2004 Spanish general election

none 2004 Spanish general election Spain parliamentary no 2000 Spanish general election 2000 2008 Spanish general election 2008 All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies and 208 (of 259) seats in the Senate176 seats needed for a majority in the Congress of Deputies Opinion polling for the 2004 Spanish general election 34,571,831 10px 1.8% 26,155,436 (75.7%)10px 7.0 pp 14 March 2004 170x170px José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 22 July 2000 Madrid 125 seats, 34.2%"PSOE" Results for PSOE–p (34.2%, 125 deputies) and PREx–CREx (0.0%, 0 deputies) in the 2000 Congress election. 164 10px 39 11,026,163 42.6% 10px 8.3 pp 170x170px Mariano Rajoy People's Party (Spain) 2 September 2003 Madrid 183 seats, 44.5% 148 10px 35 9,763,144 37.7% 10px 6.8 pp 170x170px Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida Barcelona 24 January 2004 Convergence and Union 15 seats, 4.2% 10 10px 5 835,471 3.2% 10px 1.0 pp 170x170px Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira Republican Left of Catalonia 2 February 2004 Barcelona 1 seat, 0.8% 8 10px 7 652,196 2.5% 10px 1.7 pp 170x170px Josu Erkoreka Basque Nationalist Party 2004 Biscay 7 seats, 1.5% 7 10px 0 420,980 1.6% 10px 0.1 pp 170x170px Gaspar Llamazares United Left (Spain) 29 October 2000 Madrid 9 seats, 6.0%"IU+ICV" Results for IU (5.4%, 8 deputies) and IC–V (0.5%, 1 deputy) in the 2000 Congress election. 5 10px 4 1,284,081 5.0% 10px 1.0 pp x315px|Map of Spain showcasing winning party's strength by constituency Vote winner strength by constituency (Congress) x315px|Map of Spain showcasing winning party's strength by autonomous community Vote winner strength by autonomous community (Congress) x315px|Map of Spain showcasing seat distribution by Congress of Deputies constituency Election results by constituency (Congress) Prime Minister Prime Minister after election José María Aznar People's Party (Spain) José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero Spanish Socialist Workers' Party A general election was held in Spain on 14 March 2004 to elect the members of the 8th es Cortes Generales no under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 259 seats in the Senate. It was held concurrently with a regional election in Andalusia. Since 2000, the ruling People's Party (PP) had governed with a parliamentary absolute majority, allowing it to renegue from its previous agreements with peripheral nationalist parties. This period saw sustained economic growth, but the controversial management—and, at times, attempted cover-up—of a number of crises affected the standing of Aznar's government and fostered perceptions of arrogance: these included the Gescartera affair, the Prestige oil spill and the Yak-42 plane crash. A reform of unemployment benefits led to a general strike in 2002, and the unpopular decision to intervene in the Iraq War sparked massive protests across Spain. The incumbent prime minister, José María Aznar, renounced to seek a third term at the 2002 party congress, being replaced as candidate by the first deputy prime minister, Mariano Rajoy. The opposition Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) elected José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero as new leader in July 2000, under a platform of party renewal. The fight against terrorism (particularly from the Basque separatist ETA group) and the need for political change were themes that dominated party campaigns going into the election. The electoral outcome was heavily influenced by the Madrid train bombings on 11 March, which saw Aznar's government blaming ETA for the attacks in spite of mounting evidence suggesting Islamist authorship. The ruling PP was accused by the opposition of staging a disinformation campaign to prevent the blame on the bombings being linked to Spain's involvement in Iraq.Tremlett Giles 15 March 2004 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/mar/15/spain.gilestremlett Furious voters oust Spanish government The Guardian Madrid 9 August 2026 Election results saw Zapatero's PSOE securing an unprecedented 11 million votes, with a net gain of 39 seats up to 164, whereas the PP (which had been predicted by opinion polls to secure a diminished but still commanding victory) was left in shock as it unexpectedly lost 35 seats in the worst defeat for a sitting Spanish government up to that point since 1982.Marcos Pilar 16 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/16/espana/1079391611_850215.html La noche negra del PP: de la perplejidad a la conmoción es El País Madrid 19 March 2026Winneker Craig 17 March 2004 Spain's front-runner https://www.politico.eu/article/spains-front-runner/ Politico 18 March 2026 Republican Left of Catalonia benefitted from the impact of the Carod affair—the revelation that party leader Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira had held a meeting with ETA shortly after joining the regional government of Pasqual Maragall—which gave the party publicity to the detriment of Convergence and Union. The 75.7% voter turnout was among the highest since the Spanish transition to democracy and was attributed to public shock and grief caused by the Madrid attacks, with no subsequent general election having exceeded such figure.15 March 2004 https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2004/03/15/economia/1079333781_850215.html La masacre de Madrid dispara la participación del electorado es Cinco Días 19 March 2026 The number of votes cast, at 26.1 million votes, remained the highest figure in gross terms for any Spanish election until April 2019.Díez Anabel 15 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/15/espana/1079305204_850215.html El PSOE da el gran vuelco electoral es El País Madrid 14 March 2026Romero José Manuel 15 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/15/espana/1079305201_850215.html Zapatero vence con casi 11 millones de votos es El País Madrid 14 March 2026Castaño Federico 15 March 2004 https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2004/03/15/economia/1079333780_850215.html Zapatero derrota a Rajoy en la recta final es Cinco Días Madrid 22 March 2025 The results were described by some media as an "unprecedented electoral upset".15 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/15/portada/1079305201_850215.html Zapatero derrota a Rajoy en un vuelco electoral sin precedentes es El País 27 September 2025 Perceived PP abuses and public rejection at Spain's involvement in Iraq were said to help fuel a wave of discontent against the incumbent ruling party, with Aznar's mismanagement of the 11M bombings serving as the final catalyst for change to happen.15 March 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/03/15/enespecial/1079334666.html El voto de castigo dio la victoria al PSOE, según la prensa es El Mundo 14 March 2026Díez Anabel 16 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/16/espana/1079391601_850215.html Zapatero atribuye su victoria a las "ganas de cambio en España" y no al atentado del 11-M es El País Madrid 14 March 2026 Zapatero announced his will to form a minority PSOE government, seeking the parliamentary support of other parties once elected.16 April 2004 https://www.abc.es/hemeroteca/historico-16-04-2004/abc/Nacional/zapatero-investido-presidente-del-gobierno-con-mayoria-absoluta_962990422349.html Zapatero, investido presidente del Gobierno con mayoría absoluta es ABC 14 March 2026 Background Premiership of José María Aznar The People's Party (PP) secured an absolute majority of seats for the first time ever in the 2000 general election, which allowed José María Aznar to be re-elected for a second term as prime minister of Spain.Gooch Adela 13 March 2000 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/mar/13/3 Spanish PM wins historic second term by a landslide The Guardian Madrid 20 March 202613 March 2000 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/675320.stm Spanish PM sweeps back in BBC News 20 March 2026Agencias 27 April 2000 Aznar, investido por segunda vez presidente del Gobierno https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2000/04/26/espana/956729513.html es El Mundo Madrid 9 May 2025 The defeat of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) prompted the resignation of party leader Joaquín Almunia and a leadership contest being triggered.Díez Anabel 13 March 2000 Joaquín Almunia asume la derrota y dimite https://elpais.com/diario/2000/03/13/espana/952902020_850215.html es El País Madrid 16 April 202523 March 2000 El comité federal resuelve la dimisión de Almunia con un congreso ordinario y una gestora de 15 miembros https://elpais.com/diario/2000/03/23/espana/953766067_850215.html es El País Madrid 24 April 2025 A dark horse candidate, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, emerged as new leader in a surprise victory over the president of Castilla–La Mancha, José Bono, by adhering to a "New Way" position that proposed party renewal and internal reform.Díez Anabel 23 July 2000 Zapatero gana a Bono por sólo 9 votos https://elpais.com/diario/2000/07/23/espana/964303201_850215.html es El País Madrid 24 March 2022Reuters 23 July 2000 Spain's new Socialist leader unveils fresh team https://edition.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/07/23/spain.socialists.reut/ CNN Madrid 18 March 2026 With a low unemployment under Spanish standards and the country's economy growing at a steady pace, Aznar's second government continued its liberalization policy in a wide range of activities (including sectors previously subject to state monopoly),24 June 2000 El Gobierno afirma que las nuevas medidas acaban con los monopolios https://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2000/06/24/pagina-69/34097985/pdf.html es La Vanguardia Madrid 9 May 2025 as well as the completion of the privatization of the Iberia airline (postponed several times over pilots' opposition, adverse economic conditions and failed acquisition talks).Sangrador-Vegas 202027 March 2001 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1246467.stm Iberia's troublesome float BBC News 18 March 2026 Together with the continued inflow of European funds, this provided Spain with extraordinary revenues that contributed to curb the fiscal deficit and reduce public debt, though the Spanish government's overreliance on housing as an economic locomotive generated a real-estate bubble due to a rise in speculation.Sangrador-Vegas 2020Fernández-Palacios Miguel 26 April 2017 Desmontando el mito del milagro económico de Aznar https://www.elperiodico.com/es/entre-todos/participacion/desmontando-el-mito-del-milagro-economico-de-aznar-125599 es El Periódico de Catalunya Madrid 10 May 2025 The cash rounding resulting from the final replacement of the Spanish peseta by the euro on 1 January 2002 also led to a rise in the inflation rate.Servimedia 31 December 2002 La cesta de la compra subió un 8% con el redondeo del euro https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2002/12/30/economia/1041270031.html es El Mundo Madrid 10 May 202531 December 2002 Economía admite que el redondeo por el euro afectó a la inflación https://elpais.com/economia/2002/12/31/actualidad/1041323574_850215.html es El País Madrid 10 May 2025 Domestically, Aznar dealt with the mad cow crisis early into his second term (with the first confirmed case of the disease in Spain),23 November 2000 Mad cow disease strikes Spain https://edition.