2010 Zambian census

none 2010 Census of Zambia Zambia People and population Families and living arrangements Nationality Education Economic Characteristics October 16, 2010 - November 30, 2010 Central Statistical Office 2000 Census of Zambia 2000 2022 Census of Zambia 2022 The 2010 Zambian census was conducted in Zambia in 2010 under the approval of the Government of Zambia, which recorded demographic data from 13 million people and 3.2 million households. The 2010 Census of Population and Housing was conducted between 16 October and 15 November 2010, with all parts of the country covered by 30 November 2010. It was the fifth national population census exercise of Zambia since its independence in 1964, with the previous censuses conducted in 1969, 1980, 1990 and 2000. A total of 3.2 million questionnaires were used for data collection and the processing started in April 2011 by the Central Statistical Office. Optical Mark Reading (OMR) and Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) technology were used for data capture. The census was funded by United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the United Kingdom AID (UKAID-formerly DFID), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the African Development Bank (AfDB), who contributed close to 60 per cent of the total expenditure and rest contributed by the Ministry of Finance of the Government of Zambia. As per the census, Zambia had a total population of 13,092,666 including 6,454,647 males (49.2%) and 6,638,019 females (50.8%) with a sex-ratio of 102.84. The total literacy of the population above the age of five stood at 70.2 per cent. Urban population constituted 39.51 per cent and the remaining 61.49 per cent resided in rural areas. The density of population was 17.4 persons per km2 and the decadal growth of population was 2.8 per cent. There were 22 major languages spoken in Zambia of which 33.5 per cent of the population spoke Bemba, making it the largest spoken language. Out of the seven broad ethnic groups, Bemba was the most prevalent tribal group (21.0%), followed by Tonga (13.6%).Census 2012, p. 63 The national average of active people stood at 55.5 per cent with 50.2 in rural areas and 65.3 per cent in urban areas. Unemployment rate was 13 per cent as of 2010. Agriculture was the major occupation with 66.5 per cent involved in it.Census 2012, p. 45 The proportion of people living under poverty line was 60.5 per cent, while the extremely poor formed 42.3 per cent of the total population. A Post Enumeration Survey (PES) was carried out to find the common issues to be considered into account for future census enumeration activities. The results of the PES indicated that 92.7 per cent of total Zambian residents were captured in the 2010 census, leaving an undercount of 7.3 per cent. The undercount was more in rural areas with an estimated 9.5 per cent of the total population and 3.8 per cent in the urban areas. Background 250px|left|thumb|Historical map indicating urbanization in Zambia|alt=an old demographic map of Zambia with shades indicating regions that were most urbanized The first complete census of Africans in Zambia was carried out in Zambia during May 1963, when the country was a British colony, while the enumeration of non-African people was performed during 1961.Census analytical report of 1980 Central Statistical Office of Zambia 1980 http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/1980/1980%20Analytical%20Report%20Volume%20iii.pdf 9 17 December 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20141113143916/http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/1980/1980%20Analytical%20Report%20Volume%20iii.pdf 2014-11-13 dead Before the 2010 census enumeration, there were four census enumeration exercises carried out in independent Zambia during 1969, 1980, 1990 and 2000. Around 60 per cent of the 2010 census was funded by UNFPA, UKAID (formerly DFID), USAID and AfDB, while the rest was contributed by the Zambian Ministry of Finance. UKAID allocated UK£3 million to the 2010 Zambian census during 2010-13 for financial and technical support.DFID's programme in Zambia - International Development Committee UK Parliament https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmintdev/119/11906.htm 6 September 2012 31 October 2016 The second Group Decision Support System (GDDS2)a [a] expert mission (a wing of the World Bank) meeting on census enumeration took place during 23 – 27 February 2009, and it published a report with recommendations for the census enumeration. The report suggested using satellite