1999 Estonian parliamentary election

none Estonia parliamentary 1995 Estonian parliamentary election 1995 Members of the 8th Riigikogu 2003 Estonian parliamentary election 2003 Members of the 9th Riigikogu 101 seats in the Riigikogu 51 seats were needed for a majority 7 March 1999 Edgar Savisaar 2005-crop.jpg 120 120 160 0 0 Edgar Savisaar Estonian Centre Party 16 seats 28 12 113,378 23.4% 9.23pp MartLaar2007.jpg 120 120 160 0 0 Mart Laar Pro Patria Union 8 seats 18 10 77,917 16.1% New Siim Kallas 3.JPG 125 120 160 0 0 Siim Kallas Estonian Reform Party 19 seats 18 1 77,088 15.9% 0.29pp Andres Tarand, geograaf, klimatoloog ja poliitik 2006 (cropped) (2).jpg 120 120 160 0 0 Andres Tarand Moderates (Estonia) 6 seats 17 11 73,630 15.2% 9.21pp 1999. aasta Riigikogu valimiste tulemused.svg Results by electoral district Prime Minister Prime Minister after election Mart Siimann Estonian Coalition Party Mart Laar Pro Patria Union Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia on 7 March 1999.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p574 978-3-8329-5609-7 The newly elected 101 members of the 9th Riigikogu assembled at Toompea Castle in Tallinn within ten days of the election. The elections proved disastrous for the ruling Estonian Coalition Party, which won only seven seats together with two of its smaller allies. Following the elections, a coalition government was formed by Mart Laar of the Pro Patria Union, including the Reform Party and the Moderates.Estonia: Parliamentary Chamber: Riigikogu: Elections held in 1999 Inter-Parliamentary Union It remained in office until Laar resigned in December 2001, after the Reform Party had left the same governing coalition in Tallinn municipality, making opposition leader Edgar Savisaar new Mayor of Tallinn. The Reform Party and the Estonian Centre Party then formed a coalition government that lasted until the 2003 elections. Background Vähi cabinets After the 1995 parliamentary election, the electoral alliance made up of the Coalition Party and Country Union (KMÜ) and the Centre Party formed a government coalition. The government led by Tiit Vähi remained in office for only seven months, as KMÜ decided to end cooperation with the Centre Party due to the tape scandal in which the leader of the Centre Party Edgar Savisaar was accused of secretly recording political consultations between Prime Minister Tiit Vähi and the chairman of the Reform Party, Siim Kallas.Tiit Vähi and the KMÜ formed a new government with the Reform Party. However, Reform Party had risen in support in the meanwhile to become the most popular party in Estonia, causing tension in the government. Relations between the coalition partners became particularly sharp during the 1996 municipal elections.10 aastat uut Eestit 2001 Tänapäev 978-9985-62-013-7 Tammer Enno Aastaraamatu Kes? Mis? Kus? eriväljaanne Tallinn Eesti Päevaleht After the local elections, the Coalition Party signed a cooperation agreement in Tallinn with the Centre Party, leaving the Reform Party, which came first in the elections, as the main opposition in Tallinn. As a result of that, the Reform Party decided to leave the government, forcing Tiit Vähi had to continue with a minority government. In order to expand the government's support area, Vähi appointed several independent technocrats as ministers, the most important of which was the appointment of future president Toomas Hendrik Ilves as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Scandals In early 1997, a significant scandal arose surrounding the privatization of several apartments in central Tallinn. The controversy arose when it was revealed that well-known figures, including Minister of Foreign Affairs Toomas Hendrik Ilves, as well as Vähi's own daughter, had acquired those living spaces for cheap prices. At the time of the transactions, Tiit Vähi was also heading the Tallinn City Council. Although Vähi narrowly survived a vote of no confidence in parliament, mounting pressure from the media prompted his resignation.Tõnis Erilaiu lehesaba Kuidas korteriskandaal Tiit Vähi ametist pühkis