1900 in the United Kingdom

none June 2020 January 2013 1900 Constituent countries of the United Kingdom England Ireland Scotland Wales Sport 1900 English cricket season Football: England Scotland Events from the year 1900 in the United Kingdom. Incumbents Monarch – Victoria Prime Minister – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (Coalition) Events January 3 January – Royal Yacht Victoria and Albert capsizes while being floated out of dry dock at Pembroke Dock on completion of her construction.http://www.pembrokedock.org/h_dockyard_2.htm Pembroke Dock Community Website 2 May 2007 https://web.archive.org/web/20120207042402/http://www.pembrokedock.org/h_dockyard_2.htm 7 February 2012 dead 9 January – influenza outbreak in London. 24 January – Second Boer War: Boers repel British troops under General Sir Redvers Buller at the Battle of Spion Kop.Palmer Alan Palmer Veronica 1992 The Chronology of British History Century Ltd. London 329–330 0-7126-5616-2 31 January – the Gramophone Company copyrights the His Master's Voice illustration.Maurice Baren How Household Names Began London Michael O'Mara Books 1997 1-85479-257-1 71–2 https://archive.org/details/howhouseholdname0000bare/page/71 February 5 February – the UK and the United States sign a treaty for the building of a Central American shipping canal through Nicaragua. 6 February – a House of Commons vote of censure over the government's handling of the Second Boer War is defeated by a majority of 213. 8 February – Second Boer War: British troops are defeated by Boers at Ladysmith, South Africa. 12 February – meeting held at Mile End in London to protest against the Boer War ends in an uproar. 14 February – Second Boer War: 20,000 British troops invade the Orange Free State in South Africa. thumb|250px|Plaque recording the location of the formation of the Labour Party 27 February Second Boer War: British military leaders in South Africa receive an unconditional notice of surrender from Boer General Piet Cronjé. Creation of the Labour Party; Ramsay MacDonald is appointed its first secretary.Penguin Pocket On This Day Penguin Reference Library 0-14-102715-0 2006 28 February – Second Boer War: the 118-day Siege of Ladysmith is lifted. March 3 March – official inauguration of the Boundary Estate, Shoreditch, London; Britain's first council estate to be commenced (10 years previously).http://www.baseps.co.uk/featured-london-developments/boundary-estate-arnold-circus-shoreditch-london-e2 Boundary Estate, Arnold Circus, Shoreditch, London, E2 Base London 2013-02-05 2016-07-01 https://web.archive.org/web/20121030010551/http://www.baseps.co.uk/featured-london-developments/boundary-estate-arnold-circus-shoreditch-london-e2 30 October 2012 dead March–September – War of the Golden Stool fought against the Ashanti Empire. April 1 April – Irish Guards formed by Queen Victoria. 4 April An anarchist shoots at the Prince of Wales during his visit to Belgium for the birthday celebrations of the King of Belgium. Queen Victoria arrives in Dublin on her fourth and last visit to Ireland. 23 April–12 May – the Automobile Club of Great Britain stages a Thousand Mile Trial, a reliability motor rally over a circular route between London and Edinburgh.1900 One Thousand Mile Trial Grace's Guide http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/1900_One_Thousand_Mile_Trial 2013-02-15 2013-07-29 24 April – the Daily Express newspaper is published for the first time. May 14 May–28 October – Great Britain and Ireland compete at the Olympics in Paris and win 15 gold, 6 silver and 9 bronze medals. 17 May – Second Boer War: Siege of Mafeking ends. 18 May – the UK proclaims a protectorate over Tonga. June 5 June – Second Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria, South Africa. July 19–21 July – Bernard Bosanquet first bowls a googly in first-class cricket, playing for Middlesex against Leicestershire at Lord's.https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/5/5507.html Middlesex v Leicestershire CricketArchive 2012-10-13 27 July – Louise, Princess Royal, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria, marries Alexander Duff, Earl of Fife, in the private chapel of Buckingham Palace, London; 2 days later he is created Duke of Fife, the last Dukedom created in Britain for a person who is not a son, grandson or consort of the Sovereign. 30 July The Duke of Albany becomes Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as Carl Eduard following the death of his uncle, Duke Alfred, a son of Queen Victoria who is the third of the reigning monarch's children to die. Mines (Prohibition of Child Labour Underground) Act prohibits children under the age of thirteen from working in mines.Bedwell C. E. A. The Legislation of the Empire 1 1909 Butterworth & Co. London 63 https://books.google.com/books?id=MT59ZrQdDEYC&q=%22Mines+%28Prohibition+of+Child+Labour+Underground%29+Act%22+1900&pg=PT98 The Earl of Roseberry MacDonell, Sir John 24 January 2012 August 8 August – Great Britain loses to the United States in the first Davis Cup tennis competition. 