–2014 (Europe) 2016–17 The 2015–16 UK and Ireland windstorm season was the first instance of the United Kingdom's Met Office and Ireland's Met Éireann naming extratropical cyclones. The season started on 10 November with the naming of Storm Abigail and ended on 28 March with the dissipation of Storm Katie. With a total of eleven named storms, the 2015–16 season is the most active to date. Storms are named when they are forecast to cause hazards due to high winds by either organisation. The season is most notable for the amount of rainfall which fell over the UK and Ireland, causing the 2015–16 Great Britain and Ireland floods; most of which is attributed to Storms Desmond, Eva and Frank. Its strongest low-altitude gusts to hit land came from storms Gertrude and Katie – on 29 January, Gertrude's 105 mph km/h kn on at Lerwick, Shetland Islands, Scotland and Katie's 106 mph km/h kn on on 28 March at The Needles Old Battery, the narrow western tip of the Isle of Wight, England. The season preceded the 2016–17 UK and Ireland windstorm season. Background Winter storm naming in the United Kingdom and Ireland thumb|400px|right|Storm names Earlier in 2015, the Met Office and Met Éireann announced a pilot project to name wind storms and asked the public for suggestions. The full list of names for 2015, common to both the UK and Ireland, chosen for future selection are:https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34578310 Nigel and Steve among new storm names BBC News 10 November 2015 20 October 2015 Abigail (12–13 November 2015) Barney (17–18 November 2015) Clodagh (29 November 2015) Desmond (4–6 December 2015) Eva (23–24 December 2015) Frank (29–30 December 2015) Gertrude (29 January 2016) Henry (1–2 February 2016) Imogen (7–8 February 2016) Jake (2 March 2016) Katie (28 March 2016) Lawrence Mary Nigel Orla Phil Rhonda Steve Tegan Vernon Wendy A storm will be named when it is deemed able to have a "substantial" impact on the UK or Ireland. They will be taken from the list, in alphabetical order, alternating between male and female names – the same naming convention used by the United States for tropical cyclones. In the case of storms resulting from ex-tropical storms and hurricanes, the original name allocated by the US National Hurricane Center will be used. Met Éireann name any storm which triggers a status orange or red weather warning for wind. The basis for such as outlined on their weather warning service are mean wind speeds in excess of 80 km/h mph kn or gusts over 130 km/h mph kn.Met Éireann Weather Warning System Explained http://www.met.ie/nationalwarnings/warnings-explained.asp Met Éireann 2 January 2016 Similarly, the Met Office name storms that have the potential to cause medium (orange) or high (red) impacts to the UK. It describes the wind strength relative to observations such as "falling trees or tiles and other items like garden furniture being blown around."25 January 2016 When would we name a storm? Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uE7l6UkPFM 29 January 2016 The Met Office Seasonal summary Comparison of strongest gusts associated with each storm in the UK and Ireland. http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-abigail Storm Abigail Met Office 17 November 2015 18 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151118040118/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-abigail deadhttp://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-barney Storm Barney Met Office 10 December 2015 22 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151122000037/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-barney deadhttp://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-clodagh Storm Clodagh Met Office 1 December 2015 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208141127/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-clodagh deadhttp://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-desmond Storm Desmond Met Office 4 December 2015 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208111030/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-desmond deadhttp://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-eva Storm Eva Met Office 23 December 2015 24 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151224052951/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-eva dead Storms Storm Abigail Abigail Abigail 2015 track.png Abigail Nov 12 2015 1155Z.jpg MODIS image of Abigail on 12 November 2015 12–13 NovemberThe Met Office 8 January 2016 13 January 2016 UK Storm Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre 3 October 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161003175919/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre deadClimatology and Observations Division Twitter page https://twitter.com/METclimate/status/671715240309035008 Met Éireann Climatology and Observations Division 14 January 2016 84 mph km/h kn on (South Uist, Outer Hebrides) 964 hPa inHg onOcean Prediction Center NOAA 2015 