1935 Canadian federal election

none September 2023 1935 Canadian federal election Canada 1921 parliamentary no no no 1930 Canadian federal election 1930 1940 Canadian federal election 1940 245 seats in the House of Commons 123 74.2%Voter Turnout at Federal Elections and Referendums http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=ele&dir=turn&document=index&lang=e Elections Canada 10 March 2019 ( 0.7 pp) October 14, 1935 18th Canadian Parliament 17th Canadian Parliament Wm Lyon Mackenzie King (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 0 0 CA Liberal nohash W. L. Mackenzie King August 7, 1919 CA Liberal name Prince Albert 89 seats, 44.03% 173 84 1,967,839 44.68% 0.65 pp R.B. Bennett 1930s (cropped).jpg 124 120 160 0 0 CA Conservative (historical) nohash R. B. Bennett October 12, 1927 CA Conservative (historical) name Calgary West 137 seats, 47.79% 39 98 1,290,671 29.84% 18.48 pp W aberhart (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 0 0 CA Social Credit nohash William Aberhart (unofficial) October 14, 1935 CA Social Credit name Did not runAberhart was Premier of Alberta, and represented the provincial seat of Okotoks-High River, but was not a candidate in the federal election. John Horne Blackmore acted as Social Credit's parliamentary leader afterwards. New party 17 17 180,679 4.10% New party Ac.woodsworth.jpg 124 120 160 0 0 CA CCF nohash J. S. Woodsworth August 1, 1932 CA CCF name Winnipeg North Centre New party 7 7 410,125 9.31% New party Henry Herbert Stevens (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 0 0 CA Reconstruction nohash H. H. Stevens July 7, 1935 CA Reconstruction name Kootenay East New party 1 1 384,462 8.73% New party 350px Results by electoral district, shaded by winners' vote share 350px Results by province and territory Prime Minister Prime Minister after election R. B. Bennett CA Conservative (historical) name William Lyon Mackenzie King CA Liberal name Chambre des Communes 1935.png 380px The Canadian parliament after the 1935 election The 1935 Canadian federal election was held on October 14, 1935, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 18th Parliament of Canada. The Liberal Party of William Lyon Mackenzie King won a majority government, defeating Prime Minister R. B. Bennett's Conservatives.Reid Escott 1936 The Canadian Election of 1935—and After https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400030914/type/journal_article American Political Science Review en 30 1 111–121 10.2307/1948012 1948012 147100835 0003-0554 subscription The central issue was the economy, which was still in the depths of the Great Depression. In office since the 1930 election, Bennett had sought to stimulate the economy during his first few years through a policy of high tariffs and trade within the British Empire. In the last months of his time in office, he reversed his position, copying the popular New Deal of Franklin Roosevelt in the United States. Upset about high unemployment and inaction by the federal government, voters were unwilling to allow the Conservatives to continue to govern, despite their change of policy. The Conservatives were also suffering severe internal divisions. During his first years in office, Bennett had alienated those in his party who supported intervention in the economy. His last minute conversion to interventionism alienated the rest of the party. Former cabinet minister H.H. Stevens left to form the Reconstruction Party. Senior minister Sir Joseph Flavelle announced he would be supporting the Liberals. Voters opted for Mackenzie King's promise of mild reforms to restore economic health. The Liberals crushed the Tories, winning 173 seats to the Conservatives' 39, the worst ever performance by the Tories until their collapse in 1993. The Liberal Party would continue to hold power until 1957. The 1935 election was also important in it saw the final demise of the Progressive Party and the United Farmers of Alberta. The Progressive Party, having been in gradual decline over the previous decade, did not run any candidates under its own banner. The federal party, always highly decentralized, ceased to exist sometime circa 1940. However, Liberal-Progressive Premier of Manitoba John Bracken brought the name back into formal use when he moved to federal politics in 1942; his first act as leader of the Conservatives was to rechristen them the Progressive Conservative Party. The United Farmers of Alberta, whose credibility was ruined by a sex scandal involving former leader John E. Brownlee, lost all their seats in the provincial election earlier that year, and subsequently withdrew from electoral politics, likewise fielding no candidates in this federal election. Two new movements rose out of the west, however. The new Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, a social democratic party, first competed in this election and won seven seats (including Tommy Douglas' first stint in elective office), promising social reform. The Social Credit Party of Canada was even more successful, capturing seventeen seats on its platform of monetary reform despite winning less of the popular vote than the former. Fifteen of these seats were in Alberta, where the party dominated after having swept to power in a landslide less than two months before the federal vote. John Horne Blackmore was chosen to lead the Social Credit caucus after the election. The de facto leader of the national movement was Alberta