14 August – an international contingent of troops under British command invades Peking and frees Europeans taken hostage during the Boxer Rebellion. 27 August – British defeat Boer commandos at Bergendal. September 3 September – West Bromwich Albion F.C. move into The Hawthorns, a new stadium on the border of West Bromwich and Handsworth.Grounds for debate http://www.wba.co.uk/page/Hawthorns West Bromwich Albion 12 January 2012 2012-06-21 https://web.archive.org/web/20120503101408/http://www.wba.co.uk/page/Hawthorns 3 May 2012 dead 12 September – The Prince of Wales's horse Diamond Jubilee completes the English Triple Crown by finishing first in the 2,000 Guineas, Epsom Derby and St Leger, ridden by Herbert Jones. October 3 October – Edward Elgar's choral work The Dream of Gerontius receives its first performance, in Birmingham Town Hall. 25 October – Second Boer War: United Kingdom annexes Transvaal. November 22–14 November 1903 – strike of Welsh slate workers at Penrhyn Quarry.Jean Lindsay The Great Strike: a History of the Penrhyn Quarry Dispute of 1900–1903 Newton Abbot David & Charles 1987 0-7153-8635-2 December 3 December – the Conservative Party under Lord Salisbury wins the 'Khaki' general election. Winston Churchill becomes a Member of Parliament for the first time, elected for Oldham; and two Labour candidates are successful: Keir Hardie in Merthyr Tydfil and Richard Bell in Derby.Thorpe Andrew 2001 A History of the British Labour Party Palgrave 0-333-92908-X 15 December – the three lighthouse keepers on Flannan Isle disappear without a trace 28 December – the Liverpool barque Primrose Hill is wrecked on South Stack off Holyhead with the loss of 33 lives.The Shipwreck of the Primrose Hill in 1900 off South Stack, Alex made a home Holyhead http://www.anglesey.info/primrosehill.htm Anglesey Môn Information Website 2011-02-22 20 October 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20101020023449/http://anglesey.info/primrosehill.htm dead 31 December – a storm causes a stone and a lintel to fall at Stonehenge; they are restored in 1958. Undated Beer Scare: beer drinkers in North West England suffer poisoning from arsenic in brewing sugars: 6,000 people affected and 70 killed.Blocker Jack S. Fahey David M. Tyrrel Ian R. Alcohol and Temperance in Modern History: a Global Encyclopedia 56 Associated Portland Cement Manufacturers formed by the amalgamation of 24 cement companies.A. J. Francis The Cement Industry 1796–1914: a history Newton Abbot David & Charles 1977 0-7153-7386-2 William Harbutt of Bathampton begins commercial production of Plasticine modelling clay. Publications Ernest Bramah's oriental fantasy stories The Wallet of Kai Lung. Joseph Conrad's novel Lord Jim. Maurice Hewlett's historical novel The Life and Death of Richard Yea-and-Nay.Q.D. Leavis Q. D. Leavis Fiction and the Reading Public rev. London Chatto & Windus 1965 Gertrude Jekyll's book Home and Garden: notes and thoughts, practical and critical, of a worker in both. Arthur Quiller-Couch's anthology The Oxford Book of English Verse 1250–1900. H. G. Wells' novel Love and Mr Lewisham. Births 135px|thumb|Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma 135px|thumb|Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother 1 January Roger Maxwell, film actor (died 1971) Lillian Rich, silent film actress (died 1954) 2 January – Una Ledingham, physician, specialist in diabetes mellitus and pregnancy (died 1965)The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science Marilyn Ogilvie Joy Harvey Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie Joy Harvey 2000 Routledge 978-0415920407 2 registration https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict02ogil 4 January – William Young, World War I veteran (died 2007) 9 January – Eve Garnett, writer and illustrator (died 1991) 20 January – Dorothy Annan, painter, potter and muralist (died 1983) 23 January – William Ifor Jones, composer (died 1988) 6 February – Guy Warrack, Scottish-born conductor (died 1986) 12 February Robert Boothby, politician (died 1986) Fred Emney, comic performer (died 1980) 20 February – Bernard Knowles, cinematographer and screenwriter (died 1975) 3 March Edna Best, stage, film and early television actress (died 1974 in Switzerland)http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/edna-best/ Edna Best - Hollywood Star Walk Los Angeles Times en 2017-10-23 Basil Bunting, modernist poet (died 1985) 15 March – Frances Partridge, writer (died 2004) 29 March – Margaret Sinclair, Scottish-born nun (died 1925) 31 March – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (died 1974) 3 April – Albert Ingham, mathematician (died 1967) 9 April – Mary Potter, painter (died 1981) 19 April – Richard Hughes, novelist (died 1976) 22 April – Nellie Beer, Conservative politician, Lord Mayor of Manchester (died 1988)http://abitofhistory.net/html/rhw/b_body.htm Women of History - B abitofhistory.net 2017-10-19 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304141705/http://www.abitofhistory.net/html/rhw/b_body.htm dead 24 April – Elizabeth Goudge, novelist (died 1984)https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/27/obituaries/elizabeth-goudge.html Elizabeth Goudge 1984-04-27 The New York Times 2017-10-20 25 April – Gladwyn Jebb, acting Secretary-General of the UN (died 1996) 30 April – Cecily Lefort, World War II heroine, spy for SOE (executed 1945 in Germany) 2 May – A. W. Lawrence, Classical archaeologist (died 1991) 5 May – Harold Tamblyn-Watts, comic strip artist (died 1999) 10 May – Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, astronomer and astrophysicist (died 1979 in the United States)The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers 2007 Springer 9780387304007 New York 27 May – Ethel Lang, supercentenarian (died 2015) 29 May – David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir, Scottish-born politician, lawyer and judge, Lord Chancellor (died 1967) 30 May – Gerald Gardiner, Lord Chancellor (died 1990) 6 June Arthur Askey, comedian (died 1982) Lester Matthews, actor (died 1975) 17 June – Evelyn Irons, Scottish-born journalist, war correspondent (died 2000)https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/30/nyregion/evelyn-irons-war-reporter-is-dead-at-99.html Evelyn Irons, War Reporter, Is Dead at 99 Lewis Paul 2000-04-30 The New York Times 2017-10-18 25 June Philip D'Arcy Hart, medical researcher, pioneer in tuberculosis treatment (died 2006) Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Admiral of the Fleet and last Viceroy of India (assassinated 1979 in Ireland) 26 June – John Benham, 400m runner (died 1990) 30 June – James Stagg, Scottish-born meteorologist (died 1975) 2 July Tyrone Guthrie, theatre director (died 1971 in Ireland) Sophie Harris, theatre and opera costume and scenic designer (died 1966) 10 July – Evelyn Laye, actress (died 1996) 4 August – Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, queen consort of George VI and later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (died 2002) 17 August – Vivienne de Watteville, adventurer (died 1957)http://www.lukashartmann.ch/pdf/1.7.a.Erw.Tochter%20Materialien.pdf Materialien zum Lukas Hartmanns Roman "Die Tochter des Jägers" Lukas Hartmann 19 August – Gilbert Ryle, philosopher (died 1976) 23 August – Bella Reay, footballer (died 1979) 27 August – Frank Moody, Welsh boxer (died 1963) 25 August – Isobel Hogg Kerr Beattie, Scottish architect (died 1970)http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=100348 Dictionary of Scottish Architects - DSA Architect Biography Report 2017-10-18 Goold David www.scottisharchitects.org.uk 2017-10-18 4 September – Maxwell Knight, spymaster and naturalist (died 1968) 8 September – Tilly Devine, organised crime boss (died 1970 in Australia)https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/devine-matilda-mary-tilly-5970 https://web.archive.org/web/20150623031546/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/devine-matilda-mary-tilly-5970 live 2015-06-23 Biography - Matilda Mary (Tilly) Devine Australian Dictionary of Biography 2015-06-23 2017-10-22 9 September – James Hilton, novelist and screenwriter (died 1954 in the United States) 11 September – Jimmy Brain, footballer (died 1971) 12 September – Eric Thiman, composer (died 1975)http://www.musicweb-international.com/amateurs/Thiman.html English Composers for Amateurs: No 2 - Eric Thiman by Philip L Scowcroft Musicweb-international.com 24 July 2020 1 October – Tom Goddard, cricketer (died 1966) 2 October – Isabella Forshall, paediatric surgeon (died 1989) 6 October – Stan Nichols, cricketer (died 1961) 8 October – Geoffrey Jellicoe, landscape architect (died 1996) 9 October – Alastair Sim, character actor (died 1976) 14 October – Roland Penrose, Surrealist painter and art collector (died 1984) 16 October – Edward Ardizzone, painter, printmaker and author (born in Vietnam; died 1979) 5 November – Ethelwynn Trewavas, ichthyologist (died 1993)https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-ethelwynn-trewavas-1462529.