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/11/22/spain.madcow/ CNN Madrid 18 March 2026EFE 7 April 2008 Ocho años de 'vacas locas' en España https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20080407/ocho-anos-de-vacas-locas-en-espana/19090.shtml es RTVE 9 May 2025 as well as a diplomatic standoff with the United Kingdom over the HMS Tireless's presence in Gibraltar for repairs.Norton-Taylor Richard 29 October 2000 https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/oct/28/richardnortontaylor Nuclear sub was hours from meltdown The Guardian 12 April 2026Bowcott Owen Black Ian 27 January 2001 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/jan/27/gibraltar.ianblack Nuclear sub keeps Gibraltar in a rage The Guardian Gibraltar / Brussels 12 April 20267 May 2001 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1317133.stm Nuclear sub leaves Gibraltar BBC News 12 April 2026 The Gescartera affair in 2001 (a major financial scandal involving fraud, misappropriation of funds and influence peddling by the homonym investment company)Lorenzo Ana 18 October 2007 https://www.elmundo.es/especiales/2007/10/comunicacion/18elmundo/gescartera.html La trama oculta del 'chiringuito' de Camacho es El Mundo 10 May 202528 March 2019 https://www.lasexta.com/programas/donde-estabas-entonces/mejores-momentos/el-caso-gescartera-la-estafa-que-acabo-con-todos-los-ahorros-de-mas-de-4000-clientes-en-el-ano-2000-video_201903285c9d45660cf221c68703118e.html El caso Gescartera, la estafa que acabó con todos los ahorros de más de 4.000 clientes en el año 2000 es laSexta Madrid 10 May 2025 saw the resignations of the then treasury state secretary and the president of the National Securities Market Commission.Vitzthum Carlta 20 September 2001 https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1000938547341076200 Gescartera Scandal Fallout Continues As Spanish Market Regulator Resigns The Wall Street Journal 18 March 202621 September 2001 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1556372.stm Heads roll in Spanish finance scam BBC News 18 March 2026 On the issue of immigration, Aznar's government reformed the Aliens Law to curtail some migrants' rights and introduce harsher entry restrictions, a faster deportation process, and tighter conditions for travel visas.Sangrador-Vegas 2020Rodríguez Arroyo Jorge 25 November 2000 https://elpais.com/diario/2000/11/25/espana/975106812_850215.html El Congreso aprueba la Ley de Extranjería con el rechazo general al recorte de derechos es El País Madrid 19 March 202619 May 2003 https://www.abc.es/espana/abci-aznar-anuncia-reforma-importante-ley-extranjeria-200305190300-181973_noticia.html Aznar anuncia una reforma «importante» de la Ley de Extranjería es ABC 19 March 202620 May 2003 https://www.elperiodicodearagon.com/espana/2003/05/20/aznar-reforma-ley-extranjeria-tercera-48316500.html Aznar reforma la ley de extranjería por tercera vez es El Periódico de Aragón 19 March 2026 An attempt by the government to tighten unemployment benefits and other working conditions through decree-law led to a general strike in 2002,Agencies 20 June 2002 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/jun/20/spain Strike causes shutdown in Spain The Guardian 18 March 202620 June 2002 https://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/06/20/spanish.strike/index.html Spain strike: Unions claim victory CNN Madrid 18 March 2026 forcing the proposal—later struck by the Constitutional Court of Spain in 2007Agencias 30 March 2007 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2007/03/30/economia/1175211553_850215.html Declarado inconstitucional el 'decretazo' de Aznar que llevó a la huelga general en 2002 es Cadena SER 10 May 2025—to be watered down.20 June 2002 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2055125.stm Spanish unions threaten more action BBC News 18 March 202620 June 2002 https://www.elmundo.es/especiales/2002/06/espana/huelga/decreto.html El decreto es El Mundo 10 May 2025 The Perejil Island crisis in July 2002, which saw a Royal Moroccan Navy squad temporarily occupy the uninhabited island, was resolved after a bloodless intervention by the Spanish military.Tremlett Giles 13 July 2002 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/jul/13/spain.gilestremlett Moroccans seize Parsley Island and leave a bitter taste in Spanish mouths The Guardian Madrid 18 March 202617 July 2002 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2133084.stm Moroccan troops ousted from island BBC News 18 March 2026 Finally, a proposal for a water transfer from the Ebro river to south-eastern provinces to supply tourism and agriculture was criticized as poorly planned and met with mass protests, particularly in Aragon and Catalonia.Tremlett Giles 12 March 2001 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/mar/12/gilestremlett 120,000 damn the plan to transfer Spanish water The Guardian Madrid 8 August 2026Pettifer Julian 7 August 2002 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/2176914.stm Spain's troubled waters BBC News 26 March 2026Coward Ros 27 November 2002 https://www.theguardian.com/society/2002/nov/27/guardiansocietysupplement3 Clear conflict The Guardian 26 March 2026 thumb|left|alt=MV Prestige shortly before her sinking|The Prestige oil spill in November 2002 became Spain's biggest environmental crisis and came to be seen in the country as a symbol of government mismanagement. Terrorism became a major issue, with the ETA group conducting major attacks such as the killings of Ernest Lluch (a former health minister),Associated Press 22 November 2000 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/nov/22/spain Former minister shot dead in Spain The Guardian Barcelona 18 March 2026 the October 2000 Madrid bombing which killed a Supreme Court judge,Agencies 30 October 2000 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/oct/30/spain Eta blamed as Madrid car bomb kills three The Guardian 18 March 2026 or the 2001 Madrid bombing injuring 99.6 November 2001 https://www.cbsnews.com/news/car-bomb-injures-99-in-madrid/ Car Bomb Injures 99 In Madrid CBS News 18 March 2026 PP and PSOE signed the 2000 Anti-Terrorist Pact,Rodríguez Aizpeolea Luis Díez Anabel 13 December 2000 PSOE y PP rechazan en la firma del pacto contra ETA rebajar las exigencias a los nacionalistas https://elpais.com/diario/2000/12/13/espana/976662001_850215.html es El País Madrid 18 March 2026 and a new Political Parties Law was passed in 2002 which allowed the banning of the Batasuna party over its links and support to ETA's actions.Sangrador-Vegas 2020Walker Jane 27 August 2002 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/aug/27/spain.guardiananalysispage Beating Batasuna The Guardian 18 March 202617 March 2003 https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2857437.stm Batasuna banned permanently BBC News 10 May 2025 The increase of counterterrorism cooperation with France and the European Union, together with renewed police action, eroded ETA's operational capacity.Whitfield 2015 Concurrently, and in opposition to Aznar's hardline position against ETA violence, the Basque Nationalist Party under Juan José Ibarretxe sought to resolve the Basque conflict through sovereigntism and broad-based talks, a position endorsed by voters at the snap 2001 Basque election.Goodman Al 20 February 2001 https://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/02/20/spain.basque/index.html Basque region calls early elections CNN Madrid 18 March 2026Tremlett Giles 14 May 2001 https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/may/14/spain.world Vote split in the battle for Basque hearts The Guardian Madrid 18 March 2026Tremlett Giles 15 May 2001 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/may/15/spain.gilestremlett Basque voters turn against Eta The Guardian Madrid 18 March 2026 Following failed talks with the Spanish government,31 July 2001 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1464080.stm Limited progress at Madrid-Basque talks BBC News 19 March 2026 Ibarretxe laid out a peace scheme in 2003—dubbed the Ibarretxe Plan—that envisaged a referendum to decide on a proposed reform of the Basque Statute of Autonomy which, if approved, would turn the Basque Country into an associated state on an equal footing with Spain (including a right to self-determination).Tremlett Giles 27 October 2003 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/oct/27/spain.gilestremlett Basque plan is treason, say critics The Guardian 18 March 2026Tremlett Giles 31 October 2003 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/oct/31/spain.gilestremlett Basque nationalists demand referendum The Guardian 18 March 2026G. Torres Laura 19 May 2008 El Plan Ibarretxe https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20080519/plan-ibarretxe/57950.shtml es RTVE 10 May 2025 This period saw the controversial management of a number of crises by Aznar's government, with criticism over the perceived cover-up nature of its actions—frequently through denialism and diffusion of responsibility—negatively affecting its public standing and fostering a perception of arrogance in the exercise of power.Ordaz Pablo 22 March 2021 Negar la realidad y perseguir al que discrepa https://elpais.com/espana/2021-03-22/negar-la-realidad-y-perseguir-al-que-discrepa.html es El País Madrid 10 May 2025Molina Chema 17 November 2024 Prestige, Yak-42, 11M o DANA de València: el PP repite su gestión de tragedias con mentiras y evasión de responsabilidades https://www.publico.es/politica/prestige-yak-42-11m-dana-valencia-pp-repite-gestion-tragedias-mentiras-evasion-responsabilidades.html es Público Madrid 10 May 2025 The Prestige oil spill in November 2002 saw extensive damage to the coast of Galicia in what was described as Spain's biggest environmental crisis: the government's decision to tow the ailing wreck out to sea rather than allow it to take refuge in a sheltered port was seen as a major contributing factor to the disaster's scale.Agencies 16 December 2002 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2002/dec/16/oilspills.pollution Thousands join Prestige protest The Guardian 18 March 202621 June 2012 Prestige oil spill trial date set 10 years after Galicia coast blighted https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2012/06/21/inenglish/1340280280_830619.html El País Madrid 10 May 2025Rodriguez Martinez Marta Llach Laura 14 November 2022 Spain's biggest environmental disaster: The Prestige oil spill 20 years later https://www.euronews.com/2022/11/14/spains-biggest-environmental-disaster-the-prestige-20-years-after Euronews 18 March 2026 The Yak-42 plane crash in May 2003, with the death of all 75 occupants, saw a misidentification of bodies (with some remains being returned to the wrong relatives and others being mixed-up) as well as questions on the plane's poor condition and the pilots' readiness.Agencies 26 May 2003 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/may/26/spain.turkey 74 killed in Turkey plane crash The Guardian 18 March 2026González Miguel 27 May 2013 Ten years on from the Yak-42 air crash, and no one is held responsible https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2013/05/27/inenglish/1369662862_851894.html El País Madrid 18 March 2026 thumb|alt=José Manuel Durão Barroso, Tony Blair, George W. Bush and José María Aznar at the Azores Summit|The Azores Summit preceded the U.S. invasion of Iraq, which was unpopular among the Spanish public and led to anti-war protests. Internationally, the election of George W. Bush as U.S. president and the 9/11 attacks in 2000 saw Spain aligning closer to the United States, with Aznar backing Bush's missile shield, war on terror and invasion of Afghanistan,13 June 2001 Aznar, primer líder europeo que apoya el escudo antimisiles de Bush https://elpais.com/diario/2001/06/13/internacional/992383201_850215.html es El País Madrid 10 May 2025Gaynor Tim 12 March 2004 Aznar put war on terror at the heart of his government https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/aznar-put-war-on-terror-at-the-heart-of-his-government-63983.html The Independent 18 March 2026 in exchange for U.S. support to Spain's fight against ETA's terrorism.Tremlett Giles 15 June 2001 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/jun/15/spain.usa US offers to spy on Eta for Spain The Guardian Madrid 18 March 2026Europa Press 2 May 2002 Bush ratifica su compromiso con España en la lucha contra ETA https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2002/05/02/enespecial/1020370056.html es El Mundo Washington D.C. 10 May 2025 Spain's rapprochement to Bush's United States and Tony Blair's United Kingdom, and their unsuccessful attempts to secure a new UN Security Council resolution that could lead to war—superseding Resolution 1441—culminated in the Azores Summit on 16 March 2003, which led to the subsequent invasion of Iraq under the alleged aim of disarming Saddam Hussein's regime of "weapons of mass destruction".14 March 2003 https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/bush-blair-aznar-to-hold-emergency-summit-in-azores-1.374190 Bush, Blair, Aznar to hold emergency summit in Azores CBC News 18 March 2026González Miguel Urra, Susana (translation) 7 July 2016 https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2016/07/07/inenglish/1467879224_196507.html Aznar and Blair agreed on joint Iraq war communications strategy El País Madrid 18 March 2026 The Spanish government's decision to intervene in the Iraq War proved highly unpopular among the public,Tremlett Giles 3 March 2003 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/03/worlddispatch.spain On his own head be it The Guardian 18 March 2026Tremlett Giles Arie Sophie 29 March 2003 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/29/spain.iraq Aznar faces 91% opposition to war The Guardian Madrid / Rome 18 March 2026 sparking massive anti-war protests across the country.15 February 2003 https://elpais.com/internacional/2003/02/15/actualidad/1045263602_850215.html Los organizadores cifran en más de tres millones los manifestantes en Madrid y Barcelona es El País Madrid 10 May 202522 March 2003 https://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/03/22/sprj.irq.western.protests/ Clashes at Madrid anti-war protest CNN Madrid 18 March 2026 Aznar had also hinted at withdrawing from politics after two consecutive terms,Casqueiro Javier 28 January 2000 Aznar: "No deseo ser presidente continuamente más de