imagery software, having frequent meetings with census steering committees, utilizing time-tested Optical Mark Reading (OMR) process for transferring data from census forms to computer-readable files or newer methods like Optical Character Recognition (OCR), assuring the quality of printing of the census questionnaires, taking Post-enumeration Survey (PES) on time, providing staff training for more in-depth census analysis, changing the population growth rate reporting structure, including measures from the 2007 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), publishing the census in a medium conducive for general audience, obtaining technical assistance for post-census population projections at the national, provincial and district level, re-projecting HIV prevalence, mortality, and AIDS orphanhood, and establishing a long-term Memorandum of understanding with a technical assistance organization like the US Census Bureau.Mission Report GDDS2 Module on Population, 2010 Census Zambia http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SCBEXTERNAL/Resources/Report_POP_Zambia_Haub_T2.PDF 12–13 27 February 2009 31 October 2016 Administration The census enumeration was carried out from 16 October to 15 November 2010 by 25,000 school leavers and 8,400 census supervisors deputed by the Census Statistical Office of Zambia. Civil servants from various government departments trained the enumerators. There were two forms: Form A, which had basic details like full name, sex, membership status, expected to be answered by senior members of each household; Form B which had details about individual members of the family. When the respondent was a minor, proxy members having knowledge about the family were questioned. The details in form B were not sufficiently captured in the forms answered by the proxy members, most of whom did not have full information about all the family members. All buildings that were complete, incomplete, abandoned, habitable or inhabitable were accounted by the enumerators. Compared to the form used during 2000 census enumeration, there were additional details on death of household members, maternal deaths, albinism, orphanhood and fosterhood in the forms used in 2010.Census 2012, p. 2 The enumeration was completed by 15 November 2010 for majority of the regions, while all the remaining regions of the country were completed by 30 November 2010. A total of 3.2 million questionnaires were used for data collection and the Central Statistical Office started processing the forms from April 2011. OMR and ICR technologies were used for data processing.Census 2012, p. xiii Release 300px|thumb|Graph indicating population growth in Zambia from 1960 to 2010|alt=X-Y axis curve with population in X-axis and year in Y-axis The census report of 2010 Zambian census was released during the first week of March 2013 by Fredson Yamba, Secretary to the Treasury of the Government of Zambia. He quoted that “Population is our most valuable resource and we can only take stock of it through an activity like the census. We now have the data, therefore, the challenge remains with all of us to ensure it is put into good use by making informed decisions for our people,”.2010 Census report for Zambia launched https://www.lusakatimes.com/2013/03/08/2010-census-report-for-zambia-launched/ Lusaka Times 8 March 2013 31 October 2016 United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) helped the Government of Zambia, especially the Child Welfare Ministry to update the data from the Living Condition Monitoring Survey (LCMS) and data on all key performance indicators of the National Development Plan (ZNDP) during 2013. UNICEF Annual report 2013 - Zamiba 22 http://www.unicef.org/about/annualreport/files/Zambia_COAR_2013.pdf UNICEF The Government of Zambia also initiated the Central Statistics Office to review the census of 2010 to determine the eligible voters for the proposed referendum in 2016.CSO undertaking referendum census https://www.daily-mail.co.zm/?p=60539 Daily Mail 26 February 2016 31 October 2016 Reports Zambia had a total population of 13,092,666 including 6,454,647 males and 6,638,019 females. Among the provinces, Lusaka had the largest population followed by Copperbelt, Eastern, Southern and Central. The interdecadal growth was 2.8 per cent compared to 2.5 per cent during the census of 2000.Census 2012, p. 5 + Population distribution in Zambia by states Provinces Rank Population % of total population Males Females Sex ratio Literacy rate (%)Census 2012, p. 24e [e] Rural Population (%)Census 2012, p. 7 Urban