1808 in science

none 1808 science 1808 The year 1808 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy December 9 (20:34 UTC) – Mercury occults Saturn (not known at this time). Chemistry Barium, calcium, magnesium, and strontium isolated by Humphry Davy. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac formulates the law of combining volumes for gases.December 6 Births Today in Science History Today in Science History 2007 http://www.todayinsci.com/12/12_06.htm 2007-03-12 John Dalton begins publication of A New System of Chemical Philosophy, explaining his atomic theory of chemistry and including a list of atomic weights.John Dalton Science History Institute June 2016 https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/john-dalton 20 March 2018Bowden Mary Ellen Chemical achievers : the human face of the chemical sciences https://archive.org/details/chemicalachiever0000bowd/page/48 registration 1997 Chemical Heritage Foundation Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 9780941901123 John Dalton 48-51,53 Jöns Jakob Berzelius publishes Lärbok i Kemien in which he proposes modern chemical symbols and notation, and of the concept of relative atomic weight.Jöns Jakob Berzelius https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/j%C3%B6ns-jakob-berzelius Science History Institute 20 March 2018Bowden Mary Ellen Chemical achievers : the human face of the chemical sciences https://archive.org/details/chemicalachiever0000bowd registration 1997 Chemical Heritage Foundation Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 9780941901123 Jöns Jakob Berzelius 26-28 Mathematics French mathematician Christian Kramp introduces the notation n! in factorials.Elements d'arithmétique universelle. Number Story: From Counting to Cryptography Higgins Peter 2008 Copernicus New York 978-1-84800-000-1 12 German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss publishes Theorematis arithmetici demonstratio nova, introducing Gauss's lemma in the third proof of quadratic reciprocity. Irish American mathematician Robert Adrain produces a formulation of the method of least squares.Published in his own journal, The Analyst, or, Mathematical Museum 1(4), probably issued in 1809. Stephen M. Stigler Adrain, Robert (1775–1843) 2004 http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/172 2012-01-23 10.1093/ref:odnb/172 Medicine The term psychiatry is coined (as psychiatrie) by German physician Johann Christian Reil.In his journal Beytrage zur Beforderung einer Curmethode auf psychischem Wege p. 169.10.1192/bjp.bp.108.051367 Psychiatry's 200th birthday 2008 Marneros Andreas British Journal of Psychiatry 193 1 1–3 18700209 28365371 freehttps://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/article-abstract/61/5/1091/2558437/The-Seminal-Contributions-of-Johann-Christian-Reil?redirectedFrom=fulltext 10.1227/01.neu.0000303205.15489.23 The Seminal Contributions of Johann-Christian Reil to Anatomy, Physiology, and Psychiatry 2007 Binder Devin K. Schaller Karl Clusmann Hans Neurosurgery 61 5 1091–1096 18091285 8152708 subscription The early medical journal Bibliotek for Læger begins publication in Denmark. Natural history January 12 – Organizational meeting leading to creation of the Wernerian Natural History Society is held in Edinburgh.http://www.scholarly-societies.org/history/1808wnhs.html Wernerian Natural History Society Scholarly Societies Project 2012-01-09 https://web.archive.org/web/20120204044020/http://www.scholarly-societies.org/history/1808wnhs.html 2012-02-04 deadSweet Jessie M. The Wernerian Natural History Society in Edinburgh Freiberger Forschungshefte, Reihe C 1967 223 205–218 Alexander von Humboldt publishes his Ansichten der Natur. Technology February 11 – Anthracite coal is first burned as fuel by Jesse Fell in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania; the discovery leads to the use of coal as a key fuel source of the Industrial Revolution in the United States. August 24 – William Congreve patents the Congreve clock with a rolling ball regulator.http://www.marcdatabase.com/~lemur/rbc-congreve.html Oscillating Path ("Congreve") Rolling Ball Clocks The Rolling Ball Web David M. MacMillan 2000-10-15 2017-04-15 etal 2017-04-25 https://web.archive.org/web/20170425070502/http://www.marcdatabase.com/~lemur/rbc-congreve.html dead Bryan Donkin patents a steel nib pen in England. John Heathcoat is granted his first patent for a bobbinet lace machine in England. Awards Copley Medal: William HenryCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopædia Britannica 21 July 2020 Joseph-Louis Lagrange is appointed by Napoleon as a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour and a Comte of the French Empire. Births February 29 – Hugh Falconer, Scottish-born geologist, botanist, paleontologist and paleoanthropologist (died 1865). April 13 – Antonio Meucci, Italian-born inventor (died 1899). May 9 – John Scott Russell, Scottish-born naval architect and shipbuilder (died 1882). July 8 – George Robert Gray, English zoologist (died 1872). July 25 – Johann Benedict Listing, German mathematician (died 1882). August 4 – Johann Ritter von Oppolzer, Austrian physician (died 1871). October 29 – Caterina Scarpellini, Italian astronomer (died 1873). November 6 – Friedrich Julius Richelot, German mathematician (died 1875). Anne Elizabeth Ball, Irish|Irish phycologist (died 1872). Deaths March 3 – Johan Christian Fabricius, Danish entomologist (born 1745). May 18 – Rev. Elijah Craig, American inventor of bourbon whiskey (birth date uncertain). October 8 – John Sheldon, English anatomist (born 1752). October 21 – Maria Christina Bruhn, Swedish inventor (born 1732). December 24 – Thomas Beddoes, reforming English physician (born 1760). References Category:19th century in science Category:1800s in science