2014 Myanmar census

National census of Myanmar undertaken in 2014 November 2015 December 2019 April 2019 Myanmar census 2014 Myanmar Census 2014 logo.png Myanmar (Burma) 2014 03 30 y – 2014 04 10 y 51,486,253 45.6% Yangon Region (7,355,075) Kayah State (286,738) The Myanmar census 2014၂၀၁၄-ခု သန်းခေါင်စာရင်း ကောက်ယူမည့် ပုံစံအကြောင်း တစေ့တစောင်း http://www.m-mediagroup.com/news/9916 22 October 2013 M Media 10 January 2013 (my ၂၀၁၄ ခုနှစ် လူဦးရေနှင့် အိမ်အကြောင်းအရာ သန်းခေါင်စာရင်း)လူဦးရေနှင့်အိမ်အကြောင်းအရာ သန်းခေါင်စာရင်းဥပဒေပြဋ္ဌာန်း http://m.president-office.gov.mm/briefing-room/news/2013/07/31/id-3930 22 October 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20131023055933/http://m.president-office.gov.mm/briefing-room/news/2013/07/31/id-3930 23 October 2013 was a nationwide census between 30 March and 10 April 2014 in Myanmar (Burma).Census to provide first picture of population in 3 decades http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Census-to-provide-first-picture-of-population-in-3-30214978.html https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060023/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Census-to-provide-first-picture-of-population-in-3-30214978.html dead 23 October 2013 8 October 2013 The Nation 17 September 2013 100,000 school teachers counted the population at midnight 29 March.Challenges ahead of Myanmar's first census in 30 years http://www.irinnews.org/report/97609/ 8 October 2013 IRIN 8 March 2013 The theme of the census campaign was A nationwide census – Let us all Participate.UNFPA staff to rally public support for 2014 Myanmar census http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/myanmar/2013/09/27/8051/unfpa_staff_to_rally_public_support_for_2014_myanmar_census/ UNFPA Myanmar 8 October 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060344/http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/myanmar/2013/09/27/8051/unfpa_staff_to_rally_public_support_for_2014_myanmar_census/ 23 October 2013 dmy-all http://www.moi.gov.mm/npe/nlm/download/file/fid/713 As census begins, Immigration and Population Ministry takes data of President's family The New Light of Myanmar 31 March 2014 3 April 2014 1 Introduction Census in Myanmar The government officially recognises 135 ethnic groups.https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/interactive/2017/03/myanmar-major-ethnic-groups-live-170309143208539.html Myanmar: Major ethnic groups and where they live www.aljazeera.com 2019-05-25 Major groups include the majority Bamar ethnic group, and the Chin, Karen, Kayah, Kachin, Mon, Rakhine and Shan, each of which gives its name to a state. The earliest recorded Burmese census was taken in 1359 in the Pinya Kingdom. The first nationwide census was taken in 1638, and it was followed by two other nationwide censuses in 1784 and 1803.Harvey G. E. History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 Frank Cass & Co. Ltd 1925 London 194, 269–270 The first modern census was taken in 1891 in the British colonial period. It was carried out in 10-year intervals until 1941.President U Thein Sein attends the meeting to clarify country-wide census-taking (2014) process http://m.president-office.gov.mm/en/?q=briefing-room/news/2013/08/02/id-2497 22 October 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20131023061325/http://m.president-office.gov.mm/en/?q=briefing-room%2Fnews%2F2013%2F08%2F02%2Fid-2497 23 October 2013 After independence, the government conducted a census in 1953/54. Two more censuses were taken in 1973 and 1983 by Gen. Ne Win's military government. According to the 1983 census, the population of the country was 35,442,972, and the Bamar accounted for 69 per cent of the population.MYANMAR: Census offers hope to ethnic groups http://www.irinnews.org/report/95462/ 8 October 2013 IRIN 16 May 2012 The Burmese government estimated the population to be 60.98 million in October 2012, based on approximate reproduction rates.Spoorenberg Thomas 2013 Demographic changes in Myanmar since 1983: An examination of official data Population and Development Review 39 2 309–324 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2013.00593.x Spoorenberg Thomas 2015 Myanmar's first census in more than 30 years: A radical revision of the official population count Population & Societies December 2015 527 1–4 http://www.ined.fr/en/publications/population-and-societies/first-census-in-burma-for-over30-years/ Spoorenberg Thomas November 2015 Myanmar's first census in more than 30 years: A radical revision of the official population count Population & Societies 527 1–4 http://www.ined.fr/fichier/s_rubrique/24592/population.societies.2015.527.census.birma.en.en.pdf The