Population (%) Area (km2) Density (/km2)Census 2012, p. 17 Decadal Growth (%) (2000–2010)Central 5 1,307,111 10.05 648,465 658,646 1,016 70.90 74.87 25.13 94,394 13.8 2.60Copperbelt 2 1,972,317 15.21 981,887 990,430 1,009 83.10 19.11 80.89 31,328 63 2.20Eastern 3 1,592,661 12.16 784,680 807,981 1,030 54.40 87.42 12.58 51,476 30.9 2.60Luapula 7 991,927 7.57 488,589 503,338 1,030 62.60 80.39 19.61 50,567 19.6 2.50Lusaka 1 2,191,225 16.78 1,082,998 1,108,227 1,023 83.00 15.35 84.65 21,896 100.1 4.60Muchingab [b] 9 711,657 5.42 349,872 361,785 1,034 63.50 82.99 17.01 87,806 8.1 3.10Northern 6 1,105,824 8.47 546,851 558,973 1,022 61.00 81.68 18.32 77,650 14.2 3.20North-Western 8 727,044 5.55 358,141 368,903 1,030 63.00 77.45 22.55 125,826 5.8 2.20Southern 4 1,589,926 12.08 779,659 810,267 1,039 71.20 75.33 24.67 85,283 18.6 2.80Western 8 902,974 6.72 433,505 469,469 1,083 61.60 86.73 13.27 126,386 7.1 1.70 TOTAL Zambia 13,092,666 100 6,454,647 6,638,019 1,028 70.2 60.49 39.51 752,612 17.4 2.8 The proportion of people living under poverty line was 60.5 per cent in 2010 compared to 62.8 per cent in 2006 as per the Living Condition Monitoring Survey (LCMS). The extremely poor formed 42.3 per cent of the total population as against 42.7 per cent in 2007. Around two per cent of the population was disabled, 35 per cent of which is accounted to diseases. Out of the disabled, 90.2 per cent were employed and the literacy rate of the disabled population remained at 58.6 per cent compared to the general literacy rate of 70.2 per cent.Census 2000, p. 69 Albinism is a condition where people have little or no pigment in their eyes, skin or hair. As per the census, there were 25,324 albino people in the country with 12,532 males (49.48%) and 12,792 females (50.52%). The literacy rate of albino population was 66.1 per cent.Census 2000, p. 77 + Population distribution in Zambia by states yearly comparisonCensus 2000, p. 1 Provinces 2010 Population 2010 rank 2000 Population 2000 1990 1980 1969 1964Central 1,307,111 5 1,012,2576983,914942,589713,000505,000Copperbelt 1,972,317 2 1,581,22111,568,5711,545,043816,000544,000Eastern 1,592,661 3 1,306,1733953,506911,552510,000480,000Luapula 991,927 7 775,3537750,542728,776336,000357,000Lusaka 2,191,225 1 1,391,32921,342,6321,292,955--Muchingac [c] 711,657 10 ------Northern 1,105,824 6 1,258,69641,219,6761,180,647545,000564,000North-Western 727,044 9 583,3509566,433544,908232,000211,000Southern 1,589,926 4 1,212,12451,178,1851,134,592496,000466,000Western 902,974 8 765,0888751,316730,280410,000363,000Zambia 13,092,666 -9,885,591-9,638,4519,339,6594,057,0003,490,000 Western Province was the largest among all provinces, having an area of 126,386 km2, while Lusaka was the smallest with 21,896 km2. Lusaka was the most populated and the most densely populated with a population of 2,191,225 and a density of 100 persons per km2. As of 2010, Western Province had the best sex ratio of 108 females for every 100 males, while Copperbelt had the lowest of 101. Northern Province had the highest number of basic schools, while Copperbelt had the highest number of high schools. The unemployment rate of youth (55%) and general unemployment rate (32%) was the highest in Copperbelt Province, while Eastern had the lowest unemployment rate of 6 per cent. AIDS death was maximum in Copperbelt with 26,799 recorded deaths in 2010, while it was lowest in North-Western with 2,859 recorded deaths. Lusaka Province had the most doctors and fewest Malaria related incidents, while North-Western had the lowest number of doctors. + Primary data of Zambia Provinces Parameter CentralPrimary Data of Central Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/central 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of ZambiaAugust 2026 InternetArchiveBot CopperbeltPrimary Data of Copperbelt Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/copperbelt 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of ZambiaAugust 2026 InternetArchiveBot EasternPrimary Data of Eastern Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/eastern 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of Zambia 12 December 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171212145655/http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/Eastern dead LuapulaPrimary Data of Lauapula Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/luapula 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of Zambia 10 May 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170510134047/http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/Luapula