ocho años" https://elpais.com/diario/2000/01/28/espana/949014014_850215.html es El País Madrid 11 May 202517 March 2000 Aznar optará a la presidencia del PP en el 2002 pero no se presentará a las elecciones generales del 2004 https://www.servimedia.es/noticias/aznar-optara-presidencia-pp-2002-pero-no-presentara-elecciones-generales-2004/1411071056 es Servimedia Madrid 11 May 2025Casqueiro Javier 18 November 2001 Aznar descarta su candidatura y la bicefalia en el PP https://elpais.com/diario/2001/11/18/espana/1006038002_850215.html es El País Madrid 5 August 2026 a decision he confirmed at the 2002 PP congress,26 January 2002 Congreso PP. Aznar ratifica que no se presentará a las elecciones ni será presidente del PP a partir del próximo congreso https://www.servimedia.es/noticias/congreso-pp-aznar-ratifica-no-presentara-elecciones-ni-sera-presidente-pp-partir-proximo-congreso/1411118389 es Servimedia Madrid 11 May 202526 January 2002 El PP refrenda el último mandato de Aznar con un abrumador 99,6% de votos https://elpais.com/elpais/2002/01/26/actualidad/1012036619_850215.html es El País Madrid 11 May 2025 while also rejecting running for parliament.18 April 2002 Aznar anuncia que tampoco se presentará a diputado en las próximas elecciones https://elpais.com/diario/2002/04/18/espana/1019080803_850215.html es El País Madrid 11 May 2025Wilkinson Tracy 9 November 2003 https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-nov-09-fg-aznar9-story.html Spain's Aznar Will Not Seek Reelection Los Angeles Times Madrid 18 March 2026 The first deputy prime minister, Mariano Rajoy, was selected to succeed him in September 2003.1 August 2002 https://www.economist.com/europe/2002/08/01/spains-would-be-heirs-to-aznar Spain's would-be heirs to Aznar The Economist 18 March 20262 September 2003 https://elpais.com/elpais/2003/09/02/actualidad/1062490617_850215.html Rajoy asume el legado de Aznar tras ser ratificado como candidato del PP a La Moncloa es El País Madrid 27 July 20262 September 2003 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3201363.stm Spanish right chooses new leader BBC News 18 March 2026 Despite Aznar's growing unpopularity, the PP was able to come out of the 2003 local and regional elections with limited losses.Goodman Al 26 May 2003 Voters punish Aznar on Iraq https://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/05/25/spain.elections/index.html CNN Madrid 22 March 202526 May 2003 https://www.dw.com/es/leve-castigo-para-aznar/a-878557 Leve castigo para Aznar es Deutsche Welle 11 May 2025 The outcome of the regional election in Madrid was significant: it hinted at the formation of a left-wing coalition government in Spain's capital region,Daly Emma 26 May 2003 https://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/26/world/aznar-s-party-keeps-hold-on-madrid-in-vote.html Aznar's Party Keeps Hold on Madrid in Vote The New York Times 18 March 2026 but the Tamayazo parliamentary scandal (seeing two PSOE legislators break party discipline)Mármol Iolanda 2 May 2016 https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20160502/tamayazo-unico-precedente-repeticion-electoral-espana-5103069 El 'tamayazo', único precedente de repetición electoral en España es El Periódico de Catalunya 11 May 2025 thwarted the regional PSOE leader's investiture and forced a repeat election in October in which PP's Esperanza Aguirre secured a majority.Martín José Luis 29 June 2003 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2003/06/28/madrid/1056825603.html La abstención de Tamayo y Sáez impide que Simancas sea investido es El Mundo Madrid 11 May 2025Daly Emma 2 July 2003 https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/02/world/madrid-regional-legislature-is-split-over-corruption-charges.html Madrid Regional Legislature Is Split Over Corruption Charges The New York Times 18 March 2026Fuchs Dale 27 October 2003 https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/27/world/premier-s-party-regains-power-in-madrid-vote-ousting-leftists.html Premier's Party Regains Power In Madrid Vote, Ousting Leftists The New York Times 18 March 2026 The 2003 Catalan election saw the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC)—PSOE's sister party—oust the nationalist Convergence and Union from the regional government after 23 years of uninterrupted rule,Goodman Al 17 November 2003 Post-poll deals key to Catalonia https://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/11/16/spain.catalonia/ es CNN Madrid 18 March 2026EFE 17 December 2003 Maragall es elegido presidente de Cataluña después de 23 años de Gobierno de Jordi Pujol https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2003/12/16/espana/1071594958.html es El Mundo Barcelona 11 May 2025 with a tripartite cabinet between PSC, Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) and Initiative for Catalonia Greens being formed under Pasqual Maragall.EFE 15 December 2003 El tripartito firma el acuerdo de gobierno que hará a Maragall presidente de la Generalitat https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2003/12/14/espana/1071393768.html es El Mundo Barcelona 11 May 2025 Maragall's government came under fire in January 2004 after it was unveiled that its deputy head, ERC's Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira, had held a secret meeting with ETA to negotiate a Catalonia-limited ceasefire, in what became known as the Carod affair.Rusiñol Pere 20 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/20/espana/1077231602_850215.html Maragall da por cerrada la crisis tras la renuncia de Carod a volver al Gobierno tripartito es El País Brussels 18 March 2026 While Carod-Rovira denied all claims of deal-seeking, the public backlash prompted him to apologize and resign from his cabinet posts.Tremlett Giles 28 January 2004 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/jan/28/spain.gilestremlett Secret meeting with Eta hits Socialist poll hopes The Guardian Madrid 18 March 2026Agencias 28 January 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/01/27/espana/1075164615_850215.html Carod-Rovira deja la Generalitat y se mantiene el tripartito en Cataluña es Cadena SER Madrid 14 March 2026 Overview Under the 1978 Constitution, the Spanish es Cortes Generales no were conceived as an imperfect bicameral system.Constitution 1978 art. 66.https://app.congreso.es/consti/constitucion/indice/sinopsis/sinopsis.jsp?art=66&tipo=2 Constitución española. Título III. De las Cortes Generales. Sinopsis artículo 66 es Congress of Deputies 11 October 2025 , summarizing Constitution 1978 art. 66. The Congress of Deputies held greater legislative power than the Senate, having the ability to grant or withdraw confidence from a prime minister and to override Senate vetoes by an absolute majority.Constitution 1978 arts. 90 & 99. Nonetheless, the Senate retained a limited number of specific functions—such as ratifying international treaties, authorizing cooperation agreements between autonomous communities, enforcing direct rule, regulating interterritorial compensation funds, and taking part in constitutional amendments and in the appointment of members to the Constitutional Court and the General Council of the Judiciary—which were not subject to override by Congress.Constitution 1978 arts. 74, 94, 122, 145, 155, 158–159 & 166–167. Date The term of each chamber of the es Cortes Generales no—the Congress and the Senate—expired four years from the date of their previous election, unless they were dissolved earlier.Constitution 1978 arts. 68–69. The election decree was required to be issued no later than 25 days before the scheduled expiration date of parliament and published on the following day in the Official State Gazette (BOE), with election day taking place 54 days after the decree's publication.LOREG 1985 arts. 42 & 167. The previous election was held on 12 March 2000, which meant that the chambers' terms would have expired on 12 March 2004. The election decree was required to be published in the BOE no later than 17 February 2004, setting the latest possible date for election day on 11 April 2004. The prime minister had the prerogative to propose the monarch to dissolve both chambers at any given time—either jointly or separately—and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process, no state of emergency was in force and that dissolution did not occur before one year after a previous one.Constitution 1978 arts. 115–116. Additionally, both chambers were to be dissolved and a new election called if an investiture process failed to elect a prime minister within a two-month period from the first ballot.Constitution 1978 art. 99. Barring this exception, there was no constitutional requirement for simultaneous elections to the Congress and the Senate.https://app.congreso.es/consti/constitucion/indice/sinopsis/sinopsis.jsp?art=115&tipo=2 Constitución española. Título V. De las relaciones entre el Gobierno y las Cortes Generales. Sinopsis artículo 115 es Congress of Deputies 31 October 2025 , summarizing Constitution 1978 art. 115. Still, as of , there has been no precedent of separate elections taking place under the 1978 Constitution. On 9 January 2004, Aznar announced the election date for 14 March, concurrently with the 2004 Andalusian regional election;Rodríguez Aizpeolea Luis 10 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/10/espana/1073689207_850215.html Aznar disolverá el Parlamento el día 19 y convocará elecciones para el 14 de marzo es El País Madrid 14 March 2026Lucio Lourdes 10 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/10/andalucia/1073690524_850215.html Chaves pacta con Aznar simultanear el 14 de marzo las elecciones andaluzas y generales es El País Seville 14 March 2026 earlier speculation also hinted at either 29 February or 7 March as possible dates.21 December 2003 https://www.abc.es/espana/abci-marzo-podria-fecha-elegida-para-celebrar-elecciones-generales-2004-200312210300-228015_noticia.html El 7 de marzo podría ser la fecha elegida para celebrar las elecciones generales de 2004 es ABC 5 August 20268 January 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/01/08/espana/1073523011_850215.html Aznar se inclina por el 14 de marzo para celebrar las elecciones es Cadena SER Madrid 5 August 2026 The es Cortes Generales no were officially dissolved on 20 January 2004 with the publication of the corresponding decree in the BOE, setting election day for 14 March and scheduling for both chambers to reconvene on 2 April.Royal Decree 100/2004 2004 arts. 1–2 & 5.20 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/20/portada/1074553202_850215.html Aznar convoca las elecciones y advierte de que sería un riesgo votar al PSOE es El País 14 March 2026 Electoral system Voting for each chamber of the es Cortes Generales no was based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they had not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence, nor were legally incapacitated.LOREG 1985 arts. 2–3.Carreras de Odriozola Tafunell Sambola 2005 1077 The Congress of Deputies had a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 were elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which was assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats were allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.Constitution 1978 art. 68; LOREG 1985 arts. 162–164. The use of this electoral method resulted in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution.Gallagher Michael 30 July 2012 http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php Effective threshold in electoral systems Trinity College Dublin Dublin https://web.archive.org/web/20170730092518/http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php 22 July 2017 30 July 2017 As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Congress multi-member constituency was entitled the following seats:Royal Decree 100/2004 2004 art. 3. Seats Constituencies 35 Madridgreen (+1) 31 Barcelona 16 Valencia 12 Sevillered (−1) 11 Alicante 10 Málaga 9 A Coruña, Biscay, Cádiz, Murcia 8 Asturiasred (−1), Balearic Islandsgreen (+1), Las Palmasgreen (+1) 7 Córdoba, Granada, Pontevedrared (−1), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Zaragoza 6 Badajoz, Gironagreen (+1), Guipúzcoa, Jaén, Tarragona 5 Almería, Cantabria, Castellón, Ciudad Real, Huelva, León, Navarre, Toledo, Valladolid 4 Álava, Albacete, Burgos, Cáceresred (−1), La Rioja, Lleida, Lugo, Ourense, Salamanca 3 Ávila, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Huesca, Palencia, Segovia, Soria, Teruel, Zamora 208 Senate seats were elected using open-listParties could group candidates into lists, although each candidate was treated separately for the purpose of the voting procedure. partial block voting: voters in constituencies electing four seats could choose up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, up to two; and in single-member districts, one. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces was allocated four seats, while in insular provinces—such as the Balearic and Canary Islands—the districts were the islands themselves, with the larger ones (Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife) being allocated three seats each, and the smaller ones (Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera, El Hierro, Lanzarote and La Palma) one each. Ceuta and Melilla elected two seats each. Additionally, autonomous communities could appoint at least one senator each and were entitled to one additional seat per million inhabitants.Constitution 1978 art. 69; LOREG 1985 arts. 162 & 165–166.Carreras de Odriozola Tafunell Sambola 2005 1083 The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term were filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.LOREG 1985 arts. 46, 48, 164, 166 & 170–171. Outgoing parliament The tables below show the composition of the parliamentary groups in both chambers at the time of dissolution.Lozano Carles https://www.historiaelectoral.com/grups.html Grupos Parlamentarios en el Congreso de los Diputados y el Senado es Historia Electoral.com 25 August 2025Lozano Carles https://www.historiaelectoral.com/senado7.html Composición del Senado 1977- es Historia Electoral.com 25 August 2025 auto + Parliamentary composition in January 2004https://www.congreso.es/web/guest/grupos/composicion-en-la-legislatura Grupos parlamentarios es Congress of Deputies 7 December 2020 Congress of Deputies Groups Parties Deputies Seats Total People's Parliamentary Group in the Congress PP 180 183 UPN 3 Socialist Parliamentary Group PSOE 107 124 PSC 17 Catalan Parliamentary Group(Convergence and Union) CDC 11 15 UDC 4 United Left's Federal Parliamentary Group IU 8 8 Basque Parliamentary Group (EAJ/PNV) EAJ/PNV 7 7 Canarian Coalition's Parliamentary Group AIC 2 4 ICAN 2 Mixed Parliamentary Group BNG 3 9 PA 1 ERC 1 ICV 1 EA 1 CHA 1 INDEP 1Cristina Alberdi, former PSOE legislator.17 December 2003 La ex ministra Alberdi se va del PSOE tras 5 meses de disputa https://www.diariocordoba.com/noticias/espana/ex-ministra-alberdi-va-psoe-5-meses-disputa_95935.html es Córdoba 14 March 2026 1em + Parliamentary composition in January 2004https://www.senado.es/web/composicionorganizacion/gruposparlamentarios/gruposparlamentariosdesde1977/index.html Grupos Parlamentarios desde 1977 es Senate of Spain 8 July 2020 Senate Groups Parties Senators Seats Total People's Parliamentary Group in the Senate PP 147 150 UPN 3 Socialist Parliamentary Group PSOE 67 67 Catalan Agreement of ProgressParliamentary Group PSC 9 12 ERC 2 ICV 1 Convergence and Union'sCatalan Parliamentary Group in the Senate CDC 7 10 UDC 3 Basque Nationalist Senators' Parliamentary Group EAJ/PNV 7 7 Canarian Coalition Senators' Parliamentary Group AIC 2 6 ICAN 2 AHI 1 AM 1 Mixed Parliamentary Group IU 3 7 BNG 1 PAR 1 PIL 1 INDEP 1Enrique Bellido, former PP legislator.Rodríguez José Luis 5 September 2002 Bellido deja la presidencia de la Comisión de Sanidad https://elpais.com/diario/2002/09/05/andalucia/1031178124_850215.html es El País Córdoba 14 March 2026 Candidates Nomination rules Spanish citizens with the right to vote could run for election, provided that they had not been criminally imprisoned by a final sentence or convicted—whether final or not—of offences that involved loss of eligibility or disqualification from public office (such as rebellion, terrorism or other crimes against the state). Additional causes of ineligibility applied to the following officials:Constitution 1978 art. 70; LOREG 1985 arts. 6 & 154. Members of the Spanish royal family and their spouses; Holders of a number of senior public or institutional posts, including the heads and members of higher courts and state institutions;These comprised the Constitutional Court, the General Council of the Judiciary, the Supreme Court, the Council of State, the Court of Auditors and the Economic and Social Council. the Ombudsman; the State's Attorney General; high-ranking officials of government departments, the Office of the Prime Minister and other state agencies; government delegates in the autonomous communities; the director-general of RTVE; the director of the Electoral Register Office; the governor and deputy governor of the Bank of Spain; the heads of official credit institutions; and members of electoral commissions and of the Nuclear Safety Council; Heads of diplomatic missions abroad; Judges and public prosecutors in active service; Members of the Armed Forces and law enforcement bodies in active service. Other ineligibility provisions also applied to a number of territorial officials in these categories within their areas of jurisdiction, as well as to employees of foreign states and members of regional governments. Incompatibility rules included those of ineligibility, and also barred running in multiple constituencies or lists, and combining legislative roles (deputy, senator, and regional lawmaker) with each other or with:Constitution 1978 art. 67; LOREG 1985 arts. 46 & 155–159. A number of senior public or institutional posts, including the presidency of the Competition Defence Court; and leadership positions in RTVE, government offices, public authorities (such as port authorities, hydrographic confederations, or highway concessionary companies), public entities and state-owned or publicly funded companies; Any other paid public or private position, except university teaching. Parties and lists List of political parties in Spain The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list.LOREG 1985 arts. 44 & 169. Below is a list of the main parties and alliances which contested the election: Candidacy Parties andalliances Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov. Government Ref. References Congress Senate Vote % Seats Vote % Seats PP List on People's Party (PP) Navarrese People's Union (UPN) Valencian Union (UV) Independents of Fuerteventura (IF) 50px Mariano Rajoy ConservatismChristian democracy 44.5% 183 45.4% 127 29 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/29/cvalenciana/1075407489_850215.html UV renuncia a sus siglas y Chiquillo irá en la lista del PP al Senado es El País Valencia 14 March 202621 February 2017 https://www.melillahoy.es/noticia/84513/opinion/-juan-jose-imbroda-candidato-indiscutible-.html Juan José Imbroda candidato indiscutible es Melilla Hoy 14 March 2026 PSOE List on Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC) The Greens (LV) 50px José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero Social democracy 34.2%"PSOE" 125 26.3% 53 27 October 2002 Zapatero ya es el candidato del PSOE a La Moncloa tras unas primarias sin rival https://www.libertaddigital.com/espana/2002-10-27/zapatero-ya-es-el-candidato-del-psoe-a-la-moncloa-tras-unas-primarias-sin-rival-1275321657/ es Libertad Digital 13 April 202511 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/11/espana/1073775613_850215.html Los Verdes concurrirán con el PSOE a las elecciones generales es El País Madrid 14 March 202627 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/27/catalunya/1075169248_850215.html Ciutadans pel Canvi se lamenta de no figurar en las listas del PSC a las generales es El País Barcelona 14 March 2026 CiU List on Convergence and Union (CiU)– Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC)– Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC) 50px Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida Catalan nationalismCentrism 4.2% 15 4.5% 8 Garriga Josep 30 November 2001 https://elpais.com/diario/2001/11/30/catalunya/1007086039_850215.html Duran se afianza como cabeza de lista de CiU en las generales de 2004 es El País Barcelona 14 March 2026Rusiñol Pere 25 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/25/catalunya/1074996438_850215.html Los partidos arrancan la precampaña como una reválida de las autonómicas es El País Barcelona 27 July 2026 IU List on United Left (IU)– Communist Party of Spain (PCE)– Collective for the Unity of Workers–Andalusian Left Bloc (CUT–BAI)– Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR)– Workers' Revolutionary Party–Revolutionary Left (PRT–IR) Initiative for Catalonia Greens–United and Alternative Left (ICV–EUiA)– Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV)– United and Alternative Left (EUiA) Bloc for Asturias (BA) The Greens of Aragon (LV) The Greens–United Left–Citizens' Alternative Initiative (LV–IU–AC25M)– 25 May Citizens' Alternative (AC25M) Independent Socialists of Extremadura (SIEx) United Left–The Agreement (Entesa)– United Left of the Valencian Country (EUPV)– Republican Left (IR) 50px Gaspar Llamazares SocialismCommunism 6.0%"IU+ICV" 9 7.7% 0 Elordi Cué Carlos 22 December 2003 https://elpais.com/diario/2003/12/22/espana/1072047607_850215.html IU cierra su etapa de división y reelige a Llamazares con el 76,5% de los votos es El País Madrid 14 March 2026 EAJ/PNV List on Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 50px Josu Erkoreka Basque nationalismChristian democracy 1.5%"Congress2000Navarre" Results in the 2000 Congress election, not including Navarre. 7 1.6%"Senate2000Navarre" Results in the 2000 Senate election, not including Navarre. 6 27 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/27/espana/1075158016_850215.html PNV y EA concurrirán por separado a los comicios de marzo es El País San Sebastián 14 March 2026Rodríguez Aizpeolea Luis Elordi Cué Carlos Company, Enric 16 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/16/espana/1076886015_850215.html El sustituto probable de Anasagasti es El País Bilbao 14 March 2026 CC List on Canarian Independent Groups (AIC)– Tenerife Group of Independents (ATI)– La Palma Group of Independents (API)– Gomera Group of Independents (AGI) Nationalist Canarian Initiative (ICAN) Nationalist Canarian Centre (CCN) Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC) Independent Herrenian Group (AHI) Majorera Assembly (AM) 50px Paulino Rivero RegionalismCanarian nationalismCentrism 1.1% 4 0.7% 5 BNG List on Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)– Galician People's Union (UPG)– Socialist Collective (CS)– Galician Nationalist Party–Galicianist Party (PNG–PG)– Nationalist Left (EN)– Inzar (Inzar) 50px Francisco Rodríguez Galician nationalismLeft-wing nationalismSocialism 1.3% 3 1.4% 0 PA List on Andalusian Party (PA) 50px José Antonio González Andalusian nationalismSocial democracy 0.9% 1 0.9% 0 ERC List on Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) 50px Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira Catalan independenceLeft-wing nationalismSocial democracy 0.8% 1 colspan="2" Contestedin alliancePSC–PSOE (7 senators), ERC (1 senator) and IC–V (0 senators) contested the 2000 Senate election within the Entesa alliance. Company, Enric 28 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/28/espana/1075244408_850215.html El líder de ERC buscará en las urnas el refrendo a sus gestiones ante ETA es El País Barcelona 14 March 2026Company, Enric 15 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/15/catalunya/1076810851_850215.html Carod desvincula su futuro del resultado de ERC en las elecciones legislativas es El País Barcelona 14 March 2026 EA List on Basque Solidarity (EA) 50px Begoña Lasagabaster Basque nationalismSocial democracy 0.4%"Congress2000Navarre" 1 0.4%"Senate2000Navarre" 0 15 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/15/paisvasco/1074199205_850215.html Aralar ve difícil coligarse con EA para las elecciones es El País Vitoria 14 March 202625 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/25/paisvasco/1075063200_850215.html Los partidos nacionalistas irán por separado a las elecciones generales es El País 14 March 2026 CHA List on Aragonese Union (CHA) 50px José Antonio Labordeta Aragonese nationalismEco-socialism 0.3% 1 0.3% 0 Otero Carlos 22 November 2003 https://www.aragondigital.es/articulo/politica/cha-reelige-labordeta-como-cabeza-lista-zaragoza-proximas-elecciones-generales/20031122193700527720.html CHA reelige a Labordeta como cabeza de lista por Zaragoza para las próximas elecciones generales es Aragón Digital Zaragoza 25 November 2025 NaBai List on Basque Solidarity (EA) Aralar (Aralar) Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) Assembly (Batzarre) 50px Uxue Barkos Basque nationalismSocial democracy 0.1%Results for EA (0.1%, 0 deputies) and EAJ/PNV in Navarre (0.0%, 0 deputies) in the 2000 Congress election. 0 0.1%Results for EA (0.1%, 0 senators) and EAJ/PNV in Navarre (0.0%, 0 senators) in the 2000 Senate election. 