1930 in science

none 1930 science 1930 The year 1930 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy and space exploration January 15 – The Moon moves into perigee at the same time as the lunar phase reaches its fullest. This is the closest Moon distance to Earth (at 356,397 km) in 23 years and it will not come closer until 2257.http://www.idialstars.com/clfumo.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20081215031654/http://www.idialstars.com/clfumo.htm dead December 15, 2008 Closest Full Moon in 23 Years 2008-12-12 Bruce McClure's Astronomy Page February 18 – Pluto is identified by Clyde Tombaugh from photographs taken during January at the Lowell Observatory. Bernhard Schmidt invents the Schmidt Camera.http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/history/schmidt Bernhard Schmidt University of Cambridge https://web.archive.org/web/20080524175425/http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/history/schmidt 2008-05-24 dead Atmospheric sciences January 30 – Pavel Molchanov launches a radiosonde from Pavlovsk in the Soviet Union. Sydney Chapman explains the ozone-oxygen cycle, the process by which ozone is continually regenerated in Earth's stratosphere. Botany Elena Ivanovna Barulina produces the first study of the international distribution of lentils.Carles J. 1939 Les lentilles Lentils https://www.persee.fr/doc/linly_0366-1326_1939_num_8_6_9524 French Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 8 6 146-153 2019-01-27 Nous utilisons le remarquable ouvrage d’Helena BARULINA: Lentils of U.S.S.R. and of other countries, 1930...Le spécialiste des Lentilles est Mme Helena BARULINA. Dés 1930, elle publiait, en supplément au Bulletin of Applied Botany, un volume de plus de 300 pages sur les Lentilles (Lentils of U.S.S.R. and of other countries) quelle a résumé, en 1937, dans le tome IV de la Flore des Plantes cultivées. Chemistry April 17 – Neoprene is invented by DuPont.The Ten-Year Invention: Neoprene and Du Pont Research, 1930–1939 John K. Smith Technology and Culture 3104528 26 1985 34–55 History of science Soviet Orientalist Vasily Vasilievich Struve, with Boris Turaev, provides solutions to the problems in the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus.Struve Vasilij Vasil'evič Boris Turaev 1930 Mathematischer Papyrus des Staatlichen Museums der Schönen Künste in Moskau Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik; Abteilung A 1 Berlin Springer The University of Florence in Italy creates the Istituto di Storia della Scienza con annesso Museo (Institute of the History of Science and attached Museum), predecessor of the Museo Galileo.History of Science Museum The Museums of Florence Hidden Italy Königswinter http://www.museumsinflorence.com/musei/History_of_Science_museum.html English 2025-01-02 The Edwin Smith Papyrus, an ancient Egyptian medical text, is translated for the first time.Nunn John F. 1996 Ancient Egyptian Medicine Transactions of the Medical Society of London 113 57–68 10326089 95039770 Mathematics Vojtěch Jarník first discovers 'Prim's algorithm'. Kazimierz Kuratowski characterizes his planar graph theorem.Tony Crilly 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know https://archive.org/details/50mathematicalid0000cril registration London Quercus 2007 978-1-84724-008-8 Bartel van der Waerden publishes Moderne Algebra. Medicine March 5 – Danish painter Einar Wegener begins to undergo sexual reassignment surgery in Germany and takes the name Lili Elbe. July 10 – Mental Treatment Act 1930 in the United Kingdom provides for free voluntary treatment for psychiatric conditions and for psychiatric outpatient clinics, replaces the term "asylum" with "mental hospital" and reorganises the Board of Control for Lunacy and Mental Deficiency. November 25 – Cecil George Paine, a pathologist at the Sheffield Royal Infirmary in England, achieves the first recorded cure (of an eye infection) using penicillin.Wainwright M. Swan H.T. C.G. Paine and the earliest surviving clinical records of penicillin therapy Medical History 30 42–56 1986 3511336 1139580 10.1017/S0025727300045026 DPT vaccine (against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis) is first used. Physics December 4 – Wolfgang Pauli postulates the existence of the particle later identified as the electron neutrino.Wolfgang Pauli Chers Mesdames et Messieurs radioactifs https://www.bibnum.education.fr/physique/physique-nucleaire/chers-mesdames-et-messieurs-radioactifs bibnum 1930-12-04 2017-04-07 2016-03-15 https://web.archive.org/web/20160315140410/https://www.bibnum.education.fr/physique/physique-nucleaire/chers-mesdames-et-messieurs-radioactifs dead Technology August 18 – Salginatobel Bridge in Switzerland, designed