Premier William Aberhart, who did not stand in the federal election himself. National results center|300px PartyParty leader# of candidatesSeatsPopular vote1930Elected% Change#%pp Change CA Liberal row Liberal W. L. Mackenzie King 24590173+92.2% 1,967,839 44.68%+0.65 CA PC row Conservative R. B. Bennett 228134 39-70.9% 1,290,671 29.30%-18.48 CA Social Credit row-name 46* 17*180,679 4.10%* CA CCF row Co-operative Commonwealth J. S. Woodsworth121* 7*410,1259.31%* CA Liberal-Progressive row-name 534+33.3% 29,5690.67%-0.48 CA Reconstruction row-name H.H. Stevens 172*1*384,462 8.73%* CA Independent rowIndependent Liberal24- 1  54,239 1.23%+0.86 CA Independent row Independent 1421-50.0%17,8970.40%-0.15 CA Independent row United Farmers of Ontario-Labour  1-1  7,210 0.16%+0.16 CA Independent rowIndependent Conservative4 -1 1,0780.02%-0.24 CA Communist row-name Tim Buck 12--- 20,1400.46%+0.34 CA Labour row-name  52 --100%14,4230.33%-0.35 CA Independent row Progressive-Conservative  21--100% 12,2200.28%-0.13 CA Independent row Verdun 1* -*4,214 0.10%* CA Independent row Anti-Communist 1* -*3,961 0.09%* CA Independent row Unknown2---2,7170.08%-0.11 CA Independent rowIndependent Reconstructionist1*0*865 0.02%* CA Independent row Technocrat 1* 0*7330.02%* CA Independent row Liberal-Labour  3--- 7080.02%-0.17 CA Socialist row Socialist Party of Canada (WSM)  1*-* 251 0.01%* CA Independent row Independent Labour1- --2210.01%-0.41 CA Independent row Veteran  1* -*79x*Total 891245 245- 4,404,301 100%  Sources: http://www.elections.ca -- History of Federal Ridings since 1867 Notes: * The party did not nominate candidates in the previous election. x - less than 0.005% of the popular vote Vote and seat summaries Ternary plots - shift of electoral support (1930-1935) 350 200 yes center Electoral districts identified by colours of winning parties File:Ternary CA1930.svg 1930 Ternary plot of 1930 results File:Ternary CA1935.svg 1935 Ternary plot of 1935 results Popular vote #ddd 600px 410px Liberal #F08080 44.68 Conservative #6495ED 29.84 CCF CA CCF 9.31 Reconstruction CA Reconstruction 8.73 Social Credit CA Social Credit 4.10 Others #DCDCDC 3.88 Seat totals #ddd 600px 410px Liberal #F08080 70.61 Conservative #6495ED 15.91 Social Credit CA Social Credit 6.93 CCF CA CCF 2.85 Reconstruction CA Reconstruction 0.40 Others #DCDCDC 3.26 Results by province Party nameBCABSKMBONQCNBNSPEYKTotal CA Liberal rowLiberal Seats won by party: 6 1 16 10 56 59 9 12 4 - 173 CA Liberal row Popular Vote (%): 31.8 21.6 40.8 31.7 42.2 56.0 57.2 52.7 58.3 44.4 44.7 CA PC row Conservative Seats: 5 1 1 1 25 5 1 - - 39 CA PC row Vote: 24.9 17.6 18.0 27.9 35.8 27.5 31.9 34.5 38.4 29.8 CA CCF rowCo-operative Commonwealth Seats:3 - 2 2 - -       7 CA CCF row Vote: 32.7 12.0 21.3 19.4 8.0 0.6    8.8 CA Social Credit rowSocial Credit Seats: - 15 2 -            17 CA Social Credit row Vote:0.6 46.6 17.8 2.0           4.1 CA Liberal-Progressive rowLiberal-Progressive Seats:      4           4 CA Liberal-Progressive row Vote:       10.5          0.7 CA Reconstruction rowReconstruction Seats:1 - - - - - - - -   1 CA Reconstruction row Vote: 7.3 0.7 1.3 5.9 11.4 9.3 9.7 12.7 3.4   8.7 CA Independent rowIndependent Liberal Seats:      - - 1 - -     1 CA Independent row Vote:     0.2 0.6 3.8 0.4 3     1.2 CA Independent rowIndependent Seats:1     - - - -       1 CA Independent row Vote: 1.8 0.1 0.2 0.70.8    0.4 CA Independent rowUFO-Labour Seats:        1         1 CA Independent row Vote:     0.5       0.2 CA Independent rowIndependent Conservative Seats:        -       1 1 CA Independent row Vote:        xx      55.6 xx Total Seats16 17 21 17 8265 10 12 4 1 245Parties that won no seats:CA Communist row-name Vote: 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.3        0.5 CA Independent row Farmer-Labour Vote:0.3       0.5 0.5        0.3 CA Independent row Progressive-Conservative Vote:       0.5   0.7        0.1 CA Independent row Verdun Vote:           0.4       0.1 CA Independent row Anti-Communist Vote:         0.2         0.1 CA Independent row Unknown Vote:         0.x 0.x        0.1 CA Independent row Independent Reconstruction Vote:           0.1       xx CA Independent row Technocrat Vote:   0.3                xx CA Independent row Liberal-Labour Vote:          0.1       xx CA Socialist row-name Vote:0.1                 xx CA Independent row Independent Labour Vote:          0.x       xx CA Independent row Veteran Vote:          0.x        xx xx - less than 0.05% of the popular vote See also Canada Politics List of Canadian federal general elections List of political parties in Canada 18th Canadian Parliament Notes References Further reading The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1935 and 1936 1939 The Annual Review Company Toronto https://archive.org/details/canadianannualre0000unse_k4i7 MacKenzie David Clark King and chaos: the 1935 Canadian general election 2023 University of British Columbia Press Vancouver 978-0-7748-6880-8 Neatby H. Blair H. Blair Neatby William Lyon MacKenzie King: 1932-1939: the prism of unity: volume 3 1976 University of Toronto Press Toronto 978-1-4875-9255-4 Wilbur J. R. H. The Bennett new deal: fraud or portent? https://books.google.com/books?id=B7MJAQAAIAAJ 1968 Copp Clark Canada, Chief Electoral Officer Eighteenth General Election, 1935: Report of the Chief Electoral Officer 1935 Queen's Printer Ottawa https://archive.org/details/31761115541104 Federal 1935 Category:October 1935 in Canada