census was taken in 80,985 areas across the nation. Officials prepared 41 questions for households and 11 questions for organizations. Challenges The census faces several challenges. In the past censuses of 1973 and 1983, the country's ongoing armed conflicts put many parts of the country out of reach. As a result, several thousands of people (many of whom were hill-tribe peoples) in border regions were never counted. Another challenge is to ensure that everyone, regardless of citizenship, is counted. These include the Rohingya in northern Rakhine State, who are officially classified as stateless, as well as hundreds of thousands of immigrants from China, who have illegally entered the country since the last census.http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/acd/cg/ir/college/bulletin/e-vol1/1-3shee.pdf The Political Economy of China–Myanmar Relations: Strategic and Economic Dimensions Poon Kim Shee 2002 Ritsumeikan Annual Review of International Studies 15 October 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052220/http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/acd/cg/ir/college/bulletin/e-vol1/1-3shee.pdf 4 March 2016 Other challenges include a systemic lack of expertise—most of the civil servants who worked on the 1973 and 1983 censuses are now retired or deceased/unfindable, low levels of awareness among the population about the census, and the difficulty of reaching areas with active fighting such as Kachin State, Shan State and Kayin State. The Burmese government plansMay 2019 in the 2014 census to count Burmese refugees living in Thailand, who are estimated to number 130,000 people and Burmese nationals living abroad. Rohingya, described as Bengalis in Myanmar, will be counted under the "Other" ethnicity category on the census, along with ethnic Chinese and Pakistani residents.MYO ZAW LINN Burma to count Thailand refugees in 2014 census http://www.dvb.no/news/burma-to-count-thailand-refugees-in-2014-census/34045 31 October 2013 DVB 31 October 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20151117032945/http://www.dvb.no/news/burma-to-count-thailand-refugees-in-2014-census/34045 17 November 2015 On 29 March 2014, the government banned the word Rohingya and asked Muslims to register themselves as Bengalis despite UN assurances.http://www.digitaljournal.com/news/world/myanmar-bans-rohingya-term-from-census/article/378773 Myanmar bans 'Rohingya' term from census Digitaljournal.com 14 February 2014 30 March 2014http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/no-registration-for-rohingya-in-myanmar-census/article5849870.ece No registration for 'Rohingya' in Myanmar census The Hindu 29 March 2014 subscription 30 March 2014https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-26807239 BBC News - Burma census bans people registering as Rohingya Bbc.com 30 March 2014 30 March 2014 BBC News In protest, most Rohingyas boycotted the census.Rohingya boat people: Myanmar's shame https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21651877-poverty-politics-and-despair-are-forcing-thousands-rohingyas-flee-myanmar-authorities 25 May 2015 The Economist 23 May 2015 On 16 March 2014, Rakhine mobs protested across Rakhine State, egged on by monk Ashin Wirathu demanding that the census be stopped or changed to prevent the Rohingyas from being able to define their ethnicity. Furthermore, according to The Economist, "There are also fears of a backlash from Buddhist nationalists, should the census show, as many think it will, that the Muslim population is more than double the official estimate of 4 million."https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21599404-ill-considered-headcount-stirs-anger-and-mistrust-too-much-information A census in Myanmar: Too much information: An ill-considered headcount stirs anger and mistrust The Economist 25 March 2014 3 April 2014 International support The United Nations has agreed to assist the Burmese government in conducting the census. In the two years leading up to the census, UNFPA assisted in surveyor training and drafting the census forms. The estimated total cost of the census is US$58.5 million, of which the Burmese government is paying US$15 million. The UNFPA is contributing US$5 million and Britain's Department for International Development (DFID) has donated over US$16 million.Watson Angus http://www.dvb.no/analysis/burmas-badly-needed-census-may-have-come-too-soon-burma-myanmar/38975 Burma's badly needed census may have come too soon | DVB Multimedia Group Dvb.no 26 March 2014 1 April 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140328133007/http://www.dvb.no/analysis/burmas-badly-needed-census-may-have-come-too-soon-burma-myanmar/38975 