17 November 2015 East Atlantic Surface Analysis 00Z 13 November 2015 http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20151113/atle.sfcanal.00.2015111302.gifNovember 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes 0 20,000BBC News 13 November 2015 16 November 2015 Storm Abigail: All power supplies 'to be restored overnight' https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-34794583 Unknown Storm Abigail Abigail was the first storm to be officially named (jointly) by the Met Office and Met Éireann on 10 November 2015.Met Éireann and the UK Met Office release list of winter storm names http://www.met.ie/news/display.asp?ID=353 Met Éireann 13 November 2015 10–13 November 2015http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2015/storm-Abigail Met Office officially names Abigail as first storm Met Office 10 November 2015 10–12 November 2015 The Free University of Berlin named the cyclone Frank.Analysis http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Prognose_20151111.gif 28 November 2015 Free University of Berlin 11 November 2015 11 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151111235554/http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Prognose_20151111.gif dead A Met Office yellow warning for wind was issues to all of Scotland on 11 November; with amber warnings for the Western Isles, north west Highlands, parts of Argyll and Orkney.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-34786322 Storm Abigail: Weather warning upgraded to amber BBC News 11 November 2015 11 November 2015 Initial forecasts on 12 November from a Chief Meteorologist at the Met Office warned of wind gusts widely reaching 60 and 80 to 90 mph km/h kn on in exposed locations. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency also warned of the risk of flooding due to the storm, as the weather system was anticipated to create a storm surge along the south-west and west coast, due to coincidence with a high tide.http://www.scotsman.com/news/transport/schools-shut-ferries-cancelled-by-storm-abigail-1-3946243 Schools shut, ferries cancelled by Storm Abigail The Scotsman 12 November 2015 12–14 November 2015 Alastair Dalton Abigail brought high winds, rain, lightning, and wintry showers across the north and northwest of Scotland.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-34777673 Storm Abigail: First of Met Office's named storms to batter Scotland BBC News 10 November 2015 10 November 2015 On 12 November, local ferries were affected by bad weather with many services cancelled. It was announced that every school in the Western Isles and Shetland were to be closed to pupils on 13 November.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-34794583 Storm Abigail: Schools to be closed and ferries cancelled BBC News 13 November 2015 13 November 2015 The storm left more than 20,000 homes without power, according to energy company SSE.http://news.ssepd.co.uk/news/all-articles/2015/11/storm-abigail-afternoon-update/ Storm Abigail latest SSE plc 14 November 2015 13 November 2015 17 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023302/http://news.ssepd.co.uk/news/all-articles/2015/11/storm-abigail-afternoon-update/ dead Storm Barney Barney Barney 2015 track.png Barney Nov 17 2015 1215Z.jpg MODIS image of Barney on 17 November 2015 17–18 NovemberClimatology and Observations Division Twitter page https://twitter.com/METclimate/status/671715337205862400 Met Éireann Climatology and Observations Division 14 January 2016 85 mph km/h kn on (Aberdaron, Gwynedd)http://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2015/11/18/storm-barney-highest-wind-speeds/ Storm Barney highest wind speeds Met Office 18 November 2015 18 November 2015 980 hPa inHg onOcean Prediction Center NOAA 2015 17 November 2015 East Atlantic Surface Analysis 12Z 17 November 2015 http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20151117/atle.sfcanal.12.2015111714.gifDecember 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes 0 26,000https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34834799 Storm Barney: Thousands still without power after 85mph winds BBC News 18 November 2015 18 November 2015 ≥ £179 million (≥ €198 million)http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20151208-if-november-global-recap.pdf Global Catastrophe Recap - November 2015 Aon Benfield Inc. A yellow warning for wind was issued by the Met Office for Wales, along with southern, central and eastern England, with gusts of 70 to 80 mph km/h kn on expected on 17 November.Storm Barney http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2015/wind-storm-barney Met Office 16 November 2015 16–17 November 2015 It affected Ireland, Wales, southern and eastern England and the Midlands, where thousands of homes lost power and rail services were disrupted.