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1982–1983 Tyre headquarters bombings
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Dual suicide attacks against Israeli troops in Lebanon
The Tyre headquarters bombings were two suicide bombings against the Israel Defense Forces' headquarters building in Tyre, Lebanon, in 1982 and 1983. The blasts killed 104 Israelis and 47–59 Lebanese, wounded 95 people, and were some of the worst losses ever for the IDF. The second attack occurred in November 1983 and was attributed to Hezbollah.
First bombing
thumb|The first Tyre bombing disaster, the explosion of the military government building in Tyre on November 11, 1982
After invading Lebanon in June, the Israeli military set up command posts to run the cities they occupied. On November 11, 1982, a Peugeot 504 car packed with explosives struck the seven-story building being used by the Israeli military to govern Tyre. The explosion leveled the building and killed 75 Israeli soldiers, border policemen, and Shin Bet agents. In addition, anywhere from 14–27 Lebanese and Palestinian prisoners that were being held by Israel were killed. Bergman Ronen The Secret War With Iran Simon & Schuster September 2008 978-1-4165-5839-2 registration https://archive.org/details/secretwarwithira00berg The injured included 27 Israelis and 28 Arabs.
The Israeli government said soon after the blast, and insisted until 2024, that the explosion was an accident resulting from gas cylinders exploding.http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Foreign%20Relations/Israels%20Foreign%20Relations%20since%201947/1982-1984/HIGHLIGHTS%20OF%20MAIN%20EVENTS-%201982-1984 Highlights of Main Events: 1982–1984 Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs 28 November 2000 Bergman, 64. This is contrary to the three witnesses who saw the Peugeot speed to the building, the identification of the car's parts in the rubble of the building, and the existence of a Shin Bet report detailing the Hezbollah preparations for the bombing.Bergman, 65.
In July 2024, a joint IDF-Shin Bet-police investigation concluded it was "highly probable" that the explosion was caused by a suicide bomber driving a car packed with at least 50 kg of explosives, including gas canisters, into the ground floor of the building and detonating.Israel Defense Forces July 3, 2024 Conclusions of the Supplementary Investigation Committee led by MG (Res.) Amir Abulafia, to Examine the Circumstances of the First Tyre Disaster https://idfanc.activetrail.biz/ANC03072024324322 live https://web.archive.org/web/20240703163712/https://idfanc.activetrail.biz/ANC03072024324322 July 3, 2024 July 3, 2024 The investigation indicated 76 Israeli soldiers, Shin Bet, and border policemen, as well as 15 Lebanese detainees, were killed in the attack.
There is a monument near Baalbek, Lebanon, dedicated to 17-year-old Ahmad Qasir, the suicide bomber responsible for the attack.Hirst, David (2010) Beware of Small States. Lebanon, Battleground of the Middle East. Faber and Faber. 978-0-571-23741-8. Page 196. Hezbollah celebrates the attack annually on November 11, as Hezbollah's Martyr Day.
Second bombing
Almost a year later, a nearly identical bombing happened in Tyre. On November 4, 1983, a suicide bomber drove a pickup truck filled with explosives into a Shin Bet building at an IDF base in Tyre. The explosion killed 28 Israelis and 32 Lebanese prisoners, and wounded about 40 others.http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952250,00.html https://web.archive.org/web/20080220093314/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952250,00.html dead February 20, 2008 Time Middle East: New Bloodshed, New Hope November 14, 1983 May 26, 2010 William E. Smith The attack was carried out by the Shia Lebanese organization Hezbollah.https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/military-review/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_20060831_art012.pdf Hezbollah´s - employment of Suicide Bombing During the 1980s Military Review Daniel Helmer
See also
1983 Beirut barracks bombing
1983 United States embassy bombing
References
Further reading
When in Rome, don't forget the bombs of 1983 – Times article on Ahmed Qassir
Category:1982 in international relations
Category:1983 in international relations
Category:1982 building bombings
Category:1983 building bombings
Category:Building bombings in Lebanon
Category:Hezbollah attacks
Category:Suicide bombings in 1982
Category:Israel Defense Forces disasters
Category:Military operations of the 1982 Lebanon War
Category:November 1982 in Asia
Category:November 1983 in Asia
Category:Suicide bombings in 1983
Category:Suicide car and truck bombings in Lebanon
Headquarters bombings
Category:1983 disasters in Israel
Category:1983 disasters in Lebanon
Category:1982 disasters in Israel
Category:1982 disasters in Lebanon
Category:Car and truck bombings in the 1980s
Category:Attacks on military installations in Lebanon
Category:Attacks on military installations in 1982
Category:Attacks on military installations in 1983
Category:Anti-Israeli sentiment in Lebanon
Category:Attacks on military headquarters
Category:Attacks on office buildings in Lebanon