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-ethelwynn-trewavas-1462529.html 1 May 2022 subscription live Obituary: Ethelwynn Trewavas 1993-08-21 The Independent London 2017-10-22 18 November – Mercedes Gleitze, distance swimmer (died 1981) 20 November – Helen Bradley, painter (died 1979)http://odnb2.pubfactory.com/view/article/64232?docPos=&backToResults=/search/results/contributors.jsp?contributorId=38684 Helen Bradley Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (archived by the Wayback Machine) 2015-12-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20151227122448/http://odnb2.pubfactory.com/view/article/64232?docPos=&backToResults=%2Fsearch%2Fresults%2Fcontributors.jsp%3FcontributorId%3D38684 27 December 2015 dead 2017-10-22 22 November – Tom Macdonald, Welsh journalist and novelist (died 1980) 30 November – Geoffrey Household, novelist (died 1988) 4 December – John Axon, railwayman hero (killed in accident 1957) 16 December – V. S. Pritchett, short story writer (died 1997) 17 December – Mary Cartwright, mathematician (died 1998)http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Obits/Cartwright.html Mary Cartwright Times obituary www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk 2017-10-20 22 December – Alan Bush, pianist, composer and conductor (died 1995) 26 December – Evelyn Bark, humanitarian, leading member of the Red Cross, first female recipient of the CMG (died 1993)https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-evelyn-bark-1493450.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-evelyn-bark-1493450.html 1 May 2022 subscription live Obituary: Evelyn Bark 1993-06-24 The Independent 2017-10-20 London Robina Addis, psychiatric social worker (died 1986)http://wellcomelibrary.org/collections/digital-collections/mental-healthcare/robina-addis/ Robina Addis Wellcome Library London 2017-10-21 Saira Elizabeth Luiza Shah, born Elizabeth Louise MacKenzie, Scottish writer as Morag Murray Abdullah (died 1960) Deaths 135px|thumb|John Ruskin 135px|thumb|Oscar Wilde 20 January R. D. Blackmore, novelist (born 1825)Max Keith Sutton R. D. Blackmore https://books.google.com/books?id=SldaAAAAMAAJ 1979 Twayne Publishers 978-0-8057-6756-8 12 John Ruskin, writer and social critic (born 1819) 21 January – Francis, Duke of Teck, a cousin-in-law of Queen Victoria (born 1837) 22 January – David Edward Hughes, musician and professor of music (born 1831) 31 January – John Sholto Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry, nobleman and boxer (born 1844) 6 February – Sir William Wilson Hunter, colonial administrator, statistician and historian (born 1840 in Scotland) 23 February William Butterfield, architect (born 1814) Ernest Dowson, poet (born 1867) 6 March – Ada Williams, baby farmer and murderer, hanged (born c.1875) 10 March – George James Symons, meteorologist (born 1838) 16 March – Sir Frederic William Burton, painter and curator (born 1816 in Ireland) 24 April – George Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, politician (born 1823) 4 May – Augustus Pitt Rivers, ethnologist and archaeologist (born 1827) 12 May – Frederika Perceval, last surviving child of assassinated Prime Minister Spencer Perceval (born 1805)Williams Guy R. London in the Country Hamish Hamilton 1975 241-89193-0 179 28 May – Sir George Grove, writer on music and the Bible and civil engineer (born 1820) 3 June – Mary Kingsley, explorer, in Cape Colony (born 1862) 14 June – Catherine Gladstone, widow of Prime Minister W. E. Gladstone and philanthropist (born 1812)Anne Isba Gladstone and Women https://books.google.com/books?id=gaxDs8_oz_QC&pg=PA211 24 August 2006 A&C Black 978-1-85285-471-3 211 30 July – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Duke of Edinburgh), second eldest son of Queen Victoria, in Germany (born 1844)Panton James Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy 24 February 2011 Scarecrow Press 978-0-8108-7497-8 40 https://books.google.com/books?id=BiyyueBTpaMC&pg=PA40 en 28 August – Henry Sidgwick, philosopher (born 1838) 31 August – Sir John Bennet Lawes, agricultural scientist (born 1814) 19 September – Anne Beale, novelist (born 1816) 9 October – John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute, landed aristocrat, industrial magnate, antiquarian, scholar, philanthropist and architectural patron (born 1847)John Davies Cardiff and the Marquesses of Bute https://books.google.com/books?id=mPYgAAAAMAAJ 1981 University of Wales Press 978-0-7083-0761-8 77 16 October – Sir Henry Acland, physician (born 1815) 22 November – Sir Arthur Sullivan, composer (born 1842) 29 December – John Henry Leech, entomologist (born 1862) 30 November – Oscar Wilde, playwright, writer and poet, in France (born 1854 in Ireland) See also List of British films before 1920 References 1900 Category:Years of the 19th century in the United Kingdom Category:1900 by country Category:1900s in the United Kingdom Category:1900 in Europe