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34854894 Republic of Ireland: 15,000 homes still without power after storms BBC News 18 November 2015 18 November 2015 The storm was named Heini by the Free University of Berlin adopt-a-vortex scheme.Analysis http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20151116.gif 28 November 2015 Free University of Berlin 16 November 2015 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204507/http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20151116.gif dead Storm Clodagh Clodagh Clodagh 2015 track.png Clodagh Nov 30 2015.png MODIS image of Clodagh on 30 November 29 NovemberClimatology and Observations Division Twitter page https://twitter.com/METclimate/status/671715442612764672 Met Éireann Climatology and Observations Division 14 January 2016 16,000 968 hPa inHg onMet Office Met Office 2015 30 November 2015 Met Office Analysis Chart for 06Z November 30, 2015 http://www2.wetter3.de/Archiv/UKMet/15113006_UKMet_Analyse.gif 97 mph km/h kn on(High Bradfield, South Yorkshire)http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/summaries/2015/november November 2015 Met Office ≥ £8 million (≥ €9 million) 0 The Met Office issued a statement on 26 November saying that despite a prediction of windy weather in the coming days, the weather system was unlikely to become a named storm. On 28 November, Met Éireann upgraded its warnings and named the storm Clodagh.Windy this weekend, but Storm Clodagh looks unlikely http://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2015/11/26/windy-but-storm-clodagh-looks-unlikely-this-weekend/ 28 November 2015 Met Office 28 November 2015 The Danish Meteorological Institute christened the low as Gorm on the same evening.Marianne Brandt Stormen hedder Gorm http://www.dmi.dk/nyheder/arkiv/nyheder-2015/11/stormen-hedder-gorm/ 28 November 2015 Danish Meteorological Institute 28 November 2015 da https://web.archive.org/web/20151202050301/http://www.dmi.dk/nyheder/arkiv/nyheder-2015/11/stormen-hedder-gorm/ 2 December 2015 deadGrusomme Gorm blev til orkan: Brager gennem Sjælland http://ekstrabladet.dk/nyheder/samfund/vejret/grusomme-gorm-blev-til-orkan-brager-gennem-sjaelland/5850080 29 November 2015 Ekstrabladet 29 November 2015 da The Free University of Berlin named the low Nils II. In the UK and Ireland, Clodagh's impact was most severe in Ireland and North West England. In the Republic of Ireland 6,000 people were left without power.http://www.irishtimes.com/news/environment/storm-clodagh-brings-power-cuts-and-difficult-road-conditions-1.2447737 Storm Clodagh brings power cuts and difficult road conditions 29 November 2015 The Irish Times In Northwest England 10,000 customers were without power.http://www.enwl.co.uk/news-and-press/latest-news/2015/11/29/29-11-15-severe-weather-engineers-working-to-restore-power-%2818-30-update%29 29/11/15: Severe weather: Engineers working to restore power (18:30 update) 7 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20160121211134/http://www.enwl.co.uk/news-and-press/latest-news/2015/11/29/29-11-15-severe-weather-engineers-working-to-restore-power-(18-30-update) 21 January 2016 dead It also caused disruption to transport in the North of England and Scotland. Storm Desmond Storm Desmond Desmond Desmond 2015 track.png Desmond Dec 5, 2015.png MODIS image of Desmond on 5 December 4–6 DecemberClimatology and Observations Division Twitter page https://twitter.com/METclimate/status/673903095445913600 Met Éireann Climatology and Observations Division 14 January 2016 81 mph km/h kn on (Capel Curig, Conwy)Met Office 6 December 2015 6 December 2015 Wind and rain records for Storm Desmond http://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2015/12/06/wind-and-rain-records-for-storm-desmond/Erdman Jon Storm Desmond Lashes U.K., Ireland With Flooding, Winds Over 100 MPH; Taps Caribbean Moisture http://www.weather.com/news/news/storm-desmond-uk-ireland-scotland-december-2015 6 December 2015 Weather.com 6 December 2015 939 hPa inHg onOcean Prediction Center NOAA 2015 30 December 2015 East Atlantic Surface Analysis 00Z 5 December 2015 http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20151205/atle.sfcanal.00.2015120504.gifDecember 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes 3https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/weather/12036576/Storm-Desmond-UK-weather-Monday-live.html Storm Desmond: Met Office warns of more heavy rain and gale-force winds as clean-up continues 8 December 2015 Telegraph.co.ukhttp://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/tyrone-showband-era-star-ivan-swept-to-his-death-in-storm-desmond-floodwaters-34267995.html Tyrone showband era star Ivan swept to his death in Storm Desmond floodwaters BelfastTelegraph.co.uk 46,300http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/storm-desmond-hits-north-east-10553359 Storm Desmond hits North East RECAP: Corbridge homes evacuated and 70mph winds batter region Will Metcalfe 5 December 2015 nechronicle 6 December 2015https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-35014818 Storm Desmond hits UK BBC News 5 December 2015 5 December 