28 March 2014 The United Nations and foreign governments including the United States, and Australia have pledged to help bridge the gap.Myanmar Prepares for First Census in Three Decades http://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/census-09192013150846.html 8 October 2013 Radio Free Asia 19 September 2013 Population profile Provisional results Provisional results were released in August 2014. The data were from the Enumeration Area Summary sheets, completed by enumerators and verified by supervisors in the field. The provisional results provided the total population by sex and administrative unit, from national, state/region, district down to township level. It also showed the population sizes of Yangon, Mandalay, Naypyidaw and state/region capitals. Other information included were indicators such as sex ratio and population density.http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/myanmar/drive/SummmaryoftheProvisionalResults.pdf Summary of the Provisional Results Ministry of Immigration and Population August 2014 31 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140903142929/http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/myanmar/drive/SummmaryoftheProvisionalResults.pdf 3 September 2014 dmy-all The results showed that the total population is 51,419,420—a figure well below the last available official population estimate of 60.98 million in October 2012.Spoorenberg Thomas 2015 Provisional results of the 2014 census of Myanmar: The surprise that wasn't Asian Population Studies 11 1 4–6 10.1080/17441730.2014.972084 154114929 This total population included 50,213,067 persons counted during the census and an estimated 1,206,353 persons in parts of northern Rakhine State, Kachin State and Kayin State who were not counted. More females (51.8%) were counted than males (48.2%). People who were out of the country at the time of the census are not included in these figures. Proportion of population The most populated areas were Yangon Region (14.3%), Ayeyawady Region (12.0%) and Mandalay Region (12.0%). The least populated areas were Naypyidaw Union Territory (2.3%), Chin State (0.9%) and Kayah State (0.6%). Sex ratio Overall, there were 93 males for every 100 females in the country. Only in Kachin State were there more males than females; in Kayah and Shan State the numbers of males and females were almost equal. The rest of the states and regions had more females than males. Population in towns and cities There were 14,864,119 persons living in Wards (urban areas) throughout the country. This represented 29.6% of the total population. Yangon Region was the most urbanised (70.1%), followed by Kachin State (36.0%). Magway Region (15.1%) and Ayeyawady Region (14.1%) were the least urbanised. Population density The results showed a nationwide population density of 76 /km2. Yangon Region was the most densely populated Region, (723 /km2), followed by Mandalay (206 /km2). The least densely populated States were Kachin State (19 /km2) and Chin State (13 /km2). Average household sizes The provisional census results indicated that there were 10,889,348 households in Myanmar. On average, 4.4 people lived in each household in the country. The average household size was highest in Kachin State and Chin State at 5.1. The lowest household sizes were observed in Ayeyawady Region, Bago Region, Magway Region and Naypyidaw Union Territory, each at 4.1. Main results The main results, released in May 2015, comprise two series of publications containing detailed national and regional information, and a report for each of the 15 states and regions in the country. It contains text, tables, graphs and maps on the size and geographical distribution of the population by sex and age, marital status, education, economic characteristics, fertility, mortality, migration and the characteristics of housing units and household amenities. The publication of main census results that require manual coding and further consultations is planned for early 2016. This publication will contain thematic analysis reports on the major topics covered in the census.The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census Highlights of the Main Results Census Report Volume 2 – A Department of Population Ministry of Immigration and Population 2015 Migrants who had left to neighboring nations for work were naturally not included in population reports. A fair percentage had returned after the census due to undocumented labor crackdowns. See also List of townships of Myanmar by total fertility rate References 30em External links Summary of Provisional Results (2014) Provisional Results (August 2014) Census Category:Censuses in Myanmar Burma