1557

March 2011 1557 1557 thumb|200px|August 27: Battle of St. Quentin __NOTOC__ Year 1557 (MDLVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events thumb|The first known equation, equivalent to 14x+15=71 in modern syntax. January–March January 4 – Pietro Giovanni Chiavica Cibo becomes the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa for a term of 2 years as the term of the Doge Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti comes to an end.Levati Luigi Maria Dogi biennali di Genova dal 1528 al 1699 Tip. Marchese & Campora it January 6 – Italian War of 1551–1559: Gaspard II de Coligny, the French governor of Picardy (in northern France), launches surprise attacks on Douai and Lens in the Spanish Netherlands and captures both cities for France.Haan Bertrand Une paix pour l'éternité: La négociation du traité du Cateau-Cambrésis 2010 Madrid Casa de Velázquez 37–60 January 13 – Sigismund II Augustus, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, issues an edict against Protestants, at the urging of the Archbishop Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, Primate of Poland. January 28 – Bayinnaung, King of Burma and head of the Toungoo dynasty, conquers two the Shan States, Möng Mit and Hsipaw in what is now northern Myanmar. http://www.arts.chula.ac.th/~complit/event/hantawadi.htm Accounts of King Bayinnaung's Life and Hanthawady Hsinbyu-myashin Ayedawbon, a Record of his Campaigns U Thaw Kaung Chulalongkorn University 2009-02-25 The event is later commemorated with an inscription on the Shwezigon Pagoda Bell.U Thaw Kaung, Aspects of Myanmar History and Culture (Gangaw Myaing, 2010) pp.106-110 February 4 – Pope Paul IV creates the metropolitan archdiocese of Portuguese India (based in Goa) separating the Goan diocese from the ecclesiastical province of Lisbon. February 24 – Delegates from Sweden, Finland and Russia arrive at Novgorod to negotiate a treaty to end the war between the two empires.Heininen Simo Heikkilä, Markku Kirchengeschichte Finnlands Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2002 70 3-525-55444-3 German March 11 – The Burmese conquest of the Shan States continues as the capital of the Mongkawng state, Mong Kawng, falls to the Toungoo dynasty invaders, five days after the March 6 surrender of the town of Mong Yang. The event is later commemorated on the Shwezigon Pagoda Bell. March – The Takeda clan besiege Katsurayama Castle in eastern Japan.Turnbull Stephen R. Kawanakajima 1553-64: Samurai Power Struggle 2005 Praeger Publishers 978-0-275-98868-5 47–48 https://books.google.com/books?id=0s9xAAAAMAAJ&q=%22katsurayama%20castle%22 15 October 2023 en The siege ends with the last stand of the castle garrison, and the complete destruction of Katsurayama, allowing the Takeda to further expand in Shinano Province. April–June April 2 – The Treaty of Novgorod between Sweden and Russia is put into effect as delegates kiss the cross, as demanded by the Tsar Ivan IV. April 12 – The Spanish settlement of Cuenca, Ecuador, is founded.Revista católica de la Diócesis de Cuenca (Ecuador). 1920 Imprenta del Clero 472 https://books.google.com/books?id=1D4sAQAAMAAJ&dq=Cuenca+espa%C3%B1ola+%2212+de+abril+de+1557%22&pg=PA472 15 October 2023 es April 25 – English aristocrat Thomas Stafford attempts a rebellion against Queen Mary I, landing at Scarborough, North Yorkshire with two ships and 32 followers after crossing the English Channel from Dieppe in France. Upon landing, he captures Scarborough Castle and proclaims himself "Protector of the Realm".Thomas Stafford, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, accessed 17 January 2010 April 28 – Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland, arrives in Scarborough and ends the Stafford rebellion, arresting Stafford and the small rebel force. April 30 – Arauco War – Battle of Mataquito: Spanish forces of Governor Francisco de Villagra launch a dawn surprise attack against the Mapuche (headed by their toqui Lautaro), in present-day Chile. May 4 – The Stationers' Company, officially the Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers, is granted a royal charter and a monopoly on the English publishing industry. C. Knight & Co. London London Charles Knight Charles Knight (publisher) 1844 6 Stationers' Company https://archive.org/stream/londonkn06kniguoft#page/208/mode/2up For the next 150 years, the Stationers will regulate and censor the printing industry until the passage of the Copyright Act 1710 on April 10, 1710. May 23 – The Shwezigon Pagoda Bell, weighing 7560 lb, is dedicated. The Bell, commissioned by King Bayinnaung and located in the Myanmar city of Bagan, bears a detailed inscription of the 16th century Burmese conquest of the Shan States. May 28 – English rebel Thomas Stafford and 32 of his followers are beheaded at the Tower of London after being convicted of treason. May 29 – King Philip II of Spain signs a treaty in London with Iacopo VI being restored to rule of the Principality of Piombino a bargain with Cosimo I de' Medici.Carrara Mauro Signori e Principi di Piombino Bandecchi & Vivaldi 1996 22–23 itTratado de Londres (1557) June 7 – Mary I of England joins her husband Philip II of Spain, in his war against France.Garrisson Janine A History of Sixteenth Century France, 1483-1598: Renaissance, Reformation and Rebellion 14 June 1995 Bloomsbury Publishing 978-1-349-24020-3 167 https://books.google.com/books?id=D5FKEAAAQBAJ&dq=mary+philip+france+%227+june+1557%22&pg=PA167 15 October 2023 en June 10 – The New Testament of the Geneva Bible, a Protestant Bible translation into English (produced under the supervision of William Whittingham, and printed in Roman type), is published in Geneva.The Dictionary of National Biography 1922 H. Milford 151 https://books.google.com/books?id=oiEuBHV9bgcC&dq=roman+geneva+bible+new+testament+William+Whittingham+%2210+june+1557%22&pg=PA151 15 October 2023 en June 16 Sebastião I is crowned as the new King of Portugal, five days after the death of his father, King João III. June 18 – Mass executions by burning at the stake resume in England for Protestants convicted of heresy under the law of England's Catholic ruler, Queen Mary I. On the first day, four women and three men are put to death at Maidstone at Kent. The next day, at Canterbury, another seven prisoners are burned. On June 22, ten more people (six men and four women) burn at the stake at Lewes at Sussex. In all, 24 people (12 men and 12 women) are killed in a five-day period"Foxe’s Marian Martyrs", by Thomas S. Freeman, JohnFoxe.org By June – The 1557 influenza pandemic, probably originating in China, spreads to Europe.Morens David M. Taubenberger Jeffery K. Pandemic influenza: certain uncertainties Reviews in Medical Virology June 2011 21 5 262–284 10.1002/rmv.689 21706672 3246071 en July–September July 3 – The small Stato dei Presidi, a 300 km2 section of Spanish territory on the Tuscan coast of Italy, is created by a treaty between Cosimo I de' Medici (Duke of the Florentine Republic and the future Grand Duke of Tuscany) and King Felipe II of Spain. In return, Cosimo receives the rest of the former Republic of Siena.Mallett Michael Shaw Christine The Italian Wars, 1494–1559 Pearson Education 2012 280 July 24 – The Edict of Compiègne is issued by King Henri II of France, providing for the death penalty to be applied to Protestants for a variety of crimes, including a relapse after having renounced Protestantism; unauthorized travel to Geneva; publication of Protestant books; possessing graven images; and unauthorized participation in Protestant religious gatherings, whether public or private.Robert Jean Knecht, The Rise and Fall of Renaissance France: 1483-1610 (Blackwell, 2001) p.241 July 25 – In India, Sikandar Shah Suri, Sultan of the Sur Empire in Punjab, surrenders the fortress at Mau in the Nurpur kingdom (now in Uttar Pradesh) after a six month siege by the