14th century in Wales

none September 2019 September 2019 13th century | 15th century | Other years in Wales Other events of the century This article is about the particular significance of the century 1301–1400 to Wales and its people. Events Timeline of Welsh history#14th century 1301 7 February – Edward, son and heir of King Edward I of England, is invested as Prince of Wales. 1302 February – James of Saint George, architect of several major castles in Wales, is appointed to oversee to the new defences at Linlithgow in Scotland. 14 November – Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, daughter of King Edward I, marries the Marcher lord Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford at Westminster Abbey. Sir John Wogan, Chancellor of St Davids and Lord Justiciar of Ireland, buys out the remaining Fitzgerald interests in Castlemorris and Priskilly and returned them to the Diocese of St Davids. 1303 England's crown jewels, including the coronet of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, are stolen from Westminster Abbey and subsequently re-housed in the Tower of London. Newborough, Anglesey, gains its town charter. 1304 The remains of Bleddfa Castle are used to build a church tower. 1305 Denbigh Castle is substantially completed; 183 settlers are recorded as living outside the town walls and only 52 inside the town's defences. 1306 26 May – Eleanor de Clare marries Hugh Despenser the Younger at Westminster. Work on Beaumaris Castle restarts, after a six-year gap, prompted by fears of a Scottish invasion of North Wales.Taylor Arnold Beaumaris Castle Cardiff, UK Cadw 2004 1980 5th 1-85760-208-0 8, 10–11 1307 1 November – Margaret de Clare marries Piers Gaveston. 1308 30 September – Elizabeth de Clare marries John de Burgh. 1310 John Charleton, 1st Baron Cherleton, begins construction of Powis Castle. 1311 Construction of Holt Castle is complete. 1314 A revolt breaks out in Glamorgan. 1315 January – Roger Mortimer de Chirk is removed from his office of Justiciar of North Wales. King Edward II of England, as guardian of the three heiresses of the estate of Gilbert de Clare, appoints Payn de Turberville of Coity as administrator. 1316 28 January – Llywelyn Bren, a nobleman of Glamorgan, leads a revolt, attacking Caerphilly Castle. 3 February – Widowed heiress Elizabeth de Clare is abducted from Bristol Castle by Theobald II de Verdun, whom she subsequently marries. A few months later, she is widowed for a second time. March – In a brief battle at Castell Mor Graig, Llywelyn Bren and his men are forced to break off their six-week siege of Caerphilly. 18 March – Llywelyn Bren surrenders unconditionally to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford. October – Roger Mortimer de Chirk is re-appointed Justiciar of North Wales in October 1316.Pettifer, Adrian, Welsh Castles: a Guide by Counties. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2000. p.60. 1317 15 November – Hugh Despenser the Younger becomes Lord of Glamorgan in the right of his wife Eleanor de Clare. 1318 Llywelyn Bren is executed at Cardiff Castle. 1321 February – Despenser War: Roger Mortimer, Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, and Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, agree to attack the Welsh lands of Hugh Despenser the Younger and his father Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester. March – Despenser War: King Edward II travels to Gloucester and calls on the Marcher Lords to join him; Mortimer and Hereford decline. Edward marches on to Bristol, and repeats his call for the Marcher Lords to convene with him there. They again decline.Weir, Alison. (2006) Queen Isabella: She-Wolf of France, Queen of England. London: Pimlico Books. 978-0-7126-4194-4. p.136. May – Despenser War: Newport, Cardiff and Caerphilly are seized by Roger Mortimer in an intense eight-day campaign. Mortimer and the Earl of Hereford then set about pillaging Glamorgan and Gloucestershire, before marching north to join Lancaster at Pontefract Castle. December – Despenser War: King Edward II of England and his allies march on Cirencester, preparing to invade the Welsh borders. 1322 22 January – Despenser War: Roger Mortimer and his uncle, Roger Mortimer de Chirk, surrender to King Edward II at Shrewsbury.Costain, Thomas Bertam. (1962) The Three Edwards. London: Doubleday. pp.196-97 1323 20 June – John de Egglescliffe, Bishop of Connor, is translated to the diocese of Llandaff. 