1912 Argentine legislative election

none Argentina 1910 1914 7 April 1912 65 of the 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies yes 70.01% yes Conservative Parties 41.58 35 Radical Civic Union 17.77 13 National Union (Argentina) es Unión Nacional (Argentina) National Union 12.13 6 Civic Union (Argentina, 1909) es Unión Cívica (1909) Civic Union 8.87 6 Socialist Party 5.42 2 Southern League (Argentina) es Liga del Sur Southern League 2.58 1 Elecciones legislativas de Argentina de 1912 - Resultados por distrito.svg Results by province Legislative elections were held in Argentina on 7 April 1912 to elect 65 of the 120 members of the Chamber of Deputies. The first free, democratic elections in the nation's history, the contest had a turnout of 70%. Background thumb|President Roque Sáenz Peña, who made these - Argentina's first free and fair legislative elections - possible despite pressure from his own social class. The era of dominance by the National Autonomist Party (PAN), made possible by an 1874 agreement between kingmakers Adolfo Alsina and Bartolomé Mitre (as well as by systematic electoral fraud), was also undone by agreement. A visit to Rome in 1909 gave the scion of one of Argentina's most powerful families at the time, Roque Sáenz Peña, the opportunity to meet the governing party's nemesis - the exiled leader of the Radical Civic Union (UCR), Hipólito Yrigoyen. Between one of their numerous discussions, Sáenz Peña was surprised by news that he would carry the PAN's standard for the upcoming "elections" of April, 1910. Sáenz Peña, who had been passed over in favor of his aging (and more conservative) father in 1892, was the counterweight President José Figueroa Alcorta needed against the reactionary wing of his party. Convinced of the need for relectoral reform, Sáenz Peña agreed with Yrigoyen to advance free and fair elections.Todo Argentina: Roque Sáenz Peña es President Sáenz Peña kept his word to the eccentric popular leader, who in turn rescinded the UCR's policy of abstentionism. The Sáenz Peña Law, enacted on February 13, mandated universal male suffrage and the secret ballot. Argentina's large immigrant population, most of whom were not yet citizens, were not included in the suffrage; this particularly affected larger cities, such as Buenos Aires and Rosario, where, at the time, more than half the population were born outside Argentina.Rock, David. Argentina:1816-1982. University of California Press, 1987. Voters in the nation's 14 provinces and Federal District (Buenos Aires) turned out in unprecedented numbers, more than tripling the 199,000 ballots registered in the 1910 elections (the last under the "scripted vote song" scheme that had limited suffrage and produced predictable results since 1862). The UCR, whose boycott, dating from 1892, had left them without representation, was rewarded with 11 Congressmen. They maintained their boycott, however, of numerous gubernatorial elections where a lack of legal safeguards was evident - notably in Buenos Aires Province, and were defeated in the La Rioja gubernatorial elections (among the few not boycotted by the party). The UCR did defeat the rival National Civic Union (UCN) in their first joint electoral test (the latter had not boycotted earlier elections); the UCR had parted ways from the UCN, founded by former President Bartolomé Mitre, in 1890. The Socialist Party increased their representation from one (the principal Congressional advocate for social legislation and labor laws, Alfredo Palacios) to two: Alfredo Palacios and Juan B. Justo.Tofdo Argentina: 1913 es The hitherto dominant PAN had suffered a schism in 1908 led by reformist Lisandro de la Torre, who led a significant faction of the ruling party into the Liga del Sur (its successor, Democratic Progressive Party, would become a major third party during the 1920s and '30s).Partido Demócrata Progresista: Fundación de la Liga del Sur https://web.archive.org/web/20090131110825/http://demoprogresista.org.ar/instactas.htm 2009-01-31 es What remained of the PAN became the Conservative Party, which retained its dominance in the Senate, albeit a weakened one; but lost its absolute majority in the Lower House, becoming more reliant on the Unión Nacional (whose strength was in western Argentina).Ministerio del Interior: Historia Electoral Argentina https://web.archive.org/web/20170713121710/http://www.mininterior.gov.ar/asuntos_politicos_y_alectorales/dinap/publicaciones/HistoriaElectoralArgentina.pdf 2017-07-13 es Elections to the Senate remained the responsibility of each provincial legislature, despite the 1912 reforms, in all districts save for the City of Buenos Aires.Observatorio Electoral Latinoamericano https://web.archive.org/web/20110727140332/http://www.observatorioelectoral.org/informes/analisis/?country=argentina&file=011022 2011-07-27 es The Buenos Aires race, held on March 30, 1913, resulted in an upset, giving Socialist