https://www.ohtuleht.ee/ajalugu/1026959/tonis-erilaiu-lehesaba-kuidas-korteriskandaal-tiit-vahi-ametist-puhkis 2023-08-20 www.ohtuleht.ee et During the apartment scandal, in order to divert attention from the scandal, Vähi disclosed that the Bank of Northern Estonia (PEP) had lent 10 million dollars to the Swiss company Paradiso SAL in 1993. However, after the first interest payment, it turned out that such a company didn't exist, and the company's representatives had disappeared along with the money. Since the 10 million dollars had been lent to PEP by the Bank of Estonia, which was headed by Siim Kallas at the time, Vähi hinted that Kallas himself had stolen these millions. Criminal proceedings were started, as a result of which Siim Kallas was charged with both abuse of office and preparation for large-scale looting of state property. However, just before the 1999 election, Kallas was acquitted of all charges. Mart Siimann's cabinet KMÜ nominated Mart Siimann, the deputy chairman of the Coalition Party, as the new prime minister candidate. Initially, Siimann tried to form a majority government with the Reform Party and Centre Party, but was unsuccessful. Therefore, the new government only ended up including KMÜ. The government was supported by the Centre Party in the parliament. Coalition preparations In September 1997, the Reform Party, Pro Patria Union and Moderates signed a cooperation agreement, with which the parliamentary group 'United Opposition' was created in order to oppose the perceived populism and left-leaning economics of the KMÜ and the Centre Party. In January 1998, the Reform Party proposed to the Pro Patria Union and Moderates to come to an agreement to form a government in the event that the parties achieve a parliamentary majority in the upcoming elections. At the end of 1998, the parties signed the agreement without agreeing on an eventual prime minister.Muuli Kalle Kodanike riik: reformierakond loomisest kuni tänapäevani 2014 Menu Kirjastus 978-9949-549-07-8 Hainsalu Esta Tallinn Siim Kallas, chairman of the Reform Party, wanted the leader of the party with the most votes to become prime minister. Other political parties were initially against it due the support of the Reform Party being much higher than that of the other signatories to the agreementErakonnamaastikul on jõud tasakaalus https://www.ohtuleht.ee/14747/erakonnamaastikul-on-joud-tasakaalus 2023-08-20 www.ohtuleht.ee et and Kallas' reputation being tarnished by the 10 million dollar scandal. However, eventually the parties settled on the chairman of the party with the most votes becoming the prime minister. The created coalition was nicknamed the Triple Alliance. Electoral system The 101 members of the Riigikogu (Parliament of Estonia) were elected using a form of proportional representation for a four-year term. The seats were allocated using a modified D'Hondt method. The country was divided into eleven multi-mandate electoral districts. There is a nationwide threshold of 5% for party lists, but if the number of votes cast for a candidate exceeds or equals the simple quota (which shall be obtained by dividing the number of valid votes cast in the electoral district by the number of mandates in the district) the candidate is elected. Electoral alliances were not allowed anymore, but it didn't prevent a party from including members of another party in its list. District numberElectoral DistrictSeats1Haabersti, Põhja-Tallinn and Kristiine districts in Tallinn82Kesklinn, Lasnamäe and Pirita districts in Tallinn103Mustamäe and Nõmme districts in Tallinn84Harjumaa (without Tallinn) and Raplamaa counties125Hiiumaa, Läänemaa and Saaremaa counties76Lääne-Virumaa and Ida-Virumaa counties137Järvamaa and Viljandimaa counties98Jõgevamaa and Tartumaa counties (without Tartu)89Tartu city810Võrumaa, Valgamaa and Põlvamaa counties1011Pärnumaa county8 Contesting parties List of political parties in EstoniaThe Estonian National Electoral Committee announced that 12 political parties and 18 individual candidates registered to take part in the 1999 parliamentary election. Their