"Tropheryma"

Genus of bacteria "Tropheryma" "Tropherymataceae" "Tropheryma" "T. whipplei" "Tropheryma whipplei" Nouioui et al. 2018 Nouioui, Imen Carro, Lorena García-López, Marina Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P. Woyke, Tanja Kyrpides, Nikos C. Pukall, Rüdiger Klenk, Hans-Peter Goodfellow, Michael Göker, Markus 2018 Genome-based taxonomic classification of the phylum Actinobacteria Frontiers in Microbiology 9 2007 1–119 30186281 6113628 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007 free La Scola et al. 2001La Scola B, Fenollar F, Fournier PE, Altwegg M, Mallet MN, Raoult D Description of Tropheryma whipplei gen. nov., sp. nov., the Whipple's disease bacillus International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 51 Pt 4 1471–9 July 2001 11491348 10.1099/00207713-51-4-1471 free La Scola et al. 2001 * Tropheryma whippelii Relman et al. 1992 Liang Z, La Scola B, Raoult D Monoclonal antibodies to immunodominant epitope of Tropheryma whipplei Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 9 1 156–9 January 2002 11777846 119894 10.1128/CDLI.9.1.156-159.2002 "Tropheryma whipplei" is a rod-shaped, environmental actinomycete that is the causative organism of Whipple's disease, and rarely, endocarditis.Versalovic James Manual of clinical microbiology 2011 ASM press 978-1-55581-463-2 10th Washington (D.C.)Dolmans Ruben A. V. Boel C. H. Edwin Lacle Miangela M. Kusters Johannes G. 2017-02-22 Clinical Manifestations, Treatment, and Diagnosis of Tropheryma whipplei Infections https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/cmr.00033-16 Clinical Microbiology Reviews 30 2 529–555 10.1128/cmr.00033-16 5355640 28298472 As of 2008, the species, genus, and family name are considered to be invalid due to irregularities in the deposition of type material and are thus styled in quotation marks.https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/tropheryma-whipplei LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature Species "Tropheryma whipplei" Microbiology While "T. whipplei" is categorized with the Gram-positive Actinomycetota, the organism is commonly found to be Gram-positive or Gram-indeterminate when stained in the laboratory. Whipple himself probably observed the organisms as rod-shaped structures with silver stain in his original case.Whipple GH. A hitherto undescribed disease characterized anatomically by deposits of fat and fatty acids in the intestinal and mesenteric lymphatic tissues Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin 1907 18 382–91 "T. whipplei" is most closely related to Dermatophilus congolensis, Arthrobacter globiformis, Cellulomonas hominis and Rothia dentocariosa, and is distantly related to Streptomyces spp. and Mycobacterium spp. The bacterium is currently classified in an intermediate position between cellulomonads and actinomycetes containing the group B peptidoglycan. Microscopic examination of periodic acid Schiff stained duodenal or jejunal biopsy specimens in Whipple's disease patients reveals infiltration of the lamina propria by large macrophages containing granular, foamy periodic acid Schiff positive inclusions that are resistant to diastase. Additionally, staining with silver stain and Gram stain can also produce positive results. However, involvement of the gastrointestinal tract or lymphatic tissue can be accompanied by noncaseating, epithelioid cells which would stain PAS negative.Schneider Thomas Moos Verena Loddenkemper Christoph Marth Thomas Fenollar Florence Raoult Didier 2008-03-01 Whipple's disease: new aspects of pathogenesis and treatment https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(08)70042-2/abstract The Lancet Infectious Diseases English 8 3 179–190 10.1016/S1473-3099(08)70042-2 1473-3099 18291339 subscription Infection with fungi, nontuberculous mycobacteria (especially in AIDS patients) and several other organisms can mimic Whipple's disease histologically, but some of these organisms may be ruled out using Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Culture of "T. whipplei" is possible but is very difficult and is of little diagnostic use due to its slow doubling time of 18 days.Raoult Didier Birg Marie L. Scola Bernard La Fournier Pierre E. Enea Maryse Lepidi Hubert Roux Veronique Piette Jean-Charles Vandenesch François Vital-Durand Denis Marrie Tom J. 2000-03-02 Cultivation of the Bacillus of Whipple's Disease http://www.