dead LusakaPrimary Data of Lusaka Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/lusaka 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of Zambia 19 October 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161019000311/http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/lusaka dead MuchingaPrimary Data of Muchinga Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/muchinga 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of ZambiaAugust 2026 InternetArchiveBot NorthernPrimary Data of Northern Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/northern 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of ZambiaAugust 2026 InternetArchiveBot North-WesternPrimary Data of North-Western Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/north-western 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of ZambiaAugust 2026 InternetArchiveBot SouthernPrimary Data of Southern Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/southern 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of Zambia 28 September 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240928125411/https://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/Southern dead WesternPrimary Data of Western Province http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/western 2011 16 October 2016 Zambia data portal, Central Statistical Office of Zambia 18 October 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161018234918/http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/apps/atlas/western deadCapital Kabwe Ndola Chipata Mansa LusakaChinsaliKasamaSolweziLivingstoneMonguLand area, km2 94,394 31,328 51,476 50,567 21,89687,80677,650125,82685,283126,386Population 1,307,111 1,972,317 1,592,661 991,927 2,191,225711,6571,105,824727,0441,589,926902,974Population density, per km2 14 63 31 20 1008146197Sex Ratio (females per 100 males) 102 101 103 103 102103102103104108Unemployment rate (%) 12.7 22.1 8.87.7 20.06.46.310.312.17.7AIDS Deaths 9,016 26,799 9,338 5,209 15,429No data6,9582,85912,4036,044 Language and ethnicity Christianity is the official religion in Zambia according to the Constitution of Zambia.Amended Constitution of Zambia https://www.scribd.com/doc/3713564/Constitution-of-Zambia-1991Amended-to-1996 Government of Zambia 15 October 2016 Christians belonging to various denominations formed a majority, while many other religious traditions were also present in the country. In 2010, according to World Christian Trends, 85.5 per cent of the population were identified as Christian, 11.2 per cent with indigenous religions, 1.8 per cent as Bahá'í, 1.1 per cent as Muslim, 0.2 per cent as agnostic, 0.1 per cent as Hindu, and all other groups accounted for less than 0.1 per cent.Zambia http://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_245_2.asp Association for Religion Data Archives 11 February 2016 23 June 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170623232023/http://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_245_2.asp dead The 2010 Zambian census found that 75.3 per cent of Zambians were Protestant, 20.2 per cent were Catholic, 0.5 per cent were Muslim, 2.0 per cent followed other religions, and 1.8 per cent had no religion.Census 2012, p. 19 Bemba was the most widely spoken language in both urban and rural Zambia with a total of 33.5 per cent speaking it, followed by Nyanja spoken by 14.8 per cent of the total population. At a national level, Toka-Leya remained the least spoken language with 0.5 per cent, but English remained the least spoken language in rural areas with only 0.2 per cent using it.Census 2012, p. 64 + Population distribution in Zambia by states yearly comparison Language Total (%) Rural (%) Urban (%)Bemba 33.5 22.5 49.5Lala 1.8 2.9 0.3Bisa 1 1.6 0.1Ushi 0.9 1.4 0.2Lamba 1.8 2.7 0.4Tonga 11.4 15.9 4.9Lenje 1.2 1.8 0.2Ila 0.7 1.1 0.2Toka-Leya 0.5 0.8 0.1Luvale 1.5 2 0.9Lunda (North Western) 1.9 2.6 0.9Mbunda 0.7 1.1 0.2Kaonde 1.9 2.4 1.1Lozi 5.5 7.1 3.2Chewa 4.5 6.8 1.2Nsenga 3 4.3 1Ngoni 0.7 0.9 0.4Nyanja 14.8 5.7 28Tumbuka 2.6 4 0.5Senga 0.7 1.1 0.1Lungu 0.6 0.8 0.3Mambwe 1.3 1.8 0.5Namwanga 1.2 1.6 0.7English 1.7 0.2 3.8 According to the census of 2010, Bemba was the most populous tribal community forming 21 per cent of the total population, followed by Tonga, who formed 13.6 per cent of the total population. Chokwe were the smallest community forming 0.5 per cent of the total population. In rural areas, Tonga was the major community with 16.8 per cent while in urban areas it was Bemba, who formed 28.5 per cent of the total population.Census 2012, p. 