2015http://www.irishtimes.com/news/environment/storm-desmond-floods-power-outages-and-travel-issues-across-ireland-1.2456003 The Irish Times 5 December 2015 5 December 2015 Floods, power outages and travel issues across Ireland ≥ £870 million (≥ €970 million)http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20160106-if-december-global-recap.pdf Global Catastrophe Recap - December 2015 Aon Benfield Inc. Desmond was the fourth storm to be officially named, with heavy rain and severe gales forecast for 5–6 December across Ireland and the north of the UK. On 4 December, the Met Office issued yellow warnings for wind and rain across most of the north of the UK and an amber warning for rain in parts of central and southern Scotland, Tayside and Fife.https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-south-scotland-35007372 Storm Desmond to bring heavy rain and strong winds 4 December 2015 4 December 2015 BBC News Met Éireann issued a status red rainfall warning for areas of Connacht, as well as counties Donegal, Clare and Kerry, with Clare County Council issuing a flood warning.Status Red warning as Storm Desmond approaches http://www.rte.ie/news/2015/1204/751237-weather/ 4 December 2015 RTÉ News 4 December 2015 On 5 December, the Met Office issued a red severe weather warning for rain in Cumbria.Dutton Liam Cumbria floods: when will the rain stop? http://blogs.channel4.com/liam-dutton-on-weather/cumbria-floods-rain-stop/9422 5 December 2015 Channel 4 News 5 December 2015 The Environment Agency had severe flood warnings in place for parts of the River Tyne in Northumberland and across Cumbria.Storm Desmond results in a red severe weather warning for rain in Cumbria http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2015/storm-desmond-red-warning 5 December 2015 Met Office 5 December 2015 The expected heavy rainfall was considered to be an extreme weather event by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute, who named it Synne.Fase C: Ekstremværet Synne er i gang http://www.met.no/Fase+C%3A+Ekstremv%C3%A6ret+Synne+er+i+gang.b7C_xdrW4s.ips 5 December 2015 4 December 2015 Norwegian Meteorological Institute noJune 2017 InternetArchiveBot yes The US National Weather Service Ocean Prediction Center tweeted that the heavy rain was due to Desmond pulling a plume of moist air across the Atlantic Ocean to Western Europe, a weather phenomenon known as an atmospheric river.NWSOPC 673164464687071233 5 December 2015 CIRA layered PW helps visualize #AtmosphericRiver; easy to see AR stretching from the Caribbean to Ireland/UK! #GRPG 5 December 2015 Approximately 1,000 people were evacuated from their homes in Hawick, Scottish Borders on 5 December, because the River Teviot flooded. Appleby and Keswick in the English county of Cumbria suffered blocked roads and some homes were evacuated; Cumbria Police declared the situation a "major incident". Homes left without electricity occurred in North Yorkshire (over 600) and in Wales (about 700); a further 2,000 people were without power in the Republic of Ireland. Landslides and flooding closed some main roads in Scotland and counties Down and Tyrone suffered road closures from fallen trees.Storm Desmond brings flooding and disruption to parts of UK https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35014745 5 December 2015 BBC News 5 December 2015 Storm Eva Storm Eva Eva Eva 2015 track.png Eva 23 December 2015.png MODIS image of Eva on 23 December 2015 23–24 DecemberClimatology and Observations Division Twitter page https://twitter.com/METclimate/status/685524409554235392 Met Éireann Climatology and Observations Division 14 January 2016 84 mph km/h kn on (Belmullet, County Mayo) 964 hPa inHg onOcean Prediction Center NOAA 2015 5 January 2016 East Atlantic Surface Analysis 12Z 24 December 2015 http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20151224/atle.sfcanal.12.2015122414.gifDecember 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes 3,000http://www.itv.com/news/calendar/update/2015-12-26/floods-latest-boxing-day-power-cuts-for-thousands-in-yorkshire/ Floods latest: Boxing Day power cuts for thousands in Yorkshire ITV News ≥ £2.0 billion (≥ €2.2 billion) 0 Eva was the fifth storm to be officially named by Met Éireann on 22 December 2015, with an orange wind warning being issued for counties Clare, Galway, Mayo, Sligo and Donegal. Gales were also expected in the northwest of the UK, with storm force winds over parts of the Outer Hebrides. There were fears that the storm could cause further disruption to Cumbria in England, where areas were already dealing with the aftermath of flooding from Storm Desmond and in some cases had been flooded twice already.Storm Eva brings fresh flooding fears for Cumbria https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cumbria-35166747 23 December 2015 BBC News 23 December 2015 The army and Environment Agency staff were called in to be on stand-by to bolster flood defences.Storm Eva: Cumbrians braced for further flood misery ITV News 