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/NEJM200003023420903 New England Journal of Medicine en 342 9 620–625 10.1056/NEJM200003023420903 0028-4793 On average, it takes 30 days to detect "T. whipplei" in culture.Fenollar Florence Birg Marie-Laure Gauduchon Valérie Raoult Didier 2003 Culture of Tropheryma whipplei from Human Samples: a 3-Year Experience (1999 to 2002) https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JCM.41.8.3816-3822.2003 Journal of Clinical Microbiology en 41 8 3816–3822 10.1128/JCM.41.8.3816-3822.2003 0095-1137 179773 12904394 The bacterium was first successfully cultured in human fibroblast cell lines in 2000. A synthetic medium was developed in 2003 that contained amino acids and other components that "T. whipplei" is unable to synthesize and has been successfully used to culture and establish several strains of "T. whipplei".Renesto Patricia Crapoulet Nicolas Ogata Hiroyuki La Scola Bernard Vestris Guy Claverie Jean-Michel Raoult Didier 2003 Genome-based design of a cell-free culture medium for Tropheryma whipplei https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673603140718 The Lancet en 362 9382 447–449 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14071-8 subscription History of the name No name was given to the organism until 1991, when the name "Tropheryma whippelii" was proposed after sections of the bacterial genome were sequenced.10.1056/NEJM199207303270501 Relman D, Schmidt T, MacDermott R, Falkow S Identification of the uncultured bacillus of Whipple's disease New England Journal of Medicine 327 5 293–301 1992 1377787 free From Greek τροφή trophê, "nourishment, food" and ἔρυμα eruma, "fence, a defence against, barrier". The name was changed to "Tropheryma whipplei" in 2001 (correcting the spelling of Whipple's name) when the organism was deposited in bacterial collections. The genus name Tropheryma arises from the Greek words for trophe ("nourishment") and eryma ("barrier"), referring to the bacterium's ability to cause malabsorption.Genus: Tropheryma https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/tropheryma-1 2026-07-26 lpsn.dsmz.de en Pathogenesis Whipple's disease Genome structure Several strains of "T. whipplei" have been sequenced.Genome Res 13 1800–9 2003 Raoult D Tropheryma whipplei Twist: a human pathogenic Actinobacteria with a reduced genome http://www.genome.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12902375 8 August 2016 12902375 8 403771 vanc 1 Ogata H Audic S Robert C Suhre K Drancourt M Claverie JM 10.1101/gr.1474603 18 July 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230718180854/https://genome.cshlp.org/content/13/8/1800.long dead Bentley SD. Maiwald M. Murphy LD. Pallen MJ. Yeats CA. Dover LG. Norbertczak HT. Besra GS. Quail MA. Harris David E von Herbay Axel Goble Arlette Rutter Simon Squares Robert Squares Stephen Barrell Bart G Parkhill Julian Relman David A Sequencing and analysis of the genome of the Whipple's disease bacterium Tropheryma whipplei Lancet 361 9358 637–44 Feb 2003 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12597-4 12606174 8743326 8 "T. whipplei" is deficient in the genes for energy metabolism and amino acid synthesis, hence its host-dependent life cycle. A large chromosomal inversion and the presence of a common, highly conserved repeat is revealed in the genome of "T. whipplei", resulting in the expression of different subsets of cell surface proteins, representing a potential mechanism for evasion of the host immune responses.Bentley Stephen D. Maiwald Matthias Murphy Lee D. Pallen Mark J. Yeats Corin A. Dover Lynn G. Norbertczak Halina T. Besra Gurdyal S. Quail Michael A. Harris David E. Herbay Axel von Goble Arlette Rutter Simon Squares Robert Squares Stephen 2003-02-22 Sequencing and analysis of the genome of the Whipple's disease bacterium Tropheryma whipplei https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)12597-4/abstract The Lancet English 361 9358 637–644 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12597-4 0140-6736 12606174 subscription Raoult Didier Ogata Hiroyuki Audic Stéphane Robert Catherine Suhre Karsten Drancourt Michel Claverie Jean-Michel 2003 Tropheryma whipplei Twist: A Human Pathogenic Actinobacteria With a Reduced Genome http://genome.cshlp.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/gr.1474603 Genome Research en 13 8 1800–1809 10.1101/gr.1474603 1088-9051 403771 12902375 Genomes of intracellular or parasitic bacteria undergo massive reduction compared to their free-living relatives. With a genome size of less than 1 Mb, "T. whipplei" is currently the only known reduced-genome species in the Actinomycetota. Other examples of reduced genome bacteria include Mycoplasma for Bacillota (the low G+C content Gram-positive), Rickettsia for Alphaproteobacteria, and Wigglesworthia and Buchnera for Gammaproteobacteria. References 30em Q15261270 Q2703876 Q99299742 Category:Micrococcales Category:Bacteria described in 2001 Category:Articles with quotation marks in the title