93 + Population distribution by ethnicity Ethnicity Total Male (%) Female (%) Rural (%) Rural male (%) Rural female (%) Urban (%) Urban male (%) Urban female (%)Bemba 21.0 21.0 21.0 16.016.015.928.528.428.6Lunda (Luapula) 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.70.70.71.31.31.2Lala 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.43.43.32.82.72.8Bisa 1.6 1.5 1.6 2.01.92.01.01.01.0Ushi 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.91.91.91.81.81.8Chishinga 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.60.60.60.30.30.3Ngumbo 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.90.80.90.30.30.3Lamba 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.22.22.21.91.91.9Tabwa 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.01.01.00.30.30.3Tonga 13.6 13.5 13.6 16.816.816.88.78.68.9Lenje 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.71.71.71.41.31.4Soli 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.70.70.70.80.80.8Ila 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.90.90.90.60.60.6Luvale 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.12.22.12.22.32.2Lunda (North Western) 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.92.92.92.22.22.1Mbunda 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.61.61.70.60.60.6Chokwe 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.50.50.50.50.50.5Kaonde 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.82.82.83.23.23.1Lozi 5.7 5.7 5.8 6.16.06.15.25.25.2Nkoya 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.60.60.70.30.30.2Chewa 7.4 7.5 7.4 8.08.18.06.56.56.4Nsenga 5.3 5.2 5.3 4.64.64.66.26.16.3Ngoni 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.13.23.15.35.35.3Kunda 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.60.60.60.70.70.8Tumbuka 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.14.14.14.85.04.7Senga 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.11.11.10.60.60.6Lungu 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.01.01.00.50.60.5Mambwe 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.22.32.22.93.02.9Mwanga 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.22.22.23.83.83.7Ethnicity (not stated) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.40.40.30.40.40.4Major racial groups people 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.60.60.51.11.21.0Others 5.4 5.3 5.4 6.76.66.83.33.33.3 Profession and economic indicators As of 2010, people who were aged 12 years and above involved in a profession were classified as economically active,d [d] while housewives, homemakers, students, aged and non-working people were classified as inactive. Western had 63.8 per cent of active population, making it the province with the highest proportion of working people. Lusaka had the most active people (703,097), while Muchinga Province had the fewest (150,267). Lusaka also had the most working women, while North-Western had the fewest working women. The national average of active people stood at 55.5 per cent with 50.2 in rural areas and 65.3 per cent in urban areas. The unemployment rate was 13.0 per cent during 2010, with Copperbelt Province having the highest rate of 22.1 per cent and Northern Province had the least rate of 13.0 per cent.Census 2012, p. 36 The youth unemployment, defined as unemployed rate of people aged 15–35 years, stood at 16.7 per cent, with the age group of 20-24 constituting 23.5 per cent.Census 2012, p. 38 + Population distribution by profession Profession Total Male Female Rural UrbanManager0.91.20.60.32.2Skilled agricultural forestry and fishery workers53.848.959.974.410.7Elementary occupations12.812.213.513.28.4Craft and related trades workers6.910.52.42.615.8Service and sales workers10.09.111.12.126.5Plant and machine operators and assemblers3.25.40.50.78.4Professionals4.64.84.21.810.5Technicians and associate professionals2.22.71.50.75.4Clerical support workers1.00.81.20.12.7Not Stated4.74.45.14.25.9 As of 2010, agriculture was the major profession in most of the provinces in Zambia. Maize, mixed beans, rice, sorghum, soya beans, sunflower, sweet potatoes and wheat were the major crops in the provinces. Among all provinces, Central had the maximum area, 391593.23 ha acre on, constituting 20.64 per cent, while Luapula had the smallest area at 3.06 per cent of the total area. Maize production was maximum in Eastern (22.5%), mixed beans (51.66%) in Northern, sorghum in Southern (40.62%), sunflower in Eastern (70.2%), soya beans (45.06%), sweet potatoes (28.5%) and wheat (49.51%) in Central Province.Agriculture statistics of Zambia 