by Robert Maillart, opened. November 13 – Rotolactor rotating platform milking machine first operates.Kane Joseph Famous First Facts: A Record of First Happenings, Discoveries, and Inventions in American History 5th 1997 H.W. Wilson Company 0-8242-0930-3 5 registration https://archive.org/details/famousfirstfacts00kane_0/page/5 Zoology Israel Aharoni collects golden hamsters near Aleppo from which all modern domesticated specimens will be bred.http://www.ppne.co.uk/index.php?m=show&id=30551 Professor Paul's Lives of the Great Naturalists Israel Aharoni 2 October 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20111002041311/http://www.ppne.co.uk/index.php?m=show&id=30551 Awards Lyell Medal (Geological Society of London) – Frederick Chapman Nobel Prizes Physics – C. V. Raman Chemistry – Hans Fischer Physiology or Medicine – Karl Landsteiner Births January 9 – Jacob T. Schwartz (died 2009), American mathematician and professor of computer science at the New York University Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. January 13 – Harold Furth (died 2002), Austrian-born expert in plasma physics and nuclear fusion. January 20 – Buzz Aldrin, American astronaut, lunar module pilot on Apollo 11. February 7 – Ikutaro Kakehashi (died 2017), Japanese electronic music engineer. February 23 – Goro Shimura (died 2019), Japanese mathematician. February 28 – Leon Cooper, American physicist and Nobel Prize winner. March 7 – Daphne Osborne (died 2006), British botanist. March 15 – Martin Karplus (died 2024), Austrian-born theoretical chemist and Nobel Prize winner. April 9 – Nathaniel Branden (died 2014), Canadian American psychotherapist. April 16 – Louis Herman (died 2016), American marine biologist, investigator in animal communication. April 20 – Gordon Hamilton Fairley (killed 1975), British oncologist. May 9 – Susan Leeman, American neuroendocrinologist. May 11 – Edsger W. Dijkstra (died 2002), Dutch computer scientist. May 28 – Frank Drake (died 2022), American radio astronomer, pioneer in SETI June 2 – Pete Conrad (died 1999), American astronaut. June 22 – Yury Artyukhin (died 1998), Soviet Russian cosmonaut. June 28 – William C. Campbell, Irish-born parasitologist and Nobel Prize winner. August 5 – Neil Armstrong (died 2012), American astronaut, first person to walk on the Moon. August 7 – Joe Farman (died 2013), British geophysicist working for the British Antarctic Survey. September 7 – Yuan Longping (died 2021), Chinese agronomist. September 12 – Akira Suzuki, Japanese chemist and Nobel Prize winner. September 24 – John Young (died 2018), American astronaut. October 10 – Yves Chauvin (died 2015), Belgian-born chemist and Nobel Prize winner. October 17 – Robert Atkins (died 2003), American nutritionist. October 27 – Gladys West, née Gladys Mae Brown (died 2026), African American mathematician. October 31 – Michael Collins (died 2021), American astronaut. November 11 – Mildred Dresselhaus, née Spiewak (died 2017), American nanotechnologist. November 14 – Ed White (died in training accident 1967), American astronaut.Edward H. White II American astronaut https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-H-White-II Encyclopedia Britannica 19 January 2021 en December 15 – Henri B. Kagan, French chemist and Nobel Prize winner.for the discovery of non-linear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric organic synthesis. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2026 https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2026/press-release/ 2026-10-07 2026-10-07 NobelPrize.org en-US Nobel Foundation December 17 – Dorothy Rowe, née Conn (died 2019), Australian psychologist. December 30 Roy Yorke Calne (died 2024), English surgeon, pioneer of transplantation. Tu Youyou, Chinese pharmaceutical chemist and Nobel Prize winner. Deaths January 13 – Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti (born 1864), British-born electrical engineer and inventor. January 19 – Frank P. Ramsey (born 1903), English mathematician (jaundice). August 6 – Joseph Le Bel (born 1847), French chemist. August 15 – Florian Cajori (born 1859), Swiss-born American historian of mathematics. August 18 – Gabrielle Howard (born 1876), British plant physiologist. October 15 Herbert Henry Dow (born 1866), Canadian American industrial chemist. E. H. "Chinese" Wilson (born 1876), English plant collector. September 1 – Peeter Põld (born 1878), Estonian politician and pedagogical scientist. October 27 – Ellen Hayes (born 1851), American mathematician and astronomer. November 5 – Christiaan Eijkman (born 1858), Dutch physiologist. December 25 – Albertina Carlsson (born 1848), Swedish zoologist. References Category:20th century in science Category:1930s in science