Mughal Empire. Mughal General Bairam Khan allows Sikandar to live in exile in Bihar, while Bakht Mal, Raja of Nurpur is imprisoned at Lahore and later beheaded.R. C. Majumdar, ed., The Mughul Empire (Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 2007) pp.106-107 August 27 – Battle of St. Quentin: French forces under Marshal Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency are decisively defeated by the Spanish and English under Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, after a 17-day battle. Montmorency himself is captured, but Philip II refuses to press his advantage, and withdraws to the Netherlands.Fontane Theodor Aus den Tagen der Occupation: eine Osterreise durch Nordfrankreich und Elsass-Lothringen 1871 1872 Decker 31–32 https://books.google.com/books?id=vfwRAAAAYAAJ&dq=Emmanuel+Philibert+Anne+de+Montmorency+St.+Quentin+%2210+august+1557%22&pg=PA31 16 October 2023 de September 11– The Colloquy of Worms convenes in Germany as a dialog on religious issues between clerics of the German Catholic Church and the Lutheran Church.Wormer Religionsgespräch https://www.deutsches-apotheken-museum.de/sammlung/museumsobjekte/exponate-im-fokus/wormer-religionsgespraech/ apothekenmuseum 16 October 2023 de-DEMüller Gerhard Gerhard Müller (Lutheran theologian) De Gruyter Krause Gerhard Theologische Realenzyklopädie 1996 978-3-11-015155-8 452 https://books.google.com/books?id=bzgYAQAAIAAJ&q=Wormser+Religionsgespr%C3%A4ch+%E2%80%9E8.+Oktober+1557%E2%80%9C 16 October 2023 de September 12– The Spanish occupation of the Papal States is confirmed as Pope Paul IV signs a separate peace treaty, the Peace of Cave-Palestrina, with Spain's Duke of Alba, who has massed troops outside of Rome in preparationfor an attack.Pattenden Miles Pius IV and the Fall of The Carafa: Nepotism and Papal Authority in Counter-Reformation Rome 2013 OUP Oxford 978-0191649615 21–22Haan Bertrand Une paix pour l'éternité: La négociation du traité du Cateau-Cambrésis 2010 Madrid Casa de Velázquez 37–60 October–December October 8 – The Colloquy of Worms is adjourned with no resolution on reconciling the differences between Catholicism and Protestantism, after the parties are unable to agree on the concepts of original sin and theological justification. October 23 – Mohammed al-Shaykh, Sultan of Morocco since 1549, is assassinated by Ottoman soldiers who had infiltrated the Moroccan army. The assassination comes on orders of the Ottoman sultan after Mohammed makes plans for an alliance with Spain against the Ottoman Empire.Weiner Jerome Bruce Fitna, Corsairs, and Diplomacy: Morocco and the Maritime States of Western Europe, 1603-1672 1976 Columbia University 30 https://books.google.com/books?id=5apWAAAAYAAJ&q=Mohammed+al-Shaykh+assassinated+%2223+october+1557%22 16 October 2023 en Mohammed is succeeded by his son, Abdallah al-Ghalib. November 17 (27th day of the 10th month of Kōji 3) – Prince Michihito of Japan becomes the Emperor Ōgimachi almost two months after the September 27 death of his father, the Emperor Go-Nara. December 24 – In Bucharest, Mircea the Shepherd becomes the Prince of Wallachia for the third time, succeeding Pătrașcu the Good, who has died suddenly.Tiberiu Ciobanu Voievozi și domnitori români https://books.google.com/books?id=T-OgAAAAMAAJ 2006 Excelsior Art 978-973-592-162-0 118 December 30 – Italian War of 1551–1559: King Henri II of France, through his ambassador Jean Cavenac de la Vigne sends a letter to Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire for the dispatch of 150 Ottoman Navy ships to protect the French coast.Kenneth M. Setton, The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571) (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1984), p. 698 Date unknown Özdemir Pasha conquers the Red Sea port of Massawa for the Ottoman Empire.Ogot Bethwell A. Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century 1992 University of California Press 978-0-435-94811-5 145 https://books.google.com/books?id=_dj9RRrvYjkC&dq=%C3%96zdemir+Pasha+Massawa+%221557%22&pg=PA145 16 October 2023 enMiran Jonathan Red Sea Citizens: Cosmopolitan Society and Cultural Change in Massawa 6 July 2009 Indiana University Press 978-0-253-22079-0 38 https://books.google.com/books?id=PMFVeWTWF0YC&dq=%C3%96zdemir+Pasha+Massawa+%221557%22&pg=PA38 16 October 2023 en With the permission of the Ming dynasty government of China, and for the benefit of both Western and Eastern merchants, the Portuguese settle in Macau (retroceded in 1999).Tagliacozzo Eric Siu Helen F. Perdue Peter C. Asia Inside Out 5 January 2015 Harvard University Press 978-0-674-59850-8 90 https://books.google.com/books?id=3-iaBQAAQBAJ&dq=portuguese+macau+ming+%221557%22&pg=PA90 16 October 2023 en Direct Sino-Portuguese trade has existed since 1513, but this is the first official legal treaty port on traditional Chinese soil, that will form a long-term Western settlement. Spain becomes bankrupt, throwing the German banking houses into chaos.Archer Christon World History of Warfare Lincoln University of Nebraska Press 2002 978-0-8032-4423-8 251 etal registration https://archive.org/details/worldhistoryofwa00arch/page/251 Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, is refounded by John Caius.http://www.cai.cam.ac.uk/history History – Gonville & Caius October 15, 2012 Gonville & Caius College 13 September 2014 The following schools are founded in England: Brentwood School, Essex, by Sir Antony Browne.Beavan Charles Reports of Cases in Chancery 1851 William Benning and Co. 35 https://books.google.com/books?id=fTdHAQAAMAAJ&dq=Antony+Browne+Brentwood+School+%221557%22&pg=PA35 16 October 2023 enBrentwood History https://www.brentwoodschool.co.uk/we-are-brentwood/brentwood-history www.brentwoodschool.co.uk 16 October 2023 en Hampton School, Hampton, London, by Robert Hammond.Cockburn J. S. King H. P. F. McDonnell K. G. T. A History of the County of Middlesex: without special title 1969 Institute of Historical Research 298 https://books.google.com/books?id=UAQ5AQAAMAAJ&q=1557 16 October 2023 en Repton School, by Sir John Port.The Book of the Repton Tercentenary. 1857 1857 Repton School 41 https://books.google.com/books?id=pWarE4SvWr4C&dq=repton+school+john+port+%221557%22&pg=PA41 17 October 2023 en Welsh-born mathematician Robert Recorde publishes The Whetstone of Witte in London, containing the first recorded use of the equals sign, and the first use in English of plus and minus signs.H. S. Bennett English Books and Readers 1475 to 1557: Being a Study in the History of the Book Trade from Caxton to the Incorporation of the Stationers' Company https://books.google.com/books?id=0_EIgDPqXGcC&pg=PA114 1989 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-37988-5 114 German adventurer Hans Staden publishes a widely translated account of his detention by the Tupí people of Brazil, de Warhaftige Historia und beschreibung eyner Landtschafft der Wilden Nacketen, Grimmigen Menschfresser-Leuthen in der Newenwelt America gelegen ("True Story and Description of a Country of Wild, Naked, Grim, Man-eating People in the New World, America").Sá Lúcia Rain Forest Literatures: Amazonian Texts and Latin American Culture 2004 U of Minnesota Press 978-1-4529-0677-5 93 https://books.google.com/books?id=qSss5qWjLt4C&dq=hans+staden+tupi+Warhaftige+Historia+und+beschreibung+eyner+Landtschafft+%221557%22&pg=PA93 17 October 2023 en Births thumb|110px|Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor January 1 – Stephen Bocskay, Prince of Transylvania (d. 1606)Nóra G. Etényi Szabó Péter Horn Ildikó Koronás fejedelem: Bocskai István és kora 2006 General Press 978-963-9648-27-2 27 https://books.google.com/books?id=BQgiAQAAIAAJ&q=Bocskai+Istv%C3%A1n+%221557.+janu%C3%A1r+1.