0 Muez Mikel 24 December 2003 https://elpais.com/diario/2003/12/24/espana/1072220411_850215.html PNV, EA y Aralar irán juntos a las elecciones generales en Navarra es El País Pamplona 14 March 2026Muez Mikel 7 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/07/paisvasco/1073508005_850215.html Una periodista encabezará la lista nacionalista navarra es El País Pamplona 14 March 2026Gastaminza Genoveva 25 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/25/paisvasco/1075063207_850215.html En Navarra sí, en Euskadi no es El País San Sebastián 14 March 2026 PSC–ERC–ICV–EUiA List on Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC) Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV) United and Alternative Left (EUiA) 50px Mercedes Aroz CatalanismSocial democracyEco-socialism colspan="2" Did not contest 6.0% 8 23 January 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/01/23/catalunya/1074823649_850215.html Obstáculos en la Entesa es El País Barcelona 14 March 2026 The Socialists' Party of Catalonia, ERC and Initiative for Catalonia Greens agreed to continue with the Catalan Agreement of Progress alliance for the Senate with the inclusion of United and Alternative Left. In the Balearic Islands, PSM–Nationalist Agreement, United Left of the Balearic Islands, The Greens of the Balearic Islands and ERC formed the Progressives for the Balearic Islands alliance.Lorenzo Ll. 24 December 2003 El PSM propone a Nanda Ramon para encabezar la lista al Congreso https://www.ultimahora.es/noticias/local/2003/12/24/687499/el-psm-propone-a-nanda-ramon-para-encabezar-la-lista-al-congreso.html es Última Hora 14 March 2026 A proposal for an all-left electoral alliance for the Senate in the Valencian Community, comprising the PSOE, United Left of the Valencian Country and the Valencian Nationalist Bloc, was ultimately discarded.García del Moral Juanjo 23 October 2003 https://elpais.com/diario/2003/10/23/cvalenciana/1066936697_850215.html EU propone una lista conjunta de la izquierda para el Senado es El País Valencia 14 March 202627 October 2003 https://elpais.com/diario/2003/10/27/cvalenciana/1067285889_850215.html El Bloc propone una plataforma valencianista para las elecciones es El País Valencia 14 March 2026Vázquez Cristina García del Moral Juanjo 28 October 2003 https://elpais.com/diario/2003/10/28/cvalenciana/1067372287_850215.html Pla estudiará la oferta de EU para ir en una lista conjunta al Senado es El País Valencia 14 March 2026 Campaign Party slogans Party or alliance Original slogan English translation Ref. References PP « Juntos vamos a más » "Together we go further" Servimedia 26 February 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/02/26/enespecial/1077797657.html El PP mantiene el lema 'Juntos vamos a más' pese a coincidir con el eslogan de una caja andaluza es El Mundo Madrid 27 July 2026 PSOE « Merecemos una España mejor » "We deserve a better Spain" 12 February 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/02/12/actualidad/1076577423_850215.html El PSOE presenta su campaña para el 14-M bajo el lema 'Merecemos una España mejor' es El País Madrid 27 July 2026 CiU « Duran per Catalunya: sentit comú » "Duran for Catalonia: common sense" 26 February 2004 https://www.ccma.cat/324/ciu-incorpora-leslogan-prou-de-fer-mal-a-catalunya-com-a-resposta-a-lafer-carod/noticia/59336/ CiU incorporà l'eslògan "Prou de fer mal a Catalunya" com a resposta a l'"afer Carod" ca CCMA 27 July 2026EFE 27 February 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/02/27/enespecial/1077841059.html Duran garantiza que PP y PSOE 'sudarán' por el apoyo de CiU es El Mundo Barcelona 27 July 2026Julve Rafa 17 December 2015 https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20151217/carteles-electorales-convergencia-unio-elecciones-generales-4743975 Los carteles de Convergència y de Unió para las elecciones generales desde 1982 es El Periódico de Catalunya Barcelona 27 July 2026 IU « Con tu voto, es posible. Palabra » "With your vote, it is possible. Promise" 8 November 2011 https://ciudadanosencrisis.wordpress.com/2011/11/08/los-lemas-que-ganaron-elecciones/ Los lemas que ganaron elecciones es ciudadanosencrisis.wordpress.com Ciudadanos en crisis 24 January 2019 EAJ/PNV « Tú tienes la palabra »« Tu voz es importante en Madrid » "You have the word""Your voice is important in Madrid" EFE 26 February 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/02/26/espana/1077799733.html La campaña electoral arranca esta noche con el estreno de los líderes de los principales partidos es El Mundo Madrid 27 July 2026 CC « Gana Canarias, ganas tú » "The Canaries win, you win" Agencias 26 February 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/02/26/espana/1077756617_850215.html Rajoy en Santiago y Zapatero en Madrid abren una campaña marcada por ETA es Cadena SER Madrid 27 July 2026 BNG « Dálle un Sí a Galiza » "Give a Yes to Galicia" PA « Andalucía es nuestro trabajo » "Andalusia is our job" EFE 11 July 2003 https://elpais.com/diario/2003/07/11/andalucia/1057875731_850215.html 'Andalucía es nuestro trabajo', nuevo lema electoral del PA es El País Seville 27 July 2026 ERC « Parlant la gent s'entén » "People understand [each other] by talking" Dumall Juancho 5 May 2014 https://www.elperiodico.com/es/opinion/20140504/del-forum-a-la-consulta-3265068 Del Fòrum a la consulta es El Periódico de Catalunya 27 July 2026 CHA « Labordeta, gente como tú » "Labordeta, people like you" NaBai « Orain da geroa! »« ¡Ahora es el futuro! » "The future is now!" 17 November 2011 http://www.zabaltzen.net/2011/11/orain-da-geroa/ Orain da GEROA es Zabaltzen 27 July 2026 22 July 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160722195904/http://www.zabaltzen.net/2011/11/orain-da-geroa/ bot: unknown Events and issues The issues of terrorism and the State's model (with a particular focus on the major parties' relationship with peripheral nationalisms) featured predominantly in the campaign, particularly over the crisis in the Catalan government following the Carod affair and the political row in the Basque Country over the Ibarretxe Plan.27 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/27/espana/1077836415_850215.html Los temas que el PP considera prioritarios acaparan las tertulias matinales de televisión es El País Madrid 20 March 2026 Unemployment and economic progress were also campaign themes.Marcos Pilar Peregil Francisco 16 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/16/espana/1076886003_850215.html Rajoy promete dos millones de empleos y bajar el paro al 8% en cuatro años es El País Madrid 20 March 2026 On the issue of the Iraq War, the PSOE vowed to withdraw the 1,300 Spanish troops destined for the occupation of the country, whereas the PP advocated for a continued military presence and declined to reveal whether they would double the contingent of soldiers.Díez Anabel 13 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/13/espana/1076626806_850215.html Zapatero promete la vuelta de las tropas el 1 de julio si la ONU no se hace cargo de Irak es El País Madrid 20 March 2026Rodríguez Aizpeolea Luis Marcos Pilar 14 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/14/espana/1076713203_850215.html El PP promete seguir en Irak y carga contra Zapatero por plantear la retirada es El País Madrid 20 March 2026 No leaders' debates were held in the 2004 general election campaign due to the PP's refusal to have one,Marcos Pilar 17 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/17/espana/1076972403_850215.html El PP protege a Rajoy de los debates y de las preguntas de los periodistas es El País Madrid 20 March 2026Gallego-Díaz Soledad 26 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/26/espana/1077750003_850215.html El debate más tonto de la campaña es El País 20 March 2026 particularly a face off between prime ministerial candidates Rajoy and Zapatero requested by the latter.Neudecker Michael Pérez Monguió Fernando 17 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/17/espana/1076972411_850215.html El líder del PSOE pide un debate con Rajoy como prueba de regeneración democrática es El País Cádiz / Madrid 20 March 2026 Instead, the PP proposed having a debate with all twelve parties with parliamentary representation in the Congress of Deputies,Elordi Cué Carlos 20 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/20/espana/1077231620_850215.html El PP acepta debates sólo si están los 12 partidos con representación parlamentaria es El País Madrid 20 March 2026Díez Anabel 26 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/26/espana/1077750004_850215.html RTVE dice al PSOE que sólo habrá debate si aceptan los 12 partidos del Congreso es El País Madrid 20 March 2026 but it was considered logistically complex.Elordi Cué Carlos 28 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/28/espana/1077922818_850215.html Todos los partidos aceptan el debate a 12 que propone el PP, aunque critican la idea es El País Barcelona 20 March 2026 Previously, Rajoy had demanded an electoral debate with the leaders of the PSOE, IU and ERC.Marcos Pilar 19 February 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/02/19/espana/1077145224_850215.html Rajoy "exige" un debate con el líder del PSOE, con Llamazares y con Carod es El País Madrid 20 March 2026 Las noticias del guiñol, a satirical news programme on Canal+, aired on 2 March a fictional debate between Rajoy and Zapatero using latex puppets.García Gómez Rosario 2 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/02/radiotv/1078182002_850215.html 'Los guiñoles' ofrecen un disparatado cara a cara entre Rajoy y Zapatero es El País Madrid 20 March 2026 Madrid train bombings 2004 Madrid train bombings Reactions to the 2004 Madrid train bombings Controversies about the 2004 Madrid train bombings During the peak of Madrid rush hour on the morning of Thursday, 11 March 2004, ten explosions occurred aboard four commuter trains (cercanías) between Alcalá de Henares and Atocha station, killing 193 people and injuring around 2,500, in what would become the deadliest terrorist attack in the history of Spain and the deadliest in Europe since the Lockerbie bombing in 1988.12 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/12/madrid/1079094263_850215.html Los atentados siembran el caos en Madrid es El País Madrid 22 March 202512 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/12/espana/1079046024_850215.html El atentado más sangriento en Europa desde 1988 es El País 22 March 2025 thumb|left|alt=Map showing the locations of the 2004 Madrid train bombings|Map of the bombings. In response to the bombings, political parties announced the suspension of their campaigns.Agencias 11 March 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/03/11/espana/1078966213_850215.html Los partidos suspenden la campaña electoral es Cadena SER Madrid 22 March 2025 At first, politicians from all parties—including the PSOE,11 March 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/03/11/espana/1078966213_850215.html Zapatero: "Pido a los ciudadanos como reacción a ETA una masiva participación en las urnas" es Cadena SER 22 March 2025 CiU,EFE 11 March 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/03/11/espana/1078996037.html Duran pide a los partidos que no caigan en la tentación de instrumentalizar los atentados es El Mundo Barcelona 22 March 2025 IU,Elordi Cué Carlos 12 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/12/espana/1079046062_850215.html Llamazares cree que la división de los demócratas sería "imperdonable" y rechaza el uso político de atentados es El País Seville 22 March 2025 PNV,Agencias 11 March 2004 https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20040311/51262789466/ibarretxe-califica-de-monstruosidad-la-matanza-y-augura-que-eta-escribe-su-final-con-acciones-ter.html Ibarretxe califica de "monstruosidad" la matanza y augura que ETA escribe su final con acciones "terribles" es La Vanguardia Vitoria 22 March 2025 and ERCCompany, Enric 12 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/12/espana/1079046063_850215.html Carod condena la masacre e insiste en el diálogo con ETA es El País Barcelona 22 March 2025—blamed ETA. The Spanish government immediately declared three days of national mourning and claimed ETA's responsibility, with Prime Minister José María Aznar personally phoning newspaper editors to uphold this version at noon on the day of the attacks while dismissing any other authorship.Richburg Keith B. 16 March 2024 http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A64633-2004Mar16?language=printer https://web.archive.org/web/20040405141618/http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A64633-2004Mar16?language=printer dead 2004-04-05 Spain Campaigned to Pin Blame on ETA The Washington Post Madrid 22 March 2025Vico Antonio 2 March 2024 https://cadenaser.com/nacional/2024/03/02/jesus-ceberio-exdirector-de-el-pais-aznar-intento-enganar-a-un-pais-entero-cadena-ser/ Jesús Ceberio, exdirector de El País: "Aznar intentó engañar a un país entero" es Cadena SER Madrid 22 March 2025 Aznar's government also sent messages to all Spanish embassies abroad ordering that they uphold the version that ETA was responsible.13 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/13/espana/1079132403_850215.html Palacio instruye a todos los embajadores para que confirmen la responsabilidad de ETA es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 However, ETA denied any involvement in the attacks,Agencias 12 March 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/03/12/actualidad/1079059882_850215.html ETA niega en una llamada a Gara su responsabilidad en los atentados es Cadena SER Madrid 22 March 2025Agence France-Presse 12 March 2004 https://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-03-13/eta-denies-bombings-as-millions-march/150790 ETA denies bombings as millions march ABC News 19 March 2026 and evidence obtained by police and security forces started pointing to an Islamist authorship by the afternoon of 11 March;Agence France-Presse 12 March 2004 https://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-03-12/anti-terror-protests-to-mark-mourning-in-spain/150348 Anti-terror protests to mark mourning in Spain ABC News 19 March 2026 particularly, the discovery of a van containing a tape with Qur'anic verses and an al-Qaeda claim of responsibility being published by the Al-Quds Al-Arabi London Arabic-language newspaper.Orovio Ignacio Goyoaga Ander 11 March 2024 https://edition.