2014 http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/ZMAGRISTAT2016/agriculture-statistics-of-zambia-2014 Central Statistical Office of Zambia 2016 17 October 2016 19 October 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161019000308/http://zambia.opendataforafrica.org/ZMAGRISTAT2016/agriculture-statistics-of-zambia-2014 dead + Agriculture data of Zambia Provinces Paramaeter Central Copperbelt Eastern Luapula Lusaka Muchinga Northern North-Western Southern WesternArea Planted (HA) 391,593.23 122,525.52 387,273.09 57,966.31 82,603.72 112,345.23191,104.5679,528.80360,160.32112,153.47Maize production723,760.85235,415.71745,580.30131,746.91148,290.62 244,978.50283,755.88160,866.33597,999.4178,276.86Mixed beans production 5,316.43 1,213.88 2,794.77 4,130.48 673.80 9,277.3331,898.084,446.711,685.30312.13Rice production 017.85 004.24 900.37 2,254.43 036.53 6,928.6318,169.24445.61021.2220,861.51Sorghum production 452.85 587.45 200.49 105.83 320.21 3,118.55283.551,038.134,694.90755.44Soya beans production 96,518.03 37,609.86 17,534.11 430.00 32,237.44 2,245.704,742.11579.6722,203.88077.92Sun Flower Production 2,872.09 028.67 24,053.17 005.58 049.21 432.17764.17014.866,042.08001.66Sweet potatoes production 42,787.85 11,603.63 7,842.74 11,356.02 4,689.72 18,151.3411,636.018,200.7631,048.672,841.24Wheat production 99,758.27 28,690.00 120.00 000.00 48,509.73 000.00000.00000.0024,426.13000.00Grand Total 971,484.23 315,153.44 799,025.94 150,029.26 234,807.26 285,132.23351,249.04175,592.09688,121.60103,126.75 Health indicators As per the census, Zambia recorded a Total fertility rate (TFR), defined as the fertility rate of a woman throughout her life, of 5.9, with 7.0 in rural and 4.6 in urban areas. The most urbanized provinces, with higher socio-economic index like Lusaka recorded a lower TFR. Crude birth rate (CBR), the number of live births for each 1,000 births, stood at 35 in Zambia, with the Northern Province recording a maximum of 41. Child-woman ratio (CWR), the ratio of children aged 0–4 against women aged 15–49, was 738 children per thousand women and it was maximum in Northern province, where it was 880. The General fertility rate (GFR), the number of births per 1,000 child-bearing women, was 147 as per the census. The Completed family Size (CF) was 6.4 in rural areas and 5.4 in urban areas. Gross reproduction rate (GRR), the average number of females births a woman would have between ages 15–49, was 2.3, while the Net reproduction rate (NRR), the number of surviving female births a woman would have between ages 15–49, stood at 2.1.Census 2012, pp. 41-42 + Health indicators of Zambia Parameter Total fertility rate (TFR) Completed family size (CF) Crude birth rate (CBR) Child-woman ratio (CWR) General fertility rate (GFR) Gross reproduction rate (GRR) Net reproduction rate (NRR)Central6.36.1367851562.51.8Copperbelt5.05.8295871121.81.7Eastern6.66.3388191682.61.8Luapula7.36.5398351722.71.8Lusaka4.65.2315711141.71.3Muchinga7.06.4408541752.82.1Northern7.16.5418801822.82.1North-Western6.86.3388701692.71.9Southern6.16.2378071602.51.8Western6.05.5368021522.31.7 Errors and criticism A study published in Population Health Metrics indicated that the census reported very high adult female mortality, particularly a high pregnancy-related mortality in both rural and urban areas twelve months prior to the census. The evaluation of population age, age-at-death, live births were reported to contain data errors.Rural-urban differentials in pregnancy-related mortality in Zambia: estimates using data collected in a census 4666090 Population Health Metrics Richard Banda Knut Fylkesnes Ingvild Fossgard Sandøy 2015 13 32 10.1186/s12963-015-0066-9 26628895 free Another study by Demographic Research indicated that the data of people aged above 80 was not accurately captured in most sub-Saharan countries, which prevented research on age-related health ailments and other socio-economic characteristics.The quality of demographic data on older Africans http://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol34/5/34-5.pdf Demographic Research 34 5 Sara Randall Ernestina Coast 169–170 26 February 2016 31 October 2016 10.4054/demres.2016.34.5 free Post Enumeration Survey A Post-Enumeration Census (PES) was carried out three months after the completion of census enumeration in 2010. It was carried out with the help of African Development Bank, US Census Bureau and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).Post Enumeration Survey 2013, p. v The sample data chosen for the PES from the census of 1990 was based on the