%22 17 October 2023 hu February 11 – Johannes Wtenbogaert, Leader of the Remonstrants (d. 1644)Reitsma Johannes Geschiedenis van de Hervorming en de Hervormde Kerk der Nederlanden 1899 Wolters 157 https://books.google.com/books?id=tWUNAAAAYAAJ&dq=Johannes+Wtenbogaert+%2211+februari+1557%22&pg=PA157 17 October 2023 nl February 15 Alfonso Fontanelli, Italian composer (d. 1622)Galilei Galileo Le opere di Galileo Galilei 1909 Tip. di G. Barbèra 443 https://books.google.com/books?id=lLlBAQAAMAAJ&dq=Alfonso+Fontanelli+%2215+febbraio+1557%22&pg=PA443 17 October 2023 it Vittoria Accoramboni, Italian noblewoman (d. 1585)Gnoli Domenico Vittoria Accoramboni 1870 Successori Le Monnier 18 https://books.google.com/books?id=cmefH8WuaqcC&dq=Vittoria+Accoramboni+%2215+febbraio+1557%22&pg=PA18 17 October 2023 it February 24 – Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1619)Daniels Alexander von Handbuch der deutschen Reichs und Staatenrechsgeschichte 1862 Laupp & Siebeck 505 https://books.google.com/books?id=HWFGAAAAYAAJ&dq=Matthias+kaiser+%2224+februar+1557%22&pg=PA505 17 October 2023 de March 1 – Anne Howard, Countess of Arundel, English countess and poet (d. 1630)Howard [Dacre], Anne, countess of Arundel https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-1007870 2004 17 October 2023 en March 22 – Casimir VI, Duke of Pomerania and Lutheran Administrator of Cammin Prince-Bishopric (d. 1605)WUTSTRACK Christian Friedrich Kurze historisch-geographisch-statische Beschreibung von dem königlichpreussischen Herzogthume Vor- und Hinter-Pommern, etc 1793 Johann Samuel Leich 134 https://books.google.com/books?id=6q7PvyAgEC4C&dq=Kasimir+VI+22+marz+1557&pg=PA134 17 October 2023 de March 25 – Maddalena Aceiaiuoli, Tuscan noblewoman and poet (d. 1610)SALVETTI, Maddalena - Enciclopedia https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/maddalena-salvetti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ 2025-10-08 Treccani it April 4 – Lew Sapieha, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d. 1633)Spórna Marcin Słownik najsłynniejszych wodzów i dowódców polskich 2006 Zielona Sowa 978-83-7435-094-5 395 https://books.google.com/books?id=F7TeAAAAMAAJ&q=%20%224%20kwietnia%201557%22 17 October 2023 pl April 11 – Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein (d. 1597)Beitelrock Johann Michael Geschichte des Herzogthums Neuburg oder der jungen Pfalz 1863 Wailandt 15 https://books.google.com/books?id=LmRFAAAAcAAJ&dq=Friedrich+pfalz+%2211+april+1557%22&pg=PA15 17 October 2023 de May 5 – Emanuel Philibert de Lalaing, Belgian noble and army commander (d. 1590)Mémoires couronnés et autres mémoires: Collection in-8°. ... 1882 Hayez 156 https://books.google.com/books?id=5VOUSJdtqXsC&dq=Emanuel+Filibert+van+Lalaing+%225+mei+1557%22&pg=RA2-PA156 17 October 2023 nl May 31 – Tsar Feodor I of Russia (d. 1598)Морозова Л. Е. Два царя: Федор и Борис 2001 Русское слово 978-5-8253-0160-0 15 https://books.google.com/books?id=e8YiAQAAIAAJ&q=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80+I+%C2%AB31+%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F+1557+%D0%B3.%C2%BB 17 October 2023 ru June 28 – Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (d. 1595)Jr James D. Taylor Complete State Trials of the Tudor Era 1 May 2019 Algora Publishing 978-1-62894-377-1 397 https://books.google.com/books?id=br2XDwAAQBAJ&dq=Philip+Howard+%2228+june+1557%22&pg=PA397 18 October 2023 en August 2 – At Colchester in England, 10 convicted Protestant heretics are burned at the stake. August 16 – Agostino Carracci, Italian painter and graphical artist (d. 1602)Il Seicento europeo: Realismo, classicismo, barocco 1968 De Luca 87 https://books.google.com/books?id=DmksAQAAIAAJ&q=%2216%20agosto%201557%22 18 October 2023 it August 19 – Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1608)Landtag Württemberg Württemberg Landtagsakten 1910 Kolhammer 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=npAUAQAAIAAJ&dq=Friedrich+I+W%C3%BCrttemberg+%2219+august+1557%22&pg=PA1 18 October 2023 de August 26 – Sibylle of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by birth and by