1326 9 October – King Edward II of England arrives in Gloucester; from here he flees into Wales. 21 October – King Edward II and his favourite, Hugh Despenser the Younger, take ship at Chepstow, heading west, but are forced to put into Cardiff after five days of adverse weather.Ian Mortimer, The Greatest Traitor, Vintage Books, 2010. 9780099552222. p 157 4 November – King Edward II takes refuge at Neath;Birch, Walter de Gray, 'A History of Neath Abbey derived from original documents ... with some account of the castle and town of Neath [and] notices of the other monasteries of Glamorganshire' (Neath, 1902) pp. 125-126 the abbot attempts to negotiate on his behalf with the forces of Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer. 16 November – King Edward II is captured by rebel forces at Pantybrad in South Wales. His favourite Hugh Despenser the Younger is also captured and imprisoned; ten days later he is tried and executed for treason. Hugh's wife, Eleanor de Clare, is placed in confinement in the Tower of London. 1327 25 January – King Edward II of England is forced to abdicate. 4 April – King Edward II, now a prisoner, is transferred to Llanthony Priory. 1328 April – Eleanor de Clare is allowed to take possession of her own lands in Wales. 12 June – Henry Gower is consecrated as Bishop of St Davids. Approximate date – Quay built at Tenby. 1329 February – Following her elopement with (or abduction by) William de la Zouche, Eleanor de Clare, is again imprisoned in the Tower of London. 1330 6 December – The British Isles are hit by a great storm, creating large areas of sand dunes on Anglesey. December – Eleanor de Clare, widow of Hugh Despenser the Younger, is given permission to bury her husband's remains on the family estate in Gloucestershire. 1339 Farndon Bridge built across the Welsh border. 1343 12 May – Edward, the Black Prince, is invested as Prince of Wales. Llywelyn ap Gwilym, uncle of the poet Dafydd ap Gwilym, is appointed constable of Newcastle Emlyn. 1345 First stone bridge at Llangollen built by John Trevor of Trevor Hall. 1346 John Trevor becomes Bishop of St Asaph. 1347 3 June – John Paschal is designated Bishop of Llandaff,Paschal, John 43 despite the election of another candidate by the chapter.Ernest Silvanus Appleyard Welsh sketches, by the author of 'Proposals for Christian union'. https://archive.org/details/welshsketchesby00applgoog 1853 8 23 September – John of Thoresby is consecrated Bishop of St Davids. 1349 Edward le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer, becomes Lord of Glamorgan. The Black Death arrives in Carmarthen. Eleven of the twelve gafol-men (castle tenants) are dead by 1350. 1361 10 October – Edward, the Black Prince, marries his cousin, Joan of Kent, who becomes Princess of Wales. 1369 Owain Lawgoch launches an unsuccessful invasion attempt on Wales. 1372 May – In Paris, Owain Lawgoch announces his intention of claiming the throne of Wales. Owain Lawgoch and his invasion force arrive in Guernsey. 1375 11 November – At the age of two, Thomas le Despenser succeeds his father as Lord of Glamorgan. 1376 20 November – Prince Richard, grandson of King Edward III, is invested as Prince of Wales. 1377 Rumours spread of a third invasion attempt by Owain Lawgoch. 1384 Owain Glyndŵr enters the army of King Richard II of England. 1386 September – Owain Glyndŵr is a witness in the Scrope v. Grosvenor trial at Chester.Parry Charles The Last Mab Darogan 2010 Novasys Limited London 978-0-9565553-0-4 49 1389 9 August – Edmund Bromfeld, formerly a troublesome monk at Bury St Edmunds Abbey, is designated Bishop of Llandaff by the Pope.Ernest Silvanus Appleyard Welsh sketches, by the author of 'Proposals for Christian union'. https://archive.org/details/welshsketchesby00applgoog 1853 165 1397 11 November – Guy Mone is consecrated Bishop of St Davids. 1399 24 July – Richard II of England lands from Ireland and makes his way to Conwy Castle. 9 August – Holt Castle surrenders without a fight to the soon-to-be Henry IV of England and the royal treasure moved here from the Tower of London over the previous year by Richard is recovered. 12 August – Richard negotiates with Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, at Conwy. 