1869 in science

none 1869 science 1869 The year 1869 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Events November 4 – The first issue of scientific journal Nature is published in London, edited by Norman Lockyer. Chemistry 300px|thumb|left|Mendeleev's 1869 periodic table March 6 – Dmitri Mendeleev makes a formal presentation of his periodic table to the Russian Chemical Society. June 15 – John Wesley Hyatt patents celluloid, in Albany, New York. July 15 – Hippolyte Mège-Mouriès files a patent for margarine (as oleomargarine) in France as a beef tallow and skimmed milk substitute for butter. German chemist Lothar Meyer makes a formal presentation of the revised and expanded version of his independently-created 1864 periodic table, „Die Natur der chemischen Elemente als Funktion ihrer Atomgewichte". Publication of Adolphe Wurtz's Dictionnaire de chimie pure et appliquée begins in Paris. Life sciences April 6 – The American Museum of Natural History is founded in New York. June 24 – Sea Birds Preservation Act passed in the United Kingdom, preventing killing of designated species during the breeding season, the first Act to offer any protection to British wild birds.Barclay-Smith Phyllis 1959 http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120816053/abstract The British contribution to bird protection Ibis 101 1 115–122 10.1111/j.1474-919X.1959.tb02363.x 2021-02-16 2013-01-05 https://archive.today/20130105075744/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120816053/abstract dead subscription Paul Langerhans discovers the pancreatic islets. Friedrich Miescher discovers deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the pus of discarded surgical bandages. Found in the nuclei of cells, Miescher names it "nuclein". Neurasthenia is first published as a diagnosis in psychopathology by Michigan alienist E. H. Van Deusen of the Kalamazoo asylumVan Deusen E. H. Observations on a form of nervous prostration (neurasthenia) culminating in insanity American Journal of Insanity April 1869 25 4 445–461 10.1176/ajp.25.4.445 https://zenodo.org/record/1448629 followed a few months later by New York neurologist George Miller Beard.Beard George 1869 Neurasthenia, or nervous exhaustion The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal 80 13 217–221 10.1056/NEJM186904290801301 https://zenodo.org/record/2086793 French missionary and naturalist Père Armand David receives the skin of a giant panda from a hunter, the first time this species has become known to a Westerner;http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/441032/giant-panda Giant Panda 2010 Encyclopædia Britannica Online 2010-08-09 he also first describes a specimen of the "pocket handkerchief tree", which will be named in his honor as Davidia involucrata. Alfred Russel Wallace publishes The Malay Archipelago. Mathematics W. Stanley Jevons publishes The Substitution of Similars and has a "Logic Piano" constructed to work out problems in symbolic logic.Ivor Grattan-Guinness Grattan-Guinness Ivor 2000 The Search for Mathematical Roots, 1870–1940 Princeton University Press 978-0-691-05857-3 Hermann Schwarz devises Schwarz–Christoffel mapping. Technology Approximate date – Henry Christopher Mance develops a practical military heliograph in the British Raj.Woods Daniel Military Communications: From Ancient Times to the 21st Century 2008 ABC-CLIO 978-1851097326 208 https://books.google.com/books?id=RBC2nY1rp5MC&dq=heliograph&pg=PA211 Heliograph and Mirrors Sterling, ChristopherMance Henry The Heliograph or Sun Telegraph United Service Institution of India 1872-02-10 1 5 123–130 2027/mdp.39015035103855?urlappend=%3Bseq=665 http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015035103855?urlappend=%3Bseq=665 2013-06-16Goode Samuel Mance's Heliograph, or Sun-Telegraph Journal of the Royal United Service Institution 1875-06-14 XIX LXXXIII 534–548 https://books.google.com/books?id=sA5KDfwzI3MC&pg=PA533 2011-06-21 10.1080/03071847509415772 Awards Copley Medal: Henri Victor RegnaultCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 23 July 2020 en Wollaston Medal for Geology: Henry Clifton Sorby Births February 14 – C. T. R. Wilson (died 1959), Scottish physicist and meteorologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics. February 27 – Alice Hamilton (died 1970), American physician.Barbara Sicherman Notable American Women: The Modern Period: a Biographical Dictionary Cambridge Belknap Press 1980 303 978-0-67462-733-8 https://books.google.com/books?id=CfGHM9KU7aEC&pg=PA303 April 8 – Harvey Cushing (died 1939), American neurosurgeon. April 17 – Robert Robertson (died 1949), Scottish-born chemist. June 19 – Christopher Addison (died 1951), English anatomist and politician. July 18 – Maria von Linden (died 1936), German bacteriologist and zoologist. August 23 – Robert Gunther (died 1940), English historian of science. October 3 – Robert W. Paul (died 1943), English pioneer of cinematography. November 23 – Valdemar Poulsen (died 1942), Danish audio engineer. December 16 – Bertha Lamme (died 1943), American electrical engineer. Helen Boyle (died 1957), British physician and psychologist. Deaths July 22 – John A. Roebling (born 1806), German American bridge engineer. July 28 – Carl Gustav Carus (born 1789), German physiologist and landscape painter. September 11 – Thomas Graham (born 1805), Scottish chemist. References Category:1860s in science Category:19th century in science