marriage Margravine of Burgau (d. 1628)Kleinschmidt Arthur Augsburg, Nürnberg und ihre Handelsfürsten im fünfzehnten und sechzehnten Jahrhunderte 1881 Kay 170 https://books.google.com/books?id=G3fLvM_nYawC&dq=Sibylle+von+J%C3%BClich+%2226+august+1557%22&pg=PA170 18 October 2023 de September 4 – Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, Danish-Norwegian royal consort (d. 1631)Stuth Steffen Höfe und Residenzen: Untersuchungen zu den Höfen der Herzöge von Mecklenburg im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert 2001 Edition Temmen 978-3-86108-778-6 120 https://books.google.com/books?id=PhBoAAAAMAAJ&q=Sophie+af+Mecklenburg+%224+september+1557%22 18 October 2023 de September 11 – Joseph Calasanz, Spanish priest and founder of Piarists (d. 1648)Escolapios insignes por su piedad religiosa desde el origen 1899 San Francisco de Sales 11 https://books.google.com/books?id=RFkzAQAAMAAJ&dq=Jos%C3%A9+Calasanz+%2211+de+septiembre+de+1557%22&pg=PA11 18 October 2023 es September 16 – Jacques Mauduit, French composer (d. 1627)Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung 1842 Breitkopf und Härtel 74 https://books.google.com/books?id=rwgVAAAAQAAJ&dq=Jacques+Mauduit+%2216+september+1557%22&pg=PA73 18 October 2023 de October 5 – Antoine Favre, Savoisian lawyer, first President of the Sovereign Senate of Savoy (d. 1624)Dufayard Charles Histoire de Savoie 1914 Boivin 186 https://books.google.com/books?id=gji5V75DymcC&dq=Antoine+Favre+%225+octobre+1557%22&pg=PA186 18 October 2023 fr date unknown Giovanni Croce, Italian composer (d. 1609)Drennan Jonathan R. J. Requiems by Giovanni Croce and Giovanni Rovetta: The Requiem Mass at St. Mark's, Venice, in the Seventeenth Century September 2023 A-R Editions, Inc. 978-1-9872-0865-8 xi https://books.google.com/books?id=Of7XEAAAQBAJ&dq=Giovanni+Croce+%221557%22+Chioggia&pg=PR11 18 October 2023 en Balthasar Gérard, assassin of William I of Orange (d. 1584)Correspondance de Guillaume le taciturne, prince d'Orange, publiée pour la première fois, suivie de pièces inédits sur l'assassinat de ce prince et sur les récompenses accordées par Philippe 2. à la famille de Balthazar Gérard par m. Gachard: Tome 6 1857 C. Muquard xc https://books.google.com/books?id=sN8-hLzdn9sC&dq=Balthasar+G%C3%A9rard+%221557%22+Vuillafans&pg=PR90 18 October 2023 fr Toda Katsushige, Japanese warlord (d. 1600) Olaus Martini, Archbishop of Uppsala (d. 1609)Fnat Johan Erik Upsala Arkestifts Herdaminne. Hft. 1-7 1842 Wahlstrom & Lastbom 19 https://books.google.com/books?id=6YldAAAAcAAJ&dq=Olaus+Martini+%221557%22&pg=PA19 18 October 2023 sv Thomas Morley, English composer (d. 1602)Murray Tessa Thomas Morley: Elizabethan Music Publisher 2014 Boydell & Brewer Ltd 978-1-84383-960-6 4 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzQ3BAAAQBAJ&q=1557 18 October 2023 en Oda Nobutada, Japanese general (d. 1582)O-umajirushi: A 17th-Century Compendium of Samurai Heraldry 2 February 2015 The Academy of the Four Directions 978-0-692-37740-6 114 https://books.google.com/books?id=0BCzCAAAQBAJ&dq=Oda+Nobutada+%221557%22&pg=PR151 18 October 2023 en probable – Giovanni Gabrieli, Italian composer and organist (d. 1612)Apel Willi Italian Violin Music of the Seventeenth Century 1990 Indiana University Press 978-0-253-30683-8 15 https://books.google.com/books?id=DP5i52zOXcIC&dq=Giovanni+Gabrieli+%221557%22&pg=PA15 18 October 2023 en Deaths thumb|110px|John III of Portugal thumb|110px|Jacques Cartier thumb|110px|Emperor Go-Nara of Japan January 2 – Pontormo, Italian painter (b. 1494)Tazartes Maurizia Il "ghiribizzoso" Pontormo 2008 M. Pagliai 978-88-564-0036-6 188 https://books.google.com/books?id=Vh5HAQAAIAAJ&q=%222%20gennaio%201557%22 19 October 2023 itCARUCCI, Iacopo, detto il Pontormo https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/carucci-iacopo-detto-il-pontormo_(Dizionario-Biografico) www.treccani.it 19 October 2023 it-IT January 4 – Philip, Duke of Mecklenburg, (b. 1514)Spengler