1 Kings 14

1 Kings, chapter 14 1 Kings 14 1 Kings 13 chapter 13 1 Kings 15 chapter 15 First book of Kings Old Testament 11 Nevi'im 4 Former Prophets Leningrad-codex-09-kings.pdf 250px The pages containing the Books of Kings (1 & 2 Kings) Leningrad Codex (1008 CE). 1 Kings 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Halley 1965 191Collins 2014 288 The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE.McKane 1993 324 1 Kings 12:1 to 16:14 documents the consolidation of the kingdoms of northern Israel and Judah:Dietrich 2007 241 this chapter focusses on the reigns of Jeroboam and Nadab in the northern kingdom and Rehoboam in the southern kingdom.Dietrich 2007 242–243 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language and since the 16th century is divided into 31 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).Würthwein 1995 73-74The whole book of 1 Kings is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.Codex Sinaiticus Old Testament references 1 Kings 14:21–24 9: 2 Chronicles 12:13–14 91 Kings 14, Berean Study Bible 1 Kings 14:25–31 9: 2 Chronicles 12:1–12 9 A breach between Ahijah of Shiloh and Jeroboam (14:1–20) After the event in previous chapter Jeroboam received a further rebuke from Ahijah of Shiloh, when he attempted to cheat the prophet who was already old and blind, to get a word about his sick child. Although Jeroboam's wife was well disguised, the prophet immediately recognized her (in contrast to Genesis 27) and mercilessly revealed that her child (also Jeroboam's) would die (thematically similar to 1 Samuel 9:1–10:16 and 2 Kings 1).Dietrich 2007 242 The same prophet who prophesied Jeroboam's rise to power (1 Kings 11:29–39) now forecasts the fall of Jeroboam's dynasty, because Jeroboam failed to behave like David.Dietrich 2007 242Coogan 2007 516 Hebrew Bible The end of Jeroboam's family would be dishonorable as the bodies of his family members would not be properly buried but would be eaten by 'dogs and birds' (verse 11, cf. 1 Samuel 31:8–13 for the significance of proper burial), and the fulfillment happened quickly in the second year of the reign of Jeroboam's son, Nadab (1 Kings 15:29–30).Dietrich 2007 242Coogan 2007 516 Hebrew Bible The pattern of prophecy and fulfilment are common in the books of Kings (cf. 1 Kings 11:29–31 9 then 12:15; 16:1–4 then 16:11–12; 21:21–23 then 22:38 + 2 Kings 9:36–37; 2 Kings 9:7–10 then 10:17; 21:10–15 then 24:2; 22:16–17 then 25:1–7), emphasizing that the history of Israel is dictated by its relationship to God.Dietrich 2007 242–243 Verse 15 For the Lord will smite Israel, as a reed is shaken in the water, and He will uproot Israel from this good land, which he gave to their fathers, and will scatter them beyond the river, because they have made their Asherah poles, provoking the Lord to anger.1 Kings 14:15 MEV MEV "Asherah poles": Hebrew: asherim.Note on 1 Kings 14:15 in NKJV Asherah was a leading Canaanite deity, wife/sister of El and goddess of fertility, commonly worshiped at shrines in or near groves of evergreen trees as well as places marked by wooden poles; God's people should burn or cut them down (Deuteronomy 12:3; 16:21; Judges 6:25, 28, 30; 2 Kings 18:4).Note [d] on 1 Kings 14:15 in NET Bible Without a strong, continuous dynasty in the northern kingdom of Israel, the land would know only the instability of 'a reed shaken (blown by the wind) in the water', and finally be exiled to places beyond "the River" (that is, "Euphrates") in Assyria.Coogan 2007 516–517 Hebrew Bible Verse 20 And the time that Jeroboam reigned was twenty-two years. And he slept with his fathers, and Nadab his son reigned in his place.1 Kings 14:20 ESV ESV "Twenty-two years": in Thiele's chronology (improved by McFall), Jeroboam became king between September 931 and April 930 BCE and died between September 910 and April 909 BCE.McFall 1991 no. 1 Rehoboam's reign in Judah and the attack of Shishak (14:21–31) The proper introductory formula, an editorial principe in Kings, is only now inserted for Rehoboam, although his reign was mentioned in the story of the kingdom's division.Dietrich 2007 243 It was mentioned twice (verses 21, 31) that Rehoboam's mother was an Ammonite, recalling Solomon's foreign wives and their idol-worship (1 Kings 11:1–8) that caused widespread idolatry in Judah (not confined to Jerusalem, as with Solomon).Dietrich 2007 243 Standard sentences (verses 22–24) were used repeatedly later in the books of Kings to build the case 'how breaches of the first commandment formed the underlying evil' which led to the downfall (and implicitly, exile) of the kingdom of Judah (and even earlier, the kingdom of [northern] Israel).Dietrich 2007 243Coogan 2007 517 Hebrew Bible Just five years after the death of Solomon, Pharaoh Shishak plundered the wealth that Solomon had accumulated as a high price of freedom for Jerusalem, a first sign of warning for 'the city that the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there' (verse 21).Dietrich 2007 243 The invasion of Shishak is documented in Egyptian sources and archaeological record, the first event in the Bible to have support from independent witnesses.Coogan 2007 517 Hebrew Bible Verse 21 And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the Lord did choose out of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there. And his mother's name was Naamah an Ammonitess.1 Kings 14:21 KJV KJV "Seventeen years": in Thiele's chronology (improved by McFall), Rehoboam became king between September 931 and April 930 BCE and died between April and September 913 BCE at the age of 58.McFall 1991 no. 2 Verse 25 It happened in the fifth year of King Rehoboam that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem.1 Kings 13:31–32 NKJV NKJV "The fifth year of King Rehoboam": in Thiele's chronology (improved by McFall), this ranges between September 926 and September 925 BCE.McFall 1991 no. 3 "Shishak" (Greek transliteration: "Sousakim"): the first Pharaoh mentioned by name in the Bible.Coogan 2007 511 Hebrew Bible He harbored and encouraged Jeroboam when the latter fled from Solomon to Egypt as a rebellious refugee, and was of a different dynasty from the father-in-law of Solomon.Jamieson, Robert; Fausset, Andrew Robert; Brown, David. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. "2 Chronicles 12". 1871. According to Septuagint (1 Kings 12:24e) he was related to Jeroboam through their wives (Jeroboam's wife was unnamed in the Masoretic Text, but called "Ano" in Septuagint) as follows: And Sousakim gave to Jeroboam Ano the eldest sister of Thekemina his wife, to him as wife; she was great among the king's daughters.1 Kings 12:24e, New English Translation of the SeptuagintBrenton Septuagint (English Translation) 1 Kings 12:24e. Most scholars support the identification by ChampollionLettres ecrites d'Egypte et de Nubie en 1828 et 1829 English translation: In this wonderful palace, I observed the portraits of most of the old Pharaohs known for their great deeds.... we see people fighting enemies Mandoueï of Egypt, and returning in triumph to his homeland, farther campaigns Ramses-Sesostris also Sésonchis dragging the foot of the Theban Triad (Amun, Mut and Khonsu) defeating thirty conquered nations, among which I found, as it should be, in full, Ioudahamalek, the kingdom of Judah, or the Jews. This matches the commentary in 3 Kings 14, which recounts the successful arrival of Sésonchis at Jerusalem: the identity that we have established between the Egyptian Sheschonck the Sésonchis of Manetho and Scheschôk or Shishak of the Bible, is confirmed in the most satisfactory manner. with Shoshenq I of the 22nd dynasty (ruled Egypt 945–924 BCE),Coogan 2007 635 Hebrew Bible who left behind "explicit records of a campaign into Canaan (scenes; a long list of Canaanite place-names from the Negev to Galilee; stelae), including a stela [found] at Megiddo",K.A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament, William Eerdmans & Co, 2003. pp. 10, 32–34, 607. Page 607 depicts the surviving fragment of Shoshenq I's Megiddo stela which bears this king's cartouche.http://www.archpark.org.il/ Home archpark.org.il 2021-06-19 2010-03-26 https://web.archive.org/web/20100326033429/http://www.archpark.org.il/ dead 'The First Oppressors: Shishak of Egypt' - BiblicalStudies.org pg1 and Bubastite Portal at Karnak, although Jerusalem was not mentioned in any of these campaign records. A common variant of Shoshenq's name omits its 'n' glyphs, resulting in a pronunciation like, "Shoshek".von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, page 257–258, 260–262, 264 Fringe theory identifications of Shishak Immanuel Velikovsky in his book Ages in Chaos, identified him with Thutmose III of the 18th dynasty.Immanuel Velikovsky Ages in Chaos London Sidgwick and Jackson 1953 1977 -0-283-35257-4 David Rohl's New Chronology identified him with Ramesses II of the 19th dynasty.David Rohl A Test of Time London Century 1995 978-0-7126-5913-0 Peter James identified him with Ramesses III of the 20th dynasty.James Peter 2017 The Levantine War-records of Ramesses III: Changing Attitudes, Past, Present and Future Antiguo Oriente 15 57–147 https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.centuries.co.uk%2F2017-levantine-james.pdf&pdf=true See also 22em Abijam or Abijah, king of Judah Ammon Chronicles of the Kings of Israel Chronicles of the Kings of Judah David Egypt Idolatry Israel Jerusalem Kingdom of Judah Nadab, king of Israel Prophet Sack of Jerusalem (925 BC) Shiloh Solomon Solomon's Temple Tirzah Related Bible parts: 1 Kings 11, 1 Kings 12, 1 Kings 13, 1 Kings 15, 2 Kings 23, 2 Chronicles 12 Notes References Sources Collins John J. Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures Chapter 14: 1 Kings 12 – 2 Kings 25 277–296 Fortress Press 2014 https://books.google.com/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ 978-1451469233 Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 978-0195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Dietrich Walter 13. 1 and 2 Kings The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 232–266 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Halley Henry H. Henry Hampton Halley Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary 24th (revised) Zondervan Publishing House 1965 https://archive.org/details/halleysbiblehand00henr registration 0-310-25720-4 Hayes Christine Introduction to the Bible Yale University Press 2015 https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC 978-0300188271 Leithart Peter J. 1 & 2 Kings Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible Brazos Press 2006 https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_gvin9G7LgC 978-1587431258 http://www.btinternet.com/~lmf12/TransGuide.pdf Leslie McFall Translation Guide to the Chronological Data in Kings and Chronicles Bibliotheca Sacra 148 1991 3–45 https://web.archive.org/web/20100827065339/http://www.btinternet.com/%7Elmf12/TransGuide.pdf dead 2010-08-27 McKane William Kings, Book of Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195046458 registration Oxford University Press 1993 409–413 978-0195046458 Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible Oxford University Press 1993 978-0195046458 Thiele, Edwin R., The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). 9780825438257 Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament Wm. B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Melachim I - I Kings - Chapter 14 (Judaica Press). Hebrew text and English translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) 1 Kings chapter 14. Bible Gateway 14