registration numbers and order were determined by the order of registration.https://www.ester.ee/record=b4560352*est Valimised Eestis: statistikat ja selgitusi 2011 Vabariigi Valimiskomisjon Heinsalu Alo Tallinn Koitmäe Arne Mandre Leino Pilving Mihkel Vinkel Priit Eero Gerli Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu Eesti NameIdeologyPolitical positionLeaderTotal candidates1995 resultVotes (%)Seats1Reform PartyClassical liberalismCentre-rightSiim Kallas21216.2%19 101 Estonian Reform Party2Centre PartyPopulismCentre-leftEdgar Savisaar24214.2%16 101 Estonian Centre Party3Moderate People's PartySocial liberalismCentre to centre-leftAndres Tarand3036.0%6 101 Social Democratic Party (Estonia)4Pro Patria UnionNational conservatismRight-wingMart Laar1787.9%Result of the Pro Patria and ERSP electoral alliance.8 101 Pro Patria Union5Country People's PartyAgrarianismCentre to centre-leftArnold Rüütel16732.2%Result of the Coalition Party and Country People's Union electoral alliance.41 101 People's Union of Estonia6Russian PartyRussian minority interestsSyncreticNikolai Maspanov1485.9%Result of the Our Home is Estonia electoral alliance with the United People's Party6 101 #9ed1ee7Farmers' AssemblyAgrarianismCentreEldur Parder3632.2%Result of the Coalition Party and Country People's Union electoral alliance.41 101 Farmers' Assemblies8Coalition PartyEconomic liberalismCentre-rightMart Siimann21632.2%Result of the Coalition Party and Country People's Union electoral alliance.41 101 Estonian Coalition Party9Christian People's PartyChristian democracyCentre-rightAldo Vinkel65did not exist10Progress PartySocial liberalismCentreKrista Kilvet65did not exist11United People's PartyRussia's national interestsEesti Päevaleht 20 June 2008: Kaitsepolitsei aastaraamat: Vene luure tegi mullu Eestis usinalt tööd https://web.archive.org/web/20080630100711/http://epl.ee/artikkel/433236 2008-06-30 by Kärt Anvelthttp://www.kapo.ee/cms-data/_text/138/124/files/aastaraamat-2007-eng.pdf Annual Review 2007 Estonian Security Police 2008 Tallinn 8 Counterintelligence https://web.archive.org/web/20100415031941/http://www.kapo.ee/cms-data/_text/138/124/files/aastaraamat-2007-eng.pdf 2010-04-15 deadhttps://www.kapo.ee/sites/default/files/public/content_page/aastaraamat-2007.pdf KAPO aastaraamat 2007 2023-08-26 2016-10-10 https://web.archive.org/web/20161010042514/https://www.kapo.ee/sites/default/files/public/content_page/aastaraamat-2007.pdf dead Kaitsepolitsei aastaraamat: Vene luure tegi mullu Eestis usinalt tööd https://epl.delfi.ee/artikkel/51133812/kaitsepolitsei-aastaraamat-vene-luure-tegi-mullu-eestis-usinalt-tood 2023-08-22 Eesti Päevaleht etCentre-leftViktor Andrejev1725.9%Result of the Our Home is Estonia electoral alliance with the Russian Party6 101 Constitution Party (Estonia)12Blue PartyCultural intelligence interests2020-08-16 Uue ajastu arvamusliidrid https://lounapostimees.postimees.ee/7040781/uue-ajastu-arvamusliidrid 2023-08-26 Lõuna-Eesti Postimees etSyncreticJaan Laas620.4%0 101 Libertas Estonia—Individual candidates—18did not exist Results File:Riigikogu 1999 election.svg Estonian Centre Party 113378 28 +12 Pro Patria Union 77917 18 +10 Estonian Reform Party 77088 18 –1 ModeratesThe Moderates' list included representatives of the People's Party. 73630 17 +11 Estonian Coalition PartyThe Estonian Coalition Party list included members of the Estonian Country Union and the Party of Estonian Pensioners and Families. 36692 7 – Estonian Country People's Union 35204 7 – Estonian United People's PartyThe Estonian United People's Party included members of the Estonian Social Democratic Labour Party and the Russian Unity Party. 29682 6 – Estonian Christian People's Party 11745 0 New Russian Party in Estonia 9825 0 – Estonian Blue Party 7745 0 0 Farmers' Assembly 2421 0 – Progress Party 1854 0 New Independents 7058 0 0 8117 0 857270 Nohlen & Stöver See also Members of the 9th Riigikogu Notes References External links Election results on the Estonian Electoral Commission website (in Estonian) Category:Parliamentary elections in Estonia Estonia Parliamentary