Ludwig Die Geisteskrankheit des Herzogs Philipp von Mecklenburg 1863 Heuser 24 https://books.google.com/books?id=35fyz-6stc8C&dq=Philipp,+Herzog+zu+Mecklenburg+%224+januar+1557%22&pg=PA24 19 October 2023 de January 8 – Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach ("Albert the Warlike"), Prince of Bayreuth (b. 1522)Albert II Alcibiades margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach Britannica https://www.britannica.com/biography/Albert-II-Alcibiades www.britannica.com 16 March 2022 en March 13 – Louis de Bourbon de Vendôme, French cardinal (b. 1493)The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of July 1, 1517 https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1517-ii.htm#Bourbon cardinals.fiu.edu 19 October 2023 April 9 – Mikael Agricola, Finnish scholar (b. c. 1510)Häkkinen Kaisa Spreading the Written Word: Mikael Agricola and the Birth of Literary Finnish 30 October 2015 Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura 978-952-222-755-3 139 https://books.google.com/books?id=cP1vEAAAQBAJ&q=%20%229%20april%201557%22 19 October 2023 en April 24 – Georg Rörer, German theologian (b. 1492)Speer Christian Michel Stefan Georg Rörer (1492–1557): Der Chronist der Wittenberger Reformation 13 March 2012 Evangelische Verlagsanstalt 978-3-374-03659-2 30 https://books.google.com/books?id=qywjEAAAQBAJ&q=%2224%20april%201557%22 19 October 2023 de April 29 – Lautaro, Mapuche warrior (b. 1534)Parish Graeme Image of Chile 1972 C. Knight 978-0-85314-147-1 51 https://books.google.com/books?id=9V4KAQAAIAAJ&q=Lautaro+%2229+april+1557%22 19 October 2023 en May 18 – John II, Count Palatine of Simmern, Count Palatine of Simmern (1509-1557) (b. 1492)Johann II. https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119047918.html www.deutsche-biographie.de 19 October 2023 de June 10 – Leandro Bassano, Italian painter (d. 1622)Sesso Livia Alberton Vinco Da Dal Ponte : a dynasty of painters 1992 Ghedina & Tassotti 978-88-7691-101-9 81 https://books.google.com/books?id=jQozAQAAIAAJ&q=%20%2210%20giugno%201557%22 17 October 2023 it June 11 – King John III of Portugal (b. 1502)Livermore H. V. A New History of Portugal 2 January 1966 CUP Archive 151 https://books.google.com/books?id=voE6AAAAIAAJ&dq=John+III+%2211+june+1557%22&pg=PA151 19 October 2023 en July 10 – Giovanni Battista Ramusio, Italian geographer (b. 1485)Enciclopedia italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti 1929 Istituto Giovanni Treccani 820 https://books.google.com/books?id=TutbNmAHWk0C&q=%2210%20luglio%201557%22 19 October 2023 it July 16 – Anne of Cleves, fourth queen of Henry VIII of England (b. 1515)Anne of Cleves Biography & Facts https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anne-of-Cleves-queen-of-England Encyclopedia Britannica 21 September 2020 en August 1 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish ecclesiastic and writer (b. 1490)Nordisk tidskrift för bok- och biblioteksväsen 1986 Almqvist and Wiksells boktryckeri-a.-b 10 https://books.google.com/books?id=swxJAQAAIAAJ&q=%221%20augusti%201557%22 19 October 2023 sv August 18 – Claude de la Sengle, 48th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1494)The Grand Masters of Malta https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/108695/1/Grand%20Masters%20of%20Malta.pdf um.edu.mt 19 October 2023 September 1 – Jacques Cartier, French explorer (b. 1491)International Hydrographic Review https://books.google.com/books?id=pz0dAQAAIAAJ 1984 International Hydrographic Bureau 10 September 13 – John Cheke, English classical scholar and statesman (b. 1514)Copsey Tony Suffolk Writers from the Beginning Until 1800: A Catalogue of Suffolk Authors with Some Account of Their Lives and a List of Their Writings 2000 Book Company 978-0-9522970-1-7 103 https://books.google.com/books?id=I1QfAQAAIAAJ&q=%20%2213%20september%201557%22 19 October 2023 en September 15 – Juan Álvarez de Toledo, Spanish Catholic cardinal (b. 1488)The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 20, 1538 https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1538-ii.htm#Alvarez cardinals.fiu.edu 19 October 2023 September 27 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1495) October 5 or October 6 – Kamran Mirza, Mughal prince (b. 1509)Lari Suhail Zaheer A History of Sindh 1994 Oxford University Press 978-0-19-577501-3 114 https://books.google.com/books?id=LfFtAAAAMAAJ&q=5%20october%201557%22 19 October 2023 en October 20 – Jean Salmon Macrin, French poet (b. 1490)Mémoires de la Société des antiquaires de l'Ouest 1908 Société des antiquaires de l'Ouest 373 https://books.google.com/books?id=rVhNAAAAMAAJ&dq=Jean+Salmon+Macrin+%2220+octobre+1557%22&pg=PA373 19 October 2023 fr October 25 – William Cavendish, English courtier (b. 1505)Chambers Edmund Kerchever The Elizabethan Stage 1923 Clarendon Press 62 https://books.google.com/books?id=CF9SAAAAMAAJ&dq=William+Cavendish+%2225+october+1557%22&pg=PA62 19 October 2023 en November 19 Bona Sforza, queen of Sigismund I of Poland (b. 1494)Welti Manfred Edwin Giovanni Bernardino Bonifacio, marchese d'Oria, im Exil, 1557-1597 1976 Librairie Droz 978-2-600-03063-2 58 https://books.google.com/books?id=0yf1UmGsIHAC&dq=Bona+Sforza+%2219+november+1557%22&pg=PA58 19 October 2023 de Maria de' Medici, Italian noble (b. 1540)Murphy Caroline Isabella De' Medici: The Glorious Life and Tragic End of a Renaissance Princess 2008 Faber & Faber 978-0-571-23030-3 63 https://books.google.com/books?id=dHUiAQAAIAAJ&q=%2219%20november%201557%22 19 October 2023 en December 6 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Hereditary Princess of Saxony (b. 1502)Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 1965 Historische Kommission für Hessen 23 https://books.google.com/books?id=SoMTAQAAMAAJ&q=%226%20dezember%201557%22 20 October 2023 de December 13 – Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia, Italian mathematician (b. 1499)Gliozzi Mario A History of Physics from Antiquity to the Enlightenment 2 March 2022 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 978-1-5275-8077-0 75 https://books.google.com/books?id=1HVjEAAAQBAJ&dq=Nicolo+Tartaglia+%2213+december+1557%22&pg=PA75 20 October 2023 enTartaglia - Biography https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Tartaglia/ Maths History 20 October 2023 en December 27 – Queen Dangyeong, Korean royal consort (b. 1487) date unknown Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, Spanish historian (b. 1478)McGlynn Margaret Bartlett Kenneth R. The Renaissance and Reformation in Northern Europe 23 October 2014 University of Toronto Press 978-1-4426-0716-3 191 https://books.google.com/books?id=h-I7BQAAQBAJ&dq=Oviedo+%221557%22+Valladolid&pg=PA191 20 October 2023 en Charlotte Guillard, French printerBeech Beatrice Charlotte Guillard: A Sixteenth-Century Business Woman* Renaissance Quarterly October 1983 36 3 345–367 10.2307/2862159 2862159 163711144 https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/renaissance-quarterly/article/abs/charlotte-guillard-a-sixteenthcentury-business-woman/253616D18F2ED8EB7495C6167DFB2221 20 October 2023 en 0034-4338 subscription Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts, French translator Geoffrey Glyn, English lawyerAcademi Gymreig The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales https://books.google.com/books?id=-ZEUAQAAIAAJ 2008 University of Wales Press 978-0-7083-1953-6 321 probable Sebastian Cabot, Italian-born English explorer (b. 1476)Cabot, Sebastian https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-4290 2004 20 October 2023 en Thomas Crecquillon, Flemish composer (b. 1490)Randel Don Michael The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music 1996 Harvard University Press 978-0-674-37299-3 185 https://books.google.com/books?id=jEGpMqRcQjIC&dq=Thomas+Crecquillon+%221557%22+B%C3%A9thune&pg=PA185 20 October 2023 en References