candidate Enrique del Valle Iberlucea a victory over the UCR's Leopoldo Melo by 42,000 votes to 39,000. Ten Senate seats in all (one third of the chamber), were renewed in 1913. The UCR's sole Senator in 1913 (its first) was Ignacio Iturraspe, elected by Santa Fe Province legislators. The Buenos Aires Province legislature elected Conservative Marcelino Ugarte, and the party also prevailed in San Juan, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán.Senado de la Nación: Histórico de Senadores https://web.archive.org/web/20100311192218/http://www.senado.gov.ar/web/senadores/historico/provincia.php 2010-03-11 es Jujuy Province's two senators were removed on April 21 by President Sáenz Peña amid allegations of electoral fraud in provincial legislature races, and Jujuy Republican Party candidates Octavio Iturbe and Carlos Zabala were certified in their stead; the development was another victory for de la Torre, to whose Liga del Sur Iturbe and Zabala also belonged. Results Won Total File:Elecciones legislativas de Argentina de 1912.svg Conservative Parties 11 Conservative Party 119339 15 — National Autonomist Party Official Party 33958 5 National Autonomist Party Liberal Party of Tucumán 29155 2 Constitutional Party 23582 6 National Autonomist Party Coalition Party 17856 1 National Autonomist Party Popular Party 15833 1 National Autonomist Party Liberal Party of Corrientes 14515 2 Autonomist Party of Corrientes 14367 2 Civic Concentration 8593 0 National Autonomist Party 6547 1 283745 35 90 Radical Civic Union 121262 13 13 National Union (Argentina) es Unión Nacional (Argentina) National Union 82778 6 6 Civic Union (Argentina, 1909) es Unión Cívica (1909) Civic Union 60567 6 6 Socialist Party 37020 2 2 Southern League (Argentina) es Liga del Sur Southern League 17630 1 1 Communal Union 17102 0 0 Rural Defense 1643 0 0 Independents 60714 0 0 Vacant seats 2 2 602613 52018 935001 Cantón,Cantón Darío Materiales para el estudio de la sociología política en la Argentina http://www.dariocanton.com/publicaciones/sociologia/1968_materiales-para-el-estudio-de-la-sociologia/1968_materiales-para-el-estudio-de-la-sociologia_1.pdf Centro de Investigaciones Sociales - Torcuato di Tella Institute Buenos Aires 1968 Tomo I 81 Chamber of DeputiesLas Fuerzas Armadas restituyen el imperio de la soberanía popular: Las elecciones generales de 1946 http://www.unsam.edu.ar/escuelas/politica/centro_historia_politica/materiales/Las%20fuerzas%20armadas/ffaarestituyen.pdf 1946 Imprenta de la Cámara de Diputados Buenos Aires Tomo I 340–343 2023-03-14 2021-03-31 https://web.archive.org/web/20230314173218/http://www.unsam.edu.ar/escuelas/politica/centro_historia_politica/materiales/Las%20fuerzas%20armadas/ffaarestituyen.pdf dead Expediente 19-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/19-d-1912.pdf#page=4 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 12-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/12-d-1912.pdf#page=7 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 28-P-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/28-p-1912.pdf#page=5 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 3-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/3-d-1912.pdf#page=6 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 51-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/51-d-1912.pdf#page=8 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 46-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/46-d-1912.pdf#page=9 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFDiario de sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados - Año 1912 https://books.google.com/books?id=h6VPAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA563 1934 Imprenta del Congreso Nacional Buenos Aires Tomo I 543Diario de sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados - Año 1912 https://books.google.com/books?id=h6VPAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA543 1934 Imprenta del Congreso Nacional Buenos Aires Tomo I 563Expediente 42-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/42-d-1912.pdf#page=105 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 49-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/49-d-1912.pdf#page=19 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 27-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/27-d-1912.pdf#page=82 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 44-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/44-d-1912.pdf#page=13 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 17-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/17-d-1912.pdf#page=30 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDFExpediente 26-D-1912 https://apym.hcdn.gob.ar/uploads/expedientes/pdf/26-p-1912.pdf#page=112 1912 Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina PDF References Category:Legislative elections in Argentina Argentina Legislative Argentina