2016 Niger flood

2016 flooding of the Niger River 2016 Niger floods June–September 2016 Niger 38 9,000 homes; approximately 26,000 livestock Heavy rains during the months of June, July and August 2016 resulted in extreme flooding of various rivers throughout Niger, particularly the Niger River, where the floods caused material damage and loss of life in Niger and other countries along the river's path.http://newspapers.nigeriannation.com/38-killed-92000-homeless-as-flood-ravages-niger/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160918025033/http://newspapers.nigeriannation.com/38-killed-92000-homeless-as-flood-ravages-niger/ dead 2016-09-18 38 Killed, 92,000 Homeless As Flood Ravages Niger NigerianNation Newspapers 2016-09-18 2019-10-26 Since 2000, flooding in Niger has intensified,Aich Valentin Liersch Stefan Vetter Tobias Fournet Samuel Andersson Jafet C.M. Calmanti Sandro van Weert Frank H.A. Hattermann Fred F. Paton Eva N. 2016-08-15 Flood projections within the Niger River Basin under future land use and climate change Science of the Total Environment 562 666–677 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.021 27110979 0048-9697 2016ScTEn.562..666A with the most serious threats concentrated in the southwestern part of Niger and along the banks of the Niger River. Causes Wetland degradation: The ecology of the Niger River has been devastated by various land use changes. There is not enough vegetation to retain water, making floods more likely during the rainy season.Loveline Enwere Chidimma 2015-08-24 Impacts of Wetland Degradation in Niger Delta Nigeria and its Significance in Flood Control International Journal of Environment 4 3 177–184 10.3126/ije.v4i3.13244 2091-2854 freeDescroix L. Mahé G. Lebel T. Favreau G. Galle S. Gautier E. Olivry J-C. Albergel J. Amogu O. Cappelaere B. Dessouassi R. 2009-08-30 Spatio-temporal variability of hydrological regimes around the boundaries between Sahelian and Sudanian areas of West Africa: A synthesis Journal of Hydrology 375 1–2 90–102 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.12.012 0022-1694 2009JHyd..375...90D Global climate change: Increased seasonal rainstorms (various extreme weather effects).Roudier P. Ducharne A. Feyen L. 2014-07-31 Climate change impacts on runoff in West Africa: a review Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18 7 2789–2801 10.5194/hess-18-2789-2014 1607-7938 2014HESS...18.2789R free Cities in Niger have poor planning and have not been able to adapt to rapidly growing population changes.Dan-Jumbo Nimi Gibson Assessing the Effects of Urban Development and Climate Change on Flooding in the Greater Port-Harcourt Watershed, Niger Delta, Nigeria 2018 University of Edinburgh https://books.google.com/books?id=-4QFvwEACAAJ 1063477461 Drainage systems are approaching capacity, and many towns even lack drainage networks. Because of rapid population growth, residents have built houses without planning and organization. The dumping of garbage on the streets blocks surface runoff during heavy downpour events. Excessive upstream dam discharge: Large amounts of water are released during the rainstorm season. The water volume downstream of the river channel increases and the water level of the river rises. Hydrological and meteorological observations thumb|upright=1.25|The Niger River basin includes area in Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Algeria, Benin, Nigeria and Cameroon.The worst affected regions were the desert areas of Tahoua in the west and Agadez in the north, and to a lesser extent, the region of Maradi.https://www.enca.com/africa/niger-floods-leave-32-dead-92000-homeless Niger floods leave 32 dead, 92,000 homeless 2016-09-08 eNCA 24 October 2019 Extremely fast rise of the river levels were recorded. Within a week, a rise of 1.90 m was recorded in the Sirba station in Garbé Kourou. A station on the Gorouol River, a tributary of the Niger River, measured a rise of 2.9 m over a two-week period at the end of July, the highest river level recorded in over 50 years of the station's operation.http://floodlist.com/africa/west-africa-floods-nigeria-mali-burkina-faso-august-2016 West Africa – Deadly Floods in Mali and Burkina Faso Davies Richard 2016-08-12 Floodlist 24 October 2019https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/files/documents/files/wca_a4_l_impact_of_floods_20160822.pdf West Africa:Impact of the floods 2016-08-22 Humanitarian Response 24 October 2019 Water levels continued to rise, reaching their highest mark on 6 September since 1964 in the Inner Niger Delta.https://www.wetlands.org/news/extreme-flooding-predicted-in-malis-inner-niger-delta/ Extreme flooding predicted in Mali's Inner Niger Delta 2016-09-07 Wetlands International 24 October 2019 The high river levels could have been exacerbated by uncommon extreme rain events throughout the Niger river basin, such as rainfall exceeding 200 mm per day on May 23 in Niger, lengthy rainy period in Guinea and Mali from August 9 to August 27, and unusual rains in the Azawagh region, exceeding 200 mm on August 13, and around 50 mm on both August 27th and 29th.Maidment, R. I., D. Grimes, E. Black, E. Tarnavsky, M. Young, H. Greatrex, R. P. Allan et al. (2017) A new, long-term daily satellite-based rainfall dataset for operational monitoring in Africa. Nature Scientific Data 4: 170063 DOI:10.1038/sdata.2017.63.Tarnavsky, E., Grimes, D., Maidment, R., Black, E., Allan, R., Stringer, M., Chadwick, R. and Kayitakire, F., (2014). Extension of the TAMSAT Satellite-based Rainfall Monitoring over Africa and from 1983 to present. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 53(12): 2805-2822. DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0016.1.Maidment, R., Grimes, D., Allan, R., Tarnavsky, E., Stringer, M., Hewison, T., Roebeling, R., and Black, E. (2014). The 30-year TAMSAT African Rainfall Climatology and Time-series (TARCAT) Data Set. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119:10,619-10,644. DOI: 10.1002/2014JD021927. Impacts The sub-Saharan region has seen an increase in the occurrence and intensity of floods during the past two decades, with the consequence of destabilizing food supply and health in an area already affected by extreme poverty and rapid population growth.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-45599262 Reality Check: Why does Nigeria keep flooding? team Reality Check 2018-09-27 2019-10-20 en-GBFiorillo Edoardo Crisci Alfonso Issa Hassimou Maracchi Giampiero Morabito Marco Tarchiani Vieri 2018-07-03 Recent Changes of Floods and Related Impacts in Niger Based on the ANADIA Niger Flood Database Climate 6 3 59 10.3390/cli6030059 2018Clim....6...59F 2225-1154 freeLester, Maya Elizabeth Jane, (born 22 Aug. 1974), QC 2016 2016-12-01 Oxford University Press 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u286684 Who's Who According to estimates, the 2016 flood resulted in the loss of at least 38 lives and destroyed around 9,000 homes, leaving thousands of people homeless. Approximately 26,000 livestock were lost. The floods provoked substantial displacement, exacerbated by ongoing attacks by Boko Haram, as well as increasing competition over agricultural land.https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/UNICEF%20Niger%20Humanitarian%20Sitrep%20-%20September%202016.pdf NIGER Humanitarian Situation Report. September 2016 2016 2019-10-20 As of the end of September 2019, no cases of cholera had been reported, whereas floods in 2014 had affected more than 1,400 people. Response Prior to the flood, much of the international humanitarian aid in Niger was concentrated in the Diffa region, due to the high number of Nigerian refugees.https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/unicef-niger-humanitarian-situation-report-october-2016 UNICEF Niger Humanitarian Situation Report, October 2016 ReliefWeb Groups like Doctors Without Borders and UNICEF joined the local and federal government response to the floods, primarily in the most-affected states of Maradi, Tahoua, Agadez, and Zinder.https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/bulletin-humanitaire-niger-ao-t-2016 OCHA Bulletin humanitaire Niger Août 2016 ReliefWeb Initial responses focused on limiting the spread of infectious and communicable diseases such as malaria and diarrhea, and providing mental support.https://www.msf.org/niger-floods-leave-hundreds-families-homeless-increased-risk-disease Niger: Floods leave hundreds of families homeless with increased risk of disease Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International en 2019-10-20 UNICEF was the sole provider of ready-to-use therapeutic foods in the country,https://www.unicef.org/about/annualreport/files/Niger_2016_COAR.pdf UNICEF Annual Report 2016: Niger (the Republic of) distributed water treatment tablets to some regions, and helped rehabilitate wells affected by floods.https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/unicef-niger-humanitarian-situation-report-august-2016 UNICEF Niger Humanitarian Situation Report August 2016 ReliefWeb The agency also supported the Niger government's response by providing non-food item kits, which were distributed by government authorities under coordination of the UN's Coordinating Committee on Health.https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/unicef-niger-humanitarian-situation-report-july-2016 UNICEF Niger Humanitarian Situation Report July 2016 ReliefWeb Doctors Without Borders put mobile clinics out into the field where they could promote hygiene practices, monitor outbreaks of disease and distribute non-food items like blankets, mosquito nets, hygiene supplies, and domestic utensils. They also helped dig basic latrines as a stopgap measure for people sheltering in community schools. The local government distributed food rations and cooking oil as well as money (2,000 Central African Francs). After years of repeated flooding, in 2012, the Niger government, with support from the World Bank, launched the PGCR-DU (Projet de Gestion des Risques de Catastrophes et de Développement Urbain). By 2016, the PGRC-DU has begun retrofitting numerous protective dikes and developing tools to better predict areas most susceptible to flooding and weigh various flood mitigation measures in those areas.https://opendri.org/addressing-flood-vulnerability-in-niamey-niger-west-africa/ Addressing Flood Vulnerability in Niamey, Niger, West Africa 2017-10-05 OpenDRI en-US 2019-10-20 References Niger Niger Category:Natural disasters in Niger Category:2016 disasters in Africa Category:21st-century disasters in Niger