24 December 2015 http://www.itv.com/news/2015-12-24/storm-eva-cumbrians-braced-for-further-flood-misery/ 10 January 2016 Rain associated with the passage of Eva caused further disruption when rivers burst their banks in the Cumbrian towns of Appleby, Keswick and Kendal on 22 December, with Appleby receiving three to four feet of flood water.Perring Rebecca Army on standby for flooding crisis as shock FIVE INCHES of rain to come with Storm Eva Express.co.uk 24 December 2015 http://www.express.co.uk/news/weather/629238/Storm-Eva-flooding-Christmas-weather-rain-armed-forces 10 January 2016 The village of Glenridding was badly flooded for the third time in the month.Glover Mike Further flooding worsens troubles for Cumbrian towns hit by Storm Desmond The Guardian 22 December 2015 https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/dec/22/further-flooding-cumbria-storm-desmond 24 December 2015 6000 houses in Ireland were left without power.Over 6,000 without power as Storm Eva hits RTÉ.ie 24 December 2015 http://www.rte.ie/news/2015/1223/755824-storm-eva-warnings/ 10 January 2016 Liz Truss convened a COBRA meeting to decide on emergency measures, which included the deployment of soldiers from the 2nd Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's RegimentFlood warnings as Britain is braced for torrential Boxing Day rain Isle of Man Today 29 December 2015 http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/flood-warnings-as-britain-is-braced-for-torrential-boxing-day-rain-1-7643218 10 January 2016June 2017 InternetArchiveBot yes to the affected areas.Flooded Cumbrian families are facing further misery on Christmas Day The Independent 23 December 2015 https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/storm-eva-flooded-cumbrian-families-face-prospect-of-christmas-day-washout-a6784926.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/storm-eva-flooded-cumbrian-families-face-prospect-of-christmas-day-washout-a6784926.html 1 May 2022 subscription live 10 January 2016 On 24 December, flood defence gates were closed in Carlisle, Keswick and Cockermouth to limit the damage of rainfall and 20 water pumps and two kilometres of temporary flood barriers were transported to northern England.Storm poses Christmas Day flooding threat for thousands of homes Bradford Telegraph and Argus 24 December 2015 http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/national/14164928.Storm_poses_Christmas_Day_flooding_threat_for_thousands_of_homes/ 10 January 2016 Ferries operating between Dublin and Holyhead were cancelled due to bad weather on the Irish Sea.March 2020 The media widely reported Storm Eva as being responsible for the flooding which occurred in Lancashire and Yorkshire on 25–27 December 2015. However, communications from the Met Office indicated that Eva's only direct impact on the UK was strong winds and a band of rain during 23–24 December 2015. By 26 December Storm Eva was located over the far north of Norway. The persistent heavy rain from 25 to 27 December was caused by a subsequent slow moving depression and frontal zone.Surface pressure chart 0000 UTC 26 December 2015 Met Office 26 December 2015 http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/image/6/c/Surface_Pressure_Chart_261215.gif 7 January 2016 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053207/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/image/6/c/Surface_Pressure_Chart_261215.gif 4 March 2016Records smashed during mild, wet December Met Office 31 December 2015 http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2015/early-dec-stats 7 January 2016 Despite red warnings for rain being issued by the Met Office on 26 December 2015, no name was given to this depression since there were no warnings issued for wind. Storm Frank Frank Frank 2015 track.png Frank 29 December 2015.png MODIS image of Frank on 29 December 2015 29–30 DecemberClimatology and Observations Division Twitter page https://twitter.com/METclimate/status/686966494455042049 Met Éireann Climatology and Observations Division 14 January 2016 85 mph km/h kn on (South Uist, Outer Hebrides)Storm Frank http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-frank The Met Office 30 December 2015 31 December 2015 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304034455/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-frank dead 928 hPa inHg onOcean Prediction Center NOAA 2015 5 January 2016 East Atlantic Surface Analysis 06Z 30 December 2015 http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20151230/atle.sfcanal.06.2015123008.gifDecember 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes 3 27,900https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35196493 Homes evacuated and power cuts as Storm Frank hits UK BBC News 31 December 2015 2 January 2016https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-35197453 Storm Frank: NI hit by floods, power cuts and travel disruption BBC News 31 December 2015 2 January 2016 ≥ £280 million (≥ €310 million) Frank was the sixth storm to be officially named by the Met Office on 28 December 2015, and brought severe gales to western parts of the UK as well as persistent, heavy rainfall. It caused some disruption over Northern Ireland, west and southwest Scotland, northwest England and Wales on 30 December. Amber 'be prepared' rainfall warnings, meaning "danger to life," had been issued because of severe flooding reported in England and Scotland.Storm Frank to bring another spell of wet and windy weather http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2015/storm-frank 28 December 2015 Met Office 28 December 2015Widespread flood warnings as UK braces for Storm Frank https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/dec/29/storm-frank-widespread-flood-warnings-uk-weather 31 December 2015 The Guardian 29 December 2015 In Scotland, Frank caused floods in the towns of Dumfries, Peebles and Ballater flooded by the rivers Nith, Tweed and Dee.After Storm Frank, Scotland rallies to fix itself amid the chaos https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jan/01/after-storm-frank-scotland-rallies-to-fix-itself-amid-the-chaos 2 January 2016 The Guardian 1 January 2016 The storm claimed three casualties across Cornwall, Moray and the Highlands.Storm Frank: second man dies in Scotland https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jan/01/storm-frank-second-man-dies-in-scotland 2 January 2016 The Guardian 1 January 2016 The Free University of Berlin named the storm Eckard.Analysis http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20151229.gif 29 December 2015 Free University of Berlin 29 December 2015 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205336/http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20151229.gif dead Storm Gertrude Gertrude Gertrude 2016 track.png Gertrude 29 January 2016.png MODIS image of Gertrude on 29 January 2016 29 January 105 mph km/h kn on (Lerwick, Shetland Islands) 948 hPa inHg on 0 10,000https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35436955 Storm Gertrude: Gales cause chaos across parts of UK BBC News 29 January 2016 29 January 2016 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million)http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20160209-ab-analytics-if-january-global-recap.pdf Global Catastrophe Recap - January 2016 Aon Benfield Inc. On 28 January, the Met Office released news of the seventh named storm, Gertrude. In the release, they forecast a deepening area of low pressure to pass close to the north of Scotland on the night of 29 January, accompanied by a powerful jet stream from the Atlantic. It was anticipated that Scotland and Northern England would experience gales or severe gales (60 - 70 mph km/h kn sqbr widely; possible 80 mph km/h kn sqbr) with the Northern Isles "likely" to reach storm force winds (widely 70 - 80 mph km/h kn sqbr, occasionally 90 mph km/h kn sqbr). They warned of impacts to transport, power supplies and structural damage. The extent of amber severe weather warnings spread across the Northern Isles, western and southern Scotland and the "far north" of England and Northern Ireland. The winds for the early morning of 29 January were forecast to widely reach 60 - 70 mph km/h kn and perhaps 80 mph km/h kn in places. The Met Office noted other hazards such as large waves on western coasts and surface water from heavy rain during the morning.http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2016/Storm-Gertrude Storm Gertrude to bring strong winds to northern Britain The Met Office 28 January 2016 29 January 2016 Winds were expected to strengthen and create the risk of blizzard conditions, especially over high ground in the north of Scotland. The Chief Operational Meteorologist said: "There remains some uncertainty over the exact track and intensity of the storm", however there was "higher confidence now" on the forecast of very strong winds and storm force winds in the Northern Isles. Press releases from Transport NI and Scotland's Transport Minister, Derek Mackay, reaffirmed the risk of strong winds and advised people to take care during the course of the storm. At 09:03 on 29 January, the Met Office upgraded the warning to red over the Shetland Islands (between 12:00 and 16:00), with gusts of around 100 mph km/h kn expected and warned of very large waves.http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/warnings/#?tab=warnings&regionName=os&fcTime=1454043600 Warnings in place for the region: Orkney & Shetland Met Office 29 January 2016 29 January 2016 Gertrude caused the closures or restrictions on some bridges (Erskine Bridge, Tay Road Bridge, Forth Road Bridge and Severn Bridge) during the storm. On 29 January, 10% of Abellio ScotRail services were cancelled. There were also power cuts across Scotland and Northern Ireland.https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35436955 Storm Gertrude: Gales cause chaos across parts of UK BBC News 29 January 2016 29 