19 August – Richard surrenders to Bolingbroke at Flint Castle 15 October – Henry of Monmouth is invested as Prince of Wales.Charles Beem The Royal Minorities of Medieval and Early Modern England https://books.google.com/books?id=F0NaCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162 27 October 2008 Palgrave Macmillan US 978-0-230-61618-9 162 In the same month Harry Hotspur is appointed Justiciar of North Wales and Chester, Sheriff of Flint, and Keeper of five royal castles in North Wales.Helen Castor The Eagle and the Hart Penguin Random House 2024 377 1400 16 September – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers at Glyndyfrdwy. Start of the Glyndŵr Rising. 26 September – King Henry IV of England arrives in Shrewsbury with an army to put down the rebellion. November – An affray occurs at Westminster between the followers of Adam of Usk and those of his enemy Walter Jakes. Births 1330 15 June – Edward, the Black Prince, Prince of Wales (d. 1376) 1341 date unknown – Sir John Clanvowe, diplomat, soldier and poet (d. 1391) probable – Llywelyn ap Gruffydd Fychan, Carmarthenshire landowner and rebel (d. 1401) 1374 11 April – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, Marcher Lord and heir presumptive to Richard II probable – Constance of York, Countess of Gloucester, descendant of Llywelyn Fawr (d. 1416) 1376 9 November – Edmund Mortimer, claimant to the English throne and son-in-law of Owain Glyndŵr (d. c.1409) 1391 6 November – Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, claimant to the English throne and nephew of Edmund Mortimer (d. 1425) Deaths 1304 17 July – Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Wigmore, Marcher lord, 53Carr Pritchett Collins Royal Ancestors of Magna Charta Barons: Including Ancestry of John Talbot, 10th Earl of Shrewsbury, and Elizabeth Knox, Daughter of Rev. John Knox and His Wife, Margaret Stewart. The Collins Genealogy; the American Ancestry of Kit, Dick, and Christy Collins https://books.google.com/books?id=nCZGAAAAMAAJ 1959 100 date unknown – Madog Crypl, lord of Powys Fadog 1311 11 October – Tudur Hen, grandson of Ednyfed Fychan and ancestor of the Tudor dynasty 1314 24 June (Battle of Bannockburn) - Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester, Marcher lord, 23 1315 probable – Rhodri ap Gruffudd, grandson of Llywelyn Fawr 1326 3 August – Roger Mortimer de Chirk, 70? 27 October – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester (executed), 65Rev. John Milner, History of Antiquities of Winchester, p. 213. 24 November – Hugh Despenser the Younger, Lord of Glamorgan, 39/40 (executed) 1327 11 October (probable) - King Edward II of England, 43 1330 29 November – Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, 43 (executed) 1337 7 June – Gwenllian, only child of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, 54 30 June – Eleanor de Clare, heiress, 44 1342 April – Margaret de Clare, heiress, 48 1347 date unknown – John de Egglescliffe, Bishop of Llandaff 1349 29 September – Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell, direct descendant of Llywelyn the Great and mother of the Princess of Wales, ?52 1352 26 December – John, 3rd Earl of Kent and Baron Wake, brother of the Princess of Wales, 22 1356 Joan de Geneville, 2nd Baroness Geneville, widow of Roger Mortimer, 70 1360 26 February – Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, Marcher lord 4 November – Elizabeth de Clare, heiress, 65 26 December – Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent, first husband of Joan of Kent 1370 1363 date unknown – Tomas ap Rhodri, grandson of Llywelyn the Great and father of Owain Lawgoch probable – Dafydd ap Gwilym, poet 1372 date unknown – Edward of Angoulême, elder son of the Prince and Princess of Wales, 6 1373 16 January – Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford, Marcher lord, 30 1376 8 June – Edward, the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, 45 1378 July – Owain Lawgoch, claimant to the principality of Wales (assassinated), ?48 1381 probable – Sir Hywel ap Gruffydd ("Syr Hywel y Fwyall"), soldier in the service of King Edward III of England 1383 16 January – Thomas Rushhook becomes Bishop of Llandaff. 1385 7 August – Joan of Kent, Dowager Princess of Wales, 56 1387 date unknown – Sir David Hanmer, judge 1390 date unknown – Nicholas Carew, Lord Privy Seal 1394 4 June – Mary de Bohun, mother of the future King Henry V 1398 20 July – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, Marcher lord, 24 date unknown – Iolo Goch, bard 1400 14 February – King Richard II of England, formerly Prince of Wales (1376–77), 33 References Wales