15th G7 summit

1989 international leader meeting in France July 2026 15th G7 summit La Grande Arche de la Défense.jpg The Grande Arche in La Défense at the outskirts of Paris France 14–16 July 1989 Grande Arche Puteaux 16th G7 summit 14th G7 summit The 15th G7 Summit was held in the business district of La Défense to the west of Paris, France between 14 and 16 July 1989. The venue for the summit meetings was the Grande Arche in PuteauxJapan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): Summit Meetings in the Past. which was rushed to completion for celebrations marking the bicentennial of the French Revolution and for the world economic summit meeting that was held in the top of the Arche."James, Barry. For the Grande Arche, Not-So-Grand Notices," New York Times. July 1, 1991. This event was also called the "Summit of the Arch."Hajnal, Peter I. (1999). Bi5JO7FFk7UC The G8 System and the G20: Evolution, Role and Documentation, p. 32. 32 The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976),Saunders, Doug. "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders," https://web.archive.org/web/20081011063004/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists 11 October 2008 Globe and Mail (Toronto). 5 July 2008. and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).Reuters: "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?", 3 July 2008. The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205. Leaders at the summit thumb|Summit leaders at the Grande Arche: (left to right) Jacques Delors, Ciriaco De Mita, Helmut Kohl, George H. W. Bush, François Mitterrand, Margaret Thatcher, Brian Mulroney, and Sousuke Uno The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The 15th G7 summit was the first summit for US President George H. W. Bush and was the last summit for Italian Prime Minister Ciriaco De Mita. It was also the first and only summit for Japanese Prime Minister Sōsuke Uno. Participants These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:Rieffel, Lex. "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV)," https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx 3 June 2010 Brookings. 27 March 2009; "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site). https://web.archive.org/web/20100602190742/http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ 2 June 2010 MOFA: Summit (15); European Union: "EU and the G8" https://web.archive.org/web/20070226165606/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php 26 February 2007 Core G7 membersHost state and leader are shown in bold text. Member Represented by Title CAN Canada Brian Mulroney Prime Minister FRA 1974 France François Mitterrand President West Germany West Germany Helmut Kohl Chancellor Italy Italy Ciriaco De Mita Prime Minister Japan 1947 Japan Sōsuke Uno Prime Minister UK United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher Prime Minister US United States George H. W. Bush President European Union European Community Jacques Delors Commission President François Mitterrand Council President The heads of state and government of over a dozen developing countries were also represented at this summit gathering in Paris.Markham, James M. "All French Divided Over How to Do the Fete," New York Times. 18 June 1989; "G7, G8, G10, G21, G22, G26," The Economist. retrieved 5 July 2010. Issues The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions. Issues which were discussed at this summit included: International Economic Situation International Monetary Developments and Coordination Improving Economic Efficiency Trade Issues General Problems of Development The Situation in the Poorest Countries Strengthened Debt Strategy for the Heavily Indebted Countries Environment Drug Issues International Cooperation against AIDS Gallery of participating leaders Core G7 participants Accomplishments While the agenda-setting or parameter-setting functions of the summit are important, the associated action or inaction which comes afterwards is important as well. These remain conceptually distinct aspects of the G7 summits.Kokotsis, Eleonore. (1999). L4Ge3R3Wf0wC Keeping International Commitments: Compliance, Credibility, and the G7, 1988–1995, p. 32 n. 13. 32 A symbol of the mixed legacy of this summit is the Grande Arche itself. The total expenditure on the building reached 3.74 billion francs, all but 5.7 percent of which was covered by private investors, with the state remaining owner of the roof area; and yet, in 2001, parts of the facade were falling off.Knorr, Katherine. "Reassessing Mitterrand's Legacy : Of Monuments—and Monumental Errors," New York Times. 3 May 2001. A Frommer's review in 2010 characterizes it as a "politician's folly." "La Grande Arche de La Défense," New York Times. accessed 5 July 2010. In 1989, the summit leaders called for "adoption of sustainable forest management practices, with a view to preserving the scale of the world's forests," but there is little evidence of follow-up action.Sadruddin, Aga Khan. "It's Time to Save the Forests," New York Times. 19 July 2000. See also G8 Notes 2 References Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal. Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing. 978-0-7546-1185-1; OCLC 43186692 Hajnal, Peter I. (1999). The G8 system and the G20 : Evolution, Role and Documentation. Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing. 978-0-7546-4550-4; 277231920 Kokotsis, Eleonore. (1999). Keeping International Commitments: Compliance, Credibility, and the G7, 1988–1995. New York: Garland Publishing. 978-0-8153-3332-6; 40460131 Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations. London: Routledge. 978-0-415-16486-3; 978-0-203-45085-7; 39013643 External links No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 – see the 21st G7 summit. University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, G8 Information Centre G7 1989, delegations & documents G7 summit G7 summit Category:1989 in international relations Category:1989 in Paris G7 summit 1989 G7 summit 1989 Category:Organised events in Paris 1989 Category:July 1989 in Europe G7 summit 1989 G7 summit 1989 Category:Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration