1961 Nobel Prize in Literature

20px 1961 Nobel Prize in Literature Ivo Andrić Swedish Academy 1901 https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1961/summary/ 1962 laureate S. Kragujevic, Ivo Andric, 1961.jpg "for the epic force with which he has traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from the history of his country." Anders Österling 26 October 1961 (announcement) 10 December 1961 (ceremony) Stockholm, Sweden 1960 Nobel Prize in Literature 1962 The 1961 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the YugoslavLampe 2000 91 Above all, he is renowned for his contributions to Yugoslav literature. When he was young, he wrote in his native Ijekavian dialect, but switched to the Ekavian dialect while living in the Yugoslav capital.Norris 1999 60Alexander 2006 391 The Nobel Committee lists him as a Yugoslav and identifies the language he used as Serbo-Croatian.Frenz 1999 561 writer Ivo Andrić (1892–1975) "for the epic force with which he has traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from the history of his country."The Nobel Prize in Literature 1961 nobelprize.orghttps://www.nytimes.com/1961/10/27/archives/yugoslav-author-wins-nobel-prize-dr-ivo-andric-honored-for-epic-for.html Yugoslav Authors Wins Nobel Prize; Dr. Ivo Andric Honored for 'Epic Force' of His Work 27 October 1961 1 April 2023 The New York Times Werner Wiskari He is the first and only Serbian recipient of the literature prize. Laureate Ivo Andrić Ivo Andrić began by writing poetry, and philosophers like Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Kafka and Goethe had an impact on his philosophical views. But his preferred literary form would be the historical epic. The fates of people are illuminated against a historical, cultural, and religious backdrop in Andrić's writings, such as his monumental novel Na Drini ćuprija ("The Bridge on the Drina", 1945). His stories show both immense love for individuals and brutality and violence. His writing is clear and full of information, and his stories are filled with insightful psychological observations. His other well-known literary oeuvres include Travnička hronika ("Travnika Chronicle", 1945) and Prokleta avlija ("The Damned Yard", 1954).Ivo Andric – Facts nobelprize.orghttps://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivo-Andric Ivo Andrić Serbo-Croatian author britannica.com Deliberations Nominations Andrić earned ten nominations on four occasions. He was first nominated in 1958 by The Yugoslavian Author's Society. On 1961, he was recommended by four nominators from Elizabeth Hill, Lennart Breitholtz, Johannes Edfelt and the aforementioned society which led to his awarding.Nomination archive – Ivo Andric nobelprize.org In total, the Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee received 93 nominations for 56 authors such as Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, John Steinbeck (awarded in 1962), André Malraux, Graham Greene, Georges Simenon, Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Robert Frost and Rómulo Gallegos. Fifteen of the nominees were nominated for the first time, among them Yasunari Kawabata (awarded in 1968), Gaston Bachelard, Cora Sandel, Jean Anouilh, Simone de Beauvoir, J. R. R. Tolkien, Lawrence Durrell, W. H. Auden and Friedrich Dürrenmatt. There were five female nominees namely Giulia Scappino Murena, Gertrud von le Fort, Karen Blixen, Cora Sandel and Simone de Beauvoir.Nomination archive – Literature 1961 nobelprize.org The authors Jacques Stephen Alexis, Lucian Blaga, Joanna Cannan, Louis-Ferdinand Céline, Mazo de la Roche, Louis de Wohl, Hilda Doolittle, Frantz Fanon, Olga Forsh, Leonhard Frank, Simon Gantillon, Dashiell Hammett, Émile Henriot, George S. Kaufman, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Oliver Onions, Jessie Redmon Fauset, Mihail Sadoveanu, Peyami Safa, Frédéric-Louis Sauser (known as Blaise Cendrars), Clark Ashton Smith, Antanas Škėma, Dorothy Thompson and Maria Valtorta died in 1961 without having been nominated for the prize. Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize No. Nominee Country Genre(s) Nominator(s)1Ivo Andrić (1892–1975)Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia YugoslaviaSocialist Republic of Serbia Serbianovel, short story, poetryElizabeth Hill (1900–1996) Lennart Breitholtz (1909–1998) Johannes Edfelt (1904–1997) Association of Writers of Yugoslavia2Jean Anouilh (1910–1987)Francedrama, screenplay, translationHarold Lawton (1899–2005) Francis James Carmody (1907–1982)3Wystan Hugh Auden (1907–1973)United KingdomUnited Statespoetry, essays, screenplayErnest Ludwig Stahl (1902–1992)4Gaston Bachelard (1884–1962)FrancephilosophyGeorges May (1920–2003)5Karen Blixen (1885–1962)Denmarknovel, short story, memoirRolf Westman (1927–2017) Friedrich von der Leyen (1873–1966)6Maurice Bowra (1898–1971)United Kingdomhistory, essays, literary criticism, poetryM. A. Oxon (–)September 20257Heinrich Böll (1917–1985)West Germanynovel, short storyWalter Höllerer (1922–2003) Fritz Martini (1909–1991) Hermann Weigand (1892–1985) Gustav Korlén (1915–2014)8Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986) Francenovel, drama, memoir, philosophy, essays, short storyHenri Peyre (1901–1988)9Michel de Ghelderode (1898–1962)Belgiumdrama, short story, essaysEric Bentley (1916–2020)10Georges Duhamel (1884–1966) Francenovel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticismFrederick Charles Green (1891–1964)11Lawrence Durrell (1912–1990) United Kingdomnovel, short story, poetry, drama, essaysHjalmar Gullberg (1898–1961)12Friedrich Dürrenmatt (1921–1990)Switzerlanddrama, novel, short story, essaysJoachim Müller (1906–1986) Friedrich Sengle (1909–1994)13Johan Falkberget (1879–1967)Norwaynovel, short story, essaysJohannes Andreasson Dale (1898–1975)14Edward Morgan Forster (1879–1970)United Kingdomnovel, short story, drama, essays, biography, literary criticismSimeon Potter (1898–1976) William David Williams (1900–1985) Walter Horace Bruford (1894–1988)15Robert Frost (1874–1963)United Statespoetry, dramaSeveral professors Wystan Hugh Auden (1907–1973) Carlos Baker (1909–1987) Moses Hadas (1900–1966) Donald M. Frame (1911–1991) Frederick Wilcox Dupee (1904–1979) Andrew Chiappe (1915–1967) 20px Pearl S. Buck (1892–1973)16Rómulo Gallegos (1884–1969)Venezuelanovel, short storySeveral professors Rudolf Grossmann (1892–1980) Eugenio Florit (1903–1999) Angel del Rio (1900–1962) Academia Venezolana de la Lengua17Armand Godoy (1880–1964)CubaFrancepoetry, translationAnna Hyatt Huntington (1876–1973)18Julien Gracq (1910–2007)Francenovel, poetry, drama, literary criticismEyvind Johnson (1900–1976)19Robert Graves (1895–1985)United Kingdomhistory, novel, poetry, literary criticism, essaysHenry Olsson (1896–1985)20Graham Greene (1904–1991)United Kingdomnovel, short story, autobiography, essaysThe English PEN-Club Robert Niklaus (1910–2001) Kristian Smidt (1916–2013) Gabriel Turville-Petre (1908–1978)21Gunnar Gunnarsson (1889–1975) Icelandnovel, short story, poetryStellan Arvidson (1902–1997)22Leslie Poles Hartley (1895–1972)United Kingdomnovel, short storyAugust Closs (1898–1990) Geoffrey Tillotson (1905–1969)23Adriaan Roland Holst (1888–1976)NetherlandspoetryJan de Vries (1890–1964) Jan Kamerbeek Jr. (1905–1977)24Taha Hussein (1889–1973)United Arab Republic Egyptnovel, short story, poetry, translationMuhammad A. Khalafallah (1916–1997) Olle Hedberg (1899–1974) Henrik Samuel Nyberg (1889–1974)25Aldous Huxley (1894–1963)United Kingdomnovel, short story, essays, poetry, screenplay, drama, philosophyJacques Barzun (1907–2012)26Pierre Jean Jouve (1887–1976)Francepoetry, novel, literary criticismFrancis James Carmody (1907–1982)27Ernst Jünger (1895–1998)West Germanyphilosophy, novel, memoirAugust Closs (1898–1990)28Yasunari Kawabata (1899–1972) Japannovel, short storyHenry Olsson (1896–1985)29Miroslav Krleža (1893–1981)Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslaviapoetry, drama, short story, novel, essays Association of Writers of Yugoslavia30André Malraux (1901–1976)Francenovel, essays, literary criticismClaude Digeon (1920–2008)31William Somerset Maugham (1874–1965) United Kingdomnovel, short story, drama, essaysKarel van het Reve (1921–1999)32Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968)Francoist Spain Spainphilology, historyWalter Pabst (1907–1992) Jaap van Praag (1911–1981) Gunnar Tilander (1894–1973)33Eugenio Montale (1896–1981) Italypoetry, translationMichele De Filippis (1891–1975)34Alberto Moravia (1907–1990)Italynovel, literary criticism, essays, dramaAnders Wedberg (1913–1978)35Pablo Neruda (1904–1973)ChilepoetryFrancis James Carmody (1907–1982)36Junzaburō Nishiwaki (1894–1982) Japanpoetry, literary criticismThe Japanese Authors' Union37Seán O'Casey (1880–1964)Irelanddrama, memoirRoy Pascal (1904–1980) Geoffrey Tillotson (1905–1969)38Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975)Indiaphilosophy, essays, lawNirmal Kumar Sidhanta (1929–2014)39Cora Sandel (1880–1974)Norwaynovel, short storyHarald Ofstad (1920–1994)40Aksel Sandemose (1899–1965)DenmarkNorwaynovel, essaysEyvind Johnson (1900–1976)41Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980)Francephilosophy, novel, drama, essays, screenplayJacqueline de La Harpe (1894–1980) Kristian Smidt (1916–2013)42Giulia Scappino Murena (1902–1967)ItalypoetryAlfredo Galletti (1872–1962)43Giorgos Seferis (1900–1971)Kingdom of Greece Greecepoetry, memoir, essays20px Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888–1965)44Mikhail Sholokhov (1905–1984) Soviet UnionnovelHarry Martinson (1904–1978)45Ignazio Silone (1900–1978) Italynovel, short story, essays, dramaElias Wessén (1889–1981)46Georges Simenon (1903–1989)Belgiumnovel, short story, memoirCornelis Soeteman (1912–2005) Justin O'Brien (1906–1968)47Charles Percy Snow (1905–1980) United Kingdomnovel, essaysFriedrich Schubel (1904–1991) Robert Ralston Crawley (1893–1973) Norman Jeffares (1920–2005)48John Steinbeck (1902–1968)United Statesnovel, short story, screenplayEugène Vinaver (1899–1979) The Danish PEN-Club49Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (1886–1965) Japannovel, short storyThe Japanese Authors' Union50John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (1892–1973)United Kingdomnovel, short story, poetry, philology, essays, literary criticismClive Staples Lewis (1898–1963)51Miguel Torga (1907–1995)Estado Novo (Portugal) Portugalpoetry, short story, novel, drama, autobiographyHernâni Antonio Cidade (1887–1975)52Tarjei Vesaas (1897–1970)Norwaypoetry, novelSigmund Skard (1903–1995) Johannes Andreasson Dale (1898–1975)53Simon Vestdijk (1898–1971)Netherlandsnovel, poetry, essays, translation Jan Kamerbeek Jr. (1905–1977)54Gertrud von Le Fort (1876–1971)West Germanynovel, short story, essays, poetryFriedrich von der Leyen (1873–1966)55Arthur David Waley (1889–1966)United Kingdomtranslation, essaysEdwin G. Pulleyblank (1922–2013)56Edmund Wilson (1895–1972) United Statesessays, literary criticism, short story, dramaSerge Konovalov (1899–1982) Prize decision For the 1961 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Nobel committee of the Swedish Academy proposed Ivo Andrić, Graham Greene and the Danish author Karen Blixen, with Andrić receiving the majority of the votes. Committee chairman Anders Österling had the previous year pushed for a prize to Andrić, noting the Yugoslav author's "mastered style" that would open "a previously unknown page in the world chronicle and appeals to us from the depths of the tormented national soul", adding that a prize to Andrić would also have the advantage of correcting "the justified criticism of the geographical distribution of the Nobel Prize