guidelines of United Nations Statistics Division. It accounted socio-demographic variability based on rural and urban population and having a proportional sample size for the PES. Majority of provinces of Zambia being rural, the survey had a higher sample size in rural areas.Post Enumeration Surveys Operational guidelines http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/standmeth/handbooks/Manual_PESen.pdf 40 2010 31 October 2016 New York Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations Secretariat It was the first time when the PES results were fully analyzed in Zambia compared to previous years when they were only partially analyzed. The PES was aimed at finding the common issues to be considered for future census enumeration activities.Post Enumeration Survey 2013, p. 1 PES was applied in every stage of sample design, enumeration, matching, reconciliation and the application of Dual System Estimation methodology. The major recommendations from PES were to have a pilot PES, have effective sample design and data collection of PES, match data between PES and actual enumeration by having correct names of respondents, computerize matching and include cell phone and telephone number of the respondents.Post Enumeration Survey 2013, p. 20 The results of the PES indicated that 92.7 per cent of total Zambian residents were captured in the 2010 census, leaving an under count of 7.3 per cent. The estimated under count was 9.5 per cent of the total population in rural areas and 3.8 per cent in the urban areas. + Post enumeration survey in Zambia Province/TypeCensus count True population UndercountPost Enumeration Survey 2013, p. 14 PES SamplePost Enumeration Survey 2013, p. 3 PES Sample RuralPost Enumeration Survey 2013, p. 4 PES sample urban Dual system estimated population (DSE)Post Enumeration Survey 2013, p. 18Standard error - DSEZambia13,256,26014,302,9757.3---14,302,975166,564Rural8,035,9138,877,5589.5---8,877,556160,191Urban5,220,3475,425,4173.8---5,425,41445,929Male6,520,6897,052,5817.5---7,052,57787,761Female6,735,5717,250,3947.1---7,250,39380,261Age 0-176,937,5277,624,6639.0-----Age 18-292,904,1593,145,0837.7-----Age 30-492,400,9682,464,0462.6-----Age 50+1,013,6061,069,1785.2-----Central1,322,9551,436,8917.9312381,436,89120,761Copperbelt1,998,5742,128,0236.1398312,128,02316,885Eastern1,714,5251,878,4078.7363241,878,40730,293Luapula1,002,3541,092,7168.7282351,092,71616,570Lusaka2,225,9122,323,5994.2426362,323,59928,472Northern1,733,3871,891,5338.4362971,891,53328,810North Western735,592801,2038.226215801,20311,850Southern1,609,1881,750,3398.1352691,750,33925,436Western913,7731,000,2608.7272331,000,26016,064 Footnotes a GDDS denotes Group Decision Support System, a technology implemented in the same place or time across multiple entities for brainstorming purposes.January 2023 b Muchinga Province was created post the elections during September 2011. c Chinsali, Isoka, Mpika and Nakonde, the districts of Northern Province and Chama, a district in Eastern Province were moved to the newly created Muchinga Province in 2011. There were no changes in district boundaries and the population details of the districts were directly considered for Muchinga Province without the need for approximations. d Economically active people form both the employed (working for pay, profit or gain; on leave; unpaid family worker) and unemployed (unemployed & seeking employment; not seeking work, but available for work).Census 2012, p. 34 e Any person who is able to read or write in any language is considered literate. Notes 20em References 2 Summary report for the 2010 Census of population Central Statistical Office, Republic of Zambia Lusaka 2012 Census http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/2010/National/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20151026014633/http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/2010/National/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf 2015-10-26 Summary report for the 2000 Census of population Central Statistical Office, Republic of Zambia Lusaka 2003 Census 2010 census of population and housing - Post Enumeration Survey (PES) http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/2010/National/2010%20Census%20Post%20Enumeration%20Report.pdf 2013 Central Statistical Office Lusaka PES 2016-10-31 https://web.archive.org/web/20151113170741/http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/2010/National/2010%20Census%20Post%20Enumeration%20Report.pdf 2015-11-13 dead Category:Demographics of Zambia Zambia Census Category:Censuses in Zambia