January 2016 Storm Henry Henry Storm Henry 2016-02-01.jpg Satellite photo of Henry to the north-west on 1 February 1–2 February 90 mph km/h kn on South Uist, Outer Hebridesmetofficestorms 694441985659293696 2 February 2016 Selected peak wind gusts from #StormHenry (mph): S Uist 90, Benbecula 85, Malin Head 81, Salsburgh 78, Skye 77, Loftus 75, Glasgow 67 944 hPa inHg on 0 3,000Rush hour travel warning as Storm Henry hits Scotland https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-35467524 2 February 2016 BBC News 2 February 2016 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million)http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20160308-ab-analytics-if-february-global-recap.pdf Global Catastrophe Recap - February 2016 Aon Benfield Inc. On 30 January, the Met Office released news about the eighth named storm of the season, Henry. It was forecast to bring heavy rain and very strong gusts of wind across Scotland, northern England and northern Wales on 1–2 February, particularly into the night of 1 February. It was anticipated to bring gales across north Wales and north England, and severe gales across Scotland, most notably in the western isles, which was expected to bring gusts of up to 90 mph km/h kn, resulting in amber wind warnings being issued. Localised flooding, transport disruption and issues with power supplies were expected, along with storm large waves being an additional concern.Turner Camilla UK weather: Storm Henry to batter Britain, Met Office warns https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/weather/12131479/Storm-Henry-to-batter-Britain-Met-Office-warns.html 30 January 2016 The Telegraph 30 January 2016 Storm Imogen Imogen Imogen 7 February 2016.png MODIS image of Imogen on 7 February 2016 7–8 February 96 mph km/h kn on The Needles Old Battery, Isle of WightStorm Imogen 8 February 2016 http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-imogen Met Office 8 February 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160208213256/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/uk-storm-centre/storm-imogen dead 962 hPa inHg on 0 19,000https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35516741 Storm Imogen leaves homes without power across England and Wales BBC News 8 February 2016 8 February 2016 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million) On 6 February Met Éireann issued an amber warning for strong winds and named Storm Imogen.metoffice 696070186772738048 6 February 2016 #StormImogen has just been named by our partners @MetEireann and will move across the UK during the course of Monday At this stage the Met Office had issued a yellow warning for strong winds in south-west England and South Wales. On 7 February, the Met Office yellow warning area was enlarged and an amber warning added for winds across south-western England of 60 - 70 mph km/h kn and locally 80 mph km/h kn on 8 February. They warned of the risk to trees, structures, interruption of power supplies and transport, especially the M4 and M5 motorways.Met Office names the UK's next storm http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2016/storm-imogen The Met Office 7 February 2016 On 8 February Storm Imogen brought trees down, produced large coastal waves, caused power cuts and toppled high-sided vehicles across southern England and Wales.Power being restored after Storm Imogen hits England and Wales https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35516741 BBC 1 April 2016 Storm Jake Jake Jake 2 March 2016.png MODIS image of Jake on 2 March 2016 2 March 83 mph km/h kn on, Mace Head 989 hPa inHg on 0 8,240 Unknown Jake was named by Met Éireann on 1 March based on an amber warning of strong winds for counties Galway, Mayo, Clare, Cork, Kerry and Limerick. Strong winds were experienced in much of the Republic of Ireland and also Wales and south-west England on 2 March. There were power cuts and trees blown down in parts of Wales.Storm Jake: Wind causes fallen trees and power cuts https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-35707038 BBC 1 April 2016 Disruption was also experienced in parts of south-west England.STORM JAKE: Bad day to be a tree, hailstorm havoc, bin day blues at Southway http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/Live-coverage-Storm-Jake-Plymouth-Devon-Cornwall/story-28843900-detail/story.html Plymouth Herald 1 April 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304225102/http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/Live-coverage-Storm-Jake-Plymouth-Devon-Cornwall/story-28843900-detail/story.html 4 March 2016 dead Storm Katie Katie StormKatieIR.PNG IR image of Storm Katie developing to the SW of England on 28 March 2016 28 March 106 mph km/h kn on The Needles Old Battery, Isle of WightStorm Katie 28 March 2016 29 March 2016 http://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2016/03/28/what-katie-did-a-review-of-easter-mondays-storm-katie/ Met Office 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) 