in Literature.”https://www.svd.se/a/893e54e0-8c63-3c2e-92de-c4f3a8366039/hard-kamp-om-perse Hård kamp om Perse Schueler, Kaj Svenska Dagbladet 7 January 2011 Swedish Österling stated in the protocol that Graham Greene "appears as a fully worthy candidate", but neither Greene nor Blixen, who was also an annual contender at the time, was awarded the prize.https://www.svd.se/a/f028246c-eb8b-3459-ae34-a0fc2731d98d/graham-greene-var-nara-nobelpris-1961 Graham Greene var nära Nobelpris 1961 Neuman, Ricki Svenska Dagbladet 3 January 2012 Swedish Other contenders for the 1961 prize included the American poet Robert Frost and novelist E. M. Forster, who were both passed over by the Nobel committee because of their advanced age. Anders Österling said that Frost's age, 86, was "a fundamental obstacle, which the committee regretfully found it necessary to state". Other contenders such as Lawrence Durrell and the Italian novelist Alberto Moravia were ruled out for literary reasons, as were J.R.R. Tolkien whose prose Österling found "has not in any way measured up to storytelling of the highest quality".https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/jan/05/jrr-tolkien-nobel-prize JRR Tolkien's Nobel prize chances dashed by 'poor prose' Flood, Alison 5 January 2012 The Guardian Award ceremony speech At the award ceremony in Stockholm on 10 December 1961, Anders Österling, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, said: Generally speaking, Andric combines modern psychological insight with the fatalism of the Arabian Nights. He feels a great tenderness for mankind, but he does not shrink from horror and violence, the most visible proof to him of the real presence of evil in the world. As a writer he possesses a whole network of original themes that belong only to him; he opens the chronicle of the world, so to speak, at an unknown page, and from the depth of the suffering souls of the Balkan slaves he appeals to our sensibility.(...) The study of history and philosophy has inevitably led him to ask what forces, in the blows and bitterness of antagonisms and conflicts, act to fashion a people and a nation. His own spiritual attitude is crucial in that respect. Considering these antagonisms with a deliberate and acquired serenity, he endeavours to see them all in the light of reason and with a profoundly human spirit. Herein lies, in the last analysis, the major theme of all his work; from the Balkans it brings to the entire world a stoic message, as our generation has experienced it.https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1961/ceremony-speech/ Award ceremony speech nobelprize.org Prize money Andric donated the entire amount of the prize money, 250 232 Swedish crowns, to a fund for building a library in Bosnia-Herzegovina.https://sarajevotimes.com/ivo-andric-has-donated-million-euros-of-the-nobel-prize-do-you-know-to-whom/?amp=1 Ivo Andric has donated Million Euros of the Nobel Prize – do you know to whom? 20 May 2020 Sarajevo Times Notes References Works cited 30em Alexander Ronelle 2006 Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary The University of Wisconsin Press Madison, Wisconsin 978-0-299-21193-6 https://archive.org/details/bosniancroatians0000alex registration Lampe John R. John R. Lampe 2000 1996 2nd Yugoslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country Cambridge University Press Cambridge, England 978-0-521-77401-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=AZ1x7gvwx_8C Norris David A. 1999 In the Wake of the Balkan Myth: Questions of Identity and Modernity St. Martin's Press New York City 978-0-23028-653-5 https://books.google.com/books?id=9B7uCwAAQBAJ Frenz Horst 1999 Literature: 1901–1967 World Scientific Singapore 978-9-8102-3413-3 https://books.google.com/books?id=FeXbUO31BO4C External links The Nobel Prize Award Ceremony 1961 nobelprize.org 1961 Category:Ivo Andrić Nobel