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/europe/03/12/spain.blasts/index.html Bombs were Spanish-made explosives CNN Madrid 22 March 2025Orovio Ignacio Goyoaga Ander 11 March 2024 https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20240311/9546373/guardia-civil-escucho-eta-8-manana-11-m-ser-moros.html La Guardia Civil escuchó a ETA a las 8 de la mañana del 11-M: "Han tenido que ser los moros" es La Vanguardia Barcelona / Bilbao 22 March 2025 The government insisted on the ETA's authorship claim into 12 March (despite the discovery that day of a detonator that did not match those used by ETA)Agencias 12 March 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/03/12/espana/1079113329.html Acebes apunta a ETA; los terroristas niegan su participación es El Mundo Madrid 22 March 2025 and, on the eve of the election, PP candidate Mariano Rajoy claimed in an El Mundo interview that he had "the moral conviction that it was ETA".EFE 13 March 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/03/13/espana/1079151420.html Mariano Rajoy: «Tengo la convicción moral de que fue ETA» es El Mundo Madrid 22 March 2025 By that point, however, interior minister Ángel Acebes had publicly acknowledged that the government had not "closed off any line of investigation". In the days previous to the election, millions of Spaniards took to the streets in massive demonstrations across the country to condemn terrorism and express solidarity for the victims,12 March 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/03/12/album/1079083019_910215.html Concentraciones contra los atentados de Madrid es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 but also to demand answers about the attacks—with cabinet members at the Madrid demonstration on 12 March being met with booing and shouts of "Who did it?"—amid growing concerns that the government was deliberately concealing evidence from the public to seek political advantage in the election.Agencies 12 March 2004 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/mar/12/spain Millions protest Madrid attacks The Guardian 19 March 2026Ordaz Pablo 13 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/13/espana/1079132424_850215.html "¿Quién ha sido?" es El País Madrid 22 March 202510 March 2024 https://efe.com/espana/2024-03-10/11m-reconstruccion-dias-que-sobrecogieron-a-espana/ 11M-14M, año 2004: reconstrucción de cuatro días que sobrecogieron a España es EFE Madrid 22 March 2025 thumb|alt=Remains of a commuter train being dismantled by a crane|Remains of a commuter train after the bombings. During the day of election silence on 13 March, spontaneous cell phone messages ending in the catchphrase "pass it on" (es Pásalo no) invoked thousands to unofficial demonstrations in front of the ruling PP's headquarters in major cities throughout the country,13 March 2004 https://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-03-14/spanish-protest-against-government-manipulation/151030 Spanish protest against Government 'manipulation' ABC News 22 March 2026Gil Andrés 9 March 2024 https://www.eldiario.es/politica/20-anos-pasalo-dia-sms-creo-marea-ciudadana-mentiras-gobierno-aznar_1_10979767.html 20 años del "¡Pásalo!": el día en que un SMS creó una marea ciudadana contra las mentiras del Gobierno de Aznar es elDiario.es 22 March 2025 blaming the attacks on Aznar's decision to engage in the Iraq War (with shouts of "your war, our dead" and "murderers").13 March 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/03/13/actualidad/1079169429_850215.html Miles de personas se concentran frente a las sedes del PP en toda España es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 On the evening of that day, the Spanish government announced the arrest of three Moroccans and two Indians, concurrently with the discovery of a videotape from a purported al-Qaeda official claiming responsibility for the attacks.Agencias 13 March 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/03/13/espana/1079203531.html Al Qaeda reivindica los atentados en un vídeo hallado en Madrid es El Mundo Madrid 22 March 2025Sciolino Elaine Alvarez Lizette 14 March 2004 https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/14/world/video-claims-al-qaeda-set-blasts-spain-officials-arrest-3-moroccans-2-indians.html Video Claims Al Qaeda Set Blasts in Spain; Officials Arrest 3 Moroccans and 2 Indians The New York Times 19 March 2026 This stirred further anti-government unrest throughout the country demanding to "being told the truth",13 March 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/03/12/album/1079083019_910215.html Anti-government protests spring up across Spain Reuters Madrid 22 March 202514 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/14/espana/1079218807_850215.html Miles de personas exigen en las calles españolas que se les diga la verdad antes de votar es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 which prompted Rajoy to issue a statement denouncing that the "illegal" protests constituted "undemocratic acts of pressure on tomorrow's election", and accusing the opposition PSOE of staging them.Valerio María Bécares Roberto Fernández Helena 13 March 2004 https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/03/13/espana/1079200520.html Miles de personas protestan en toda España contra el PP es El Mundo Madrid 22 March 2025 PSOE's campaign manager, Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba, replied in a press briefing rejecting Rajoy's accusations and condemning the government's handling of the crisis, revealing that party leaders had been aware for many hours that the main line of police investigation into the attacks was now pointing to Islamism—information which the government withheld from its public statements—and that they were never going to "use terrorism for political purposes", while uttering that "the Spanish people deserve a government that doesn't lie to them, that always tells them the truth".13 March 2004 https://www.abc.es/espana/abci-rubalcaba-espanoles-merecen-gobierno-no-mienta-200403130300-962435761225_noticia.html Rubalcaba: «Los españoles se merecen un Gobierno que no les mienta» es ABC Madrid 22 March 2025 By the end of the night, the entire opposition was accusing the PP government of manipulating and concealing information on the bombings.Rodríguez Aizpeolea Luis 14 March 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/03/14/espana/1079218841_850215.html Toda la oposición acusa al Gobierno de manipular y ocultar información es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 In the ensuing years, several sources would claim that the prospective electoral influence of the bombings was discussed in an emergency government meeting held on 11 March, which focused on the massacre's authorship: if ETA was proven to be responsible, it would favour the PP's hardline campaign on terrorism in a rally 'round the flag effect, but if an Islamist group appeared to have caused the blasts, people would link them to the Spanish intervention in the Iraq War and blame the PP for earning Spain enemies. Along these lines, a statement allegedly made in the meeting—and attributed by some accounts to Aznar's chief advisor, Pedro Arriola—claimed that "if it was ETA, we'll win [by a landslide]; if it was the Islamists, the PSOE shall win".The exact wording of the sentence varies depending on the source; a more informal variation states: "if it was ETA, we sweep the map; if it was the Islamists, we go home."Junquera Natalia 3 February 2020 https://elpais.com/politica/2020/02/01/actualidad/1580560650_656905.html Margallo: "Casado no ganó las primarias. Habríamos votado a cualquiera que no fuera Soraya" es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 "El 11-M. "Si ha sido ETA, nos salimos del mapa". "Cuando al rato entraron Pedro Arriola y Paco Villar, les pregunté: 'Pero, ¿sabemos quién ha sido?'. "Todavía no" —me respondieron—. Si ha sido ETA nos salimos del mapa, pero si han sido los yihadistas, nos vamos a casa". "Preocupante diagnóstico, y certero"."Díez Anabel 8 November 2007 https://elpais.com/diario/2007/11/08/espana/1194476403_850215.html El PSOE contrasta en un vídeo el bulo del PP con la sentencia del 11-M es El País Madrid 22 March 2025 "El vídeo incorpora las impresiones del sociólogo Pedro Arriola, asesor de Aznar, horas después del atentado, recogidas en el libro del periodista de El Mundo Casimiro García Abadillo. "Si ha sido ETA, barremos; si han sido los islamistas, gana el PSOE", opinó el experto." Opinion polls Opinion polling for the 2004 Spanish general election OpinionPollingSpainGeneralElection2004.svg 750px Local regression trend line of poll results from 12 March 2000 to 14 March 2004, with each line corresponding to a political party. Voter turnout The table below shows registered voter turnout during the election. Figures for election day do not include non-resident citizens, while final figures do. Region Time (Election day) Final 14:00 18:00 20:00 2000 2004 +/– 2000 2004 +/– 2000 2004 +/– 2000 2004 +/– Andalusia 36.72% 40.99% +4.27 56.12% 63.16% +7.04 69.77% 75.96% +6.19 68.77% 74.77% +6.00 Aragon 38.45% 42.56% +4.11 56.90% 62.78% +5.88 72.25% 78.01% +5.76 71.39% 77.04% +5.65 Asturias 34.39% 38.50% +4.11 55.25% 60.41% +5.16 69.36% 74.40% +5.04 66.99% 71.73% +4.74 Balearic Islands 34.96% 40.86% +5.90 49.86% 58.28% +8.42 61.91% 69.45% +7.54 61.43% 68.84% +7.41 Basque Country 35.42% 42.17% +6.75 50.98% 61.99% +11.01 64.51% 75.94% +11.43 63.84% 74.97% +11.13 Canary Islands 26.00% 30.29% +4.29 42.45% 50.44% +7.99 61.63% 67.69% +6.06 60.67% 66.70% +6.03 Cantabria 35.24% 43.67% +8.43 58.14% 66.27% +8.13 73.34% 79.20% +5.86 71.81% 77.23% +5.42 Castile and León 38.95% 42.06% +3.11 59.97% 65.43% +5.46 74.37% 80.00% +5.63 72.57% 77.81% +5.24 Castilla–La Mancha 40.10% 42.99% +2.89 61.86% 66.41% +4.55 77.03% 80.65% +3.62 76.31% 79.90% +3.59 Catalonia 34.11% 42.21% +8.10 49.71% 62.32% +12.61 64.70% 76.96% +12.26 64.01% 75.96% +11.95 Extremadura 43.40% 45.45% +2.05 62.54% 66.68% +4.14 76.67% 80.87% +4.20 75.42% 79.26% +3.84 Galicia 31.86% 34.68% +2.82 55.61% 61.48% +5.87 69.49% 76.09% +6.60 65.02% 70.97% +5.95 La Rioja 42.65% 46.75% +4.10 60.08% 66.24% +6.16 75.44% 80.77% +5.33 74.21% 79.46% +5.25 Madrid 37.12% 38.84% +1.72 57.63% 63.78% +6.15 73.43% 80.74% +7.31 72.08% 78.93% +6.85 Murcia 40.40% 44.00% +3.60 60.96% 66.36% +5.40 74.49% 78.05% +3.56 73.54% 77.06% +3.52 Navarre 35.76% 41.24% +5.48 52.74% 62.83% +10.09 67.16% 77.59% +10.43 66.07% 76.22% +10.15 Valencian Community 41.70% 46.49% +4.79 59.95% 66.46% +6.51 73.39% 78.82% +5.43 72.70% 77.71% +5.01 Ceuta 28.48% 34.39% +5.91 42.62% 51.47% +8.85 56.20% 65.13% +8.93 55.15% 63.45% +8.30 Melilla 27.01% 29.56% +2.55 42.34% 45.98% +3.64 55.93% 58.56% +2.63 54.00% 55.84% +1.84 Total 36.50% 41.02% +4.52 55.45% 63.02% +7.57 70.00% 77.26% +7.26 68.71% 75.66% +6.95 Sourceshttps://infoelectoral.interior.gob.es/es/elecciones-celebradas/resultados-electorales/ Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales es Ministry of the Interior 15 April 2022 5 August 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240805154842/https://infoelectoral.interior.gob.es/es/elecciones-celebradas/resultados-electorales/ dead Results Congress of Deputies results by autonomous community/constituency Results of the 2004 Spanish Congress election elected deputies 8th Congress of Deputies + ← Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results → center|400px Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 11,026,163 42.59 +8.42 164 +39 People's Party (PP) 9,763,144 37.71 −6.81 148 −35 United Left (IU)2 1,284,081 4.96 −0.93 5 −4 Convergence and Union (CiU) 835,471 3.23 −0.96 10 −5 Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) 652,196 2.52 +1.68 8 +7 Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)3 420,980 1.63 +0.13 7 ±0 Canarian Coalition (CC) 235,221 0.91 −0.16 3 −1 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 208,688 0.81 −0.51 2 −1 Andalusian Party (PA) 