1973 Soviet nuclear tests

none List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union 1973 Nuclear Blast Animation Rising Mushroom Cloud.gif Nuclear blast animation Soviet Union Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Bashkortostan, Russia; Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; NZ Area A, Chyornaya Guba, Novaya Zemlya, Russia; NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia; Orenburg, Russia; Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk. 1973 17 underground shaft, tunnel 4 MtTNT in 1972 Soviet nuclear tests 1974 Soviet nuclear tests 1973 Soviet nuclear tests The Soviet Union's 1973 nuclear test series was a group of 17 nuclear tests conducted in 1973. These testsA bomb test may be a salvo test, defined as two or more explosions "where a period of time between successive individual explosions does not exceed 5 seconds and where the burial points of all explosive devices can be connected by segments of straight lines, each of them connecting two burial points and does not exceed 40 kilometers in length". V. N. Mikhailov Catalog of World Wide Nuclear Testing Begell-Atom, LLC http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm 2013-12-17 https://web.archive.org/web/20140426102201/http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm 2014-04-26 dead followed the 1972 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1974 Soviet nuclear tests series. + Soviet Union's 1973 series tests and detonations Name The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known. Date time (UT) Local time zoneTo convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. Historical time zone data obtained from the IANA time zone database.Time Zone Historical Database iana.com http://www.ietf.org/timezones/ March 8, 2014 LocationRough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area. Elevation + height Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together. Delivery,Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.Purpose Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down. DeviceDesignations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed. YieldEstimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie). FalloutRadioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released. References Notes 379379 dmy 1973 2 16 05:03:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 113 49.8061 78.1034 379 inline 000768768 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000420000 42 kt 380380 dmy 1973 4 19 04:32:59.92 ALMT (6 hrs) Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 131 49.98442 77.62776 380 inline 000460460 m on + underground shaft,weapons development 000210000 21 kt 381 - 1381 dmy 1973 7 10 01:27:00.15 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 806 49.773 78.0451 381 - 1 inline 000684684 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000200000 20 kt 381 - 2381 dmy 1973 7 10 01:27:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 806 49.773 78.0451 381 - 2 inline 000684684 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 381 - 3381 dmy 1973 7 10 01:27:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 806 49.773 78.0451 381 - 3 inline 000684684 m on + tunnel,safety experiment 000000010 1000 kg 382382 dmy 1973 7 23 01:23:00.16 ALMT (6 hrs) Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1066 49.96889 78.8175 382 inline 000000330 m on – 465 m on underground shaft,peaceful research 002120000 212 kt Venting detected 000063000 6.3 kt 000063000 6.3 kt Seismic probing program. 110 km E Arkalyk. 385 - 1385 dmy 1973 9 12 06:59:54.81 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: V-1 or A-1 73.32819 54.97485 385 - 1 inline 000000100 m on – 1500 m on tunnel,weapons development 038000000 3.8 Mt Venting detected off site, 15 Ci GBq on This blast lead to a landslide of 80 million tons of rock on Novaya Zemlya. 385 - 2385 dmy 1973 9 12 06:59:54.8 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: V-1 or A-1 73.32441 54.96204 385 - 2 inline 000100100 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 385 - 3385 dmy 1973 9 12 06:59:54.8 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: V-1 or A-1 73.33105 54.98173 385 - 3 inline 000100100 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 385 - 4385 dmy 1973 9 12 06:59:54.8 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: V-1 or A-1 73.32819 54.97485 385 - 4 inline 000100100 m on + tunnel,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield 000063000 6.3 kt Seismic probing program. 230 km SSE Dzheskazgan. 387387 dmy 1973 9 20 ALMT (6 hrs) Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1267 49.96167 78.85556 387 inline 000330330 m on + underground shaft,weapons development 000000010 1000 kg 388388 dmy 1973 9 27 07:00:01.12 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area A, Chyornaya Guba, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: Yu-4 70.79267 53.83384 388 inline 00000030 m on – 880 m on underground shaft,fundamental science 001800000 180 kt Venting detected, 10 Ci GBq on 389 Sapfir (Sapphire)389 Sapfir (Sapphire) dmy 1973 9 30 05:00:00.4 SVET (5 hrs) Orenburg, Russia: E-3 51.65132 54.55261 389 Sapfir (Sapphire) inline 000000 – 1145 m on underground shaft,cavity excavation 000100000 10 kt Seismic probing program. 391391 dmy 1973 10 26 04:27:00.14 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 205 49.7469 78.132 391 inline 000575575 m on + tunnel,weapon effect 000150000 15 kt 390 Kama 2390 Kama 2 dmy 1973 10 26 05:59:59.5 SVET (5 hrs) Bashkortostan, Russia: Kama-2 53.65 55.4 390 Kama 2 inline 000000 – 2030 m on underground shaft,cavity excavation 000100000 10 kt Oil and chemical waste water burial. 392392 dmy 1973 10 27 07:00:00.61 MSK (3 hrs) NZ Area A, Chyornaya Guba, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: Yu-1 70.84 54.05 392 inline 00000030 m on – 1900 m on underground shaft,weapons development 040000000 4 Mt Highest yield shaft explosion. 393393 dmy 1973 11 4 03:57:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1069 50.0685 78.93328 393 inline 000330330 m on + underground shaft,weapons development 000000000 unknown yield Venting detected 394394 dmy 1973 12 14 07:46:59.67 ALMT (6 hrs) Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1064 50.04826 78.98636 394 inline 000330330 m on + underground shaft,weapons development 000800000 80 kt 395395 dmy 1973 12 31 04:03:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs) Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 21p 49.74366 78.08362 395 inline 000519676 m on – 157 m on tunnel,weapons development 000005000 500 t note References RFNC-VNIIEF 1996 USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990 Sarov, Russia The official Russian list of Soviet tests. Podvig Pavel 2001 Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces MIT Press Cambridge, MA 9780262661812 https://books.google.com/books?id=CPRVbYDc-7kC&pg=PA453 January 9, 2014 Cochran Thomas B. Arkin William M. Robert S. Norris Jeffrey I. Sands Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons Harper and Row New York, NY Khalturin Vitaly I. Tatyana G. Rautian Paul G. Richards 2000 10.1007/pl00001153 Chemical explosions during 1961-1989 on the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan Pure and Applied Geophysics 158 143–171 128953780 http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf December 13, 2013 March 4, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120004/http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf dead Yang Xiaoping Robert North Carl Romney August 2000 CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3) SMDC Monitoring Research Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4 December 1, 2004 IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security http://www-ns.iaea.org/downloads/rw/waste-safety/north-test-site-final.pdf December 13, 2013 Won-Young Kim Paul G. Richards Vitaly Andrushkin Vladimir Ovtchinnikov April 1, 2001 Borovoye digital seismogram archive for underground nuclear tests during 1966-1996 LDEO http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/Monitoring/Data/Brv_arch_ex/brv_text_table.pdf December 13, 2013 Andrushkin Vitaly V. William Leith September 1, 2001 The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions USGS Open File Report 01-312 https://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf December 13, 2013 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080818/http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf May 9, 2013 1973 Category:1973 in the Soviet Union Category:1973 in military history Category:1973 explosions