1http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20160406-ab-analytics-if-march-global-recap.pdf Global Catastrophe Recap - March 2016 Aon Benfield Inc. 100,000 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million) Katie, the eleventh storm of the season, was named by the Met Office on Good Friday, 25 March.Storm Katie to arrive on Easter Monday http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/2016/storm-katie Met Office 1 April 2016Ramsdale Steven Kelly Jason "Storm Katie"- Rapid cyclogenesis and damaging winds of Easter Monday 2016 Weather April 2018 73 4 103–109 10.1002/wea.2986 2018Wthr...73..103R 126085776 During the first half of Easter Monday, 28 March strong winds were experienced widely across southern England with coastal gusts of 70 - 80 mph km/h kn and inland gusts of 50 - 70 mph km/h kn in many places. The peak gust of 106 mph km/h kn was recorded at the exposed site of The Needles Old Battery. Impacts were widespread across southern England including trees felled, wall, fence and roof damage, scaffolding collapses, bridge closures, flights, ferries and train cancellations and power outages.Storm Katie: Flights cancelled and property damaged https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-35909651 BBC 1 April 2016Storm Katie: High winds cause damage across London https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-35910002 BBC 1 April 2016Storm Katie round-up https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-35909871 BBC 1 April 2016Your pictures: Storm Katie destruction across the UK https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-35910151 BBC 1 April 2016 Season effects This table lists all known windstorms that affected the UK and Ireland during 2015–2016. It includes their name, duration, peak recorded gust (excluding mountain stations), lowest pressure, areas affected, deaths, and damage totals from the two nations. All damage figures are in 2015 pounds sterling and euros. The season's first half was more notable for rainfall and flooding, similar to that seen during the 2013–2014 Atlantic winter storms in Europe, which brought the 2013–2014 United Kingdom winter floods. Storm Dates active Highest wind gust Lowest pressure Casualties Damages Abigail 01 7 – 15 November 84 mph km/h kn on 964 hPa inHg on 0 7 Unknown Barney 02 16 – 18 November 85 mph km/h kn on 980 hPa inHg on 0 4 ≥ £179 million (≥ €198 million) Clodagh 03 26 – 30 November 97 mph km/h kn on 968 hPa inHg on 0 6 ≥ £8 million (≥ €9 million) Desmond 04 3 – 8 December 81 mph km/h kn on 939 hPa inHg on 3 2 ≥ £870 million (≥ €970 million) Eva 05 22 – 25 December 84 mph km/h kn on 964 hPa inHg on 0 1 ≥ £2.0 billion (≥ €2.2 billion) Frank 04 28 – 31 December 85 mph km/h kn on 928 hPa inHg on 3 3 ≥ £280 million (≥ €310 million) Gertrude 07 29 January 105 mph km/h kn on 948 hPa inHg on 0 5 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million) Henry 08 1 – 2 February 90 mph km/h kn on 944 hPa inHg on 0 5 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million) Imogen 09 8 February 96 mph km/h kn on 962.6 hPa inHg on 0 5 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million) Jake 10 1 – 4 March 83 mph km/h kn on 988.9 hPa inHg on 0 7 Unknown Katie 11 25 – 28 March 106 mph km/h kn on 971.0 hPa inHg on 1 5 ≥ £80 million (≥ €90 million)Season Aggregates 11 windstorms 7 November – 28 March 106 mph km/h kn 928 hPa inHg 7 ≥ £3.657 billion (≥ €4.047 billion) Storms named by other European meteorological services 2015–16 Named storms table. Unnamed (FUB), Roar (Nor), Valio (Fin), 3–4 October. Binrasheed (FUB), Freja(da wiki) (DMI), 7–10 November. Frank (FUB), Abigail (UK/IE), 11–17 November. Heini (FUB), Barney (UK/IE), 16–19 November. Nils II (FUB), Clodagh (UK/IE), Gorm(da wiki)(DMI), 29–30 November. Rudi (FUB), Helga(da wiki) (DMI), 3–4 December. Ted (FUB), Desmond (UK/IE), Synne (Nor), 3–8 December. Uwe (FUB), Diddú (Isl), 7 December. Chuck (FUB), Eva (UK/IE), Staffan (SMHI), 24–26 December. Eckard (FUB), Frank (UK/IE), 29–30 December. Marita (FUB), Gertrude (UK/IE), Tor (Nor), 29–30 January. Norkys (FUB), Henry (UK/IE), 1–2 February. Ruzica–Susanna (FUB), Imogen (UK/IE), 7–8 February. Aloisia II (FUB), Jake (UK/IE), 2–3 March. Jeanne (FUB), Katie (UK/IE), 28 March. See also European Windstorm References External links http://www.eumetsat.int/website/home/Images/ImageLibrary/DAT_2852658.html Storm Abigail - Ireland and UK's first officially named storm https://web.archive.org/web/20151120161754/http://www.eumetsat.int/website/home/Images/ImageLibrary/DAT_2852658.html 20 November 2015 EUMETSAT Category:Winter weather events in the United Kingdom Category:Winter weather events in Ireland Category:Meteorological events in 2015 Category:2015 in the Republic of Ireland Category:Meteorological events in 2016 Category:2016 in the Republic of Ireland 15-16 Category:2015 disasters in the United Kingdom Category:2016 disasters in the United Kingdom Category:2015 disasters in Ireland