181,868 0.70 −0.19 0 −1 Aragonese Union (CHA) 94,252 0.36 +0.03 1 ±0 Basque Solidarity (EA)3 80,905 0.31 −0.06 1 ±0 The Eco-pacifist Greens (LVEP) 68,027 0.26 +0.16 0 ±0 The Eco-pacifist Greens (LVEP) 37,499 0.14 +0.04 0 ±0 The Greens–The Ecologist Alternative (EV–AE) 30,528 0.12 New 0 ±0 Navarre Yes (NaBai)4 61,045 0.24 +0.15 1 +1 Valencian Nationalist Bloc–Green Left (Bloc–EV) 40,759 0.16 −0.09 0 ±0 Progressives for the Balearic Islands (PSM–EN, EU, EV, ER)5 40,289 0.16 −0.06 0 ±0 Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 40,208 0.16 New 0 ±0 Aralar–Stand up (Aralar–Zutik) 38,560 0.15 New 0 ±0 Aragonese Party (PAR) 36,540 0.14 −0.03 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 34,101 0.13 +0.03 0 ±0 Socialist Party of Andalusia (PSA) 24,127 0.09 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 21,758 0.08 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Greens of the Community of Madrid (LVCM) 19,600 0.08 −0.01 0 ±0 Republican Left (IR) 16,993 0.07 New 0 ±0 Cannabis Party for Legalization and Normalization (PCLyN) 16,918 0.07 New 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 16,699 0.06 New 0 ±0 The Greens (Verdes) 15,220 0.06 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Greens of the Region of Murcia (LVRM) 7,074 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Greens of Asturias (Verdes) 5,013 0.02 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Greens of Extremadura (LV) 3,133 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 15,180 0.06 New 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 14,160 0.05 −0.13 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 12,979 0.05 −0.01 0 ±0 The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV) 12,749 0.05 −0.04 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS)6 12,266 0.05 +0.02 0 ±0 Majorcan Union (UM) 10,558 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 10,311 0.04 −0.02 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 8,866 0.03 −0.05 0 ±0 Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 8,003 0.03 −0.02 0 ±0 Republican Social Movement (MSR) 6,768 0.03 New 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 5,677 0.02 −0.02 0 ±0 Convergence of Democrats of Navarre (CDN) 5,573 0.02 −0.02 0 ±0 Authentic Phalanx (FA) 4,589 0.02 New 0 ±0 Asturianist Party (PAS) 4,292 0.02 −0.01 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 4,231 0.02 −0.02 0 ±0 Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC) 4,092 0.02 New 0 ±0 United Extremadura (EU) 3,916 0.02 ±0.00 0 ±0 Party of Self-employed and Professionals (AUTONOMO) 3,124 0.01 −0.01 0 ±0 Initiative for the Development of Soria (IDES) 2,934 0.01 New 0 ±0 Andalusia Assembly (A) 2,930 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Canarian Popular Alternative (APCa) 2,715 0.01 New 0 ±0 European Green Group (GVE) 2,662 0.01 New 0 ±0 Independent Candidacy–The Party of Castile and León (CI–PCL) 2,421 0.01 −0.01 0 ±0 Unsubmissive Seats–Alternative of Discontented Democrats (Ei–ADD) 2,332 0.01 New 0 ±0 Party of the Democratic Karma (PKD) 2,300 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Galician People's Front (FPG) 2,257 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Galician Coalition (CG) 2,235 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Alliance for Development and Nature (ADN) 2,215 0.01 New 0 ±0 Party of Precarious Workers (PTPRE) 2,115 0.01 New 0 ±0 Kingdom of Valencia Identity (IRV) 2,111 0.01 New 0 ±0 Party of Self-employed, Retirees and Widows (PAE) 2,082 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Andecha Astur (AA) 1,970 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Union of the Salamancan People (UPSa) 1,871 0.01 New 0 ±0 The Greens–Green Alternative (EV–AV) 1,836 0.01 −0.04 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 1,813 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Romantic Mutual Support Party (PMAR) 1,561 0.01 New 0 ±0 Cantabrian Nationalist Council (CNC) 1,431 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Salamanca–Zamora–León–PREPAL (PREPAL) 1,322 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Another Democracy is Possible (ODeP) 1,302 0.01 New 0 ±0 Independent Social Group (ASI) 1,237 0.00 New 0 ±0 Independent Social Democratic Party of the Valencian Community (PSICV) 1,096 0.00 New 0 ±0 Republican Party (PRF) 1,051 0.00 New 0 ±0 Alternative for Gran Canaria (AxGC) 957 0.00 New 0 ±0 Alliance for National Unity (AUN) 923 0.00 New 0 ±0 Left Assembly–Initiative for Andalusia (A–IZ) 901 0.00 New 0 ±0 Christian Positivist Party (PPCr) 892 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Asturian Left (IAS) 854 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Socialist Party of the People of Ceuta (PSPC) 807 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Liberal Centrist Union (UCL) 798 0.00 New 0 ±0 Caló Nationalist Party (PNCA) 757 0.00 −0.01 0 ±0 United Zamora (ZU) 754 0.00 New 0 ±0 Union of Centrists of Menorca (UCM) 751 0.00 New 0 ±0 Internationalist Struggle (LI (LIT–CI)) 668 0.00 −0.01 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Front (FDE) 619 0.00 New 0 ±0 Castilian Unity (UdCa) 601 0.00 New 0 ±0 Andalusian Social Democratic Party (PSDA) 583 0.00 New 0 ±0 Nationalist Maga Alternative (AMAGA) 468 0.00 New 0 ±0 Balearic People's Union (UPB) 411 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 European Nation State (N) 410 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD) 407 0.00 New 0 ±0 National Workers' Party (PNT) 379 0.00 New 0 ±0 Party of The People (LG) 378 0.00 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of Guadalajara (PRGU) 330 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 National Union (UN) 318 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Citizens' Convergence of the South-East (CCSE) 308 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 National Democratic Party of Spain (PDNE) 232 0.00 New 0 ±0 Spanish Absolute Honesty Political Group (GPHAE) 52 0.00 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 407,795 1.58 ±0.00 Total 25,891,299 350 ±0 Valid votes 25,891,299 98.99 −0.33 Invalid votes 264,137 1.01 +0.33 Votes cast / turnout 26,155,436 75.66 +6.95 Abstentions 8,416,395 24.34 −6.95 Registered voters 34,571,831 SourcesLozano Carles https://www.historiaelectoral.com/e2004.html Elecciones Generales 14 de marzo de 2004 es Historia Electoral.com 25 August 20255 May 2004 Acuerdos de 25 de marzo y de 22 de abril de 2004, de la Junta Electoral Central, por los que se ordena la publicación del resumen de los resultados de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados y al Senado convocadas por Real Decreto 100/2004, de 19 de enero, y celebradas el 14 de marzo de 2004, conforme a las actas de escrutinio general y de proclamación de electos remitidas por las distintas Juntas Electorales Provinciales y por las Juntas Electorales de Ceuta y de Melilla https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2004/05/05/pdfs/A17586-17618.pdf es Official State Gazette 109 0212-033X 17586–17618 19 October 2025 left Footnotes: 1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party results are compared to the combined totals of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party–Progressives and Extremaduran Coalition in the 2000 election. 2 United Left results are compared to the combined totals of United Left, Initiative for Catalonia–Greens and Independent Socialists of Extremadura in the 2000 election. It does not include results in the Balearic Islands. 3 Basque Nationalist Party and Basque Solidarity do not include results in Navarre. 4 Navarre Yes results are compared to the combined totals of Basque Solidarity and Basque Nationalist Party in Navarre in the 2000 election. 5 Progressives for the Balearic Islands results are compared to the combined totals of Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalist Agreement, United Left of the Balearic Islands, The Greens of the Balearic Islands and Republican Left of Catalonia in the 2000 election, only in the Balearic Islands. 6 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO results are compared to Independent Spanish Phalanx–Phalanx 2000 totals in the 2000 election. Popular vote #ddd 550px 500px PSOE Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 42.59 PP People's Party (Spain) 37.71 IU United Left (Spain) 4.96 CiU Convergence and Union 3.23 ERC Republican Left of Catalonia 2.52 EAJ/PNV Basque Nationalist Party 1.63 CC Canarian Coalition 0.91 BNG Galician Nationalist Bloc 0.81 CHA Chunta Aragonesista 0.36 EA Eusko Alkartasuna 0.31 NaBai Nafarroa Bai 0.24 Others #777777 3.17 Blank ballots #DDDDDD 1.58 Seats #ddd 550px 500px PSOE Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 46.86 PP People's Party (Spain) 42.29 CiU Convergence and Union 2.86 ERC Republican Left of Catalonia 2.29 EAJ/PNV Basque Nationalist Party 2.00 IU United Left (Spain) 1.43 CC Canarian Coalition 0.89 BNG Galician Nationalist Bloc 0.57 CHA Chunta Aragonesista 0.29 EA Eusko Alkartasuna 0.29 NaBai Nafarroa Bai 0.29 Senate + ← Summary of the 14 March 2004 Senate of Spain election results → center|375px Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 26,639,965 37.92 −7.43 102 −25 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 25,666,070 36.53 +10.13 81 +28 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 25,664,516 36.53 +10.13 81 +28 For our Land (PSOE–PNC) 1,554 0.00 New 0 ±0 Catalan Agreement of Progress (PSC–ERC–ICV–EUiA) 6,087,158 8.66 +2.66 12 +4 United Left (IU) 2,857,366 4.07 −3.60 0 ±0 Convergence and Union (CiU) 2,670,375 3.80 −0.73 4 −4 Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)2 1,219,623 1.74 +0.12 6 ±0 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 750,251 1.07 −0.36 0 ±0 Andalusian Party (PA) 487,558 0.69 −0.24 0 ±0 Canarian Coalition (CC) 409,246 0.58 −0.13 3 −2 The Eco-pacifist Greens (LVEP) 267,017 0.38 +0.30 0 ±0 The Greens–The Ecologist Alternative (EV–AE) 200,487 0.28 New 0 ±0 The Eco-pacifist Greens (LVEP) 66,530 0.09 +0.01 0 ±0 Basque Solidarity (EA)2 227,665 0.32 −0.09 0 ±0 Aragonese Union (CHA) 227,065 0.32 +0.02 0 ±0 Navarre Yes (NaBai)3 176,179 0.25 +0.21 0 ±0 Valencian Nationalist Bloc–Green Left (Bloc–EV) 135,872 0.19 +0.06 0 ±0 Aragonese Party (PAR) 124,777 0.18 −0.02 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 92,564 0.13 +0.03 0 ±0 Aralar–Stand up (Aralar–Zutik) 92,118 0.13 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 85,877 0.12 +0.01 0 ±0 Progressives for the Balearic Islands (PSM–EN, EU, EV, ER)4 74,842 0.11 −0.11 0 ±0 Socialist Party of Andalusia (PSA) 73,843 0.11 New 0 ±0 Join Action (AY) 67,356 0.10 New 0 ±0 Burdened and Angry Citizens (CAyC) 66,213 0.09 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 64,987 0.09 New 0 ±0 Cannabis Party for Legalization and Normalization (PCLyN) 57,312 0.08 New 0 ±0 The Greens (Verdes) 56,672 0.08 −0.05 0 ±0 The Greens of the Region of Murcia (LVRM) 24,257 0.03 −0.01 0 ±0 The Greens of Asturias (Verdes) 17,899 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Greens of Extremadura (LV) 10,948 0.02 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Greens–Left Forum (LV–FI) 2,847 0.00 New 0 ±0 The Greens of the Canaries (Verdes) 721 0.00 −0.03 0 ±0 Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 56,300 0.08 ±0.00 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 55,587 0.08 −0.12 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 49,495 0.07 −0.01 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS)5 45,127 0.06 +0.02 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 41,992 0.06 −0.05 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 35,476 0.05 New 0 ±0 Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 35,385 0.05 New 0 ±0 Another Democracy is Possible (ODeP) 30,557 0.04 New 0 ±0 The Greens of the Community of Madrid (LVCM) 28,788 0.04 −0.05 0 ±0 Republican Left–Socialist Action Party (IR–PASOC) 27,973 0.04 +0.02 0 ±0 Majorcan Union (UM) 27,050 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0 Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC) 23,852 0.03 −0.02 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 23,544 0.03 New 0 ±0 Republican Left of the Valencian Country (ERPV) 22,688 0.03 +0.01 0 ±0 The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV) 22,656 0.03 −0.04 0 ±0 Authentic Phalanx (FA) 19,413 0.03 New 0 ±0 United Extremadura (EU) 18,040 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0 Convergence of Democrats of Navarre (CDN) 16,946 0.02 −0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 15,655 0.02 −0.01 0 ±0 Asturianist Party (PAS) 14,345 0.02 −0.01 0 ±0 Internationalist Struggle (LI (LIT–CI)) 13,312 0.02 +0.01 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 13,150 0.02 +0.01 0 ±0 Galician People's Front (FPG) 13,149 0.02 +0.01 0 ±0 Lanzarote Independents Party (PIL) 11,457 0.02 ±0.00 0 −1 Initiative for the Development of Soria (IDES) 10,884 0.02 New 0 ±0 Party of Self-employed and Professionals (AUTONOMO) 10,647 0.02 ±0.00 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 10,487 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Salamanca–Zamora–León–PREPAL (PREPAL) 10,434 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Unsubmissive Seats–Alternative of Discontented Democrats (Ei–ADD) 9,040 0.01 New 0 ±0 Party of Self-employed, Retirees and Widows (PAE) 8,673 0.01 +0.01 0 ±0 Andalusia Assembly (A) 8,355 0.01 −0.01 0 ±0 Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC) 8,047 0.01 New 0 ±0 Alliance for Development and Nature (ADN) 7,807 0.01 −0.01 0 ±0 Andecha Astur (AA) 7,665 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 7,603 0.01 −0.05 0 ±0 Party of The People (LG) 7,507 0.01 New 0 ±0 The Greens–Green Alternative (EV–AV) 7,382 0.01 −0.07 0 ±0 Independent Candidacy–The Party of Castile and León (CI–PCL) 7,362 0.01 −0.01 0 ±0 Union of the Salamancan People (UPSa) 6,495 0.01 New 0 ±0 Party of Precarious Workers (PTPRE) 6,171 0.01 New 0 ±0 European Nation State (N) 5,982 0.01 +0.01 0 ±0 Cantabrian Nationalist Council (CNC) 5,526 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 25 May Citizens' Alternative (AC25M) 5,360 0.01 New 0 ±0 Party of the Democratic Karma (PKD) 5,099 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Independent Social Democratic Party of the Valencian Community (PSICV) 5,078 0.01 New 0 ±0 Canarian Popular Alternative (APCa) 4,853 0.01 New 0 ±0 Asturian Left (IAS) 4,474 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Socialist Party of Menorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN) 4,242 0.01 New 0 ±0 Republican Party (PRF) 4,206 0.01 New 0 ±0 Galician Coalition (CG) 4,173 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0 Caló Nationalist Party (PNCA) 3,356 0.00 New 0 ±0 Kingdom of Valencia Identity (IRV) 3,342 0.00 New 0 ±0 Romantic Mutual Support Party (PMAR) 3,277 0.00 New 0 ±0 Clean Hands Project (PML) 3,179 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Left Assembly–Initiative for Andalusia (A–IZ) 3,052 0.00 New 0 ±0 United Zamora (ZU) 2,992 0.00 New 0 ±0 Party Association of Widows and Legal Wives (PAVIEL) 2,950 0.00 −0.01 0 ±0 Progressives for Ibiza and Formentera (EU–ENE–ERC) 2,876 0.00 New 0 ±0 Independent Social Group (ASI) 2,620 0.00 New 0 ±0 Castilian Unity (UdCa) 2,463 0.00 New 0 ±0 Alliance for National Unity (AUN) 2,338 0.00 New 0 ±0 Liberal Centrist Union (UCL) 2,155 0.00 New 0 ±0 New Force (FN) 2,096 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Socialist Party of the People of Ceuta (PSPC) 1,904 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Natural Culture (CN) 1,767 0.00 −0.01 0 ±0 The Republic (La República) 1,686 0.00 New 0 ±0 Alternative for Gran Canaria (AxGC) 1,672 0.00 New 0 ±0 Party of El Bierzo (PB) 1,640 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Immigrants with the Right to Equality and Obligations (INDIO) 1,587 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Christian Positivist Party (PPCr) 1,297 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of Guadalajara (PRGU) 1,142 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD) 1,074 0.00 New 0 ±0 Union of Centrists of Menorca (UCM) 802 0.00 New 0 ±0 European Green Group (GVE) 795 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Initiative for La Palma (INPA) 722 0.00 New 0 ±0 National Workers' Party (PNT) 508 0.00 New 0 ±0 National Union (UN) 505 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Citizens' Convergence of the South-East (CCSE) 366 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 New Spanish Republicans (NRUP) 220 0.00 New 0 ±0 Cives (Cives) 199 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Balearic People's Union (UPB) 98 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0 Digital Citizens from Castelnou (CDC) 79 0.00 New 0 ±0 Blank ballotsThe percentage of blank ballots is calculated over the official number of valid votes cast, irrespective of the total number of votes shown as a result of adding up the individual results for each party. 679,816 2.67 −0.15 Total 70,258,035 208 ±0 Valid votes 25,426,107 97.09 −0.42 Invalid votes 761,055 2.91 +0.42 Votes cast / turnout 26,187,162 75.75 +6.92 Abstentions 8,384,669 24.25 −6.92 Registered voters 34,571,831 SourcesLozano Carles https://www.historiaelectoral.com/e2004comp.html#s Elecciones al Senado 2004 es Historia Electoral.com 25 August 2025 left Footnotes: 1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party results are compared to the combined totals of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and Progressive Pact in the 2000 election. 2 Basque Nationalist Party and Basque Solidarity do not include results in Navarre. 3 Navarre Yes results are compared to the combined totals of Basque Solidarity and Basque Nationalist Party in Navarre in the 2000 election. 4 Progressives for the Balearic Islands results are compared to the combined totals of Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalist Agreement, United Left of the Balearic Islands, The Greens of the Balearic Islands and Republican Left of Catalonia in the 2000 election, only in the Balearic Islands. 5 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO results are compared to Independent Spanish Phalanx–Phalanx 2000 totals in the 2000 election. Popular vote #ddd 550px 500px PP People's Party (Spain) 37.92 PSOE Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 36.53 ECdP Catalan Agreement of Progress 8.66 IU United Left (Spain) 4.07 CiU Convergence and Union 3.80 EAJ/PNV Basque Nationalist Party 1.74 BNG Galician Nationalist Bloc 1.07 CC Canarian Coalition 0.58 Others #777777 4.67 Blank ballots #DDDDDD 2.67 Seats #ddd 550px 500px PP People's Party (Spain) 49.04 PSOE Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 38.94 ECdP Catalan Agreement of Progress 5.77 EAJ/PNV Basque Nationalist Party 2.88 CiU Convergence and Union 1.92 CC Canarian Coalition 1.44 Maps Aftermath Government formation First government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero Immediately following the election, Zapatero announced that he would form a PSOE minority government supported by ad-hoc parliamentary agreements, with both ERC and IU showing their willingness to support his investiture under this scheme,15 March 2004 https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2004/03/15/economia/1079490205_850215.html Zapatero formará gobierno en solitario apoyado en pactos puntuales es Cinco Días 13 August 2026Agencias 15 March 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/03/15/espana/1079311818_850215.html ERC e IU apoyarán a Zapatero en su investidura es Cadena SER 13 August 2026 but under a series of conditions: IU demanded the immediate withdrawal of Spanish troops from Iraq and the repealing of the Ebro water transfer, whereas ERC also required the reform of the Catalan Statute and "dialogue and respect for the plurality of cultures" within Spain.6 April 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/04/06/actualidad/1081239417_850215.html ERC apoyará la investidura de Zapatero si éste se compromete con las reformas en Cataluña es El País Madrid 13 August 2026 CiU rejected casting a negative vote, but conditioned a support vote on reaching agreements on issues such as the approval of the new Catalan Statute, a new system of regional financing, or more public investments in Catalonia;15 March 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/03/15/actualidad/1079342225_850215.html CiU condiciona su apoyo a Zapatero a "varias cuestiones clave" es El País Barcelona 13 August 2026 they would later confirm on 13 April their upcoming abstention in the investiture vote, owing to their "bad experience" in past confidence and supply arrangements, and disagreements with the PSOE over the 2000 Anti-Terrorist Pact with the PP (the latter being a similar reasoning justifying PNV's abstention).13 April 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/04/13/actualidad/1081844221_850215.html CiU confirma que se abstendrá en la investidura de Zapatero es El País 13 August 2026Agencias 12 April 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/04/12/espana/1081727411_850215.html El PNV sólo apoyará a Zapatero si rompe el pacto antiterrorista es Cadena SER 13 August 2026 During the round of consultations held by King Juan Carlos I on 5 and 6 April,5 April 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/04/05/actualidad/1081153022_850215.html El Rey inicia la ronda de consultas con los grupos parlamentarios es El País Madrid 13 August 2026 EA and NaBai announced their abstention to Zapatero's election while praising the latter's willingness to engage in dialogue, while CHA announced its support over the PSOE's commitment to repeal the Ebro water transfer.Agencias 5 April 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/04/05/espana/1081122611_850215.html La Chunta apoyará a Zapatero y el BNG aún no lo ha decidido es Cadena SER 13 August 2026 Both IU and ERC showed a "favourable attitude" towards Zapatero, which prompted the King to formally nominate him for investiture on 7 April.7 April 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/04/07/actualidad/1081325825_850215.html El Rey propone a Zapatero como candidato a la Presidencia del Gobierno es El País Madrid 13 August 2026 Subsequent negotiations ensured ERC's support in the first round of balloting on 16 April,Agencias 14 April 2004 https://cadenaser.com/ser/2004/04/14/espana/1081900211_850215.html Zapatero depende de los votos de ERC para ser presidente el viernes es Cadena SER 13 August 2026Clemente Enrique Bareño Gonzalo 15 April 2004 https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/galicia/2004/04/15/zapatero-asegura-investidura-apoyo-erc-izquierda-unida/0003_2593588.htm Zapatero se asegura la investidura con apoyo de ERC e Izquierda Unida es La Voz de Galicia Madrid 13 August 2026Elordi Cué Carlos Garriga Josep 16 April 2004 https://elpais.com/diario/2004/04/16/espana/1082066408_850215.html ERC da su voto a Zapatero, que apoyará el catalán en Europa es El País Madrid 13 August 2026 while CC and BNG announced theirs during the investiture debate.16 April 2004 https://elpais.com/elpais/2004/04/16/actualidad/1082103418_850215.html Zapatero consigue el apoyo de Coalición Canaria y del BNG en la segunda jornada del debate es El País Madrid 13 August 2026 InvestitureCongress of DeputiesNomination of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (PSOE) Ballot → 16 April 2004 Required majority → 176 out of 350 15 Yes • PSOE (164) • ERC (8) • IU–ICV (5) • CC (3) • BNG (2) • CHA (1) 183 350 green 125px No • PP (148) 148 350 red 125px Abstentions • CiU (10) • PNV (7) • EA (1) • NaBai (1) 19 350 gray 125px Absentees 0 350 black 125px SourcesLozano Carles https://www.historiaelectoral.com/congresovota.html Congreso de los Diputados: Votaciones más importantes es Historia Electoral.com 25 August 2025 Notes References Bibliography Legislation y Constitución Española Constitution 27 December 1978 version as of 28 August 1992 Official State Gazette BOE-A-1978-31229 es https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229&tn=1&p=19920828 27 December 2016 Constitution 1978 y Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General Organic Law 5/1985 19 June 1985 version as of 29 November 2003 Official State Gazette BOE-A-1985-11672 es https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1985-11672&tn=1&p=20031129 28 December 2016 LOREG 1985 y Real Decreto 100/2004, de 19 de enero, de disolución del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado y de convocatoria de elecciones Royal Decree 100/2004 19 January 2004 Official State Gazette BOE-A-2004-1063 es https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2004-1063 1 April 2026 Royal Decree 100/2004 2004 Other Carreras de Odriozola Albert Tafunell Sambola Xavier 2005 1989 Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf es 1 Bilbao Fundación BBVA 1072–1097 II 84-96515-00-1 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150924010950/http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf 24 September 2015 dmy-all Chari Raj November 2004 The 2004 Spanish Election: Terrorism as a Catalyst for Change? West European Politics 27 5 954–963 10.1080/0140238042000283247 154342689 Whitfield Teresa December 2015 Special Report 384. The Basque Conflict and ETA. The Difficulties of an Ending https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/195389/SR384-The-Basque-Conflict-and-ETA-The-Difficulties-of-An-Ending.pdf United States Institute of Peace 19 March 2025 Sangrador-Vegas Begoña 2020 The Nation in Its Labyrinth: An Introduction to Contemporary Spain since 1898 People's Party (1996-2004): Economic Boom, Immigration and 11-M https://pressbooks.pub/spainthenationinitslabyrinth/chapter/chapter-7-peoples-party-1996-2004-economic-boom-immigratuin-and-11-m/ es Pressbooks Madrid 18 March 2026 External links Category:2004 elections in Spain 2004 Category:March 2004 in Spain